DOCSLIB.ORG

World Bank Document

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
World Bank Document MONTHLY OPERATIONAL SUMMARY OF BANK AND IDA PROPOSED PROJECTS (As of May 31, 1983) SecM83-597 1 FROM: Vice President and Secretary June 17, 1983 CONTENTS Section Page I. - Eastern Africa 1 - 13 Public Disclosure Authorized II, - Western Africa 14 - 29 III. - East Asia and Pacific 30 - 40 IV, - South Asia 41 - 51 V. - Europe, Middle East and North Africa 52 - 66 VI. - Latin America and Caribbean 67 78 VII, - New Projects 79 82 Member Country, and Borrower or Amount & Stage of Process­ Implementing Probable ing and Action on ~1./ Lender];/ Procurement ii I, EASTERN AFRICA BOTSWANA Public Disclosure Authorized (WATER UTILITIES 22.0 (R) Water Supply III - Raising of Board presentation'scheduled for· CORPORATION) (Bank) Gaborone dam and expansion of July 5, (Co-financing with CDC treatment facilities to meet agreed for $10.8 million.) Gaborone's near-term water supply requirements; site Procurement: Main contract of investigations and preliminary about $30 million awarded for design for two future dams, raising dam. Total project cost estimated at $50 million, Ministry of Health About Family Health - Improve Appraisal mission scheduled for 11.0 effectiveness of health June, Bank Project Preparation (Bank) services delivery by Facility advance of $480,000 strengthening critical approved to finance specialists components of health systems, and employ project manager to including maternal and child help Ministry of Health prepare health and family planning. project and carry out preliminary Total project cost to be study of health organization, determined. Public Disclosure Authorized Botswana Development About DFC II - Line of credit to Appraisal report under Corporation and 12.0 Botswana Development preparation. National Development (Bank) Corporation and National Bank Development Bank for subprojects in various sectors; and technical assistance to strengthen NDB's capacity for promoting small and medium-sized enterprises, Total project cost to be determined. !/ If the Government is the borrower, the name of the department, ministry or agency which is to implement the pr~ject is given. If the Government is to relend the proceeds to another entity, the name of that entity is given. If the Government is not the borrower, the borrower's name is given in capital letters in parentheses. 2/ The amount is in millions of U,S. dollars and is approximate and tentative, 11 The le.tter (N) before the project means that the project is a new listing in the Summary; the letter (R) means that the information about the project has been revised since the last issue of the Summary, Section VII of the Summary contains a recapitulation of the new projects listed in this issue, Public Disclosure Authorized Thie column contains available information, if any, about· action with respect to the procurement of goods and services expected to be financed by the Bank or IDA. Distribution: Executive Directors and Alternates President Senior Vice Presidents Senior Management Council Vice Presidents, IFC Directors and Department Heads, Bank and IFC - 2 - Member Country, and Borrower or Amount & Stage of Process­ Implementing Probable ing and·Action on ~y Lender Y Procurement 4/ BURUNDI Ministry of About Water Supply II - Feasibility study is underway, Rural 15.0 Rehabilitation of 48 rural IDA Project Preparation Facility Development (IDA) aqueducts. Total project cost advance of $470,000 approved to to be determined. complete preparation. Ministry of 15.8 (R) Education III - Expansion of Approved by the Executive National (IDA) basic education and junior Directors on May 10. Credit Education secondary education. Total signed on June 9. project cost $19.3 million. Ministry of About Technical Assistance - Appraisal'report under Planning 5.0 Improving efficiency of public preparation. (IDA) sector enterprises and project preparation and monitoring capabilities. Total project cost to be determined. Ministry About Agriculture Muyinga - Pilot Project under preparation, of Agric_ulture 15.0 settlement scheme and (Priority of project to be (IDA) development of coffee and reassessed in context of sector foodcrop production in the review.) Muyinga province. Total project cost to be determined. Ministry of About Agricultural Services. Total Project under preparation. Agriculture 10.0 project cost to be determined. (IDA) COMOROS Ministry of 2.3 (R) DFC I - Line of credit for Negotiations completed, Credit Finance and (IDA) financing