Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɍȾɄ 550.34.01 Ʉɚɪɩɟɧɤɨȼɇ.1, ɋɬɚɪɨɞɭɛɘɉ.2, ɋɬɚɫɟɧɤɨȼɇ.3, ɄɚɪɩɟɧɤɨȺȼ.4

Ɇɨɞɟɥɢɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɪɟɞɵɫ ɷɧɟɪɝɨɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɦɢɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ

Abstract The article considers the velocity models of the geological environment, which are observed in seismic experiments. Geological medium considered as a physical model of homogeneous elastic half-space with a continuous increase in the values of the elastic moduli as a function of increasing energy geostatic with depth. In the considered physico-mathematical model is introduced accounting lateral stress, which increases the accuracy of the theoretical determination of the average and interval velocities of P-waves during seismic data processing.

Rezumat În articol sunt analizate modelele de viteză ale mediului geologic, care sunt aplicate în experimentele seismice. Mediului geologic este privit ca un model fizic al unui spaĠiu semiinfinit elastic úi omogen cu o creútere lentă a modulului de elasticitate în funcĠie de creúterea energiei geostatice cu adâncimea. Modelul fizico-matematic analizat ia în considerĠie úi tensiunea laterală, lucru ce asigura o crestere a preciziei determinării teoretice a vitezelor medii úi de de interval al undei P în procesul procesării datelor seismice.

Ɋɟɡɸɦɟ ȼ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɵɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɯ. Ƚɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɪɟɞɚ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɦɨɞɟɥɶɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɝɨɭɩɪɭɝɨɝɨɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚɫɩɥɚɜɧɵɦɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟɦɦɨɞɭɥɹ ɭɩɪɭɝɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɝɟɨɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɫ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɨɣ. ȼ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɭɸ ɮɢɡɢɤɨɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɜɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɭɱɟɬ ɛɨɤɨɜɵɯ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɣ, ɱɬɨɩɨɜɵɲɚɟɬɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɫɪɟɞɧɢɯɢɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɶɧɵɯɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣ Ɋɜɨɥɧɵɧɚɷɬɚɩɟɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢɞɚɧɧɵɯɫɟɣɫɦɨɪɚɡɜɟɞɤɢ.

ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ. Ɂɚɞɚɱɢ ɩɨɢɫɤɚ, ɪɚɡɜɟɞɤɢ ɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɧɟɮɬɢ ɢ ɝɚɡɚ, ɧɟ ɪɟɲɚɸɬɫɹ ɛɟɡ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɚɤɭɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɨɥɧ ɜ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɪɟɞɟ. ɇɚɢɛɨɥɟɟɜɚɠɧɵɦɢɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɵɟɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ Ɋ- ɢ Sɜɨɥɧ. Ʉɚɠɞɚɹɜɨɥɧɚɢɦɟɟɬɞɜɟɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɵɟɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢɜɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɪɟɞɟ: ɫɪɟɞɧɸɸ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɶɧɭɸ. Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɷɬɢɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɨ, ɱɬɨ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɜɨɥɧ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɸɬ ɞɟɬɟɪɦɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɨ ɫ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɨɣ, ɚ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣɧɚɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚɯɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹɩɨɫɬɨɯɚɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭɡɚɤɨɧɭ.

1Ⱦɉ “ɇɚɭɤɚɧɚɮɬɨɝɚɡ” ɇȺɄ “ɇɚɮɬɨɝɚɡ” ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ 2ɅɶɜɨɜɫɤɢɣȽɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣɍɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬȻɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢɀɢɡɧɟɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ 3 3ɇȺɄ “ɇɚɮɬɨɝɚɡ” ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ 4 4ɂȽɎɢɦ. ɋɂ. ɋɭɛɛɨɬɢɧɚɇȺɇɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ

5 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ. ɂɡɜɟɫɬɧɚ ɨɛɳɚɹɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣ Ɋ- ɢ Sɜɨɥɧ: ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɮɢɡɢɤɨɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹɚɤɭɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɜɨɥɧɜɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɪɟɞɟ. ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ. Ⱦɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɊ- ɢ S-ɜɨɥɧɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɵɪɚɡɧɵɟɝɟɨɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɦɟɬɨɞɵ [1-5], ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɲɢɪɨɤɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹɧɚɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟɛɨɥɶɲɟɱɟɦ 80 ɥɟɬ. ɇɚɪɢɫ. 1 ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɟ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɵɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɪɟɞ Ƚɋ), ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɚɩɩɪɨɤɫɢɦɚɰɢɢ, ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟɜɬɚɛɥ. 1. v v v v

z z z z IV – ̨̨̨̛̪̬̣̦̏̽̚- I – ̨̨̨̦̬̦̔̔̌́ ʳʳ - ̛̬̖̦̯̦̐̌̔̌́ ʳʳʳ – ̨̛̬̖̦̯̦̐̌̔- ̸̨̡̛̛̭̥̪̯̯̖̭̌̌́ ̸̨̡̛̛̭̥̪̯̯̖̭̌̌́ v v v v

z z z z

V – ̨̨̨̨̦̬̦̔̔- sʳ – ̨̨̨̨̦̬̦̔̔- sʳʳ – ̨̛̬̖̦̯̦̐̌̔- sʳʳʳ - ̨̺̍̌́ ̨̨̨̛̯̣̭̯̭̣̭̯̌́ ̨̡̨̨̛̯̦̭̣̭̯̌́ ̨̛̭̣̭̯̌́ Ɋɢɫ. 1. ɋɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɵɟɦɨɞɟɥɢɊɜɨɥɧɵɜɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɪɟɞɟ.

Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɝɟɨɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢɦɟɬɨɞɚɦɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ Ɋ- ɢ S-ɜɨɥɧ ɟɫɬɶ ɝɨɞɨɝɪɚɮɵ,,ɜɪɟɦɹɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ” ɜ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɆɋȽɌ), ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ (ɋɄ) ɢ ɚɤɭɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ (ȺɄ) ɤɚɪɨɬɚɠɚɯ. ɋɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɚɦɢ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɷɬɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɹ. Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɪɚɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ȺɄ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜɋɄɢɢɧɬɟɝɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɧɵɯɞɚɧɧɵɯɋɄɞɥɹɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜɆɋȽɌɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬɧɚɫɟɝɨɞɧɹɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɟɬɪɭɞɧɨɫɬɢɞɚɠɟɜɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɯ. ɇɚɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟɬɚɤɚɹɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɹɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɫɹɜɢɡɭɚɥɶɧɨɩɪɢɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɢ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɧɵɯ ɫɟɣɫɦɨɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɚɡɪɟɡɨɜ ɫ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶɸ (5-10 ɦ), ɞɚɠɟ ɜɨɡɥɟ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ. Ⱦɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɨɬɞɚɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɨɬ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɪɟɡɟ ɢ ɨɲɢɛɤɢ ɜ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɵɯɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹɯɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɸɬɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯɞɟɫɹɬɤɨɜɦɟɬɪɨɜ [7]. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɨɣɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɨɣɞɥɹɬɨɱɧɨɣɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɵɯɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ Ɋ- ɢ S-ɜɨɥɧ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦɵɯ ɪɚɡɧɵɦɢ ɝɟɨɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɚɦɢ, ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɮɢɡɢɤɨɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ Ƚɋ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɹɥɚ ɛɵ ɷɬɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ, ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɥɚɢɯɫɜɹɡɶɫɝɟɨɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɷɧɟɪɝɢɟɣɢɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢȽɋɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɭɩɪɭɝɨɫɬɢ. ɂɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ Ɋ- ɢ Sɜɨɥɧ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɬɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɫɟɣɫɦɨɪɚɡɜɟɞɤɢ, ɤɱɟɦɭɫɬɪɟɦɹɬɫɹɜɫɟɦɟɬɨɞɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɸɬɫɹɜɞɚɧɧɨɟɜɪɟɦɹɢ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɵɟɢɧɜɟɪɫɢɟɣ [6, 8, 9].

6 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 1. ɂɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɟɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ5ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɊɜɨɥɧɵɜȽɋɫɝɥɭɛɢɧɨɣ

Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ V(z) tɜ(z) V(tɜ) Vɫɪ(z)

ȱ 1 Vt01E% Vz01 1E 9ɟ˜ Vz01E ln1 E1z 0 V01E ln(1)Ez 1 1 2 1 VzE 11Ez §·02 ȱȱ 2 2 V0¨¸1 Vt 02E% Vz02 1E VE 2( 1Ez 1) 02 ©¹2 2

2 1 2Vz03E 1 3 ªº 2 2 11Ez3 §·2 ªº Vz1E3 «» 3 V1 VtE 311Ez3 03 2VE 0¨¸ 03% «» 2 03¬¼ ©¹3 ¬¼

1 n (n 1) VzE u 1 0n Vz1En n 1 ȱȱȱ 0 n , Vn0 En ( 1) n 1 ªº §·(n  1) nz11En n 1 V1  VtE «» n (n – ɰɟɥɨɟɱɢɫɥɨ) ªº00¨¸n % ¬¼ u11Ezn ©¹n nt1 «» n ¬¼

1rz V V kz kz ªº1e 0 0 V0˜ɟ ¬¼ kz Vk0 1 V kt 1  e  01 akz a˜ bå kz 1 a  be  kz aVeakt1 ȱV ln 0 a bekz  kz akt1 ln ()V0 ab ak v 0 ˜ e b Ve0 kz Ve0

Azn ˜ 1 v n 1 n n VV0 v n 1 V0  Az dV – VV0 AVn ³ n˜ dV (n – ɰɟɥɨɟɱɢɫɥɨ) v 0 ³ V v 0

V Az2 1 2§·V ªº§·1 VVVln 1 2 2 2¨¸00 – «»¨¸Az V0 Az AV 2AzV2  ln1 ©¹0 «»0 ¨¸ ¨¸V0 ¬¼«»©¹

shAzB 2Avt1 % AVz VthAzB() 1 §·1e 1 1 ln VI V ¨¸1 shAzB  ()V V thB V1 shB 1  ln 01 ¨¸2 2 ©¹ucosechB shB

1ªºA§· Bz Vz1 ztln, A «»¨¸ AzE V1  VVa11¬¼©¹ §· za zln1¨¸ – Va A 1 ©¹, ()VV01  V1 a E V 1 VII V E 0 a

1 V 0 ªº 2Vzz0 c 1 2222 z 2 «»z zcc z z arsh 1 z – 222z 2Vzz0cc¬¼ 2 1  2 z zcc z z arsh z z c c

2 z V 0 VIII Vz(1) J 2 Vz(1) J 0 Vz(1) J (1) VtJ 0 0 0 %

5ɉɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɟɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɵɮɭɧɤɰɢɣɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨ [1].

7 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

Ɂɚɞɚɱɚ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ. Ɋɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɮɢɡɢɤɨɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹɚɤɭɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɜɨɥɧɵɜɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɪɟɞɟ. ɉɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɟɦɨɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ. ɉɟɪɜɨɣ ɮɢɡɢɤɨɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɸ ɞɥɹ ɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɣ Ƚɋ, ɨɛɴɹɫɧɹɸɳɟɣ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɞɭɥɹ ɘɧɝɚ, ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɶɧɵɯɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣ Ɋ- ɢ Sɜɨɥɧɫɝɥɭɛɢɧɨɣ, ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɷɧɟɪɝɨɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɂɆȽɋ [10], ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɚɹɜɡɚɞɚɱɚɯɩɨɢɫɤɚɢɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɧɟɮɬɢɢɝɚɡɚɜɪɚɛɨɬɚɯ [11-14, 16-18]. 0 X ɊɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦɂɆȽɋ, ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɧɭɸ ɧɚ l0 w 0 w ɪɢɫ. 2, ɢɟɟɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ, ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɢ e0 ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ, ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 2. W L L WL ɂɆȽɋ - ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɫɜɹɡɶ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ

W ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶɸ Ƚɋ (ɭɩɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɦɨɞɭɥɹɦɢ) ɢ ɝɟɨɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɟɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ww ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹɫɝɥɭɛɢɧɨɣ. w L l0 00L

eL ȼɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɹɹ ɨɛɳɚɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ S 0 Y ɭɩɪɭɝɚɹ) ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɫ ɚ) ɛ) ɫɨɫɪɟɞɨɬɨɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɭɩɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɮɢɡɢɤɨ- Ɋɢɫ. 2. Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɪɟɞɵɫɨɫɚɞɤɨɧɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɢɟɦ. ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟɦ: ɚ) – ɪɟɚɥɶɧɚɹ; ɛ) – ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɚɹ. E0 ew 00 , (1) w0– ɟɞɢɧɢɱɧɵɣɨɛɴɟɦɫɪɟɞɵ; wL– ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚɨɛɴɟɦɚɧɚɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ L; ɝɞɟ: 2 WL– ɪɟɚɥɶɧɚɹɮɨɪɦɚɨɛɴɟɦɚ W ɩɪɢ eV0 U 00P – ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨɦɜɫɟɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɟɦɫɠɚɬɢɢ; ɫɪɟɞɵ, Ⱦɠɦ3; W – ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɣɨɛɴɟɦɞɨɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ L ɧɚɞ S0; 3 3 wl00 – ɟɞɢɧɢɱɧɵɣɨɛɴɟɦɫɪɟɞɵ, 1 ɦ . w=W-W – ɨɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɟɧɧɵɣɨɛɴɟɦ; L Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ w lS ɧɚ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ w – ɨɛɴɟɦ w ɧɚɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ L. 0 00 0L 0 ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ. ȼɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟɨɫɚɞɤɨɧɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ

ɷɬɨɬ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɩɨɝɪɭɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɭ L , ɱɬɨ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟɦ w0  ɞɨ 2 wwL 0 ɢɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟɦ e0 ɞɨ eL . ɇɚɞɟɞɢɧɢɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸ S0 1ɦ ɨɬɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ

L ɞɨɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢɁɟɦɥɢɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɵɜɚɟɬɫɹɨɛɴɟɦ W SL0 . ɇɚ ɪɢɫ. 2ɚ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɚ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɨɫɚɞɤɨɧɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ, ɚ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 2ɛ ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ - ɞɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ (ɭɩɥɨɬɧɟɧɢɹ) ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ,,ɫɬɟɪɠɧɹ” ɩɨɞɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦɝɪɚɜɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨɩɨɥɹ. Ⱦɥɹ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ T=0 ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɹɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹɫɪɟɞɵɜɨɛɴɟɦɟ WLɪɚɜɧɚ:

ELeLWLconstLL() ()˜ () , (2) ɝɞɟ: 11YLW e() L e () Y dY e ( W ) dW - ɫɪɟɞɧɹɹɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶɟɞɢɧɢɱɧɨɝɨ LW³³00 Ylw 00

ɨɛɴɟɦɚɫɪɟɞɵ ww00 L ɜɨɛɴɟɦɟ WL .

8 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 2. ɗɧɟɪɝɨɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟɦɨɞɟɥɢɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɪɟɞɵ

9 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ (2), ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɜ ɡɚɩɢɫɶ ɞɥɹ ɚɪɝɭɦɟɧɬɚ - L, ɜ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦɜɢɞɟ:

wEL we eWL 0 , ɬ. ɤ. EL const (3) wwWWLL

ɢɥɢ, ɫɭɱɟɬɨɦ wWW L , ɜɜɢɞɟ:

111wWLww cw ˜ ˜ const , (4) e WLw e awe w

ɝɞɟ cw ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɣɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɨɛɴɟɦɧɨɝɨɫɠɚɬɢɹɭɩɪɭɝɨɣɫɩɥɨɲɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵɟɞɢɧɢɱɧɨɝɨɨɛɴɟɦɚ; a W const .

ȼ ɨɛɴɟɦɟ WL  ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ cw const , ɧɨ ɜ ɧɟɦ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ e

ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹɨɬ e0 ɞɨ eL , ɬɟ. ɢɦɟɟɬɦɟɫɬɨɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ e0 oo eeL ɜɨɛɴɟɦɟ WL ɩɨɝɟɨɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭɡɚɤɨɧɭ.

Ⱦɥɹɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɡɚɤɨɧɚɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ e0 oo eeL , ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ (4) ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɜɢɞɟ, ɡɚɞɚɜ ɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ: eYle( 00 ); eYLe( ); LwYl( 0 )0 : wYLw() ; aw 0L , ɬɨɝɞɚ

eL w ww weeC . (5) ³³aw ew0 0 Ɉɬɤɭɞɚ: ªº§·w eeL 0 «»1 ln1¨¸ (6) ¬¼©¹w0 L

ɉɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭɜɨɛɴɟɦɟ w0L ɧɚɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ L ɫɪɟɞɚɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɢɡɨɬɪɨɩɧɨɣ

ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶɸ eL const , ɚ ɜ ɨɛɴɟɦɟ WL - ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ

ɚɧɢɡɨɬɪɨɩɢɹ ( e0 oo eeL ) ɦɨɠɟɬɛɵɬɶɡɚɦɟɧɟɧɚɧɚɫɪɟɞɭɫɢɡɨɬɪɨɩɧɨɣ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶɸ e const , ɬɨɞɥɹɨɛɟɢɯɫɪɟɞ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 2) ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɵ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ:

­'ELL eW ˜' ® , (7) ¯E00LLL ew˜ ɝɞɟ:

'WWWwLL  , ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɤɨɬɨɪɨɦɭ, ɩɪɢ ee L ɜɬɨɱɤɟ L, ɦɨɠɧɨɫɞɟɥɚɬɶɡɚɦɟɧɭ: w'E L. (8) wE00LL

10 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

Ɉɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɢɜ ɩɨɞɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɭ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ (8) ɜ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ (6) ɢ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɹ, ɱɬɨ

ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɩɪɢ Wo WL ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ 2 ɝɟɨɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ EÃL ' E 0,5U gLS0 , ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɦɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ: ­½ °°ªºELÃ() eLeL( ) 0 ®¾ 1 ln1«», (9) ¯¿°°¬¼EL0L() ɝɞɟ: 2 2 EÃo( L ) 0,5U gLS – ɝɟɨɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹ ɧɚɞ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸ S0 = 1ɦ  ɧɚ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ L, Ⱦɠ; 2 3 E00L() L U V p cp Lw – ɨɛɳɚɹ ɭɩɪɭɝɚɹ (ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ) ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹ w0 =1ɦ  Ƚɋ ɧɚ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ L, Ⱦɠ; 2 eV0 U 00p – ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɧɚ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ, Ⱦɠɦ3 ɉɚ); 2 eLVLL() U P cp ()– ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɪɟɞɵɧɚɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ L, Ⱦɠɦ3 ɉɚ);

UU0 , – ɦɚɫɫɨɜɵɟ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɧɚ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɧɚ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ L, ɤɝɦ3;

VVp0 , p cp – ɫɪɟɞɧɢɟɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ Ɋɜɨɥɧɵɧɚɡɟɦɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢɢɧɚɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ L, ɦɫ; g = 9,81 – ɭɫɤɨɪɟɧɢɟɫɢɥɵɬɹɠɟɫɬɢ, ɦɫ2 (ɩɪɢɧɹɬɚɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɣ). ɍɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ (9) ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ - ɡɚɤɨɧ ɚɧɢɡɨɬɪɨɩɢɢ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ, ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɦ ɨɫɚɞɤɨɧɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ, ɢ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɨɚɜɬɨɪɨɦ [10] ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣɦɨɞɟɥɶɸɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɪɟɞɵ (ɂɆȽɋ). ɍɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ (9) ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹɟɞɢɧɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɦɚɜɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɪɟɞɟɩɪɢɩɨɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɢɟɝɨɧɚɝɥɭɛɢɧɭ. Ⱦɪɭɝɢɦɢɫɥɨɜɚɦɢ, ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ, ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɩɪɭɝɢɯ ɮɢɡɢɤɨɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ, ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ Ƚɋ ɫ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɨɣ, ɬɟ. ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɝɟɨɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɜɨ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɸɸɷɧɟɪɝɢɸɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɪɟɞɵ. Ʉɪɨɦɟɬɨɝɨ, ɦɨɞɟɥɶ (9) ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɨɰɟɧɤɭ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɟ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɡɚɬɪɚɬɧɚɛɭɪɟɧɢɟɝɥɭɛɨɤɢɯɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɢɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɷɧɟɪɝɨɟɦɤɨɫɬɶɝɨɪɧɵɯɩɨɪɨɞ. ɂɆȽɋ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɭɸ ɧɨɜɭɸ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɨ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɯ ɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɣ Ƚɋ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɫ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɨɣ, ɩɪɢ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɢ ɡɚɞɚɱɝɟɨɮɢɡɢɤɢ: 1) ɨɰɟɧɤɢɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɦɨɞɭɥɹɘɧɝɚ; 2) ɨɰɟɧɤɢɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɦɨɞɭɥɹɘɧɝɚ; 3) ɨɰɟɧɤɢɫɪɟɞɧɟɣɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ Ɋɜɨɥɧɵ; 4) ɨɰɟɧɤɢɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɶɧɨɣɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ Ɋɜɨɥɧɵ.

