Table of Contents

Preface...... xxvii

Volume I

Chapter 1 Is the World Flat or Not (Yet)? Trade Globalization and Digitalization...... 1 Nadia Simoes, BRU, ISCTE, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal Nicole Palan, Graz Schumpeter Centre, University of Graz, Graz, Austria Nuno Crespo, BRU, ISCTE, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal

Chapter 2 How Does Globalization Relate to Corruption?...... 29 José Manuel Caetano, Universidade de Évora, Portugal António Bento Caleiro, Universidade de Évora, Portugal

Chapter 3 How Does Globalization Affect the Government’s Public Finance? New Evidence From Developing Countries...... 49 Irem Cetin, ,

Chapter 4 Globalization and Economy: Growth, Development, and Financial System...... 62 Michael Torres-Franco, Universidad EAN, Colombia

Chapter 5 Impact of Globalization on Inbound Tourism in Mediterranean Countries: A Panel Regression Analysis...... 87 Yilmaz Bayar, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Turkey Hakki Odabas, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Turkey Emre Sakar, Usak University, Turkey

Chapter 6 Foreign Direct Investments: A Key Factor for Business Globalization...... 96 Darko Marjanović, Institute of Economic Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia Ivana Domazet, Institute of Economic Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia   

Chapter 7 Experiments of Basic Income in Worlds of Welfare...... 117 Mohammad Ferdosi, McMaster University, Canada Tom E. McDowell, Ryerson University, Canada

Chapter 8 Globalization/Liberalization and Poverty Level in Africa: The Role of African Leaders...... 138 Okechukwu Ethelbert Amah, Lagos Business School, Pan Atlantic University, Nigeria

Chapter 9  Globalization of Stock Market, Economic Growth, and Geopolitical Risk: Evidence From Brazil...... 157 Ecenur Ugurlu Yildirim, Social Sciences University of Ankara, Turkey

Chapter 10 Institutional, Economic, and Social Impacts of Globalization and Liberalization: Financial Performance Analysis in the Context of Globalization – An Analysis for the EU and Turkey...... 169 Dilek Murat, Bursa Uludag University, Turkey Simla Güzel, Tekirdag Namık Kemal University, Turkey

Chapter 11 Digital Marketing in the Globalization Process: Examples From Real-Time Marketing...... 185 Ali Tehci, Fatsa Faculty of Marine Sciences, , Turkey

Chapter 12  The Economic Impact of Globalization and Internationalization on Minority Immigrant Graduates...... 201 Schiro Withanachchi, Queens College, City University of New York, USA

Chapter 13 Financial Globalization and the Development of China’s Economy...... 227 Zhao Weili, Southern Federal University, China

Chapter 14 Understanding FDI in Socialist Nations: A Comparative Study Between China and Vietnam...... 246 Jayanth Narendra Deshmukh, FLAME University, India & Teach For India, Pune, India

Chapter 15 The Effects of Globalization on Turkish Public Financial Management and Budget Process...... 273 Durdane Küçükaycan, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Turkey Gonca Gungor Goksu, , Turkey

Chapter 16 The Effects of Globalization on Public Expenditures, Tax Revenues, and Public Debt: An Empirical Evidence From the European Countries...... 287 Fazlı Yıldız, Kutahya Dumlupinar University, Turkey Ersin Nail Sağdıç, Kutahya Dumlupinar University, Turkey 

Chapter 17 Stages of Globalization and Their Reflections on Higher Education...... 306 Oya Tamtekin Aydin, Istanbul Bilgi University, Turkey

Chapter 18 Development of Environmental Taxes in The European Union in The Globalization Process: The Case of Croatia...... 326 Arzu Erdinç Ertürk, Uşak University, Turkey Onur Ertürk, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Turkey

Volume II

Chapter 19 The Impact of Global Economy and Global Liquidity on Domestic Economic Growth...... 337 Musa Bayir, Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University, Turkey

Chapter 20 The Pacific Alliance: An Opportunity of Internationalization for MSMEs...... 356 Juan M. Gil-Barragan, Universidad EAN, Colombia Andrés Aguilera-Castillo, Università degli studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Italy

Chapter 21 The Effect of Export Diversification on Economic Growth: The Case of the BRICS-T...... 381 Mehmet Hilmi Özkaya, Uşak University, Turkey Tuba Yücel, Uşak University, Turkey

Chapter 22 The Changing Nature and Use of the Concept NEET in Contemporary Society: Normalising the NEET Age Cohort...... 394 Walter Matli, Vaal University of Technology, South Africa

Chapter 23 Impact of Trade Liberalization on Income Inequality: Evidence From Turkey...... 412 Dilara Ayla, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Turkey Çiğdem Karış, , Turkey

Chapter 24 Determinants of Inward Bound Foreign Direct Investment in Afirca and China: FDI Determinants in Africa and China...... 427 Tafirenyika Sunde, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Namibia 

Chapter 25 Foreign Direct Investment in North Africa: A Descriptive Analysis of the Performance, Policies, Challenges...... 446 Arhan S. Ertan, Bogazici University, Turkey Ahmed M. Musabeh, , Turkey

Chapter 26 Adverse Effects and Intangible Costs for American Expatriates in Russia...... 472 Vahick A. Yedgarian, Regency Financial Group, USA

Chapter 27 Local Governments on the Way at the Provision of Gender Equality...... 485 Zuhal Önez Çetin, Uşak University, Turkey

Chapter 28 Do We Have to Rethink Sovereign Debt of Developing Countries?...... 499 Wissem Ajili, Eslsca Paris Business School, France

Chapter 29 The Effect of Defense Expenditures and Peace on Economic Growth: Evidence From European Union Transition Economies...... 518 Mahmut Unsal Sasmaz, Usak University, Turkey Abdullah Zeybekoglu, Usak University, Turkey

Chapter 30 The Business Transformation Framework and Enterprise Architecture Framework: Organisational Asset Management in the Lebanese Context...... 535 Antoine Trad, Independent Researcher, Croatia

Chapter 31 Economics and Financial Implications of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)...... 567 Salha Ben Salem, University of Monastir, Tunisia Nadia Mansour, University of Sousse, Tunisia & University of Salamanca, Spain

Chapter 32 Market Structure of the Banking Sector and the Turkish Banking Sector...... 584 Nizamülmülk Güneş, Savings Deposit Insurance Fund, Turkey

Chapter 33 Accounting Convergence, Mandatory Adoption of IFRS, and Accounting Quality...... 605 Sinem Ates, Department of Business Administration, , Turkey 

Chapter 34 The Past and the Present of Düyun-u Umumiye: A Comparative Analysis of Economic Institutions.628 Başak Ergüder, , Turkey

Chapter 35 Corruption and Public Sector Borrowing in EU Transition Economies: A Panel Causality Analysis.646 Omer Faruk Ozturk, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Usak University, Turkey

Chapter 36 Supplier Selection in Food Industry Using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method...... 657 Yusuf Ersoy, Uşak University, Turkey

Chapter 37 Foreign Language (English) Learning in Cross-Cultural Communication in Indonesia...... 671 Mario Nugroho Willyarto, Bina Nusantara University, Indonesia Ulani Yunus, Bina Nusantara University, Indonesia Bhernadetta Pravita Wahyuningtyas, Bina Nusantara University, Indonesia

Chapter 38 Taxation Chapter in Turkey’s Europan Union Membership Process...... 685 Murat Aydın, Uşak University, Turkey

Compilation of References...... xxxi

About the Contributors...... cxix

Index...... cxxix