of agroindustry and approved by the Executive Plan small-scale industry. Directors on June 2, Ministry of About Rural Development - Land Project under preparation. Production 5.0 conservation and reafforesta­ (Co-financing with !FAD agreed,) and Industrial (IDA) tion and agricultural develop- Development .ment. Ministry of About (R) Population - Health infrastruc­ Negotiations postponed to Public Health 2.7 ture and technical assistance mid-June at Government's request. (IDA) for population activities. Total project cost estimated at $3.0 million DJIBOUTI ·Ministry of About (R) Urban Sites and Services, .Preparation mission in the Public Works/ 8.0 Housing Develop~ent, urban field, An IDA Project District of (IDA) facilities, support for small­ Preparation Facility advance of Djibouti scale industry, artisans! $500,000 has been approved to enterprise and training, Total finance primarily consultants' project cost about $20.million. services. Ministry of National About Human Resources - Possible Project under identification. Education, Youth and 6.0 components include secondary Sports (IDA) technical education, training, health services, etc. I ETHIOPIA I Ministry of To be Livestock Development and Preparation report to be revised I Agriculture deter- Marketing - sector credit for on completion of Government's mined further livestock development, comprehensive review of livestock (IDA) sector. See page 1 for footnotes. - 3 - Member Country, and Borrower or Amount & Stage of Process­ Implementing Probable ing and Action on ~y Lender~/· Procurement 4/ ETHIOPIA (Cont'd) Ministry of 20.0 (R) Urban Development I - Upgrading Approved by the Executive Public Works (IDA) of existing settlements in Directors on May 17. & Housing Addis Ababa with basic services and house improvement.loans and· development of new sites for self-help housing construc­ tion. Total project cost is $26.8 million net of taxes and duties, of which $7.5 million is foreign exchange. (ETHIOPIAN To be Power III - Electric Preparation work underway. IDA ELECTRIC LIGHT deter­ transmission and possibly Project Preparation Facility AND POWER mined hydroelectric generation advance of $500,000 has been AUTHORITY (EELPA)) (IDA) facilities. approved to finance consulting services. (ETHIOPIAN 70.0 (R) Roads VIII - Second phase of Negotiations substantially TRANSPORT (IDA) 1978/82 Road Sector Program. completed. CONSTRUCTION) To improve and expand the road network; strengthen road IDA Project Preparation Facility maintenance operations and road advance of $500,000 approved to sector institutions. finance consulting services to facilitate an early start-up of the project. Ministry of 60.0 (R) Coffee Processing II and Documents under review. IDA Coffee and Tea (IDA) Marketing~ Second· phase of the Project Preparation Facility Development ongoing coffee processing advance of $700,000 approved to project. Total project cost is finance consultancy services, the $89.6 million net.of taxes and establishment of workshops and duties, of which $18.3 million other activities designed to is foreign exchange. facilitate an immediate start of the project. Ministry To be Peasant Agriculture Development Preparation work underway. of deter­ I - Support for expansion and Agriculture mined intensification of integrated (IDA) agricultural services, including construction of rural roads, seed multiplication programs; provision of training facilities in selected areas. Ministry of Mines 7.0 (R) Petroleum Exploration Promotion Negotiations substantially and Energy (MME) (IDA) - Geophysical surveys, completed. Board presentation on reprocessing of seismic data; June 14. IDA Project Preparation technical assistance to Facility advance of $1,000,000 Ministry of Mines and Energy. approved to finance exploration, Total project costs net of legal and accounting consultants taxes and duties estimated at to prepare the project. $9.4 million, of which $8.3 million is foreign exchange. Ministry of To be (R) Agricultural Research - Appraisal mission scheduled for Agriculture deter- btrengthening of the research June/July. mined capacity of the Institute of (IDA) Agricultural Research of Ethiopia. Telecommunications To be Telecommunications VI - To Appraisal report being prepared. Services of Ethiopia deter- improve and expand (Co-financing is being sought.) mined telecommunications services. (IDA) Government of To be Education VI - Basic·education Project preparation underway. Ethiopia deter- and teacher training. mined IDA See page 1 for footnotes. - 4 - Member Country, and Borrower or Amount & Stage of Process­ Implementing Probable ing and Action on .Y!!!.':I. J./ · Lender!/ Procurement !±./ KENYA Ministry of Works 7.0 (R) Urban (Secondary Towns) - Negotiations completed. Board and Housing/Ministry (Bank) Extension ·of urban development presentation on June 16, of Local Government, 22.0 programs to smaller towns. and Local (IDA) Total project cost estimated at IDA Project Preparation Facility Authorities $37.4 million, advance of $1,0 million approved to finance consultant's fees for detailed design and engineering,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Nepal HIDDEN VALLEYS of KHUMBU TREK & BABAI RIVER