11 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

Ⱦɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɨɰɟɧɨɤ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɂɆȽɋ ɩɪɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ. ȼɨɩɟɪɜɵɯ, ɡɚɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɭɩɪɭɝɢɯ ɮɢɡɢɤɨɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ

ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜɧɚɡɟɦɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢȽɋ: UU0 const , g const , Vp0 const . ȼɨɜɬɨɪɵɯ, ɡɚɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɞɥɹ ɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɭɩɪɭɝɨɣ Ƚɋ ɫ ɚɧɢɡɨɬɪɨɩɢɟɣ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ: ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɩɪɨɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ, ɫɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɶɧɨɣɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣɊɜɨɥɧɵ, ɦɨɞɭɥɹɘɧɝɚ, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ, ɜɜɢɞɟ:

LV p cp Lt ˜, (10)

§·0,5gLt22§· VLVVg 1ln1  1ln10,5  , (11) pcppp 00¨¸2¨¸ ©¹Vllp cp 00©¹

dL dVL V LV Lt ˜ p cp , (12) dtp in p cp dt

11 2 ªºªº11VV E U VLp «»«» OP2 , (13) ¬¼¬¼ 121VV 121  VV ɝɞɟ ı - ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɉɭɚɫɫɨɧɚ. ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɨɫɬɢɂɆȽɋɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɚɫɶɩɭɬɺɦɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣ Ɋɜɨɥɧɵ ɫ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ȺɄ ɢ ɋɄ ɜɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɚɯ. Ɍɚɤ, ɧɚɪɢɫ. 3 ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɵ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣ: ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟɩɨ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ (11), ɢ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ (ɋɄ) ɩɨ ɬɪɟɦ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɚɦ Ⱥɛɚɡɨɜɫɤɨɣɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ. ɂɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɶɧɚɹɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯɧɚɪɢɫ. 3, ɞɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ 3 ɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ (11) ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɦ, ɩɪɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ: UUo 2600 ɤɝɦ , 2 3 g 9,81 ɦɫ , V0-fact = 1,7·10 ɦɫ. Ɉɩɵɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ (9)-(13) ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥ, ɱɬɨ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɬ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣ Ɋɜɨɥɧɵ ɦɨɠɧɨɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɶɩɭɬɟɦɭɱɟɬɚɜɦɨɞɟɥɢ (9) ɛɨɤɨɜɵɯɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɣɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɣ ɭɩɪɭɝɨɫɬɢ [15]. Ɍɚɤ, ɞɥɹ ɫɬɟɪɠɧɹ ɨɛɴɟɦɨɦ WL 3 , ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɪɢɫ. 2 ɛ), ɩɪɢ ɫɠɚɬɢɢ ɩɨɞ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɜɟɫɨɦ, ɨɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ, ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɛɨɤɨɜɵɯɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɣ, ɨɰɟɧɢɜɚɟɬɫɹɮɨɪɦɭɥɨɣ: Ug 'wLS 2 >12V@ , (14) 2E 0 ɝɞɟ E– ɦɨɞɭɥɶɘɧɝɚ, ɇɦ2. ɍɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ (14) ɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɟɬ ɩɨɜɵɫɢɬɶ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɂɆȽɋ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɭɱɟɬɚ ɛɨɤɨɜɵɯ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɣ, ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯɧɚɤɭɛɨɛɴɟɦɨɦ L3.

12 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

Vp-fact Vp-teor

ɫ 5 / ɦ ɤ

4 , ɵ

ɧ 3 ɥ

ɨ ɜ 2 ɶ

ɬ ɚ) ɫ

ɨ 1 ɪ ɨ

ɤ 0 ɋ 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000

Ƚɥɭɛɢɧɚɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵʋ 24, ɦ

Vp-fact Vp-teor

ɫ 5 / ɦ ɤ

, 4 ɵ ɧ

ɥ 3 ɨ ɜ

ɶ

ɬ 2 ɫ ɨ ɪ

ɨ 1 ɛ) ɤ ɋ 0 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000

Ƚɥɭɛɢɧɚɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵʋ 6, ɦ

Vp-fact Vp-teor

5 ɫ / ɦ

ɤ

4 , ɵ

ɧ ɥ 3 ɨ ɜ

ɶ ɬ 2 ɫ ɨ

ɪ ɨ 1 ɫ) ɤ ɋ 0 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

Ƚɥɭɛɢɧɚɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵʋ 2, ɦ

Ɋɢɫ. 3. Ƚɨɞɨɝɪɚɮɵɫɪɟɞɧɢɯɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹɩɪɨɞɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɊɜɨɥɧɵɜȽɋ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯɩɨɞɚɧɧɵɦɋɄɜɫɤɜ. ʋ2, ʋ6, ʋ24 Ⱥɛɚɡɨɜɫɤɨɣɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ: fact – ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ, teor - ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɡɚɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ (11) [11].

13 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɇɚɪɢɫ. 4 ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ F V , f ()V , ɝɞɟɦɨɞɭɥɶɘɧɝɚɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɥɫɹɜ

ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɟɞɢɧɢɰɚɯɩɨɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ E 1 . 2 f ()V UVp

1 2 3 4 3 5 1 2

4

5

Ɋɢɫ. 4. ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ F(ı), f(ı), f(ı)-1, ɜɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢɨɬɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚɉɭɚɫɫɨɧɚ.

ɉɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ:

ªº11VVªº VEK2 23 Up OP «» «», (15) ¬¼«» 1211VVV ¬¼ ɝɞɟ K - ɨɛɴɺɦɧɵɣ ɦɨɞɭɥɶ ɭɩɪɭɝɨɫɬɢ, ɬɨ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ w ɦɨɞɟɥɢ (8), ɛɭɞɟɬ ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɚɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɚɹɮɨɪɦɭɥɚ: Uggg U UVªº1 wwLS ' 2221  2V  LSf 12  VV ˜ ()  LS ˜ > @ 022> @ 00«», (15.1) 2EVV 2˜Upp 21 ˜ UV¬¼ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ: ­½ °°ªºELÃ() eLeFïî() ïî ®¾ 1˜ ln1«» V , (16) ¯¿°°¬¼ELo() §·0,5gLt22§· VLV 1 ln¨¸ 1 ˜ FVV V 1 ln 1 0,5 gF ˜ p 00¨¸2 ¨¸ , (17) ©¹VLllp 00©¹ 1V 1V f()V ɝɞɟ: F V 121VV ɥɢɧɟɣɧɚɹ ɢ ɨɛɴɟɦɧɚɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɨɬ 1V, ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚɉɭɚɫɫɨɧɚ.

14 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɇɚɪɢɫ. 5-7 ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢɫɪɟɞɧɢɯɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣ Ɋɜɨɥɧɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɵɝɟɨɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ - ɋɄ, ɩɨɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ (11) ɛɟɡɭɱɟɬɚɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɉɭɚɫɫɨɧɚ ɢ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ (17) ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɉɭɚɫɫɨɧɚ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɹɯ ɞɥɹ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɡɚɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ.

1 2 3 1

3 2

Ɋɢɫ. 5. ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣ Ɋɜɨɥɧɵ: ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɜ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɟʋ35 Ȼɚɣɪɚɰɤɨɣɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ, ɦɨɞɟɥɢ (11) ɛɟɡɭɱɟɬɚɤɨɷɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚɉɭɚɫɫɨɧɚ, ɦɨɞɟɥɢ (17) ɫɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɨɦɉɭɚɫɫɨɧɚ; ɢɩɨɝɪɟɲɧɨɫɬɟɣɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ (11) ɢ (17) ɞɥɹɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɵɯɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɯɭɫɥɨɜɢɣɧɚɡɟɦɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ.

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Ɋɢɫ. 6. ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣ Ɋɜɨɥɧɵ: ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɜ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɟ ʋ4 Ⱦɪɨɛɵɲɢɜɫɤɨɣ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ, ɦɨɞɟɥɢ (11) ɛɟɡ ɭɱɟɬɚ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɉɭɚɫɫɨɧɚ, ɦɨɞɟɥɢ (17) ɫɨɫɪɟɞɧɢɦɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɨɦɉɭɚɫɫɨɧɚ 0.29; ɢɩɨɝɪɟɲɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ (11) ɢ (17) ɞɥɹɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɵɯɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɯɭɫɥɨɜɢɣɧɚɡɟɦɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ.

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Ɋɢɫ. 7. ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢɫɪɟɞɧɢɯɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣ Ɋɜɨɥɧɵ: ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟɜ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɟʋ12 Ⱦɪɨɛɵɲɢɜɫɤɨɣɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ, ɦɨɞɟɥɢ (11) ɛɟɡɭɱɟɬɚɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɉɭɚɫɫɨɧɚ, ɦɨɞɟɥɢ (17) ɫɨɫɪɟɞɧɢɦɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɨɦɉɭɚɫɫɨɧɚ 0.39; ɢɩɨɝɪɟɲɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ (11) ɢ (17) ɞɥɹɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɵɯɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɯɭɫɥɨɜɢɣɧɚɡɟɦɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ.

ȼɵɜɨɞɵ 1 ɂɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣ ɊɜɨɥɧɵɜȽɋ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢɨɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɯɩɥɚɫɬɨɜ. 2 Ɏɢɡɢɤɨɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɦɨɞɟɥɢ (ʋ3, ʋ4, ʋ6 ɜɬɚɛɥ. 2) ɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɫ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɚɧɢɡɨɬɪɨɩɢɟɣ ɩɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ ɬɹɝɨɬɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɂɆȽɋ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɨɛ ɭɩɪɭɝɢɯ ɮɢɡɢɤɨɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɯ ɝɨɪɧɵɯɩɨɪɨɞ ɢ ɤɢɧɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɯ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ Ɋɜɨɥɧɵ. 3 ɍɱɟɬ ɜ ɂɆȽɋ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɉɭɚɫɫɨɧɚ ɩɨɜɵɲɚɟɬ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɤ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɜ Ƚɋ, ɚ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ, ɝɪɚɜɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɦɭ ɫɠɚɬɢɸ 1 ɦ3 ɝɨɪɧɵɯɩɨɪɨɞ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɤ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɸ ɭɩɪɭɝɢɯɦɨɞɭɥɟɣɢɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣ Ɋɜɨɥɧɵɫɝɥɭɛɢɧɨɣ. 4 Ɏɢɡɢɤɨɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɂɆȽɋ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɪɟɲɚɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɝɟɨɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɡɚɞɚɱɢ: - ɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɵɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ: ȺɄ, ɋɄ, ɆɋȽɌ ɢ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɛɭɪɟɧɢɹ [13]; - ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɸɫɟɣɫɦɨɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɪɚɡɪɟɡɨɜɜɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɢɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ; - ɜɵɹɜɥɹɬɶ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ, ɜɵɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɧɟɫɨɜɩɚɞɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ Ɋɜɨɥɧɵ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɬɶ ɢɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ; - ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɬɶɷɧɟɪɝɨɟɦɤɨɫɬɶɝɨɪɧɵɯɩɨɪɨɞ [16];

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- ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɬɶɝɟɨɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɝɨɪɧɵɯɩɨɪɨɞ [14]; - ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɬɶɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɩɥɚɫɬɨɜɨɝɨɮɥɸɢɞɚ [14]; - ɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵɜɨɥɧɨɜɨɝɨɩɨɥɹɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣɡɟɦɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɯ, ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɜ ɆɋȽɌ, ɫ ɤɢɧɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ Ɋɜɨɥɧɵ ɢ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ ɩɥɚɫɬɨɜ Ƚɋ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɯɜɦɟɬɨɞɟɋɄ [17]; - ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɬɶ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɩɥɚɫɬɨɜ Ƚɋ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɦɨɞɟɥɢʋ3 ɨɬɦɨɞɟɥɢʋ6 ɢɡɬɚɛɥ. 2, ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɨɣ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɟɣɫɦɨɬɪɚɫ ɆɋȽɌ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɵɢɱɚɫɬɨɬɵɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɵɷɧɟɪɝɨɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɦɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ [18]. 5. ɗɧɟɪɝɨɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ Ƚɋ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɩɪɨɡɪɚɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɸȽɋ.

Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ 1. ɋɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɢɤɝɟɨɮɢɡɢɤɚ. Ɍ. 4. ɋɟɣɫɦɨɪɚɡɜɟɞɤɚ. – Ɇ.: ɇɟɞɪɚ, 1966. – 750 ɫ. 2. ɋɟɣɫɦɨɪɚɡɜɟɞɤɚ. ɋɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɢɤ ɝɟɨɮɢɡɢɤɚ /ɉɨɞ. Ɋɟɞ. ɂɂ. Ƚɭɪɜɢɱɚ, ȼɉ. ɇɨɦɨɤɨɦɨɜɚ. – Ɇ.: ɇɟɞɪɚ, 1981. – 464 ɫ. 3. ɄɪɚɫɢɥɶɧɢɤɨɜȼȺ., Ʉɪɵɥɨɜȼȼ. ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟɜɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɭɸɚɤɭɫɬɢɤɭ. – Ɇ.: ɇɚɭɤɚ, 1984. – 400 ɫ. 4. Ⱦɶɟɥɟɫɚɧɗ., ɊɭɚɣɧɟȾ. ɍɩɪɭɝɢɟɜɨɥɧɵɜɬɜɟɪɞɵɯɬɟɥɚɯ. – Ɇ.: ɇɚɭɤɚ, 1982. – 424 ɫ. 5. ɄɚɪɚɫɢɤȼɆ. ɂɡɭɱɟɧɢɟɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɜɨɥɧɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɦɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ. – Ɇ.: ɇɟɞɪɚ,. – 220 ɫ. 6. ɋɬɚɪɨɞɭɛ ɘɉ. Ɉɛɟɪɧɟɧɚ ɞɢɧɚɦɿɱɧɚ ɡɚɞɚɱɚ ɫɟɣɫɦɿɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɜɢɜɱɟɧɧɹ ɛɭɞɨɜɢ ɡɟɦɧɨʀɤɨɪɢ. - Ʌɶɜɿɜ: ɋɜɿɬ, 1998. – 112 c. 7. Ȼɨɝɚɧɢɤ Ƚɇ., Ƚɭɪɜɢɱ ɂɂ. ɋɟɣɫɦɨɪɚɡɜɟɞɤɚ. Ɍɜɟɪɶ: ɂɡɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ Ⱥɂɋ, 2006. – 744 ɫ. 8. Ⱥɦɩɢɥɨɜ ɘɉ., Ȼɚɪɤɨɜ Ⱥɘ., əɤɨɜɥɟɜ ɂ ȼ., Ɏɢɥɢɩɩɨɜɚ Ʉȿ., ɉɪɢɟɡɠɟɜ ɂɂ. ɉɨɱɬɢɜɫɟɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɢɧɜɟɪɫɢɢ. ɑɚɫɬɶ 1. Ɍɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢɫɟɣɫɦɨɪɚɡɜɟɞɤɢ, 2009, ʋ4, – ɋ. 3-16. 9. əɤɨɜɥɟɜɂ. ȼ., Ⱥɦɩɢɥɨɜɘ. ɉ., ɎɢɥɢɩɩɨɜɚɄ. ȿ. ɉɨɱɬɢɜɫɟɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢɧɜɟɪɫɢɢ. ɑɚɫɬɶ 2. Ɍɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢɫɟɣɫɦɨɪɚɡɜɟɞɤɢ, 2011, ʋ1. – ɋ. 5-15. 10. Ʉɚɪɩɟɧɤɨ ȼɆ. Ɏɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɿɡɚɤɨɧɢɟɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɧɨɝɨɦɟɬɚɦɨɪɮɿɡɦɭɫɭɰɿɥɶɧɢɯ ɫɟɪɟɞɨɜɢɳɡɩɪɭɠɧɢɦɢɜɥɚɫɬɢɜɨɫɬɹɦɢ// Ɂɛ. ɧɚɭɤ. ɩɪ.: Ɇɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɢ 6-ɨʀ Ɇɿɠɧɚɪɨɞɧɨʀ ɧɚɭɤɨɜɨɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɧɨʀ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɿʀ ,,ɇɚɮɬɚ ɿ ɝɚɡ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ-2000”. ȱ.- ɎɪɚɧɤɿɜɫɶɤɨʀȾɇȽȺʋ2. ȱ.-Ɏɪɚɧɤɿɜɫɶɤ. -2000.. –ɋ. 290-292. 11. ȾɭɞɥɹɆȺ., ɄɚɪɩɟɧɤɨȼɆ., ȽɪɢɧɹɤɈȺ. ɐɡɹɧȽɨɲɟɧ. Ⱥɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɿɹɩɪɨɰɟɫɭ ɛɭɪɿɧɧɹ: ɦɨɧɨɝɪɚɮɿɹ. – Ⱦɧɿɩɪɨɩɟɬɪɨɜɫɶɤ: ɇɚɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɢɣɝɿɪɧɢɱɢɣɭɧɿɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ. – 2005. – 207 ɫ. 12. ɋɬɚɫɟɧɤɨ ȼ. Ɇ., Ʉɚɪɩɟɧɤɨ ȼ. Ɇ., Ʉɨɡɚɱɟɧɤɨ Ɇ. ȱ. Ɍɟɯɧɿɤɚ ɿ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɿɹ ɨɰɿɧɸɜɚɧɧɹɬɚɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɭɜɚɧɧɹɝɟɨɛɚɪɢɱɧɨɝɨɬɚɧɚɩɪɭɠɟɧɨɞɟɮɨɪɦɨɜɚɧɨɝɨɫɬɚɧɭ ɝɿɪɫɶɤɨɝɨ ɦɚɫɢɜɭ ɩɿɞ ɱɚɫ ɛɭɪɿɧɧɹ ɝɥɢɛɨɤɢɯ ɧɚɮɬɨɜɢɯ ɿ ɝɚɡɨɜɢɯ ɫɜɟɪɞɥɨɜɢɧ. ɇɚɮɬɨɜɚɿɝɚɡɨɜɚɩɪɨɦɢɫɥɨɜɿɫɬɶ. ʋ3.- 2008. – ɋ.21-25. 13. Ʉɚɪɩɟɧɤɨ ȼ. Ɇ., ɋɬɚɫɟɧɤɨ ȼɆ., ɉɨɥɿɬɭɱɢɣ Ɉȱ., Ʉɚɪɩɟɧɤɨ Ɉȼ. Ƚɟɨɮɿɡɢɱɧɿ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹɝɟɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɨɝɨɫɟɪɟɞɨɜɢɳɚɫɭɱɚɫɧɢɦɢɬɟɯɧɿɱɧɢɦɢɡɚɫɨɛɚɦɢɛɭɪɿɧɧɹ