    Nepal HIDDEN VALLEYS OF KHUMBU TREK & BABAI RIVER CAMP 16 DAYS HIMALAYAN CLIMBS We run ethical, professionally led climbs. Our operations focuses foremost on responsible tourism: Safety: All guides carry satellite phones in case of an emergency or helicopter rescue. Carried on all treks are comprehensive emergency kits. High altitude trips require bringing a Portable Altitude Chamber (PAC) and supplemental oxygen. Responsibility: All rubbish is disposed of properly, adhering to ‘trash in trash out’ practices. Any non-biodegradable items are taken back to the head office to make sure they’re disposed of properly. To help the local economy all vegetables, rice, kerosene, chicken, and sheep is bought from local villages en route to where guests are trekking. Teams: Like most of our teams, the porters have been working with us for almost 10 years. Porters are provided with adequate warm gear and tents, are paid timely, and are never overloaded. In addition, porters are insured and never left on the mountain. In fact, most insurance benefits are extended to their families as well. Teams are paid above industry average and training programs and English courses are conducted in the low seasons; their knowledge goes beyond just trekking but also into history, flora, fauna, and politics. Client Experience: Our treks proudly introduce fantastic food. Cooks undergo refresher courses every season to ensure that menus are new and exciting. All food is very hygienically cared for. By providing private toilets, shower tents, mess tents, tables, chairs, Thermarest mattresses, sleeping bags, liners and carefully choosing campsites for location in terms of safety, distance, space, availability of water and the views – our guests are sure to have a comfortable and enjoyable experience! SAFETY DEVICES HIDDEN VALLEYS OF KHUMBU TREK & BABAI RIVER CAMP Overview Soaring to an ultimate 8,850m, Mt Everest and its buttress the Lhotse wall dominates all other peaks in view and interest.
    [Show full text]
  • Water Resources of Nepal in the Context of Climate Change
    Government of Nepal Water and Energy Commission Secretariat Singha Durbar, Kathmandu, Nepal WATER RESOURCES OF NEPAL IN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATE CHANGE 2011 Water Resources of Nepal in the Context of Climate Change 2011 © Water and Energy Commission Secretariat (WECS) All rights reserved Extract of this publication may be reproduced in any form for education or non-profi t purposes without special permission, provided the source is acknowledged. No use of this publication may be made for resale or other commercial purposes without the prior written permission of the publisher. Published by: Water and Energy Commission Secretariat (WECS) P.O. Box 1340 Singha Durbar, Kathmandu, Nepal Website: www.wec.gov.np Email: [email protected] Fax: +977-1-4211425 Edited by: Dr. Ravi Sharma Aryal Mr. Gautam Rajkarnikar Water and Energy Commission Secretariat Singha Durbar, Kathmandu, Nepal Front cover picture : Mera Glacier Back cover picture : Tso Rolpa Lake Photo Courtesy : Mr. Om Ratna Bajracharya, Department of Hydrology and Meteorology, Ministry of Environment, Government of Nepal PRINTED WITH SUPPORT FROM WWF NEPAL Design & print : Water Communication, Ph-4460999 Water Resources of Nepal in the Context of Climate Change 2011 Government of Nepal Water and Energy Commission Secretariat Singha Durbar, Kathmandu, Nepal 2011 Water and its availability and quality will be the main pressures on, and issues for, societies and the environment under climate change. “IPCC, 2007” bringing i Acknowledgement Water Resource of Nepal in the Context of Climate Change is an attempt to show impacts of climate change on one of the important sector of life, water resource. Water is considered to be a vehicle to climate change impacts and hence needs to be handled carefully and skillfully.
    [Show full text]
  • UP Flood Situation Report
    Flood Situation Report Date: 3rd & 4th July 2018 Developed by: PoorvanchalGraminVikasSansthan (PGVS) Flood Situation of Uttarakhand: Flash floods triggered by heavy rain and washed away 16 roads and 10 bridges in Uttarakhand’s Pithoragarh district, currently cutting off access to 41 villages with some 18,000 residents. Flood situation in upstream area, Nepal in Sharda River (Mahakali): Due to effects of this, water in Sharda River and also rain fall in upstream areas of Mahakali (Sharda) River, water level arisen in Parigaon DHM station, Nepal with nearest warning level is 5.34 on 2nd July 2018. Currently the water level of the Mahakali (Sharda) River is 4.452 Miter and trend is falling in Parigaon DHM station, Nepal. Details of the water level from 27 June to till date is given below (Pic 1) (Picture 1) Daily water level of Sharda River from 27 June to 3 July 2018 (Source: Website DHM, Nepal) Flood situation in downstream areas of Uttar Pradesh, India: As per flood bulletin ((3rd July 2108)) of irrigation department, the Sharda River is flowing 0.230 Miter above danger level (153.620 Miter) in Paliyakala, Lakhimpur and currently trend of this river is rising. It’s flowing below danger level 1.420 Miter (135.490 Miter) in Shardanagar. The rainfall 171.4 MM in Banbasa, 118 MM in Paliyakalan ad 100 MM in Shardanagar were also contributed in worsening the situation in last three days. As per Dainik Jagran Newspaper (Page no.3), the Banbasa Barrage had discharged 117000 Qu. water. It will affect Mahsi Areas by today evening.
    [Show full text]
  • Spatio-Temporal Variation of Fish Assemblages in Babai River of Dang District, Province No. 5, Nepal
    Our Nature | December 2019 | 17 (1): 19-30 Spatio-temporal variation of fish assemblages in Babai River of Dang district, Province No. 5, Nepal Punam G.C and Jash Hang Limbu Central Department of Zoology, T.U., Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal E-mail:[email protected] Abstract Spatial and temporal variation of fish assemblages were investigated seasonally from October 2018 to May 2019. Fish assemblages were agglomerated with environmental variables both to spatial and temporal scales. Water temperature, dissolved Oygen, free carbon-dioxide, pH and water velocity of water of each site were measured. Based on analysis of similarities (ANOSIM), fish assemblages were significantly different in spatial variation but not in temporal variation. A total of 1,024 individuals belonging to 5 orders, 9 families and 15 genera and 24 species were collected. The dominated species were Puntius sophore, followed by P. terio, P. ticto and Barilius bendelisis. The Redundancy Analysis (RDA) vindicated that environmental variables of water temperature, pH, water velocity and free carbon-dioxide were found to be contributed variables to shape the fish assemblage structure of Babai River. The cluster analysis delineated that similarity between fish species decreases as the distance of sites increased. Keywords: Babai River, Cluster, Fish Diversity, RDA, Spatio-Temporal Pattern DOI: http://doi.org/10.3126/on.v17i1.33988 Manuscript details: Received: 11.8.2019 / Accepted: 26.11.2019 Citation: G.C. P. and J.H. Limbu. Spatio-temporal variation of fish assemblages in Babai River of Dang district, Province No. 5, Nepal Our Nature 17 (1): 19-30. DOI: http://doi.org/10.3126/on.v17i1.33988 Copyright: G.C.
    [Show full text]
  • A REVIEW of the STATUS and THREATS to WETLANDS in NEPAL Re! on the Occasion Of3 I UCN World Conservation Congress, 2004
    A REVIEW OF THE STATUS AND THREATS TO WETLANDS IN NEPAL re! On the occasion of3 I UCN World Conservation Congress, 2004 A REVIEW OF THE STATUS AND THREATS TO WETLANDS IN NEPAL IUCN Nepal 2004 IUCN The World Conservation Union IUCN The World Conservation Union The support of UNDP-GEF to IUCN Nepal for the studies and design of the national project on Wetland Conservation and Sustainable Use and the publication of this document is gratefully acknowledged. Copyright: © 2004 IUCN Nepal Published June 2004 by IUCN Nepal Country Office Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorised without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the copyright holder. Citation: IUCN Nepal (2004). A Review o(the Status andThreats to Wetlands in Nepal 78+v pp. ISBN: 99933-760-9-4 Editing: Sameer Karki and Samuel Thomas Cover photo: Sanchit Lamichhane Design & Layout: WordScape, Kathmandu Printed by: Jagadamba Press, Hattiban, Lalitpur Available from: IUCN Nepal, P.O. Box 3923, Kathmandu, Nepal Tel: (977-1) 5528781,5528761,5526391, Fax:(977-I) 5536786 email: [email protected], URL: http://www.iucnnepal.org Foreword This document is the result of a significant project development effort undertaken by the IUCN Nepal Country Office over the last two years, which was to design a national project for conservation and sustainable use of wetlands in the country.This design phase was enabled by a UNDP-GEF PDF grant.