17 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɝɥɢɛɨɤɢɯɿɧɚɞɝɥɢɛɨɤɢɯɫɜɟɪɞɥɨɜɢɧɧɚɧɚɮɬɭɿɝɚɡ / ɡɛɿɪɧ. ɧɚɭɤ. ɩɪɚɰɶ Ɇɿɠɧɚɪɨɞɧɨʀ ɧɚɭɤɨɜɨɬɟɯɧɿɱɧɨʀ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɿʀ // ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɢ ɬɚ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɢ ɪɨɡɜɢɬɤɭɧɚɮɬɨɝɚɡɨɜɨɝɨɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɭ. – ɉɨɥɬɚɜɚ. – 2012. – ɋ.54-64 14. Ʉɚɪɩɟɧɤɨ ȼɆ., ɋɬɚɪɨɞɭɛ ɘɉ., Ƚɥɚɞɭɧ ȼȼ., ɋɬɚɫɟɧɤɨ ȼɆ., ȿɧɟɪɝɨɿɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɿɣɧɢɣ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɝɟɨɮɿɡɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɪɟɞɨɜɢɳɚ ɡ ɨɰɿɧɤɢ ɿ ɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɩɥɚɫɬɨɜɢɯ (ɩɨɪɨɜɢɯ) ɬɢɫɤɿɜ. ɇɚɮɬɨɜɚ ɿ ɝɚɡɨɜɚɩɪɨɦɢɫɥɨɜɿɫɬɶ. ʋ2. - 2012. – ɋ. 3-7. 15. ɅɚɧɞɚɭɅȾ., ɅɢɮɲɢɰȿɆ. Ɍɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɮɢɡɢɤɚ. ȼ 10-ɬɢɬ. Ɍɨɦ VII. Ɍɟɨɪɢɹ ɭɩɪɭɝɨɫɬɢ: ɍɱɟɛ. ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ. – 4-ɟɢɡɞ. ɢɫɩɪ. ɢɞɨɩ. – Ɇ.: ɇɚɭɤɚ, Ƚɥ. ɪɟɞ. ɮɢɡ.-ɦɚɬ. ɥɢɬ., 1987. – 248 ɫ. 16. ɋɬɚɫɟɧɤɨȼ. Ɇ., Ʉɚɪɩɟɧɤɨȼ. Ɇ., ȻɭɧɹɤȻɌ., ɌɢɦɚɯȼȽ. Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɟɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹ ɞɨɥɿɬ ɞɥɹ ɛɭɪɿɧɧɹ ɫɜɟɪɞɥɨɜɢɧ ɧɚ ɧɚɮɬɭ ɿ ɝɚɡ. ɇɚɮɬɨɜɚ ɿ ɝɚɡɨɜɚ ɩɪɨɦɢɫɥɨɜɿɫɬɶ. ʋ1. - 2008. – ɋ.29-35. 17. ɄɚɪɩɟɧɤɨȼɆ. Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɿɦɩɭɥɶɫɧɨʀɫɟɣɫɦɨɪɨɡɜɿɞɤɢ. Ƚɟɨɿɧɮɨɪɦɚɬɢɤɚ. ʋ1. 2012. – ɋ. 63-77. 18. Ʉɚɪɩɟɧɤɨ ȼɆ., ɋɬɚɪɨɞɭɛ ɘɉ., Ʉɚɪɩɟɧɤɨ Ɉȼ., Ȼɚɫɧɽɜ ȯɈ. Ⱦɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɟɧɟɪɝɨɿɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɿɣɧɨɝɨɦɟɬɨɞɭɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹɝɟɨɮɿɡɢɱɧɢɯɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɿɜɝɟɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɪɟɞɨɜɢɳɚ ɡɚ ɞɚɧɢɦɢ ɫɟɣɫɦɨɪɨɡɜɿɞɤɢ. Ƚɟɨɞɢɧɚɦɿɤɚ. 2(11)/2011. ɇɚɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɢɣ ɭɧɿɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ,,Ʌɶɜɿɜɫɶɤɚɩɨɥɿɬɟɯɧɿɤɚ”. Ʌɶɜɿɜ. –2011. – ɋ.107-109. Primit la redacĠie –16 decembrie 2013

18 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɍȾɄ 551.763:563.12(477.6-17) ȼɟɤɥɢɱȿ. Ⱦ.*

Ʉɜɨɩɪɨɫɭɨɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɢɫɪɟɞɧɟɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɨɝɨɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɚɜɜɟɪɯɧɟɦɟɥɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɯɫɟɜɟɪɧɨɣɨɤɪɚɢɧɵȾɨɧɛɚɫɫɚɩɨɮɚɭɧɟɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪ

Abstract The systematic composition of foraminifera from v. Sɿdorovɨ and v. Sbornoe sections of the northern outskirts of the Donbass was analyzed. The typical foraminifer complex can be correlated to the Brotzenella monterelensis zone. The marls were aged as the Middle Campanian. Middle substage of Campanian stage was detected on benthic foraminifers from the Upper Cretaceous deposits of the northern outskirts of the Donbass in the volume of foraminiferal zones Bronzenella monterelensis.

Rezumat În articol este analăzată compoziĠia sistematică a foraminiferelor din aflorimentele s.Sidorova úi s. Sbornoe a extremităĠii nordice a Donbasului. A fost definit complexul caracteristic al foraminiferelor, care corespunde zonei Brotzenella monterelensis. A fost datată vârsta ca Companin mijlociu. A fost separat subetajul mijlociu al Companianului din depozitele Cretaciului Superior a extremităĠii nordice a Donbasului în cadrul de foraminifere Brotzenella monterelensis.

Ɋɟɡɸɦɟ ɉɪɨɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɫɨɫɬɚɜɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɢɡɨɛɧɚɠɟɧɢɣɫ. ɋɢɞɨɪɨɜɨ ɢɫ. ɋɛɨɪɧɨe ɫɟɜɟɪɧɨɣɨɤɪɚɢɧɵȾɨɧɛɚɫɫɚ. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɣɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɟɬ ɡɨɧɟ Brotzenella monterelensis. Ⱦɚɬɢɪɨɜɚɧ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɢɣ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬ ɦɟɪɝɟɥɶɧɢɯ ɩɨɪɨɞ. ȼɵɞɟɥɟɧ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɣ ɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɹɪɭɫɚ ɩɨ ɛɟɧɬɨɫɧɵɦ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɚɦ ɢɡ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɦɟɥɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɫɟɜɟɪɧɨɣ ɨɤɪɚɢɧɵ Ⱦɨɧɛɚɫɫɚ ɜ ɨɛɴɟɦɟ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɨɜɨɣɡɨɧɵ Brotzenella monterelensis.

ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ȼɫɜɹɡɢɫɦɨɞɟɪɧɢɡɚɰɢɟɣɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɫɯɟɦɮɚɧɟɪɨɡɨɹɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ 1993 ɝ. [1], ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɜɲɟɣɫɹ ɜ ɂȽɇ ɇȺɇ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɫ 2009-2012 ɝɝ., ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɧɨɣ ɬɟɦɵ: «ɋɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɦɨɞɟɪɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɯɟɦ ɮɚɧɟɪɨɡɨɣɫɤɢɯ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ» (ɲɢɮɪ IV-I-09), ɛɵɥ ɩɨɞɧɹɬ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɢɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɚɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɨɝɨɹɪɭɫɚɜɜɟɪɯɧɟɦɟɥɨɜɵɯɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɯɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ. ɍɱɢɬɵɜɚɹ ɬɨ, ɱɬɨ ɜ Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɲɤɚɥɟ (Ɇɋɒ) Ogg J.G, Ogg G., Gradstein F.M. 2008 ɝ. [2] ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ

* ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɧɚɭɤɇȺɇɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ. ɭɥ. Ɉ. Ƚɨɧɱɚɪɚ, 55-ɛ, 01054, Ʉɢɟɜ, ɍɤɪɚɢɧɚ E-mail: [email protected]

19 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɹɪɭɫɚ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɬɪɢ ɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɚ - ɧɢɠɧɢɣ, ɫɪɟɞɧɢɣ ɢ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɣ, ɚ ɜ ɧɵɧɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ 1993 ɝ. [1] ɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɢɣ ɹɪɭɫ ɞɟɥɢɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɜɚ ɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɚ – ɧɢɠɧɢɣ ɢ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɣ, ɜɨɡɧɢɤɥɢ ɬɪɭɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢ ɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɯɟɦ ɢ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɢ ɨɞɧɨɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ. Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɟɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɟɣ ɛɵɥɚ ɦɟɠɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɹɜɟɪɯɧɟɦɟɥɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɫ ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɚɦɢ Ɇɋɒ 2008 ɝ. [2], ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɫɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɣ (Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ, Ȼɟɥɚɪɭɫɶ ɢ ɞɪ.). Ⱥɜɬɨɪ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɥ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟɜɦɨɞɟɪɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɯɟɦ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɦɟɥɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ȾɧɟɩɪɨɜɫɤɨȾɨɧɟɰɤɨɣ ɜɩɚɞɢɧɵ (ȾȾȼ), ɫɟɜɟɪɧɨɣ ɢ ɸɠɧɨɣ ɨɤɪɚɢɧ Ⱦɨɧɛɚɫɫɚ. Ɇɨɞɟɪɧɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɧɚɦɢ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɦɟɥɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɫɟɜɟɪɧɨɣ ɨɤɪɚɢɧɵ Ⱦɨɧɛɚɫɫɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɲɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɨɜ ɂɜɚɧɧɢɤɨɜ Ⱥȼ., Ʌɢɩɧɢɤ ȿɋ., ɉɥɨɬɧɢɤɨɜɚ ɅɎ. ɢ ɞɪ. [3]), ɞɨɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɢ ɧɚɲɢɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɮɚɭɧɵ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪ ɢɡ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɧɢɠɧɟɝɨ ɬɭɪɨɧɚ, ɧɢɠɧɟɝɨ, ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɢ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɝɨ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɢɠɧɟɝɨ ɦɚɚɫɬɪɢɯɬɚ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɝɨɨɬɞɟɥɚɦɟɥɨɜɨɣɫɢɫɬɟɦɵɷɬɨɝɨɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ. ȼɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɯɟɦɟ 1993 ɝ. [1] ɫɢɞɨɪɨɜɫɤɚɹɫɜɢɬɚɫɟɜɟɪɧɨɣɨɤɪɚɢɧɵ Ⱦɨɧɛɚɫɫɚɨɬɧɟɫɟɧɚɤɜɟɪɯɧɟɦɭɤɚɦɩɚɧɭ. ɋɜɢɬɚɛɵɥɚɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɚɂɜɚɧɧɢɤɨɜɵɦȺȼ., ȻɥɚɧɤɨɦɆə., ɄɚɪɟɥɨɜɵɦɆɂ. ɢɞɪ. ɜ 1991ɝ . [3]. ɇɚɡɜɚɧɢɟɩɨɥɭɱɢɥɚɨɬ ɫ. ɋɢɞɨɪɨɜɨ ɋɥɚɜɹɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ Ⱦɨɧɟɰɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚ ɩɪɚɜɨɦ ɛɟɪɟɝɭ ɪɟɤɢ ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɢɣ Ⱦɨɧɟɰ. ɋɜɢɬɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɦɟɥɨɦ, ɦɟɪɝɟɥɹɦɢ ɦɟɥɨɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɦɢ, ɞɟɬɪɢɬɨɜɵɦɢ, ɤɪɟɦɧɟɡɟɦɢɫɬɵɦɢ, ɨɤɪɟɦɧɟɥɵɦɢ ɢ ɞɪ., ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɟɫɤɚɦɢ ɝɥɚɭɤɨɧɢɬɨɜɨɤɜɚɰɟɜɵɦɢ ɫ ɦɚɤɪɨɮɚɭɧɨɣ: Inoceramus azerbaydjanensis Aliev, Belemnitella mucronata Schloth., Hoplitoplacenticeras coesfeldiense Schluet., Bostrychoceras polyplocum Roem. ɇɚ ɫɟɜɟɪɧɨɣ ɨɤɪɚɢɧɟ Ⱦɨɧɛɚɫɫɚ ɷɬɚ ɫɜɢɬɚɪɚɫɱɥɟɧɟɧɚɧɚɫɟɦɶɩɨɞɫɜɢɬ: 1 – ɫɟɧɬɹɧɨɜɫɶɤɭɸ, 2 – ɬɚɪɚɫɨɜɫɤɭɸ, 3 - ɪɨɡɚɥɢɧɨɜɫɤɭɸ, 4 – ɦɚɳɢɧɫɤɭɸ, 5 – ɬɨɱɢɥɶɧɟɧɫɤɭɸ, 6 – ɝɟɨɪɝɢɟɜɫɤɭɸ ɢ 7 - ɦɟɧɱɢɤɭɪɨɜɫɤɭɸ. ɉɟɪɜɵɟ ɬɪɢ ɩɨɞɫɜɢɬɵ ɨɬɧɟɫɟɧɵ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɚɦɢ- ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɤ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɪɚɡɪɟɡɚ, ɚ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɱɟɬɵɪɟ - ɤ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ . Ɇɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɟɬ 300 ɦ. ɋɜɢɬɚ ɡɚɥɟɝɚɟɬ ɧɟɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɧɚ ɤɪɢɜɨɥɭɤɫɤɨɣɫɜɢɬɟ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɤɪɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɧɨɩɥɹɧɨɜɫɤɨɣ ɫɜɢɬɨɣ. Ɋɚɧɟɟ ɫɢɞɨɪɨɜɫɤɚɹɫɜɢɬɚɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɚ ɜɫɟɦɭ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɨɦɭ ɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɭ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɩɪɟɞɲɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɟ 1993 ɝ. [1]), ɧɨ ɬɟɩɟɪɶ, ɩɪɢ ɬɪɟɯɱɥɟɧɧɨɦɞɟɥɟɧɢɢɤɚɦɩɚɧɚ, ɟɟɧɢɠɧɹɹɱɚɫɬɶɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬɫɪɟɞɧɟɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɨɦɭ ɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɭ ɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɬɪɢ ɩɨɞɫɜɢɬɵ - ɫɟɧɬɹɧɨɜɫɤɭɸ, ɬɚɪɚɫɨɜɫɤɭɸ, ɪɨɡɚɥɢɧɨɜɫɤɭɸ. ȼɟɪɯɧɹɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɪɚɡɪɟɡɚ ɫɢɞɨɪɨɜɫɤɨɣ ɫɜɢɬɵ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɤ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɨɦɭ ɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɭ ɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɦɚɳɢɧɫɤɭɸ, ɬɨɱɢɥɶɧɟɧɫɤɭɸ, ɝɟɨɪɝɢɟɜɫɤɭɸɢɦɟɧɱɢɤɭɪɨɜɫɤɭɸɩɨɞɫɜɢɬɵ. ȼ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɟ 1993 ɝ. [1] ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɝɨ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɚɨɤɪɚɢɧȾɨɧɛɚɫɫɚɩɨɛɟɥɟɦɧɢɬɚɦɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹɤɡɨɧɟ Belemnitella mucronata

ɍɞɨɫɤɨɧɚɥɟɧɚ ɥɟɝɟɧɞɚ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɨʀ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɨʀ ɤɚɪɬɢ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɭ 1:200 000. ɋɟɪɿɹ Ⱦɨɧɛɚɫɶɤɚ. ɉɨɹɫɧɸɜɚɥɶɧɚ ɡɚɩɢɫɤɚ. – Ʉ.: Ɇɜɨ ɨɯɨɪɨɧɢ ɧɚɜɤɨɥɢɲɧɶɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɪɟɞɨɜɢɳɚ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ, Ⱦɟɪɠɚɜɧɟ ɪɟɝɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɟ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɟ ɩɿɞɩɪɢɽɦɫɬɜɨ "Ⱦɨɧɟɰɶɤɝɟɨɥɨɝɿɹ", Ⱦɟɪɠɚɜɧɚɝɟɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɚɫɥɭɠɛɚ, ɍɤɪȾȽɊȱ, 2006.

20 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013 senior. ɉɨɡɠɟ, ɜ 2010ɝ . əɤɭɲɢɧɅɇ. [4] ɩɨɦɚɤɪɨɮɚɭɧɟɜɫɯɟɦɟɡɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɱɥɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɝɨ ɦɟɥɚ ɨɤɪɚɢɧ Ⱦɨɧɛɚɫɫɚ ɜ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɯ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɚ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɡɨɧɭ Belemnitella mucronata ɧɚ ɬɪɢ ɩɨɞɡɨɧɵ (ɫɧɢɡɭ ɜɜɟɪɯ): Belemnitella mucronata alpa, Belemnitella mucronata mucronata ɢ Belemnitella mucronata senior/Hoplitoplacenticeras coesfeldiense. Ɍɟɩɟɪɶ, ɜ ɦɨɞɟɪɧɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɦɟɥɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ȾɧɟɩɪɨɜɫɤɨȾɨɧɟɰɤɨɣ ɜɩɚɞɢɧɵ, ɫɟɜɟɪɧɨɣ ɢ ɸɠɧɨɣ ɨɤɪɚɢɧ Ⱦɨɧɛɚɫɫɚ 2012 ɝ. ɡɨɧɚ Belemnitella mucronata (ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɩɨ ɛɟɥɟɦɧɢɬɚɦ) ɨɯɜɚɬɵɜɚɟɬ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɚɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɨɝɨɹɪɭɫɚɢɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɫɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɨɜɨɣɡɨɧɨɣ Brotzenella monterelensis. ȼ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɟ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ȾɧɟɩɪɨɜɫɤɨȾɨɧɟɰɤɨɣ ɜɩɚɞɢɧɵ Ʌɢɩɧɢɤ ȿɋ. ɜ 1981 ɝ. [5] ɩɨ ɛɟɧɬɨɫɧɵɦ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɚɦ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɢɥɚ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɨɜɭɸ ɡɨɧɭ Brotzenella monterelensis (ɫ ɯɪɨɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɨɦ – ɧɢɠɧɹɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɝɨɤɚɦɩɚɧɚ) ɧɚ ɞɜɟ ɩɨɞɡɨɧɵ: ɧɢɠɧɸɸ – Eponides grodnoensis, ɢ ɜɟɪ[ɧɸɸ - Gavelinella clementiana laevigata. Ƚɪɚɧɢɰɭɡɨɧɵ Brotzenella monterelensis ɫ ɧɢɠɧɢɦ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɨɦ Ʌɢɩɧɢɤ ȿɋ. ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬ ɩɨ ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɟ ɜɢɞɚɢɧɞɟɤɫɚ, ɚɬɚɤɠɟɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɯɜɟɪɯɧɟɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɢɯɮɨɪɦ [5]. ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɧɚɱɚɥɟ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɝɨ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɚ ɡɚɤɚɧɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɜɨɟ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɞɢɧ ɢɡ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɧɢɠɧɟɝɨ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɚ – Cibicidoides temirensis (Vass.). ȼɟɪɯɧɸɸ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɭɮɢɤɫɢɪɭɸɬɜɢɞɵɡɨɧɵ Globorotalites emdyensis. ȼ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɦɨɧɨɝɪɚɮɢɢ 1991 ɝ. [6] ɜɟɪɯɧɢɣ ɤɚɦɩɚɧ ɡɚɩɚɞɧɵɯ ɪɚɣɨɧɨɜ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɛɵɜɲɟɝɨ ɋɋɋɊ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɚɦ ɞɟɥɢɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɜɟ ɡɨɧɵ: Brotzenella monterelensis (ɧɢɠɧɹɹ) ɫ ɯɪɨɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɨɦ – ɧɢɠɧɹɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɝɨ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɚ ɢ Globorotalites emdyensis (ɜɟɪɯɧɹɹ) – ɜɟɪɯɧɹɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɝɨ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɚ. ȼɩɟɪɜɵɟɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɨɜɚɹɡɨɧɚ Brotzenella monterelensis ɛɵɥɚɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɚ Ⱦɨɥɢɰɤɨɣ ɂȼ. (ɜ ȼɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɦ ɍɫɬɸɪɬɟ, 1961 ɝ.) [7]. ȼ ɜɵɲɟɭɩɨɦɹɧɭɬɨɣ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɦɨɧɨɝɪɚɮɢɢ [6] ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɨ, ɱɬɨɷɬɚɡɨɧɚɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬɡɨɧɟ Cibicides aktulagayensis, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɚȼɚɫɢɥɟɧɤɨȼɉ. (ɧɚɆɚɧɝɵɲɥɚɤɟ, 1961 ɝ.) [8]. ȼ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɟ ɞɟɫɹɬɢɥɟɬɢɟ Ƚɇ. Ⱥɥɟɤɫɚɧɞɪɨɜɨɣ, ȼɇ. Ȼɟɧɶɹɦɨɜɫɤɢɦ, ȼɢɲɧɟɜɫɤɨɣȼɋ. ɢɄɨɩɚɟɜɢɱɅɎ. ɛɵɥɨɩɭɛɥɢɤɨɜɚɧɪɹɞɫɬɚɬɟɣ, ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɧɵɯɬɟɦɟ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨɤɚɦɩɚɧɚ. ȼ 2012 ɝ. ɷɬɨɬɠɟɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɢɜɚɜɬɨɪɨɜɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɥɫɬɚɬɶɸ [9], ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɨɧɢ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɡɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɚɦ (ɛɟɧɬɨɫɧɵɦ ɢ ɩɥɚɧɤɬɨɧɧɵɦ), ɞɢɧɨɰɢɫɬɚɦ ɢ ɪɚɞɢɨɥɹɪɢɹɦ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ȼɨɫɬɨɱɧɨȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɣ ɩɥɚɬɮɨɪɦɵ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɵɜɚɸɬ ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɪɟɯɱɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɹɪɭɫɚ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɚ. Ɉɧɢ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɢɥɢ ɩɨ ɛɟɧɬɨɫɧɵɦ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɚɦ ɜɵɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɣ ɤɚɦɩɚɧ ɜ ɨɛɴɟɦɟ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɨɜɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ Brotzenella monterelensis. ɇɚɲɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɦɢɤɪɨɩɚɥɟɨɧɬɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɸɬɜɵɜɨɞɵɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɵɯɤɨɥɥɟɝ.

Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵɢɦɟɬɨɞɵ Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɦ ɤ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɬɪɟɯɱɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɹɪɭɫɚ ɜ ɭɤɪɚɢɧɫɤɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɪɧɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɟ 2012 ɝ. ɩɨɫɥɭɠɢɥɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɵ ɢɡ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɛɧɚɠɟɧɢɣ ɫɟɜɟɪɧɨɣ ɨɤɪɚɢɧɵ Ⱦɨɧɛɚɫɫɚ ɫ. ɋɢɞɨɪɨɜɨȾɨɧɟɰɤɚɹɨɛɥɚɫɬɶɢɫ. ɋɛɨɪɧɨɟɅɭɝɚɧɫɤɚɹɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ). Ɉɞɧɨ ɨɛɧɚɠɟɧɢɟ – ɤɪɭɬɨɣ ɫɤɥɨɧ (ɨɤɨɥɨ 40 ɦ) ɩɪɚɜɨɝɨ ɛɟɪɟɝɚ ɪɟɤɢ ɋɟɜɟɪɫɤɢɣȾɨɧɟɰ ɜɨɡɥɟ ɫ. ɋɢɞɨɪɨɜɨ ɋɥɚɜɹɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ Ⱦɨɧɟɰɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ. Ɉɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɜɨɛɧɚɠɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɤɚɪɛɨɧɚɬɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɪɨɞɚɦɢ: ɜ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ - ɦɟɥɨɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɦɢ ɦɟɪɝɟɥɹɦɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜɵɲɟ ɩɨ ɪɚɡɪɟɡɭ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɹɬ ɜ ɛɟɥɵɣ

21 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɩɢɫɱɢɣ ɦɟɥ, ɦɟɥɤɢɣ ɠɟɥɬɨɜɚɬɵɣ ɩɪɨɱɧɵɣ, ɢɧɨɝɞɚ ɬɪɟɳɢɧɨɜɚɬɵɣ. ȼɫɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɵ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɧɵ ɢɡ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɫɢɞɨɪɨɜɫɤɨɣ ɫɜɢɬɵ, ɜɟɪɯɧɟɦɟɥɨɜɵɟ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɤɪɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢ. ȼ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɫɤɥɨɧɚ ɧɚɣɞɟɧɵ ɛɟɥɟɦɧɢɬɵɜɧɢɠɧɟɣɱɚɫɬɢ – ɛɨɥɶɲɢɟ, ɜɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ – ɦɟɥɤɢɟ. Ʉɪɨɦɟɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪ, ɮɚɭɧɚɜɨɛɧɚɠɟɧɢɢɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚɪɨɫɬɪɚɦɢɛɟɥɟɦɧɢɬɨɜ, ɫɩɢɤɭɥɚɦɢɝɭɛɨɤ, ɚɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɬɜɨɪɤɚɦɢɨɫɬɪɚɤɨɞ. Ⱦɪɭɝɨɟɨɛɧɚɠɟɧɢɟɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɨɜ 1 ɤɦɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɟɟɠɟɥɟɡɧɨɣɞɨɪɨɝɢɜɨɡɥɟ ɫ. ɋɛɨɪɧɨɟ (Ʌɭɬɭɝɢɧɫɤɢɣ ɪɚɣɨɧ, Ʌɭɝɚɧɫɤɚɹ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ) ɧɚ ɩɪɚɜɨɦ ɫɤɥɨɧɟ ɛɚɥɤɢ Ʉɪɭɬɟɧɶɤɚɹ, ɝɞɟ ɦɟɫɬɚɦɢ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɜɵɯɨɞɵ ɧɚ ɞɧɟɜɧɭɸ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɟɥɨɜɵɯɩɨɪɨɞ. Ɋɚɡɪɟɡ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɦɟɥɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɤɚɪɛɨɧɚɬɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɪɨɞɚɦɢ – ɦɟɪɝɟɥɹɦɢ ɫɜɟɬɥɨɫɟɪɵɦɢ, ɩɟɫɱɚɧɵɦɢ, ɦɟɥɤɨ- ɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɡɟɪɧɢɫɬɵɦɢ. ɉɟɪɟɤɪɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɦɟɥɨɜɵɟ ɩɨɪɨɞɵ ɦɚɥɨɦɨɳɧɵɦ ɩɨɱɜɟɧɧɨɪɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɨɤɪɨɜɨɦ. ȼɢɞɢɦɚɹ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɨɤɨɥɨ 15 ɦ. ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɵ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɧɵ ɢɡ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ ɨɛɧɚɠɟɧɢɹ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪ, ɮɚɭɧɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚɨɫɬɪɚɤɨɞɚɦɢ, ɛɢɜɚɥɶɜɢɹɦɢ, ɛɪɚɯɢɨɩɨɞɚɦɢ, ɨɛɥɨɦɤɚɦɢɛɟɥɟɦɧɢɬɨɜɢ ɨɬɩɟɱɚɬɤɚɦɢɚɦɦɨɧɢɬɨɜ. Ɏɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɵɢɡɩɨɪɨɞɵɨɬɦɵɬɵɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɦɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ – ɩɨɞɩɪɨɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɞɢɫɬɢɥɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɜɨɞɨɣ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɮɪɚɤɰɢɢ ɫɭɲɢɥɢɫɶ, ɞɚɥɟɟ ɢɡ ɧɢɯ ɨɬɛɢɪɚɥɢɫɶ ɨɫɬɚɬɤɢɦɢɤɪɨɮɚɭɧɵɜɤɚɦɟɪɵɎɪɚɧɤɟɫɩɨɦɨɳɶɸɛɢɧɨɤɭɥɹɪɚɆȻɋ-9.

Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɞɟɬɚɥɶɧɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪ [10, 11] ɢɡɨɛɧɚɠɟɧɢɣɫɟɜɟɪɧɨɣɨɤɪɚɢɧɵȾɨɧɛɚɫɫɚ, ɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɯɜɵɲɟ, ɜɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɯ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɛɵɥɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɨɜɚɹ ɡɨɧɚ Brotzenella monterelensis, ɞɚɸɳɚɹɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶɜɵɞɟɥɢɬɶɫɪɟɞɧɢɣɤɚɦɩɚɧ. Ɏɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɵ ɜ ɪɚɡɪɟɡɟ ɫ. ɋɢɞɨɪɨɜɨ Ⱦɨɧɟɰɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɚɜɬɨɪɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɛɟɧɬɨɫɧɵɦɢ ɮɨɪɦɚɦɢ: ɚɝɝɥɸɬɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ – Gaudryina laevigata Franke, Heterostomella foveolata (Marss.), H. praefoveolata Mjatl., Arenobulimina labirintica Wolosch., Plectina convergens (Kell.), Orbignyna inflata (Reuss), O. sacheri (Reuss), O. ovata Hag., Voloshinovella aequisgranensis (Beiss.); ɫɟɤɪɟɰɢɨɧɧɵɦɢ – Neoflabellina rugosa (Orb.), Eponides biconvexus Marie, E. archaelotus Plotn., E. grodnoensis Ak., Globorotalites michelinianus (Orb.), Osangularia cordieriana (Orb.), Gavelinella clementiana laevigata (Marie), G. clementiana pseudoexcolata (Kal.), G. umbilicatula Mjatl., Brotzenella monterelensis (Marie), B. insignis (Lipn.), Euvigerina aspera inflata Marie, Cibicidoides eriksdalensis (Brotz.), C. aktulagayensis (Vass.), C. voltzianus (Orb.), Sitella carseyae (Plumm.), Bolivina kalinini Vass., Bolivinoides decoratus decoratus Jon., Gyroidinoides umbilicatus (Orb.), Stensioeina pommerana Brotz., S. exculpta (Reuss), Pullenia dampelae Dain, Bolivinita eleyi (Cushm.), Praebulimina ventricosa (Brotz.) ɢ ɞɪ. ɉɥɚɧɤɬɨɧɧɵɟ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɵ – Globotruncana linneiana (Orb.), G. globigerinoides (Marie), G. morozovae Vass., Globigerinelloides volutus (White), Rugoglobigerina rugosa (Marie) ɢɞɪ. ȼɞɚɧɧɨɦɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɟɢɦɟɟɦɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɟ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪ: ɛɟɧɬɨɫɧɵɟ (ɫɟɤɪɟɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ – 24, ɚɝɝɥɸɬɢɧɢɪɭɸɳɢɟ – 9) ɢɩɥɚɧɤɬɨɧɧɵɟ – 5. Ⱦɚɧɧɚɹɚɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɹɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɢɡɨɛɧɚɠɟɧɢɹɫ. ɋɢɞɨɪɨɜɨ [10] ɢɦɟɟɬɦɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɢɯɜɢɞɨɜɫɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɦɢɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɢɯɦɢɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚɦɢɫɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɵɯɪɟɝɢɨɧɨɜ – ɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞɧɨɣɢɸɠɧɨɣɨɤɪɚɢɧȾɨɧɛɚɫɫɚ (ȽɨɪɛɟɧɤɨȼɎ. [12, 13, 14] ɢ Ⱦɨɥɢɧɚɀɂ. [15]), ȾȾȼ (Ʌɢɩɧɢɤ ȿɋ. [16, 5]) ɢ Ʉɨɧɤɫɤɨəɥɵɧɫɤɨɣ ɜɩɚɞɢɧɵ

22 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɉɥɨɬɧɢɤɨɜɚ ɅɎ. [17]), ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɬ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɧɟɟ ɜɟɪɯɧɟ-, ɬɟɩɟɪɶ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɨɝɨɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɚ. ȼ ɪɚɡɪɟɡɟ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɟɧɵ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪ: Heterostomella foveolata (Marss.), Plectina convergens (Kell.), Gavelinella clementiana laevigata (Marie), Cibicidoides aktulagayensis (Vass.), C. voltzianus (Orb.) ɢɡɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɜɢɞ – Brotzenella monterelensis (Marie) [10]. ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɟɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɵɢɡɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɜɢɞ ɢɡ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɫ. ɋɢɞɨɪɨɜɨ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɧɚɜɟɪɯɧɟɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɭɸ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɨɜɭɸ ɡɨɧɭ Brotzenella monterelensis ɡɚɩɚɞɧɵɯ ɪɚɣɨɧɨɜ ȼɨɫɬɨɱɧɨȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɣ ɩɥɚɬɮɨɪɦɵ [6], ɪɚɧɶɲɟɷɬɚɡɨɧɚɨɬɧɨɫɢɥɚɫɶɤɧɢɠɧɟɣɱɚɫɬɢɜɟɪɯɧɟɝɨɤɚɦɩɚɧɚ, ɚɬɟɩɟɪɶɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɚ ɜɫɪɟɞɧɢɣɤɚɦɩɚɧ [9]. ɗɬɨɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬɧɚɦɨɬɧɟɫɬɢɦɟɥɨɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɟɦɟɪɝɟɥɢɢɩɢɫɱɢɣ ɦɟɥɢɡɨɛɧɚɠɟɧɢɹɫ. ɋɢɞɨɪɨɜɨȾɨɧɟɰɤɨɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢɤɧɢɠɧɟɣɱɚɫɬɢɫɢɞɨɪɨɜɫɤɨɣɫɜɢɬɵ ɫɟɧɬɹɧɨɜɫɤɨɣɩɨɞɫɜɢɬɵ) ɫɟɜɟɪɧɨɣɨɤɪɚɢɧɵȾɨɧɛɚɫɫɚ. ȼ ɨɛɧɚɠɟɧɢɢ ɭ ɫ. ɋɛɨɪɧɨɟ Ʌɭɝɚɧɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɧɚɦɢ ɛɵɥ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɛɟɧɬɨɫɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪ: ɚɝɝɥɸɬɢɧɢɪɭɸɳɢɟ – Orbignyna variabilis (Orb.), O. inflata (Reuss), O. ovata Hag., Verneuilina munsteri Reuss., Heterostomella praefoveolata Mjatl., H. foveolata (Marss.), Spiroplectammina lingua Ak., Arenobulimina vialovi Wolosch., Vialovella oblonga (Reuss), Voloshinovella tertia Wolosch., V. laffitei (Marie); ɫɟɤɪɟɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ – Neoflabellina rugosa (Orb.), Gavelinella dainae (Mjatl.), G. clementiana pseudoexcolata (Kal.), G. clementiana clementiana (Orb.), G. clementiana usakensis (Vass.), Bolivina kalinini Vass., Stensioina pommerana Brotz., Eponides moskvini (Kell.), Bolivinoides decoratus decoratus (Jon.), Valvulineria praebiconvexa Lipn., Globorotalites cf. emdyensis Vass., G. planoconvexus Plotn., G. michelinianus (Orb.), Pyramidina triangularis (Cush. et Park.), Cibicidoides aktulagayensis (Vass.), C. eriksdalensis (Brotz.), C. temirensis (Vass.), C. voltzianus (Orb.), C. (C.) spiropunctatus Gall. et Morr., Bolivinitella galeata Vass., Cibicides beaumontianus (Orb.), Buliminella laevis (Beissel.), Gyroidinoides obliquaseptatus (Mjatl.), G. turgidus (Hag.), Osangularia cordieriana (Orb.), O. parva (Plotn.), Brotzenella monterelensis (Marie), B. menneri (Kell.), B. taylorensis (Cars.), Dentalina soluta Reuss., Pseudouvigerina cretacea Cushm. ɢɞɪ. Ⱥɬɚɤɠɟɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɟɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɩɥɚɧɤɬɨɧɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪ – Globotruncana arca (Cushm.), G. rugosa (Marie), G. fornicata Plumm. ɢ ɞɪ. Ɏɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɵ ɜ ɚɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɥɢɫɶ ɬɚɤɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ: ɛɟɧɬɨɫɧɵɟ (ɫɟɤɪɟɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ – 31, ɚɝɝɥɸɬɢɧɢɪɭɸɳɢɟ – 11) ɢ ɩɥɚɧɤɬɨɧɧɵɟ – 3. ȼɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɟɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɛɵɥɢɧɚɣɞɟɧɵɬɚɤɠɟɨɠɟɥɟɡɧɟɧɧɵɟɢ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɢɬɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɵ. ɉɪɢ ɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪ ɬɚɪɚɫɨɜɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɫɜɢɬɵ ɫɢɞɨɪɨɜɫɤɨɣ ɫɜɢɬɵ ɩɨ Ƚɨɪɛɟɧɤɨ ȼɎ. [12, 13] ɫ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɧɚɦɢ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɨɦɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɢɡɨɛɧɚɠɟɧɢɹɫ. ɋɛɨɪɧɨɟ [11], ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵɨɛɳɢɟɜɢɞɵ: Cibicidoides temirensis (Vass.), Gavelinella clementiana pseudoexcolata (Kal.), Bolivinoides decoratus decoratus (Jon.), Brotzenella monterelensis (Marie), Spiroplectammina lingua Ak., Heterostomella praefoveolata Mjatl., Orbignyna ovata Hag., ɷɬɨ ɞɚɟɬ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɬɧɟɫɬɢ ɫɜɟɬɥɨɫɟɪɵɟ, ɩɟɫɱɚɧɵɟ, ɦɟɥɤɨ- ɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɡɟɪɧɢɫɬɵɟ ɦɟɪɝɟɥɢ ɪɚɡɪɟɡɚ ɫ. ɋɛɨɪɧɨɟ Ʌɭɝɚɧɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɤ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɫɢɞɨɪɨɜɫɤɨɣɫɜɢɬɵɫɟɜɟɪɧɨɣɨɤɪɚɢɧɵȾɨɧɛɚɫɫɚ. ɉɨɞɚɧɧɵɦɪɚɡɪɟɡɚɫ. ɋɛɨɪɧɨɟɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɦɢɜɢɞɚɦɢɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪ ɢɡ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɚɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ: Cibicidoides aktulagayensis (Vass.), C. voltzianus (Orb.), Heterostomella foveolata (Marss.), Brotzenella monterelensis (Marie), Pseudouvigerina cretacea Cushm. [11]. Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪ ɢ ɡɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣɜɢɞɢɡɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣɷɬɨɝɨɪɚɡɪɟɡɚɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬɨɬɧɟɫɬɢɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɨɜɭɸ

23 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɡɨɧɭ Brotzenella monterelensis ɤ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦɭ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɭ [9], ɚ ɧɟ ɤ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɝɨɤɚɦɩɚɧɚ (ɤɚɤɛɵɥɨɪɚɧɟɟ [6]). Ɍɚɤɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɜɩɨɪɨɞɚɯɞɜɭɯɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɵɯɨɛɧɚɠɟɧɢɣɋɟɜɟɪɧɨɝɨȾɨɧɛɚɫɫɚ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɵ ɨɛɳɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɟ ɜɢɞɵ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɨɜɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ Brotzenella monterelensis: Heterostomella foveolata (Marss.), Plectina convergens (Kell.), Gavelinella clementiana laevigata (Marie), Cibicidoides aktulagayensis (Vass.), C. voltzianus (Orb.), Brotzenella monterelensis (Marie), Pseudouvigerina cretacea Cushm. [6]. ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨ Ɇɋɒ 2008 ɝ. [2] ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɟ Ȼɨɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɜɢɧɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɸɬ ɫɜɨɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɛɟɧɬɨɫɧɵɟ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɡɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɜɢɞɚɦɢɦɚɪɤɟɪɚɦɢ: Gavelinella clementiana, Stensioeina pommeran/exculpta, Neoflabelina rugosa, Globorotalites michelinianus, ɚɬɚɤɠɟɜɢɞɚɦɢ Bolivinoides decoratus decoratus, Osangularia cordieriana.Ɂɞɟɫɶɠɟɩɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɜɢɞ Gavelinella monterelensis = Brotzenella monterelensis (Marie). ȼɤɨɧɰɟɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɚ ɜɢɞɵɦɚɪɤɟɪɵ – Gavelinella clementiana ɢ Globorotalites michelinianus ɡɚɤɚɧɱɢɜɚɸɬɫɜɨɟɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ. ɉɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟɡɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟɜɢɞɵɦɚɪɤɟɪɵɢɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɜɢɞɵɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨɤɚɦɩɚɧɚɆɋɒ 2008ɝ . [2] ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɸɬɬɚɤɠɟɜɨɛɧɚɠɟɧɢɹɯ ɫ. ɋɢɞɨɪɨɜɨ Ⱦɨɧɟɰɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɢ ɫ. ɋɛɨɪɧɨɟ Ʌɭɝɚɧɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ. ȼ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɟ ɨɬ Ɇɋɒ 2008 ɝ. [2], ɜ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɯɟɦɚɯ ɮɚɧɟɪɨɡɨɹ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ 1993 ɝ. [1] ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɨɝɨɹɪɭɫɚɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɵɧɚɞɜɚɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɚ. ɉɨɷɬɨɣɠɟ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɞɥɹ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɝɨ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɚ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɦɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɨɜɵɟ ɜɢɞɵ – Brotzenella monterelensis (Marie), B. insignis (Lipn.) ɢ Bolivina kalinini Vass., ɜɫɬɪɟɱɟɧɧɵɟɜɨɛɧɚɠɟɧɢɹɯɫ. ɋɢɞɨɪɨɜɨɢ, ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨ, ɫ. ɋɛɨɪɧɨɟɫɟɜɟɪɧɨɣɨɤɪɚɢɧɵ Ⱦɨɧɛɚɫɫɚ. ɋɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ, ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ ɜɢɞɚ Brotzenella monterelensisɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɨɞɥɹɨɛɟɢɯɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɲɤɚɥ.