    [Show full text]
  • Turn Your Radio
    WWF Staff Donate for Flood Victims HOT OFF THE PRESS The Journey of Pani Prasad 2007, pp 44 In the book, Pani Prasad, a fictitious character takes the students on a journey to the world of water. The book gives a vivid knowledge of water cycle and importance of water to the readers in a simple and interesting manner. WWF Nepal staff donated a sum of NRs. 100,775 (around US$ 1500) to assist the flood victims. Anil Manandhar, Country Representative of WWF Nepal Gift Of The Himalayas handed over the cheque on behalf of WWF staff to 2007, pp 44 Ganesh Agrawal, Managing Director of Kantipur Television on 6 September 2007. The amount was deposited in the Kantipur flood victim relief fund. The resource booklet contains brief Vol 43 NO. 7 April-September- 2007 Newsletter information on NTFPs found in the SHL, Nepal. The floods in Terai districts in the month of August have left many people displaced and distressed. n Message from the Country Remembering, Honouring and Celebrating the Life and Representative Achievements of Conservation Heroes In their memory WWF Nepal, The International Centre for Nepal Conservation Memorial Scholarships, Integrated Mountain Development, IUCN - Mingma Sherpa Memorial Scholarships, 23 September 2006 took away from us some of the finest The World Conservation Union, National Jillian Bowling Schlaepfer and Jennifer Hiu Chituwa TURN YOUR names in conservation. The void created by the mishap Trust for Nature Conservation, Wildlife Headley Memorial Scholarships were 2007, pp 30 is immeasurable but the immense courage and commitment RADIO ON! shown by everyone at WWF has proved that the work left Conservation Nepal, The Mountain Institute awarded to four meritorious students on the by them will be well taken care of.
    [Show full text]
  • Groundwater Research in NEPAL for Tiger Conservation
    GROUNDWATER RESEARCH IN NEPAL FOR TIGER CONSERVATION A reconnaissance study to groundwater dynamics in an alluvial mega-fan in Bardiya National Park (Terai), focusing on the interaction between groundwater and the Karnali river. Author: Hanne. Berghuis. MSc. Thesis. Program: Earth, Surface and Water at Utrecht University. 1st Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Jasper Griffioen. 2nd Supervisor: Dr. Derek Karssenberg. Date: 28-06-2019. Student No.: 6190987. Contact: [email protected]. Photo credits: Esther Leystra (2019). Nepal: Bardiya National Park. Acknowledgement I’d like to thank my supervisor Jasper Griffioen for the opportunity to hydrologically explore Bardiya. His enthusiasm for the project was inspiring and his close involvement was very motivating. My friend Ewa van Kooten introduced me to this project. Together we travelled to Nepal for three months. Thanks to her I enjoyed every single day of our time in Bardiya. She often came up with new ideas for field measurements, creative ways to fabricate field equipment or interpretations for unexpected observations. I am grateful for the Himalayan Tiger Foundation (HTF), who took the initial initiative for hydrological research in Bardiya. I very much appreciate their efforts for the conservation of the wild tiger. During the meetings in the Netherlands and around the campfire in Bardiya with the members and co of HTF, I have learned and laughed a lot. Moreover, I like to thank them for getting us in touch with the National Trust for Nature Conservation (NTNC). The staff of NTNC heartily welcomed us in Bardiya and at their office. They made us feel like a part of the NTNC-family by letting us join their festivals, dinners and campfires.