ȼɵɜɨɞɵ ɂɡɭɱɢɜ ɩɨ ɮɚɭɧɟ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪ ɦɟɥɨɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɟ ɦɟɪɝɟɥɢ ɢ ɩɢɫɱɢɣ ɦɟɥ ɢɡ ɨɛɧɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɫ. ɋɢɞɨɪɨɜɨ Ⱦɨɧɟɰɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɟɫɱɚɧɵɟ, ɦɟɥɤɨ- ɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɡɟɪɧɢɫɬɵɟɦɟɪɝɟɥɢɢɡɨɛɧɚɠɟɧɢɹɫ. ɋɛɨɪɧɨɟɅɭɝɚɧɫɤɨɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ, ɚɜɬɨɪɩɪɢɲɟɥɤ ɜɵɜɨɞɭɨɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨɷɬɢɩɨɪɨɞɵɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹɤɧɢɠɧɟɣɱɚɫɬɢɫɢɞɨɪɨɜɫɤɨɣɫɜɢɬɵɫɟɜɟɪɧɨɣ ɨɤɪɚɢɧɵȾɨɧɛɚɫɫɚ. ɇɚɦɢɛɵɥɩɪɨɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɜɢɞɨɜɨɣɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɡɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɨɜɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɨɜɷɬɢɯɪɚɡɪɟɡɨɜ. ȼɧɢɯɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɵɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɟɜɢɞɵ, ɜɬɨɦɱɢɫɥɟɜɢɞɢɧɞɟɤɫ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɧɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɜ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɯ ɪɚɡɪɟɡɨɜ ɫɟɜɟɪɧɨɣ ɨɤɪɚɢɧɵȾɨɧɛɚɫɫɚɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɨɜɭɸɡɨɧɭ Brotzenella monterelensis. Ⱦɥɹ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɣ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɢ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɦɟɥɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɩɥɚɬɮɨɪɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵɫɆɋɒ 2008 ɝ. [2], ɚɬɚɤɠɟɜɜɢɞɭɨɛɳɧɨɫɬɢɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɨɝɨɜɢɞɨɜɨɝɨɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɛɟɧɬɨɫɧɵɯ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪ ɨɛɟɢɯ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɲɤɚɥ, ɦɵ ɫɱɢɬɚɟɦ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɦ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞ ɧɚ ɬɪɟɯɱɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɚ, ɫ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɚ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɹɪɭɫɚ ɜ ɨɛɴɟɦɟ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɨɜɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ Brotzenella monterelensis. ɗɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɸ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨɫɆɋɒ, ɧɨɢɫɫɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɵɦɢɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɹɦɢɊɨɫɫɢɢ, Ȼɟɥɚɪɭɫɢɢɞɪ. Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɜɫɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɢ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ Ʌɢɩɧɢɤ ȿɋ. [16, 5], ɉɥɨɬɧɢɤɨɜɨɣ ɅɎ. [17], Ƚɨɪɛɟɧɤɚ ȼɎ. [12, 13, 14] ɢ Ⱦɨɥɢɧɵ ɀɂ. [15] ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɸɬɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɶɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨɤɚɦɩɚɧɚɜɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɯɜɟɪɯɧɟɝɨ ɦɟɥɚɧɚɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢɩɥɚɬɮɨɪɦɟɧɧɨɣɱɚɫɬɢɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ. ȼɫɜɹɡɢɫɜɵɲɟɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɦ, ɦɵ ɫɱɢɬɚɟɦ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɬɪɟɯɱɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɚ ɜ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɯɟɦɟɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ.

24 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ 1. ɋɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɮɚɧɟɪɨɡɨɹ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɚɪɬ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɤɨɥɟɧɢɹ. Ƚɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ. – Ʉɢɟɜ, 1993. – (ɋɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɫɯɟɦɚ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɝɨɨɬɞɟɥɚɦɟɥɨɜɨɣɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ. – Ʌ. 1, 4). 2. Ogg J.G., Ogg G., Gradstein F.M.. The Concise Geologic Time scale. – Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008. – 150 p. 3. ɂɜɚɧɧɢɤɨɜ Ⱥȼ., Ʌɢɩɧɢɤ ȿɋ., ɉɥɨɬɧɢɤɨɜɚ ɅɎ. ɢ ɞɪ. Ɋɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɫɯɟɦɚɜɟɪɯɧɟɦɟɥɨɜɵɯɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣɩɥɚɬɮɨɪɦɟɧɧɨɣɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ. – Ʉɢɟɜ, 1991. – 31 ɫ. – (ɉɪɟɩɪ./ȺɇɍɋɋɊ, ɂɧɬɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɧɚɭɤ; 91-1). 4. əɤɭɲɢɧ ɅɆ. . Ȼɿɨɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɿɹ ɨɫɚɞɨɜɢɯ ɭɬɜɨɪɟɧɶ, ɩɚɥɟɨɝɟɨɝɪɚɮɿɹ ɬɚ ɩɚɥɟɨɟɤɨɥɨɝɿɹ ɩɿɡɧɶɨɤɪɟɣɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɚɫɟɣɧɭ ɩɥɚɬɮɨɪɦɧɨʀ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɡɚɦɚɤɪɨɮɚɭɧɨɸ): Ⱥɜɬɨɪɟɮ. ɞɪɚɝɟɨɥ. ɧɚɭɤ. – Ʉ., 2010. – 43 ɫ. 5. Ʌɢɩɧɢɤ ȿɋ., Ʌɸɥɶɟɜɚ ɋȺ.. Ɂɨɧɵ ɛɟɧɬɨɫɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪ ɢ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɧɚɧɧɨɩɥɚɧɤɬɨɧɚɜɤɚɦɩɚɧɟɢɦɚɚɫɬɪɢɯɬɟȾɧɟɩɪɨɜɫɤɨȾɨɧɟɰɤɨɣɜɩɚɞɢɧɵ. – Ʉɢɟɜ, 1981. – 37 ɫ. – (ɉɪɟɩɪ./ȺɇɍɋɋɊ, ɂɧɬɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɧɚɭɤ; 81-23). 6. ɉɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɩɨɦɢɤɪɨɮɚɭɧɟɋɋɋɊ. Ɍ. 5. Ɏɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɵɦɟɡɨɡɨɹ / ɉɨɞɪɟɞ. ȺɡɛɟɥɶȺə., ȽɪɢɝɹɥɢɫȺȺ.. – Ʌ.: ɇɟɞɪɚ, 1991. – 375 ɫ. 7. Ⱦɨɥɢɰɤɚɹ ɂȼ.. Ɋɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪ ɜ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɦɟɥɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɯ ȼɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɝɨɍɫɬɸɪɬɚ. – Ɍɪ. ȼɇɂȽɇɂ. – ȼɵɩ. 29, 1961. – ɋ. 188-192. 8. ȼɚɫɢɥɟɧɤɨ ȼɉ.. Ɏɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɵ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɝɨ ɦɟɥɚ ɩɨɥɭɨɫɬɪɨɜɚ Ɇɚɧɝɵɲɥɚɤ. – Ʌ., Ɍɪ. ȼɇɂȽɊɂ. – ȼɵɩ. 171, 1961. – 487 ɫ. 9. Ⱥɥɟɤɫɚɧɞɪɨɜɚ Ƚɇ., Ȼɟɧɶɹɦɨɜɫɤɢɣ ȼɇ., ȼɢɲɧɟɜɫɤɚɹ ȼɋ., Ʉɨɩɚɟɜɢɱ ɅɎ.. Ʉ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɨ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɟ ɢ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɟ ɦɚɚɫɬɪɢɯɬɚ ɧɚ ȼɨɫɬɨɱɧɨȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɣ ɩɥɚɬɮɨɪɦɟ // Ɇɟɥɨɜɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɢ ɛɥɢɠɧɟɝɨ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɶɹ: ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɢ ɢ ɩɚɥɟɨɝɟɨɝɪɚɮɢɢ. ɋɛ. ɧɚɭɱ. ɬɪɭɞɨɜ / ɉɨɞɪɟɞ. Ȼɚɪɚɛɨɲɤɢɧɚ ȿɘ.. – Ʉɪɚɫɧɨɞɚɪ: ɂɡɞɜɨ Ʉɭɛɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɫ. ɭɧ- ɬɚ, 2012. – ɋ. 8-11. 10. ȼɟɤɥɢɱ ɈȾ.. ȼɟɪɯɧɶɨɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɶɤɿ ɮɨɪɚɦɿɧɿɮɟɪɢ ɫɢɞɨɪɿɜɫɶɤɨʀ ɫɜɿɬɢ (ɉɿɜɧɿɱɧɢɣ Ⱦɨɧɛɚɫ) // ɉɚɥɟɨɧɬɨɥ. ɡɛ. Ʌɶɜɿɜ. ɧɚɰ. ɭɧɬɭɿɦ. ȱɜɚɧɚɎɪɚɧɤɚ. – Ʌɶɜɿɜ. ɧɚɰ. ɭɧɬ., ʋ 43, 2011. – ɋ. 29-37. 11. ȼɟɤɥɢɱ ɈȾ.. Ɏɨɪɚɦɿɧɿɮɟɪɢ ɡ ɜɟɪɯɧɶɨɤɚɦɩɚɧɫɶɤɢɯ ɜɿɞɤɥɚɞɿɜ ɩɿɜɧɿɱɧɨʀ ɨɤɪɚʀɧɢ Ⱦɨɧɛɚɫɭ (ɫ. Ɂɛɿɪɧɟ) // ɉɚɥɟɨɧɬɨɥ. ɡɛ. Ʌɶɜɿɜ. ɧɚɰ. ɭɧɬɭɿɦ. ȱɜɚɧɚɎɪɚɧɤɚ. – Ʌɶɜɿɜ. ɧɚɰ. ɭɧɬ, ʋ 42, 2010. – ɋ. 3-7. 12. Ƚɨɪɛɟɧɤɨ ȼɎ.. Ⱦɟɬɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɪɚɫɱɥɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɦɟɥɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞɧɨɣ ɨɤɪɚɢɧɵ Ⱦɨɧɛɚɫɫɚ ɢ ɭɜɹɡɤɚ ɦɢɤɪɨɮɚɭɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɨɜɫɞɢɚɝɪɚɦɦɚɦɢɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɨɝɨɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɤɚɪɨɬɚɠɚ // ȾȺɇɋɋɋɊ. – Ɍ. 128. – ʋ.3, 1959. – ɋ. 548-581. 13. Ȼɥɚɧɤ Ɇə., Ƚɨɪɛɟɧɤɨ ȼɎ.. ɋɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɹ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɦɟɥɨɜɨɣ ɬɨɥɳɢ ɋɟɜɟɪɧɨɝɨ Ⱦɨɧɛɚɫɫɚ//Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɩɨ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɢ Ⱦɨɧɟɰɤɨɝɨ ɛɚɫɫɟɣɧɚ. – Ɇ.: ɇɟɞɪɚ, 1968.– ɋ.34-46. 14. ȺɬɥɚɫɜɟɪɯɧɟɦɟɥɨɜɨɣɮɚɭɧɵȾɨɧɛɚɫɫɚ / ɉɨɞɪɟɞ. ɄɪɵɦɝɨɥɶɰɚȽə.. – Ɇ.: ɇɟɞɪɚ, 1974. – 640 ɫ. 15. Ⱦɨɥɢɧɚɀɂ.. Ɏɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɵ ɢ ɢɯɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɢ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɦɟɥɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɸɠɧɨɣ ɨɤɪɚɢɧɵ Ⱦɨɧɟɰɤɨɝɨ ɫɤɥɚɞɱɚɬɨɝɨ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɡɨɧɵ ɟɝɨ ɫɨɱɥɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɉɪɢɚɡɨɜɫɤɢɦ ɤɪɢɫɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɦɚFɫɢɜɨɦ: Ⱥɜɬɨɪɟɮ. ɤɚɧɞ. ɝɟɨɥ.- ɦɢɧ. ɧɚɭɤ. – ɏɚɪɶɤɨɜ, 1972. – 29 ɫ.

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16. Ʌɢɩɧɢɤ Ɉɋ.. Ɏɨɪɚɦɿɧɿɮɟɪɢ ɿ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɿɹ ɜɟɪɯɧɶɨɤɪɟɣɞɨɜɢɯ ɜɿɞɤɥɚɞɿɜ ȾɧɿɩɪɨɜɫɶɤɨȾɨɧɟɰɶɤɨʀɡɚɩɚɞɢɧɢ – Ʉ.: ȼɢɞɜɨȺɇɍɊɋɊ, 1961. – 68 ɫ. – (Ɍɪ. ȱȽɇ ȺɇɍɊɋɊ. ɋɟɪ. ɫɬɪɚɬ. ɿɩɚɥɟɨɧɬ.; ɜɢɩ. 35). 17. ɉɥɨɬɧɢɤɨɜɚ ɅɎ.. Ɇɿɥɤɨɜɨɞɧɿ ɜɟɪɯɧɶɨɤɪɟɣɞɨɜɿ ɮɨɪɚɦɿɧɿɮɟɪɢ ɩɥɚɬɮɨɪɦɟɧɨʀ ɱɚɫɬɢɧɢɍɊɋɊ. – Ʉ.: ɇɚɭɤ. ɞɭɦɤɚ, 1967. – 108 ɫ. Primit la redacĠie –4 decembrie 2013

26 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

UDC 911.2.911.3.908 Cujbă V.1

InfluienĠa factorului morfologic asupra repartiĠiei Dúezărilor urbane din Republica Moldova

Abstract

In this article the influence of morphological factor of the relief on urban site situation is analyzed. Morpho-structural criterion interaction with modeling factors (hydrographic network), highlight several categories of cities location, at macroscale level (plateau and plains) and mesoscale (valleys, terraces, and floodplains). An approach regarding the integrative character of urban settlements and location factors, present scientific interest on issues of spatial planning.

Rezumat

În acest articol se analizează influienĠa factorului morfologic al reliefului asupra situaĠiei sau sitului urban. Criteriul morfo-structural în intercaĠiune cu factorii de modelare (reĠeaua hidrografică), scoate în evidenĠă mai multe categorii de localizare a oraúelor, la nivel de macroscară (podiú, deal, câmpie) úi mezoscară (văi, depresiuni, terase, lunci úi albii de rîuri). O abordare privind caracterul integrativ al aúezărilor urbane úi a factorilor de localizare, prezintă interes útiinĠific asupra problemelor de amenajare teritorială.

Ɋɟɡɸɦɟ ȼ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɦɨɪɮɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɧɚ ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣɥɚɧɞɲɚɮɬ. Ɇɨɪɮɨɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɵɣɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɣɜɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɦɢ (ɝɢɞɪɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɟɬɶ) ɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɣ ɦɟɫɬɨɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɝɨɪɨɞɚ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɮɢɡɢɤɨɝɟɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɫɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɧɚ ɦɚɤɪɨɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɧɨɦ ɩɥɚɬɨ, ɯɨɥɦɵ, ɪɚɜɧɢɧɵ) ɢɦɟɡɨɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɧɨɦ (ɞɨɥɢɧɵ, ɬɟɪɪɚɫɫɵ, ɩɨɣɦɵɪɟɤ) ɭɪɨɜɧɟ.

Introducere Relieful reprezintă suportul material, pe care populaĠia îúi desfăúoară viaĠa úi activitatea, determinând, în mare măsură, repartizarea, planimetria úi specializarea economică a aúezărilor umane, în general, úi a celor urbane în particular. Cu toate că altitudinea medie în limitele republicii este de doar 147 de metri, relieful are o structură variată sub aspectul formei úi fragmentării, fiind suportul de bază în procesul de planificare úi utilizare eficientă a teritoriului. PoziĠia oraúului în aspect spaĠio-temporal este determinată de particularităĠile locului, care îi oferă anumite oportunităĠi pentru existenĠăúi dezvoltare. În corespundere cu acest principiu a fost introdus conceptul de sit urban.

1 Academy of Economic Studies from Moldova, B.Bodoni street, 59, MD-2005,Chisinau, Republic of Moldova Email - [email protected]

27 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

Situl urban reprezintă configuraĠia specifică a locului unde este aúezat un oraúúi care îi furnizează resursele necesare vieĠii materiale (apă, sol, materiale de construcĠii) úi posibilităĠii de extindere [1]. Obiectul úi metodele de cercetare Obiectul cercetării la constituit analiza raporturilor dintre reĠeaua de aúezări urbane a Republicii Moldova úi elementele locale ale reliefului. La realizarea acestui studiu în prima etapă au fost selectate localităĠile urbane de pe Harta administrativ-teritorială a Republicii Moldova [2]. Ulterior a fost analizată repartiĠia spaĠială a oraúelor pe unităĠile majore de relief [3]. Utilizarea HăUĠii geomorfologice a RSSM, autor Bilinkis G.M., (1985), la scara 1:200 000 [4], a permis efectuarea unei analize cu privire la distribuĠia indicatorilor morfometrici, prezentaĠii în materialul cartografic, în cadrul intravilanului urban. Pe lângă aceste materiale, a fost utilizată suportul informaĠional ASTER Global Digital Elevation Map [5], cu ajutorul căreia a fost actualizată baza de date privind indicatorii morfometrici ai reliefului din localităĠile urbane (Tabelul). Tabelul Indicatorii morfometrici ai reliefului oraúelor Republicii Moldova Altitudinea Altitudinea Altitudinea Panta Panta Altitudinea Amplitudinea Oraúele minimă maximă medie medie maximă minimă (m.) (m.) (m.) (m.) (gradeº) (gradeº) (m.) Anenii Noi 9 74 65 27 3 10 9 BalĠi 85 191 106 113 2 11 85 Basarabeasca 51 74 23 58 1 7 51 BiruinĠa 92 118 26 102 1 3 92 Briceni 203 259 56 223 2 7 203 BucovăĠ 74 154 80 105 6 10 74 Cahul 7 101 94 46 3 10 7 &ăinari 42 100 58 62 3 10 42 &ăOăraúi 93 263 170 146 6 11 93 Camenca 31 181 150 63 7 25 31 Cantemir 23 64 41 42 2 7 23 &ăuúeni 2 137 135 36 4 14 2 Ceadîr-Lunga 38 144 106 64 3 9 38 Chiúinau 23 226 203 89 3 13 23 Cimiúlia 73 161 88 93 2 13 73 Codru 87 213 126 145 5 11 87 Comrat 44 129 85 73 3 9 44 Cornesti 169 314 145 231 5 10 169 Costesti 155 205 50 174 2 5 155 Crasnoe 0 9 9 5 1 2 0 Cricova 44 142 98 113 4 19 44 Criuleni 0 75 75 28 3 12 0 Cupcini 127 209 82 161 2 7 127 Dnestrovsc 16 25 9 20 1 1 16 Donduúeni 222 269 47 244 2 8 222 Drochia 174 237 63 210 2 8 174 Dubăsari 14 121 107 51 2 8 14 Durleúti 99 234 135 163 5 11 99 EdineĠ 174 262 88 211 2 8 174 )ăleúti 75 157 82 115 4 12 75 Floreúti 77 156 79 115 2 7 77 Frunza 191 228 37 209 3 5 191 Ghindesti 105 172 67 144 3 12 105

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Glodeni 92 159 67 123 2 8 92 Grigoriopol 13 79 66 39 4 14 13 Hînceúti 118 216 98 136 4 13 118 Ialoveni 55 132 77 86 4 11 55 Iargara 95 157 62 115 3 8 95 Leova 22 124 102 58 3 11 22 Lipcani 106 196 90 142 4 11 106 Maiac 126 166 40 149 2 5 126 Marculeúti 77 123 46 99 2 8 77 Nisporeni 74 253 179 131 5 17 74 Ocnita 224 282 58 261 3 6 224 Orhei 30 158 128 87 5 20 30 Otaci 45 194 149 95 6 18 45 Pervomaisc 0 53 53 16 2 8 0 Rezina 6 202 196 111 7 25 6 RîbniĠa 28 151 123 87 4 19 28 Rîscani 122 191 69 154 4 10 122 Sîngera 23 143 120 45 4 11 23 Sîngerei 71 155 84 102 3 9 71 Slobozia 4 37 33 19 1 8 4 ùoldaneúti 109 217 108 151 4 9 109 Soroca 35 238 203 118 5 20 35 ùtefan-Vodă 149 174 25 165 1 7 149 Străúeni 60 196 136 101 4 12 60 Taraclia 18 126 108 58 4 10 18 Teleneúti 43 166 123 79 4 12 43 Tighina 0 97 97 28 2 13 0 Tiraspol 6 69 63 37 2 7 6 Tiraspol-Nou 4 39 35 25 1 6 4 Ungheni 33 78 45 56 2 9 33 Vadul lui 0 118 118 40 5 13 0 Voda Vatra 47 75 28 57 3 6 47 Vulcaneúti 19 90 71 44 3 9 19 Sursa: în baza modelului numeric al terenului ASTER Global Digital Elevation Map

Rezultate úi discuĠii SituaĠia aúezărilor urbane în raport cu relieful prezintă unele trăVături caracteristice, ca urmare a variaĠiei indicatorilor morfometrici prezentaĠi (altitudinea úi gradului de înclinare al pantei). Trebuie de menĠionat că aspectul fiziografic (morfologic) poate fi analizat la nivel de macroscară (podiú, deal, câmpie) úi mezoscară (văi, depresiuni, terase, lunci) [6]. Prin corelarea acestor indicatori la caracteristicile unităĠilor morfologice au fost diferenĠiate următoarele tipuri de localizare ale aúezărilor urbane din Republica Moldova: $úezări urbane din cursul mijlociu al râului Nistru. În această grupă se includ localităĠile urbane ca: Otaci, Soroca, Camenca, Rezina, RâbniĠa, Vadul lui Vodă úi Criuleni amplasate pe terasele inferioare úi pe unele sectoare de versanĠi abrupĠi, cu un grad de înclinare de peste 12º. În cadrul acestor oraúe, gradul de înclinare al pantelor variază între 12-25 º, cu valori minime de 12-13 º pentru oraúele Criuleni úi Vadul-lui- Vodăúi valori maxime de 20-25 º pentru oraúele Soroca, Camenca úi Rezina. Valoarea acestor indicatori este determinată de amplitudinea reliefului, care variază de la 75 metri pentru oraúul Criuleni la 203 metri pentru oraúul Soroca.