    [Show full text]
  • Climate Nepal ' Eeomn Predicaments Development S
    VULNERABILITY Through the Eyes of the VULNERABILITY VULNERABLE Through the Eyes of the VULNERABLE Climate Change Induced Uncertainties and Nepal ' s Development Predicaments Climate Change Induced Uncertainties and Nepal's Development Predicaments Nepal Climate Vulnerability Study Team (NCVST) October 2009 VULNERABILITY Through the Eyes of the VULNERABLE Climate Change Induced Uncertainties and Nepal's Development Predicaments Climate ChangeNepal Climate Vulnerability Induced Study Team (NCVST) October 2009 Uncertainties and Nepal's Development Predicaments NEPAL CLIMATE VULNERABILITY STUDY © Copyright, ISET-N and ISET 2009 Reasonable amount of text from this report can be quoted provided the source is acknowledged and ISET-N and ISET informed. TEAM (NCVST) ISBN: 978-9937-2-1828-3 Published by Institute for Social and Environmental Transition-Nepal (ISET-N) ISET-Nepal GPO Box: 3971; Tel: 977-1-4720667, 4720744; Fax: 977-1-5542354 E-mail: [email protected]; and Ajaya Dixit Institute for Social and Environmental Transition (ISET) 948 North Dipak Gyawali Street, Ste. 9, Boulder, CO 80304, USA Tel: 720-564-0650, Fax: 720-564-0653, www.i-s-e-t.org Madhukar Upadhya Anil Pokhrel 2nd reprint with some improvements and corrections. Disclaimer This report was prepared for the Kathmandu to Copenhagen 2009: The ISET Way Forward for Nepal conference in Kathmandu on 2nd September 2009. Its primary purpose is to bring the voices from the grassroots to Fawad Khan the fore, to assemble together the knowns and the unknowns on Dr Sarah Opitz-Stapleton climate change in the Nepal Himalaya, and to explore potential directions for future research as well as adaptive development activities.
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    MONTHLY OPERATIONAL SUMMARY OF BANK AND IDA PROPOSED PROJECTS (As of April 30, 1983) SecM83-482 FROM: Vice President and Secretary May 16, 1983 Page Public Disclosure Authorized I. - Eastern Africa 1 - 14 II. - Western Africa 15 - 30 III. - East Asia and Pacific 31 - 40 IV. - South Asia 41 - 50 v. - Europe, Middle East and North Africa 51 - 64 VI. - Latin America and Caribbean 65 - 76 VII. - New Projects 77 - 79 Hember Country, and Borrower or Amount & Stage of Process­ Implementing Probable ing and Action on Agency J_/ Lender 1/ Procurement !±I I. EASTERN AFRICA BOTSWANA (WATER UTILITIES 22.0 (R) Water Supply III - Raising of Negotiations substantially CORPORATION) (Bank1 Gaborone dam and expansion of completed. Board presentation Public Disclosure Authorized treatment facilities to meet scheduled for June 21. Gaborone's near-term water (Co~financing with CDC agreed for supply requirements; site $10.8 million.) investigations and preliminary design for two future dams. Procurement: Main contract of Total project cost estimated at about $30 million awarded for $50 million. raising dam. Ministry of Health About (R) Family Health - Improve Appraisal mission scheduled for 11.0 effectiveness of health June. Bank Project Preparation (Bank) services delivery by Facility advance of $480,000 strengthening critical approved to finance specialists components of health systems, and employ project manager to including maternal ·and child help Ministry of Health prepare health and family planning. project and carry out preliminary Total project cost to be deter- study of health organization. mined Botswana Development About (R) DFC II - Line of credit to Appraisal report under Corporation and 12.0 Botswana Development preparation.