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$úezări urbane din cursul inferior al râului Nistru. Din această grupă fac parte oraúele aúezate în Câmpia Nistrului Inferior (Tiraspol, Tighina, Dubăsari, Grigoriopol, Slobozia, Crasnoe úi Dnestrovsc). Sub aspect morfologic aceste oraúe au un relief de câmpie, fiind extinse preponderent pe terasele inferioare ale Nistrului, cu unele diferenĠe la nivel regional. Astfel, oraúele din nordul câmpiei (Grigoriopol úi DubăVări) s-au extins în limitele teraselor 1-6, de regulă aceste sînt mai înguste úi respectiv mai abrupte. Gradul de înclinare al pantelor fiind cuprins între 8-14 º, iar amplitudinea reliefului variază între 60 úi 107 metri. Oraúele Slobozia, Dnestrovsc úi Crasnoe sînt cuprinse în limitele celei de a doua terase ale Nistrului Inferior, din aceste considerente, indicatorii morfometrici nu prezintă variaĠii semnificative. Pantele acestei terase sînt domoale, avînd un grad de înclinare de 1-2 º pentru oraúele Dnestrovsc úi Crasnoe, úi respectiv de 8 º pentru oraúul Slobozia. Amplitudinea reliefului indică valori de 9 metri pentru oraúele Dnestrovsc, Crasnoe úi 33 metri pentru oraúul Slobozia. $úezări urbane din lunca râului Prut. În această grupă se includ oraúele aúezate nemijlocit în lunca rîului Prut: Lipcani, Costeúti, Ungheni, Leova, Cahul, relieful prezintă asemăQări sub aspect morfologic úi morfometric. Aceste oraúe ocupă preponderent terasele rîului Prut cu unele deosebiri în aspect spaĠial. Astfel, oraúul Leova s-a restrîns în limitele teraselor inferioare, orăúelul Costeúti pe terasele 6-9, iar oraúele Cahul úi Ungheni de pe terasele inferioare s-au extins ulterior úi pe sectoarele de teren cu suprafeĠe plane, aflate la altitudini mai mari. PoziĠia geografică a oraúelor în limitele unei sau a mai multor structuri morfologice a influienĠat asupra variaĠiei indicatorilor morfometrici. Însă în linii generale, gradul de înclinare a pantelor nu prezintă variaĠii semnificative, fiind mai mic în cazul oraúului Costeúti 5º úi mai mare pentru or. Cahul 10º. Amplitudinea reliefului variază în aceleaúi condiĠii, fiind cuprinsă între 50 - 100 metri. $úezări urbane din lunca râului Răut: Floreúti, Mărculeúti, Ghindeúti, BiruinĠa sunt aúezate pe terasele inferioare ale râului Răut. Gradul de înclinare al pantei este cuprins în limitele 6-12º. Acest indicator este mai înalt pentru orăúelul Ghindeúti, care se află la contactul dintre două unităĠi fizico-geografice precum Câmpia Cuboltei úi Podiúul Nistrului. Valorile amplitudinii reliefului acestor oraúe variază de la 46 metri pentru orăúelul Mărculeúti pînă la 79 metri pentru oraúul Floreúti. $úezări urbane din Podiúul Moldovei de Nord la care se referă oraúele Drochia, Donduúeni, Briceni, OcniĠa, Frunză, EdineĠ. Pentru aceste oraúe, cu unele excepĠii, este specific aúezarea pe forme plane de relief, cu un grad redus de înclinare al pantei 5-8º. Declivitatea redusă este determinată de valori mici ai amplitudinii reliefului în cadrul aúezărilor urbane Frunză (37 metri), Donduúeni (47 metri), OcniĠa (58 metri), EdineĠ (88 metri). $úezări urbane din Podiúul Codrilor úi Podiúul Nistrului. Din această grupă fac parte oraúele Chiúinău, Teleneúti, Nisporeni, Corneúti, Străúeni, Codru, Hînceúti, Orhei, Durleúti, Cricova cu un relief puternic dezmembrat de o reĠea deasă de ravene, văi, vâlcele etc. În cadrul acestor unităĠi fizico-geografice oraúele au ocupat diverse sectoare morfologice: luncile úi terasele râurilor, versanĠii abrupĠi úi suprafeĠele plane de relief cu un grad mai redus de fragmentare. De regulă, în cadrul intravilanului acestor localităĠi cele mai mari suprafeĠe sînt ocupate de versanĠi abrupĠi, cu o înclinare de peste 6º. Structura morfologicăúi morfometrică a intravilanului este determinată de poziĠia oraúului în cadrul unităĠii de relief, reĠeaua hidrografică úi intensitatea proceselor de modelare. Astfel, oraúele Orhei úi Hînceúti aúezate în luncile rîurilor Răut, Cogâlnic úi Ciulucul Mic suprafeĠele plane sînt mai exprimate, spre deosebire de cele aúezate în albia rîurilor mici, care au versanĠi erodaĠi úi abrupĠi. DistribuĠia oraúelor pe diverse trepte

30 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013 altimetrice a influienĠat asupra amplitudinii reliefului. Cele mai mici valori sînt înregistarate pentru oraúele Hînceúti úi Cricova (98 metri) iar cele mai înalte valori sînt înregistate de oraúele din partea Centrală úi de Vest a Codrilor - Străúeni (136 metri), Corneúti (145 metri) úi Nisporeni (179 metri). $úezările urbane din Câmpiile Moldovei de Sud. Pe acestă unitate fizico- geografică sunt aúezate oraúele Cimiúlia, Basarabeasca, Comrat, Ceadâr-Lunga, Taraclia, Vulcăneúti, CăXúeni, ùtefan-Vodă, Anenii-Noi. Structură geomorfologică a reliefului este determinată de caracterul litologic úi activităĠile intense desfăúurate de arterele hidrografice ca factor modelator. În funcĠie de aúezarea oraúelor pe diverse structuri geomorfologice pot fi individualizate următoarele grupe: a) oraúe aúezate în luncile râurilor - Basarbeasca, Cimiúlia (râul Cogâlnic), Vulcăneúti (râul Cahul). Pentru aceste aúezări este caracteristic valori mici al gradului de înclinare a reliefului 6-12° úi respectiv a amplitudinii acestuia- Basarabeasca (23 metri), Vulcăneúti (71 metri) úi Cimiúlia (88 metri); b) oraúe aúezate pe diverse sectoare morfologice (luncile úi terasele râurilor, versanĠi abrupĠi, interfluviile râurilor sau asocierea lor (Taraclia, Comrat, Ceadîr-Lunga, &ăXúeni, Anenii-Noi). De regulă intravilanul acestor aúezări urbane s-a extins, începînd cu terasele inferioare ale rîurilor Botna, Ialpug úi afluientul Lunga, care ulterior au cuprins úi sectoare cu versanĠi mai abrupĠi (3-6º úi 6-12º). Valoarea maximă a pantei constituie 9-10º.

Concluzii ReĠeaua actuală de aúezări urbane din Republica Moldova este indisolubil legată de morfologia spaĠiului fizico-geografic. Însă, pornind de la condiĠiile locale de relief se observă o preferinĠă a aúezărilor urbane pentru situl de terasă, care este cea mai răspîndită formă de localizare. În acelaúi timp oraúele situate în apropiere de luncile râurilor sunt supuse frecvent riscului la inundaĠii, iar localizarea pe un relief fragmentat reprezintă pentru unele oraúe un risc major la alunecările de teren. Din aceste considerente ar fi necesar deplasarea intravilanului urban spre sectoare de teren mai puĠin expuse faĠă de aceste hazarde, în vederea dezvoltării durabile a sistemului de localităĠi.

Bibliografie 1. Pelletier J. Delfante Ch. Villes et urbanisme dans le monde, 4 édition, Armand Colin, Paris, 2007. 196 p. 2. Republica Moldova. Harta administrativ-teritorială (scara 1: 400 000). // EdiĠia a treia: AgenĠia de Stat RelaĠii Funciare úi Geodezie a Republcii Moldova, Chiúinău, 2003. 3. Boboc, N., MiĠul, E., Sîrodoiev, Gh. UnităĠi de relief (scara 1: 500 000). // Republica Moldova. CondiĠii geomorfologice.Chiúinău:,,Iulian”, 2006. 4. ȻɢɥɢɧɤɢɫȽɆ., Ȼɭɤɚɬɱɭɤɉ. Ⱦ., ɞɪ., ȽɟɨɦɨɪɮɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɤɚɪɬɚɆɨɥɞɚɜɫɤɨɣɋɋɊ - 1:200 000, ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɝɟɨɮɢɡɢɤɢɢɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɢ, 1985 ɝ. 5. ASTER Global Digital Elevation Map, http://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/gdem.asp, accesat 17 noiembrie 2013. 6. Gâútescu P., Ecologia aúezărilor umane, Editura UniversităĠii din Bucureúti, 1998, 142 p. Primit la redacĠie –5 decembrie 2013

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ɍȾɄ 550.348.096.64 ɋɬɟɩɚɧɟɧɤɨɇə., ɂɥɢɟɲɂɂ., ɋɢɦɨɧɨɜɚɇȺ., Ⱥɥɟɤɫɟɟɜɂȼ.

ɋɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɶɄɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɨɝɨɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɩɨ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹɦɜɆɨɥɞɨɜɟɜ 2012 ɝɨɞɭ

Abstract

Work contains the review of seismicity of the Carpathian region in 2012 on the basis of data of one analog, 5 digital, located in the territory of Moldova, and 11 digital stations in Romania The regional catalog received by results of supervision is provided. 52 earthquakes with Md=2.5-4.4 magnitude are registered and processed, from them 45 are connected seismic zone of intermediate earthquakes Vrancea. The diagram for depths of earthquakes is shown. The cumulative magnitude-frequency distribution is given. Low seismisity was observed in Carpathian region this year: level of seismic energy is 5 times lower that in 2011. 5 earthquakes were felt in the territory of Moldova with intensity I=3. The fault plane solutions of 4 earthquakes of area of Vrancha are received.

Rezumat

Articolul oferă o imagine de ansamblu a seismicităĠii zonei Carpatice în anul 2012 conform datelor furnizate de o staĠie analogică, 5 staĠii digitale de monitorizare din teritoriul Republicii Moldova si 11 staĠii digitale din România. Se prezintă catalogul regional, rezultat din cercetările instrumentale în Republica Moldova. Sunt înregistrate úi prelucrate 52 de seisme cu magnitudini Md=2.5-4.4, din acestea 45 de adâncimi intermediare din regiunea Vrancea. Se prezintă diagrama distribuĠiei focarelor după adîncime úi distribuĠia frecvenĠei de apariĠie-magnitudine. În anul 2012 s-a atestat o seismicitate slabă a regiunii Carpatiene: nivelul energiei seismice a fost de 5 ori mai mic decât în anul 2011. Pe teritoriul Republicii Moldovei au fost resimĠite 5 cutremure, intensitatea cărora n-a depăúit 3 grade conform scării MSK-64. Au fost obĠinute soluĠii ale mecanismelor de focar a 4 cutremure din regiunea Vrancea.

Ɋɟɡɸɦɟ

ȼɪɚɛɨɬɟɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹɨɛɡɨɪɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɢɄɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɨɝɨɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɜ 2012 ɝɨɞɭɧɚɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ, 5 ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɯ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ Ɇɨɥɞɨɜɵ, ɢ 11 ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ ɜ Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɢ. ɉɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɚɬɚɥɨɝ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣ. Ɂɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɨɢɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɨ 52 ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɫɦɚɝɧɢɬɭɞɨɣ Md=2.5-4.4, ɢɡɧɢɯ 45 ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹɤɡɨɧɟɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɵɯɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣȼɪɚɧɱɚ. ɉɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɞɢɚɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ. ɉɨɤɚɡɚɧ ɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɝɪɚɮɢɤ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɹɟɦɨɫɬɢ. ȼ 2012 ɝɨɞɭ ɜ Ʉɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɨɦ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɚɫɶ ɫɥɚɛɚɹ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ: ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɷɧɟɪɝɢɢɜ 5 ɪɚɡɧɢɠɟɬɚɤɨɜɨɣɜ 2011 ɝɨɞɭ. 5 ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ Ɇɨɥɞɨɜɵ. ɂɯ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɥɚ 3 ɛɚɥɥɚ ɩɨ ɲɤɚɥɟ Ɇ6Ʉ-64. ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɵɪɟɲɟɧɢɹɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ 4 ɨɱɚɝɨɜɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢȼɪɚɧɱɚ.

32 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ȼ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɵ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɨ ɟɠɟɝɨɞɧɨɦɭ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɦɨɧɢɬɨɪɢɧɝɭ Ʉɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ, ɧɚɱɚɬɵɟ ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɦ Ȼɸɥɥɟɬɟɧɟ ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɚ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɫɟɣɫɦɨɥɨɝɢɢȺɇɆɜ 2010 ɝɨɞɭ [1-3]. ɋɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹ ɜ Ɇɨɥɞɨɜɟ ɜ 2012 ɝɨɞɭ ɜɟɥɢɫɶ ɧɚ 5 ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɯ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɪɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɢ Ɇɨɥɞɨɜɚ, 11 ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɯ, ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹɜɊɭɦɵɧɢɢ, ɢɨɞɧɨɣɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ «Ʉɢɲɢɧɟɜ». Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɩɨɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɦɡɚɩɢɫɹɦɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɨɫɶ ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɜ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɤɢɧɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɭɬɨɱɧɹɥɢɫɶ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ SeisGram2K [4]. ȼ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɞɥɹ ɛɥɢɡɤɢɯ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɚɝɧɢɬɭɞɚ ML, ɚ ɩɪɢ ɪɭɱɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɫɦɨɬɪɟ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɯ ɡɚɩɢɫɟɣ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɥɚɫɶ ɦɚɝɧɢɬɭɞɚ ɩɨ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ Md, ɝɞɟ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɡɚɩɢɫɢɨɬɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɥɚɫɶɨɬɧɚɱɚɥɚɡɚɩɢɫɢɞɨɬɨɝɨɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ, ɤɨɝɞɚɡɚɩɢɫɶ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɫɪɚɜɧɢɜɚɥɚɫɶɫɮɨɧɨɦɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ. Ʌɨɤɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɨɱɚɝɨɜ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɥɚɫɶ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ HYPOS, ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɟ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɫɟɣɫɦɨɥɨɝɢɢ Ⱥɇ ɊɆ. ɂɫɯɨɞɧɵɦ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɝɢɩɨɰɟɧɬɪɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɜɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ P ɢ Sɜɨɥɧɧɚ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɯ ɫɟɬɢ. ɉɨ ɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɢ S-P ɜɵɱɢɫɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɡɚɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɵ ɨɱɚɝɚ, ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɚ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɧɢɰɚ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɦɵɦ ɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɦ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɹɦɢ, ɬɟ. ɨɲɢɛɤɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦ ɦɢɧɢɦɢɡɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ. ɉɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɚ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɨ ɬɟɯ ɩɨɪ, ɩɨɤɚ ɧɟ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɧɭɬɚ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɚɹ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ. ȾɥɹɭɱɺɬɚɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɜɨɥɧɜɄɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɨɦɪɟɝɢɨɧɟ ɜ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɝɨɞɨɝɪɚɮ ɞɥɹ ɝɥɭɛɢɧ ɨɬ 10 ɞɨ 160 ɤɦ ɫ ɲɚɝɨɦ 10 ɤɦ [5]. ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɞɚɺɬ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬ ɝɢɩɨɰɟɧɬɪɚ, ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɰɟɧɤɭ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚ, ɤɚɤ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɚɦ ɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɚ ɢ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɜ ɨɱɚɝɟ. Ƚɥɭɛɢɧɚɨɱɚɝɚɨɰɟɧɢɜɚɟɬɫɹɫɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶɸ ±10 ɤɦ. Ɂɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɨ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɨ 52 ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ Ʉɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ. Ɉɱɚɝɢ 45 ɢɡ ɧɢɯ ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɢ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ (70-160 ɤɦ) ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ȼɪɚɧɱɚ. Ɉɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɹ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɤ ɤɨɪɨɜɵɦ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɦ. ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɨɱɚɝɨɜɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵɜɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 1. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɢɧɚɜɫɟɯɷɬɚɠɚɯɝɥɭɛɢɧɨɱɚɝɨɜɨɣɡɨɧɵɨɬ 70 ɞɨ 160 ɤɦ, ɧɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɟɟ ɢɯ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɩɪɢɭɪɨɱɟɧɨ ɤ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɭ 110-130 ɤɦ. ɉɨ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ ɡɚɥɟɝɚɧɢɹɜɪɚɧɱɫɤɢɟɨɱɚɝɢɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɥɢɫɶɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ (ɪɢɫ. 1): 12

10

8

N 6 4 2 0 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160

H, km Ɋɢɫ. 1. Ɋɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢȼɪɚɧɱɚɡɚ 2012 ɝɨɞɩɨɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ.