    [Show full text]
  • Copyrighted Material
    Index Note: Page numbers in italics refer to figures and tables. 16R dune site, 36, 43, 440 Adittanallur, 484 Adivasi peoples see tribal peoples Abhaipur, 498 Adiyaman dynasty, 317 Achaemenid Empire, 278, 279 Afghanistan Acharyya, S.K., 81 in “Aryan invasion” hypothesis, 205 Acheulean industry see also Paleolithic era in history of agriculture, 128, 346 in Bangladesh, 406, 408 in human dispersals, 64 dating of, 33, 35, 38, 63 in isotope analysis of Harappan earliest discovery of, 72 migrants, 196 handaxes, 63, 72, 414, 441 skeletal remains found near, 483 in the Hunsgi and Baichbal valleys, 441–443 as source of raw materials, 132, 134 lack of evidence in northeastern India for, 45 Africa major sites of, 42, 62–63 cultigens from, 179, 347, 362–363, 370 in Nepal, 414 COPYRIGHTEDhominoid MATERIAL migrations to and from, 23, 24 in Pakistan, 415 Horn of, 65 related hominin finds, 73, 81, 82 human migrations from, 51–52 scholarship on, 43, 441 museums in, 471 Adam, 302, 334, 498 Paleolithic tools in, 40, 43 Adamgarh, 90, 101 research on stature in, 103 Addanki, 498 subsistence economies in, 348, 353 Adi Badri, 498 Agara Orathur, 498 Adichchanallur, 317, 498 Agartala, 407 Adilabad, 455 Agni Purana, 320 A Companion to South Asia in the Past, First Edition. Edited by Gwen Robbins Schug and Subhash R. Walimbe. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Published 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 0002649130.indd 534 2/17/2016 3:57:33 PM INDEX 535 Agra, 337 Ammapur, 414 agriculture see also millet; rice; sedentism; water Amreli district, 247, 325 management Amri,
    [Show full text]
  • 1. Background and Introduction
    Hariyo Ban Program Terms of Reference (ToR) for Baseline Survey of Macroinvertebrates of Babai and Kali Gandaki River 1. Background and Introduction: Hariyo Ban Program is a 5 year, USAID funded program that aims to reduce adverse impacts of climate change and threats to biodiversity in Nepal. Its objectives are to: 1. Reduce threats to biodiversity in target landscapes 2. Build the structures, capacity and operations necessary for effective sustainable landscape management, with a focus on reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) readiness 3. Increase the ability of targeted human and ecological communities to adapt to the adverse impacts of climate change Hariyo Ban Program has three cross-cutting themes: livelihoods, governance, and gender and social inclusion. It will operate in two landscapes: the east-west Terai Arc Landscape (TAL), and the north-south Chitwan-Annapurna Landscape (CHAL). Hariyo Ban Program is being implemented by a consortium of NGOs: World Wildlife Fund (WWF) (lead), Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere (CARE), National Trust for Nature Conservation (NTNC), and the Federation of Community Forestry Users in Nepal (FECOFUN). The Government of Nepal (GoN) is a key partner and beneficiary of Hariyo Ban Program, as are local communities. The program will also partner with other NGOs, academic institutions, and the private sector. 1. Monitoring of freshwater ecosystem The rivers that cascade down the Nepal Himalayas represent life in Nepal. The flows in these river systems sustain ecosystems and ecosystem services that support human communities— their livelihoods and lives. Many freshwater species are expected to be directly affected by temperature changes or changes in flow regimes while others will be affected by associated stressors, such as decreased oxygen levels, changes in habitat conditions or modified food resources.
    [Show full text]
  • Hydrologic and Water Resources Modelling for the Ganges Basin
    HYDROLOGIC AND WATER RESOURCES MODELLING FOR THE GANGES BASIN Public Disclosure Authorized A Compilation and Bibliography Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 3 Compilation of Recent/ Current Modelling Work ................................................................................. 4 Bibliography ........................................................................................................................................ 58 2 INTRODUCTION The Ganges River Basin is one of the largest river basins in the world, covering around 1.2 million km2. The basin spans India (84%), Nepal (12%), Bangladesh (3%) and China (1%). It rises in the Himalayas, traverses the fertile plains of India and Bangladesh, and flows into the Bay of Bengal through the world’s largest mangrove ecosystem, the Sundarbans of the Ganges Delta. Its major tributaries are the primarily rain-fed Himalayan rivers of India and Nepal. The delta is characterized by extensive series of distributary channels, including the Damodar-Hooghly River, but the main basin outlet is the main stem of the Ganges – called the Padma in Bangladesh – that merges with the Brahmaputra before flowing into the sea. The hydrology of the basin is dominated by the annual monsoon that delivers about 80% of annual inflows in just three months of the year. On average,
    [Show full text]