33 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 1. ɄɚɬɚɥɨɝɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɄɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɨɝɨɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɩɨɞɚɧɧɵɦɫɟɬɢ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣɆɨɥɞɨɜɵɜ 2012 ɝɨɞɭ Ⱦɚɬɚ ȼɪɟɦɹ Ʉɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɵ Ƚɥɭɛɢɧɚ Ʉɪ/n Ɇɚɝɧɢɬɭɞɚ ɦɟɫ ɱɢɫɥ ɱɚɫ ɦɢɧ ɫ įt0,c ijż įijż Ȝż įȜż h, ɤɦ ǻh, ɤɦ Mpv Msm Md 1 1 23 57 20.8 1.9 45.12 0.26 23.4 0.26 10 10 11,7 3,6 4,0 4,3/1 1 2 6 48 51 0.26 45.58 0.06 26.36 0.06 130 10 2,5/5 1 10 18 25 45.3 0.5 45.63 0.08 26.19 0.08 140 10 11.2 4,1 4,3 4,1/10 1 19 18 5 56.2 0.53 45.56 0.05 26.42 0.05 110 10 10,5 3,7 3,6/11 1 23 13 40 19.9 0.98 45.91 0.9 26.67 0.9 30 10 3,2/6 2 27 9 21 36.3 0.66 45.84 0.16 26.62 0.16 80 10 3,1/3 3 1 10 3 50.1 0.59 45.52 0.08 26.33 0.08 110 10 3,0/6 3 21 12 49 11.9 0.59 45.69 0.07 26.42 0.07 110 10 3,3/4 3 30 15 25 52.5 1.8 45.11 0.14 28.19 0.14 10 10 9,8 3,2 3,1/9 4 1 12 8 6.4 1.2 45.68 0.24 26.7 0.24 120 10 2,6/5 4 12 0 33 23.5 0.56 45.74 0.13 26.53 0.13 150 10 8.9 2,8 3,1/8 4 16 16 39 9 0.44 45.66 0.07 26.4 0.07 160 10 10.0 3,3 3,4/8 4 23 10 41 11.4 0.48 45.94 0.1 26.46 0.1 120 10 2,7/4 4 26 14 32 40.8 0.65 45.6 0.07 26.45 0.07 120 10 12.2 4.0 4.3 3.9/13 5 5 17 7 18.4 0.67 45.67 0.1 26.53 0.1 110 10 11.5 3.7 4.1 3.8/11 5 6 20 52 44 0.57 45.69 0.1 26.63 0.1 120 10 8.6 3.1/8 5 11 17 40 12.7 0.78 45.61 0.09 26.56 0.09 150 10 9.0 2.9 3.3/8 5 26 2 30 26.1 0.51 45.71 0.1 26.76 0.1 120 10 11.0 4.0 4.0 4.0/11 5 27 5 58 46.1 0.73 45.7 0.06 26.53 0.06 80 10 8.6 2.3 3.4/11 5 30 12 59 52 0.39 45.86 0.05 26.47 0.05 120 10 2.8/7 6 6 13 37 41 0.62 45.58 0.06 26.24 0.06 160 10 2.7/7 6 16 8 26 29.1 0.52 45.62 0.08 26.44 0.08 150 10 2.9/6 6 30 18 34 54.4 0.79 45.5 0.08 26.47 0.08 120 10 3.2/7 7 6 22 48 0.8 0.87 45.78 0.08 26.59 0.08 110 10 12.3 4.3 4.3 4.4/15 7 12 2 20 24.3 0.45 45.75 0.08 26.54 0.08 110 10 12.0 3.5 4.3 4.2/14 7 13 10 42 7.8 0.5 45.72 0.08 26.5 0.08 140 10 8.7 2.5 3.3/7 8 18 10 20 39.3 0.82 45.8 0.13 26.51 0.13 100 10 10.0 3.7 3.6/14 8 19 14 22 24.4 1.23 45.93 0.08 27.25 0.08 10 10 3.1/11 8 19 16 19 22.9 0.43 45.73 0.07 26.28 0.07 150 10 2.6/6 8 31 20 22 5.8 0.53 45.58 0.12 26.31 0.12 130 10 11.6 4.1 3.9 3.9/13 9 4 17 39 49.8 0.67 45.69 0.09 26.5 0.09 120 10 3.4 3.1 3.4/13 9 9 19 53 40.2 0.4 45.71 0.08 26.44 0.08 150 10 3.7/14 9 10 1 0 16.8 0.51 45.62 0.08 26.58 0.08 110 10 3.4/11 9 23 20 35 48.6 0.52 45.61 0.06 26.48 0.06 160 10 3.3/6 9 27 16 1 27.7 0.61 45.75 0.07 26.78 0.07 100 10 10.5 3.6 3.6/11 10 1 2 43 40.6 1.67 45.54 0.11 26.62 0.11 130 10 8.3 2.4 3.2/6 10 1 17 26 17.9 0.7 45.74 0.03 26.76 0.03 80 10 11.2 3.5 4.0 4.2/12 10 21 2 0 52.1 0.53 45.77 0.06 26.66 0.06 70 10 3.1/5 10 21 21 55 56.6 0.55 45.57 0.03 26.53 0.03 110 10 3.1/6 10 25 20 53 29.7 0.48 45.6 0.03 26.64 0.03 120 10 10.1 3.5 3.4 3.4/8 10 25 23 39 13.3 0.24 45.71 0.04 26.55 0.04 110 10 3.2/4 10 31 13 0 47.7 0.4 45.75 0.04 26.59 0.04 130 10 10.0 3.6 3.5/8 11 4 2 41 4.7 0.45 45.71 0.06 26.7 0.06 130 10 9.4 3.1 3.4/10 11 4 16 33 52.9 0.71 45.76 0.05 26.65 0.05 70 10 9.4 3.2 3.7/13 11 11 11 2 5 0.65 45.76 0.05 26.69 0.05 80 10 10.2 3.4 3.7/10 12 1 20 52 8 0.61 45.75 0.06 26.76 0.06 80 10 12.3 3.7 4.4 4.3/13 12 3 18 58 41.9 1.2 43.67 0.04 29.17 0.04 10 10 12.4 4.5 3.9/9 12 7 1 32 21.6 2 45.59 0.14 27.76 0.14 10 10 9.9 3.2 3.4/8 12 9 10 16 39.7 0.46 45.52 0.05 26.55 0.05 100 10 2.7/5 12 12 6 24 50 0.31 45.8 0.05 26.67 0.05 70 10 3.2/4 12 20 0 27 56.6 0.6 45.88 0.03 26.8 0.03 110 10 2.8/5 12 24 5 1 4.3 0.94 45.3 0.06 26.94 0.06 30 10 2.8/7

34 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɄɥɚɫɫɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɥɫɹɩɨɩɚɥɟɬɤɟɌȽ. Ɋɚɭɬɢɚɧ [6] Mpv – ɦɚɝɧɢɬɭɞɚɩɨɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɣɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɣɩɪɨɞɨɥɶɧɨɣ (Ɋ) ɜɨɥɧɵ; Msm – ɦɚɝɧɢɬɭɞɚɩɨɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣɮɚɡɟɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɨɣ (S) ɜɨɥɧɵ; Md – ɦɚɝɧɢɬɭɞɚɩɨɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ. ɇɚ ɪɢɫ. 2 ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɝɪɚɮɢɤ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɹɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢȼɪɚɧɱɚ lg NȈ = f(Md), ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɣɧɚɨɫɧɨɜɟɬɚɛ. 1. ɂɡɝɪɚɮɢɤɚɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɦ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ, ɡɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɦɢɆɨɥɞɨɜɵɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɦɚɝɧɢɬɭɞɚ Ɇd=3,5. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɦɟɧɶɲɟɣɦɚɝɧɢɬɭɞɵ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ. ɍɝɥɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɹɟɦɨɫɬɢ b= - 0,75. Ʌɢɧɟɣɧɚɹɢɧɬɟɪɩɨɥɹɰɢɹɝɪɚɮɢɤɚɩɨɜɬɨɪɹɟɦɨɫɬɢɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɤɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɸ: lg NȈ = 3,7 – 0,75 Md 2

1,5 N 1 g l 0,5 0 2,5 3 3,5 4 4,5

M Ɋɢɫ. 2. Ʉɭɦɭɥɹɬɢɜɧɵɣɝɪɚɮɢɤɩɨɜɬɨɪɹɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢȼɪɚɧɱɚɡɚ 2012 ɝɨɞ. ɋɭɦɦɚɪɧɚɹɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɧɚɹɷɧɟɪɝɢɹɜɨȼɪɚɧɱɟɡɚɝɨɞɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɥɚ 4,2ɯ10 12 Ⱦɠ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɱɬɢɜ 5 ɪɚɡɦɟɧɶɲɟ, ɱɟɦɜ 2011 ɝɨɞɭ. ȼ 2012 ɝ. ɧɚɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢɆɨɥɞɨɜɵ 5 ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɨɛɥɚɫɬɢȼɪɚɧɱɚɨɳɭɳɚɥɢɫɶ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɪɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɢ (ɬɚɛ. 2): ɗɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɵ ɢɯ ɥɨɤɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɵ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɵɯɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ. Ƚɥɭɛɢɧɚɡɚɥɟɝɚɧɢɹɨɱɚɝɨɜɜɚɪɶɢɪɭɟɬɨɬ 80 ɞɨ 140 ɤɦ. Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 2. ɋɩɢɫɨɤɨɳɭɳɚɜɲɢɯɫɹɜ 2012 ɝɨɞɭɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ (MOLD) Ⱦɚɬɚ ȼɪɟɦɹ ɒɢɪɨɬɚ Ⱦɨɥɝɨɬɚ Ƚɥɭɛɢɧɚ Ɇɚɝɧɢɬɭɞɚ ɂɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɜ ijº,N Ȝ°,E Msm Ʉɢɲɢɧɟɜɟ 01 10 18 25 45,63 26,19 140 4,0 2 04 26 14 32 45,60 26,45 120 4,3 2 07 06 06 07 45,78 26,59 110 4,3 2 07 12 12 20 45,75 26,54 110 4,3 2 Ʉɝɥ 12 01 20 52 45,75 26,76 80 4,4 3 MOLD – ɐɟɧɬɪɫɟɣɫɦɨɥɨɝɢɢɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɚɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɢɢɫɟɣɫɦɨɥɨɝɢɢȺɇɆɨɥɞɨɜɵ; Msm – ɦɚɝɧɢɬɭɞɚɩɨɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣɮɚɡɟɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɨɣ (S) ɜɨɥɧɵ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ 10 ɹɧɜɚɪɹ ɜ Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɢ ɩɨ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ [7-8] ɩɪɨɹɜɢɥɨɫɶ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɸ 4 ɛɚɥɥɚɜȽɚɥɚɰɟ. ȼȻɭɯɚɪɟɫɬɟ, əɫɫɚɯ, Ȼɭɡɷɭ – 3 ɛɚɥɥɚ. ȼɄɢɲɢɧɟɜɟ ɷɬɨ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɨɳɭɳɚɥɢ ɠɢɬɟɥɢ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɯ ɷɬɚɠɟɣ, ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɫɩɨɤɨɣɧɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ, ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɨɫɶ ɩɨɤɚɱɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɜ. Ɍɚɤɠɟ ɫ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɯ ɷɬɚɠɟɣ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɢɥɢ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨɛ ɨɳɭɳɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 26 ɚɩɪɟɥɹ. ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɫɥɵɲɚɥɨɫɶɞɪɟɛɟɡɠɚɧɢɟɫɬɺɤɨɥ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ 6 ɢɸɥɹɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɨɨɤɨɥɨɞɜɭɯɱɚɫɨɜɧɨɱɢ. ȼȻɭɯɚɪɟɫɬɟ, əɫɫɚɯ, Ƚɚɥɚɰɟ ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɵ 3-4-ɛɚɥɥɶɧɵɟ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ [7]. ȼ Ʉɢɲɢɧɟɜɟ, ɧɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɧɨɱɧɨɟ

35 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɜɪɟɦɹ, ɥɸɞɢɩɪɨɫɧɭɥɢɫɶɨɬɬɨɥɱɤɨɜ, ɛɵɥɢɡɜɨɧɤɢɫɨ 2-3 ɷɬɚɠɟɣ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɥɚɫɶ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɧɚ ɦɚɲɢɧɚɯ. ɉɪɨɫɧɭɥɢɫɶ ɨɬ ɝɭɥɚ, ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɨɳɭɬɢɥɢ ɬɨɥɱɨɤ ɢ ɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɠɢɬɟɥɢɝ. Ʉɚɝɭɥ. ɋɥɵɲɚɥɫɹɫɤɪɢɩɦɟɛɟɥɢ. Ɉɬɦɟɱɟɧɨɛɟɫɩɨɤɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɞɨ ɢ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶ ɜ ɛɥɢɡɥɟɠɚɳɢɯɤɄɚɝɭɥɭɫɺɥɚɯ. ȼɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢɜɫɟɥɟȾɠɭɪɞɠɭɥɟɲɬɵɨɳɭɬɢɥɢ ɛɵɫɬɪɵɣ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɬɨɥɱɨɤ ɢ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɢ ɩɨɤɚɱɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɥɸɫɬɪ. Ɉɳɭɬɢɥɢ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɠɢɬɟɥɢ ɝɨɪɨɞɚ Ʌɟɨɜɨ. ɉɪɨɫɧɭɥɢɫɶ ɨɬ ɝɭɥɚ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɦ, ɩɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɢ ɬɨɥɱɤɢ, ɛɵɫɬɪɵɟ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ, ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɢɫɩɭɝɚɥɨɫɶ, ɩɨɤɢɧɭɥɢ ɠɢɥɢɳɚ. ɇɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɨɫɶɫɥɚɛɨɟɩɨɤɚɱɢɜɚɧɢɟɥɸɫɬɪ, ɛɟɫɩɨɤɨɢɥɢɫɶɤɭɪɵ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ 12 ɢɸɥɹɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶɜɰɟɥɨɦɫɥɚɛɟɟ. ȼɝɨɪɨɞɟɄɚɝɭɥɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɪɨɫɧɭɥɢɫɶ, ɨɳɭɬɢɥɢ ɬɨɥɱɤɢ, ɥɺɝɤɨɟ ɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɫɥɵɲɚɥɫɹ ɫɤɪɢɩ ɞɜɟɪɟɣ, ɩɨɬɨɥɤɚ, ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɨɩɨɤɚɱɢɜɚɧɢɟɥɸɫɬɪ. ȼɨɞɧɨɦɫɥɭɱɚɟɭɩɚɥɥɺɝɤɢɣɩɪɟɞɦɟɬ. ɋɨɛɵɬɢɟ 1 ɞɟɤɚɛɪɹ ɹɜɢɥɨɫɶ ɫɢɥɶɧɟɣɲɢɦ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ȼɪɚɧɱɚ ɜ 2012 ɝɨɞɭ. Ɉɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶɫɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɸ 4 ɛɚɥɥɚɜɄɨɜɚɫɧɟ, Ȼɚɤɷɭ, Ȼɪɚɢɥɟ, Ƚɚɥɚɰɟ. ȼȻɭɯɚɪɟɫɬɟ, Ȼɪɚɲɨɜɟ, əɫɫɚɯ, Ʉɨɧɫɬɚɧɰɟ – 3 ɛɚɥɥɚ. Ƚɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɨɳɭɳɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɟ ɊɭɦɵɧɢɢȾɠɭɪɞɠɭɢɁɢɦɧɢɱɚ. Ɉɬɦɟɱɟɧɵɫɥɚɛɵɟɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɜɋɨɮɢɢ [8]. ȼɄɢɲɢɧɟɜɟɠɢɬɟɥɢɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɢɞɜɚɬɨɥɱɤɚɫɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɨɦ 5-10 ɫɟɤ. ɉɟɪɜɵɣ ɬɨɥɱɨɤɛɵɥɫɥɚɛɟɟɜɬɨɪɨɝɨ. ɂɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɦɟɠɞɭɧɢɦɢ 5-10 ɫɟɤ (3 ɛɚɥɥɚ). ɇɚɦɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɨ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ 4 ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɨɱɚɝɨɜ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 2012 ɝ. ɩɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɭ ɩɟɪɜɵɯ ɜɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ Pɜɨɥɧ. ɉɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɨ ɧɚ ɫɟɬɤɟ ȼɭɥɶɮɚ ɜ ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɧɢɠɧɸɸ ɩɨɥɭɫɮɟɪɭ. ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɦɢɪɨɜɨɣ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ [7-9]. Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɹɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵɜɬɚɛɥɢɱɧɨɦ (ɬɚɛ. 3) ɢɜɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɜɢɞɟ (ɪɢɫ.3) ɜɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɢɧɢɠɧɟɣɩɨɥɭɫɮɟɪɵ. Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 3. ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜɨɱɚɝɨɜɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢȼɪɚɧɱɚ. Ⱦɚɬɚ ɉɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɶ ɉɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɶ ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ N/n NP1 NP2 P B T Stk Dp Slip Stk Dp Slip Az Pl Az Pl Az Pl 10 01 180 80 -52 284 40 -166 126 40 352 38 240 26 61/6 19 01 207 80 140 306 50 14 264 20 16 48 158 36 42/7 12 07 240 46 103 44 46 78 143 1 52 8 234 82 50/4 01 12 246 50 94 60 40 84 334 5 65 3 196 84 61/6 NP1 – ɩɟɪɜɚɹɧɨɞɚɥɶɧɚɹɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɶ;NP2 – ɜɬɨɪɚɹɧɨɞɚɥɶɧɚɹɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɶ; Stk - ɚɡɢɦɭɬ (ɝɪɚɞɭɫ) ɩɪɨɫɬɢɪɚɧɢɹɧɨɞɚɥɶɧɨɣɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ;Dp – ɭɝɨɥ (ɝɪɚɞɭɫ) ɩɚɞɟɧɢɹɧɨɞɚɥɶɧɨɣɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ; Az – ɚɡɢɦɭɬ (ɝɪɚɞɭɫ) ɨɫɢɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ;Pl – ɭɝɨɥ (ɝɪɚɞɭɫ) ɨɫɢɫɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɨɦ; P – ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɫɠɚɬɢɹ; B – ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɨɟɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ; T – ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ;. Slip – ɭɝɨɥ (ɝɪɚɞɭɫ) ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɩɪɨɫɬɢɪɚɧɢɹɧɨɞɚɥɶɧɨɣɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢɢɜɟɤɬɨɪɨɦɩɨɞɜɢɠɤɢ, ɢɡɦɟɪɹɟɦɨɣɧɚɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢɪɚɡɪɵɜɚ.

01 10 2012 19 01 2012 12 07 2012 01 12 2012 Ɋɢɫ. 3.Ⱦɢɚɝɪɚɦɦɵɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜɨɱɚɝɨɜɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ 2012 ɝ. P – ɨɫɶɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɫɠɚɬɢɹɌ – ɨɫɶɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ. Ɂɚɱɟɪɧɟɧɵɨɛɥɚɫɬɢɜɨɥɧɪɚɡɪɟɠɟɧɢɹ.

36 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɨɱɚɝɚ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 10 ɹɧɜɚɪɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ 61 ɡɧɚɤɚ ɜɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ Ɋɜɨɥɧ (43 - ɫɠɚɬɢɟ, 18 - ɪɚɡɪɟɠɟɧɢɟ). Ɂɧɚɤɢɯɨɪɨɲɨɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹɧɚ ɫɬɟɪɟɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɢ. Ɉɞɧɚ ɢɡ ɤɪɭɬɵɯ ɧɨɞɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɟɣ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɦɟɪɢɞɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɢɪɚɧɢɟ. ȼɬɨɪɚɹ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɥɨɝɚɹ. ȼ ɰɟɧɬɪɟ ɫɟɬɤɢ ȼɭɥɶɮɚ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɚ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ ɫɠɚɬɢɹ, ɱɬɨ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɬɢɩɢɱɧɵɦ ɞɥɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ȼɪɚɧɱɚ. Ɉɫɢ ɫɠɚɬɢɹ ɢ ɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɧɵ. Ɍɢɩ ɩɨɞɜɢɠɤɢ ɫɛɪɨɫɨɫɞɜɢɝ. Ɉɱɚɝ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɛɵɥɩɪɢɭɪɨɱɟɧɤɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɧɨɣɨɤɪɚɢɧɟɮɨɤɚɥɶɧɨɣɡɨɧɵɢɧɢɠɧɟɦɭ ɷɬɚɠɭɝɥɭɛɢɧɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɵɯɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ 19 ɹɧɜɚɪɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɨ ɜ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɨɱɚɝɨɜɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɩɨɞ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɫɢɥ ɛɥɢɡɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɠɚɬɢɹ ɢ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ. Ɂɧɚɤɢ ɩɥɨɯɨɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ. Ɍɢɩɩɨɞɜɢɠɤɢɫɞɜɢɝɨɧɚɞɜɢɝ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 12 ɢɸɥɹ ɢ 1 ɞɟɤɚɛɪɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɢ ɩɨɞ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɫɢɥ ɛɥɢɡɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɠɚɬɢɹ ɢ ɛɥɢɡɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ. Ɉɛɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɟ ɧɨɞɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞɧɨɟ – ɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɢɪɚɧɢɟ. Ƚɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɫɠɢɦɚɸɳɢɯ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɣ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɵ ɤ Ʉɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɨɣ ɞɭɝɟɜɪɚɣɨɧɟɟɟɢɡɝɢɛɚ. Ʌɢɧɢɹɩɟɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɹɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ, ɜɤɨɬɨɪɨɣɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹɨɫɢ Ɋ ɢ Ɍ, ɫɡɟɦɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸ, ɫɥɭɠɢɬɤɚɫɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣɤɝɨɪɧɨɣɞɭɝɟ. Ɍɢɩɩɨɞɜɢɠɤɢɩɨ ɨɛɟɢɦɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɹɦɧɚɞɜɢɝɨɜɵɣɫɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɣɫɞɜɢɝɨɜɨɣɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɣ. Ɍɚɤɨɣɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɚɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɬɢɩɢɱɧɵɦɞɥɹɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɵɯɜɪɚɧɱɫɤɢɯɨɱɚɝɨɜ.

Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ 1. ɂɥɢɟɲ ɂɂ., ɋɬɟɩɚɧɟɧɤɨ ɇə., ɋɢɦɨɧɨɜɚ ɇȺ., Ⱥɥɟɤɫɟɟɜ ɂȼ. ɋɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɄɚɪɩɚɬɩɨɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹɦɧɚɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɯɆɨɥɞɨɜɵɜ 2009 ɝɨɞɭ. Buletinul Instituiului de ica si Geologie úi seismologie al Academiei de ùtiinĠe a Moldovei. N1, 2010. P. 32-40. 2. Ilieú I., Simonov N., Stepanenco N., Alekseev I. Seismicitatea regiunii Carpatice în anul 2010 în baza datelor de observaĠie seismice din Republica Moldova. Buletinul Instituiului de Geofizica si Geologie al Academiei de ùtiinĠe a Moldovei. N1, 2011. P. 5-16. 3. ɂɥɢɟɲɂɂ.,Ⱥɥɟɤɫɟɟɜɂȼ., ɋɢɦɨɧɨɜɚɇȺ.. ɋɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɶɄɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɨɝɨɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ ɩɨɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹɦɜɆɨɥɞɨɜɟɜ 2011 ɝɨɞɭ. Buletinul Instituiului de ica si Geologie úi seismologie al Academiei de ùtiinĠe a Moldovei. N2, 2012. P. 62-68. 4. Institutul National pentru Fizica Pamantului C.P. MG-2, Bucuresti-Magurele. Romania, http://infp.infp.ro/egsinfo.php. 5. International Seismological Centre, On-line Bulletin, http://www.isc.ac.uk/Bull. Internatl. Seis. Cent., Thatcham, United Kingdom, 2009. 6. EMSC, Earthquake information Euro-Med seismicity, Real Time Seismicity http://www.emsc-csem.org/Earthquake/seismologist.php. Primit la redacĠie –13 decembrie 2013

37 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɍȾɄ 550.343 ȻɭɪɬɢɟɜɊɁ., ɉɚɜɥɨɜɉɉ.

ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟɚɡɢɦɭɬɚɥɶɧɨɣɧɟɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɪɟɞɵɩɨɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɞɚɧɧɵɦ

Abstract On the basis of macroseismic data of the earthquakes occurred 10.11.1940, 04.07.1977, 31.08.1986, 30.05.1990 and 31.05.1990 the azimuthal heterogeneity of geophysical environment of Moldova and adjacent territories was investigated. For this study the arithmetic mean deviation of the intensity values in points, from their average value in the curvilinear trapezoid formed by the intersection of concentric circles emanating from the epicenter rays performed at equal azimuthal angles was determined. Studies have shown that the geophysical environment, underlying the macroseismic field of Moldova territory and neighboring countries is not homogeneous. Rezumat În baza unui set de date macroseismice ale cutremurilor 10.11.1940, 04.07.1977, 31.08.1986, 30.05.1990 úi 31.05.1990 a fost investigată eterogenitatea azimutală a mediul geofizic Moldovei úi teritoriilor învecinate. Pentru acest studiu a fost determinată deviere medie aritmetică a valorilor de intensitate în puncte, de la valoarea lor medie în trapezoidul curbiliniar formate prin intersecĠia de cercuri concentrice care provin de la razele epicentrale efectuate la unghiuri egale azimutale. Studiile efectuate au arătat că mediul geofizic subteran al teritoriului Moldovei úi Ġărilor vecine este eterogen. Ɋɟɡɸɦɟ ɇɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ, ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɟɞɲɢɯ 10.11.1940, 7.04.1977, 31.08.1986, 30.05.1990 ɢ 31.05.1990 ɝɝ. ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɚ ɚɡɢɦɭɬɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɧɟɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɶɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ Ɇɨɥɞɨɜɵɢɫɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɵɯɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɣ. ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɨɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɜ ɬɨɱɤɚɯ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɯ ɧɚ ɪɚɜɧɨɦ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɢ ɨɬ ɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɚ. Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥ, ɱɬɨ ɝɟɨɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɪɟɞɚ, ɩɨɞɫɬɢɥɚɸɳɚɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɵɟ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ, ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɧɟɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɣ.

ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɚɡɢɦɭɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɟɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ Ɇɨɥɞɨɜɵ ɢ ɫɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɣ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɨ ɧɚ ɛɚɡɟ ɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ, ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɟɞɲɢɯ 10.11.1940, 7.04.1977, 31.08.1986, 30.05.1990 ɢ 31.05.1990 ɝɝ. [1]. ɂɡ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɪɚɜɧɨɭɞɚɥɺɧɧɵɯ ɨɬ ɨɱɚɝɚ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɱɤɚɯ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɧɟɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɨɣ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɸ. ɗɬɨ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɦɢ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɦɢ: ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶɸ ɜɨɥɧ ɫɞɜɢɝɚ, ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɫɪɟɞɵ, ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜɨɝɨɫɥɨɹ, ɭɪɨɜɧɟɦɝɪɭɧɬɨɜɵɯɜɨɞ, ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɟɦɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢɜɤɨɪɟɧɧɵɯɩɨɪɨɞɚɯɢ ɜ ɜɵɲɟɥɟɠɚɳɢɯ ɫɥɨɹɯ, ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɟɣ ɨɱɚɝɚ, ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɢ ɞɪ. Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɟɝɨ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ: ɬɟɤɬɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟɦ ɡɨɧɵ, ɝɥɭɛɢɧɨɣ ɢ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɦ ɨɱɚɝɚ, ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɢɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɨɦɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɪɚɡɪɵɜɚ.

38 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟɧɟɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɢɝɟɨɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɪɟɞɵ ɩɨɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɂɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɧɚ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ ɨɱɚɝɚ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ, ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɧɚ ɩɭɬɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɨɥɧ ɢ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜɵɦɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦɢ ɩɨɞ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɨɣ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɟɣ. Ʉɚɤ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ, ɡɚɬɭɯɚɧɢɟ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɨɥɧɫɜɹɡɚɧɨɫɹɜɥɟɧɢɹɦɢɩɨɝɥɨɳɟɧɢɹ, ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɪɚɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹɢɪɚɫɫɟɹɧɢɹ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢɜɨɥɧɩɪɢɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɢɢɯɜɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɪɟɞɟ. ȼɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɦ ɧɚɦɢ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɨɱɚɝɢȼɪɚɧɱɫɤɢɯɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɫ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɨɣ 80-140 ɤɦɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɧɟɝɥɭɛɨɤɨ, ɢ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɨɥɧ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɝɥɚɜɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɜ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɯ ɫɥɨɹɯ. Ⱥɡɢɦɭɬɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɚɧɢɡɨɬɪɨɩɢɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɹ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɱɚɝɚ, ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɚ, ɜ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɩɪɨɱɢɯ ɩɪɢɱɢɧ, ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟɦ ɦɧɨɝɨɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ, ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɬɪɟɳɢɧɵ ɜ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɟ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɦɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢɞɚɧɧɨɝɨɨɱɚɝɚ. Ⱥɡɢɦɭɬɚɥɶɧɚɹɧɟɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚɬɭɯɚɧɢɹɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣɨɬɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɨɱɚɝɚȼɪɚɧɱɚ ɭɠɟ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɥɨ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ [2]. ȼ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɺɧ ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɹ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɯ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɯɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɫɰɟɥɶɸɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɹɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚɧɟɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɢɫɪɟɞɵ. ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɚɡɢɦɭɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɚɧɢɡɨɬɪɨɩɢɢ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɭɠɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɥɨɫɶ ɞɥɹ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢɂɬɚɥɢɢ [3]. Ɉɩɭɛɥɢɤɨɜɚɧɵ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɧɟɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɦɚɧɬɢɢ Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɢ ɢ ɫɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ [4,5]. ȼ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɟɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɨ ɩɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɯɟɦɟ. ɋɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɨɥɶɰɚ ɫ ɰɟɧɬɪɨɦ ɜ ɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ (ɪɢɫ. 1a). Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜɵɛɨɪɨɱɧɚɹ ɫɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɚɪɢɮɦɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ Și ɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɟ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɢɱɧɨɟ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ ıl ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢɜɬɨɱɤɚɯ, ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹɜɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯɤɨɥɶɰɚ ȡl, l=1,…,L, ɝɞɟ L – ɱɢɫɥɨ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɥɟɰ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɤɢ. Ⱦɚɥɟɟ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɟɫɹɢɡɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɭɱɢ, ɫɚɡɢɦɭɬɨɦ ȕk, k=1,…,K. Ƚɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɹɱɟɣɤɢ ǻlk, ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɟɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɤɨɥɶɰɚ ȡlɢɫɟɤɬɨɪɚ ȕk, ɛɭɞɭɬ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɮɨɪɦɭ ɤɪɢɜɨɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɯ ɬɪɟɭɝɨɥɶɧɢɤɨɜ ɢ ɬɪɚɩɟɰɢɣ (ɪɢɫ. 1b). ȼɵɱɢɫɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɱɢɫɥɨɜɵɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ Șlk ɢ ılk ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɬɨɱɤɚɯ, ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɯ ɹɱɟɣɤɟ, ɹɜɥɹɸɳɟɣɫɹɩɟɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɟɦ lɝɨɤɨɥɶɰɚɢ kɝɨɚɡɢɦɭɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɫɬɜɨɪɚ.

Ɋɢɫ. 1. ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɤɨɥɟɰɜɨɤɪɭɝɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɚ (ɚ) ɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɤɨɥɶɰɚɢɚɡɢɦɭɬɚɥɶɧɵɟɫɟɤɬɨɪɵ (ɛ). 39 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɉɨ ɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɤɚɪɬɚɦ, ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɣ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ, ɜɢɞɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɲɢɪɢɧɚɡɨɧɫɦɟɧɵɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢɜɛɚɥɥɚɯ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɦɟɪɟ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɚ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ. ɗɬɨ ɮɚɤɬ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɜɥɢɹɬɶ ɧɚ ɜɵɛɨɪɨɱɧɭɸ ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɸ ɬɨɱɟɤ ɌȾȻ (ɬɨɱɤɚ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɛɚɥɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ) ɜ ɹɱɟɣɤɚɯ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɚɡɢɦɭɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɜɨɪɚɧɚ ɪɚɡɧɨɦ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɢ ɨɬ ɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɚ. Ɍɨɟɫɬɶ, ɪɚɡɛɪɨɫɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢɜɨɤɪɭɝɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨɚɪɢɮɦɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɜɹɱɟɣɤɚɯɞɨɥɠɟɧɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɬɶɫɹɩɨɦɟɪɟɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɹɨɬɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɚ. ɉɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ, ɱɬɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢɜɹɱɟɣɤɚɯ ǻlkɢɦɟɸɬɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɫ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ (Șlk,ılk), ɫ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɣ ɜɵɛɨɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɟɣ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɤɨɥɶɰɚ: ıl1=ıl2=…=ılK. Ɉɩɢɪɚɹɫɶ ɧɚ ɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ, ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɭɥɟɜɚɹ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɚ H0 ɨ ɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɟ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɯɹɱɟɣɤɚɯɤɨɥɶɰɚ H0: Șl1=Șl2=…=ȘlK, ɩɪɢɤɨɧɤɭɪɢɪɭɸɳɟɣɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɟ H1: Ș1iȘlj, – ɨɧɟɫɨɜɩɚɞɟɧɢɢɯɨɬɹɛɵɩɪɢɨɞɧɨɦ Lj, i,j=1,…,K. ɉɪɚɜɞɨɩɨɞɨɛɢɟɧɭɥɟɜɨɣɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɵ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɧɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɵɛɨɪɨɱɧɵɦɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɦɢ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɹɱɟɣɤɚɯ, ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɨ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɬ ɰɟɧɬɪɚ ɢ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɬ ɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɚ ɩɨɞ ɪɚɡɧɵɦɢ ɚɡɢɦɭɬɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɭɝɥɚɦɢ. ȿɫɥɢ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɚ ɜɟɪɧɚɞɥɹɜɫɟɯɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɯɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɣ (ɞɥɹɜɫɟɯɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɤɨɥɟɰ), ɬɨɷɬɨ ɛɭɞɟɬɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶɨɛɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɢɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɪɟɞɵ. Ⱦɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɨɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɢ ɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɹ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɜɵɛɨɪɨɱɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ, ɬ. ɟ. ɢɡɭɱɢɬɶ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɟɦɨɝɨɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɧɚɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢɜɧɵɣɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɩɭɬɟɦɨɰɟɧɤɢɟɝɨɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɨɥɢɜɨɛɳɟɣɢɡɦɟɧɱɢɜɨɫɬɢɷɬɨɝɨɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɚ, ɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɨɣɜɥɢɹɧɢɟɦɜɫɟɯɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ. ɇɚɲɟɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɟɣ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɨɬɚɡɢɦɭɬɚɬɨɱɟɤɌȾȻ. ɉɨɞɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɦɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹɚɡɢɦɭɬ ȕk, ɚɩɨɞɭɪɨɜɧɟɦɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ Ilkjɬɨɱɟɤɜɹɱɟɣɤɚɯ ǻlk. Ɇɟɬɨɞ ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɡɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɫɭɦɦɵ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɨɜ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɣ ɨɬ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɧɚ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɧɭɸ ɫɭɦɦɭ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɨɜ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɣ (ɫɭɦɦɚɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɨɜɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɣɝɪɭɩɩɨɜɵɯɫɪɟɞɧɢɯɨɬɨɛɳɟɣɫɪɟɞɧɟɣ) ɢ ɧɚ ɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɭɸ ɫɭɦɦɭ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɨɜ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɣ (ɫɭɦɦɚ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɨɜ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɣ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣɨɬɝɪɭɩɩɨɜɵɯɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ) [6-9]. ȼɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɨɫɬɢɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɨɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɟ ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɣɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣɜ ɹɱɟɣɤɚɯ, ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɚɩɪɚɜɞɨɩɨɞɨɛɢɹɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɵ H0, ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɫɹɩɨɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɸɎɢɲɟɪɚ [6,9]:

S (K 1) L L nl 1 2 2 (1) Fs , S1 ¦nl (I l I ) , S2 ¦¦(I rl I l) S2 (Nl K) l 1 l 1 r 1 ɋɪɟɞɧɟɟɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢɬɨɱɟɤɜɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɦɤɨɥɶɰɟ l, ɢɜɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɹɱɟɣɤɟ kɤɨɥɶɰɚ lɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹɩɨɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ:

1 Nl 1 Nlk I l ¦ Ilj , Ilk ¦ Ilkj , (2) Nl j 1 Nlk j 1 ɝɞɟ: K – ɱɢɫɥɨɹɱɟɟɤɜɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɤɨɥɶɰɚɯ; L – ɱɢɫɥɨɤɪɭɝɨɜ; NL – ɱɢɫɥɨɬɨɱɟɤɜɤɨɥɶɰɟ l; Nlk – ɱɢɫɥɨɬɨɱɟɤɜɹɱɟɣɤɟǻlk,; N1l+N2l+…+NKl=Nlɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɱɢɫɥɨɬɨɱɟɤɜɤɨɥɶɰɟɫɧɨɦɟɪɨɦ l; N1+N2+…+NL=N – ɨɛɳɟɟɱɢɫɥɨɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣ.

40 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ ɬɟɫɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɹ Ȥ2 ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶɪɚɡɦɟɪɹɱɟɟɤ ɬɚɤ, ɱɬɨɛɵɱɢɫɥɨ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣɌȾȻ, ɩɨɩɚɜɲɢɯɜ ɹɱɟɣɤɢ, ɛɵɥɨɧɟɦɟɧɟɟ 10 [6,7]. ɇɭɥɟɜɚɹɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɚɨɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɟɫɪɟɞɧɢɯɚɪɢɮɦɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣɬɨɱɟɤɌȾȻ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɹɱɟɣɤɚɯ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɥɟɰ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ, ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɟɞɲɟɝɨ ɜ 1940 ɝ., ɧɟ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɞɢɥɚɫɶ. Ⱦɚɧɧɚɹ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɚ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɞɢɥɚɫɶ ɥɢɲɶ ɜ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ, ɞɥɹ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɨɥɟɰ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɨɣ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɨ ɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɟ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɨɛ ɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɪɟɞɵ, ɧɟ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɞɢɥɨɫɶ. Ʉɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɜɵɛɨɪɨɱɧɚɹ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɚ (1) ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ F-ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɟɭɪɨɜɧɸɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɢ Į=0.05. Ⱦɥɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɫɬɪɨɢɥɢɫɶ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɨɥɶɰɚ ɲɢɪɢɧɨɣ ɜ 20, 40 ɢ 60 ɤɦ, ɚ ɥɭɱɢ, ɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɢɡ ɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɚ, ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ ɱɟɪɟɡɤɚɠɞɵɟ 20 ɝɪɚɞɭɫɨɜ (ɪɢɫ. 1b). Ⱦɚɥɟɟ ɫɬɪɨɢɥɢɫɶ ɤɚɪɬɵ ɧɟɜɹɡɨɤ ɛɚɥɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɹɱɟɣɤɚɯ – ɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɛɚɥɥɨɜ ɜ ɹɱɟɣɤɚɯ ɫ ɢɯ ɚɪɢɮɦɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɦ (ɪɢɫ. 2-6): 'I I  I (3) rl rl l Ʌɟɝɟɧɞɚɤɚɪɬ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯɧɚɪɢɫɭɧɤɚɯ 2-6, ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɚɹ: x ɋɥɟɜɚɢɜɧɢɡɭɭɤɚɡɚɧɵɝɟɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɲɢɪɨɬɵɢɞɨɥɝɨɬɵɫɲɚɝɨɦɜ 2 ɝɪɚɞɭɫɚ, ɚɫɩɪɚɜɚɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɚɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɚɹɢɰɜɟɬɨɜɚɹɲɤɚɥɚɧɟɜɹɡɨɤ; x ɇɚ ɢɡɨɥɢɧɢɹɯ (ɥɢɧɢɹɯ ɪɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɜɹɡɤɢ) ɭɤɚɡɚɧɵ ɭɫɪɟɞɧɟɧɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɧɟɜɹɡɨɤɜɪɚɫɱɺɬɧɵɯɹɱɟɣɤɚɯ; x ɋɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ, ɫɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɟɦɢɯɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɣ, ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɵɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɦ (Ÿ); x Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟɝɪɚɧɢɰɵɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɵɫɢɦɜɨɥɚɦɢ (+). ɉɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ, ɱɬɨ ɧɟɜɹɡɤɢ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɫ ɧɟɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɦ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟɦ ȝ ɢ ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɟɣ ı2. Ⱦɨɜɟɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɫɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɫɬɶɸ Įɞɥɹɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ ȝ, ɩɪɢɧɟɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨɣɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɢ ı2ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹɩɨɮɨɪɦɭɥɟɩɨɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ [11]: § S S · J P¨ x  tD P x  tD ¸ , (4) © n 1 n 1 ¹ ɝɞɟ: nj – ɜɵɛɨɪɨɱɧɨɟɫɪɟɞɧɟɟɚɪɢɮɦɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟɛɚɥɥɨɜ; S – ɜɵɛɨɪɨɱɧɨɟɫɪɟɞɧɟɟɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɢɱɧɨɟɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ. ɋɪɟɞɧɟɚɪɢɮɦɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɬɨɱɟɤɌȾȻɜɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɹɱɟɣɤɚɯɨɤɚɡɚɥɨɫɶɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ 95%-ɧɵɯ ɞɨɜɟɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɨɜ. ȼ ɬɟɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɧɟɜɹɡɤɢ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɞɨɜɟɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɚ, ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɩɪɚɜɞɨɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɦ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɨ ɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɟ ɧɭɥɸ ɧɟɜɹɡɤɢ ɢ, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ, ɨɛ ɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ. ȼɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ, ɤɚɤ ɜɢɞɧɨɢɡɬɚɛɥɢɰɵ 1 ɢɤɚɤɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨɧɚɪɢɫɭɧɤɚɯ 2 – 6, ɱɚɫɬɶɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɨɣ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɣ. ȼ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 1 ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɞɨɜɟɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɵɞɥɹɜɫɟɯɩɪɨɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ.

41 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 1. Ƚɪɚɧɢɰɵ 95%-ɧɵɯɞɨɜɟɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɨɜɞɥɹɧɟɜɹɡɤɢɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ Ɋɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ, 10.11.1940 ɝ. 4.03.1977 ɝ. 31.08.1986 ɝ. 30.05.1990 ɝ. 31.05.1990 ɝ. ɤɦ ɇ ȼ ɇ ȼ ɇ ȼ ɇ ȼ ɇ ȼ 60 -0,604 0,604 -1,229 1,229 -0,041 0,041 -0,036 0,036 -0,056 0,056 120 -0,242 0,242 -0,029 0,029 -0,217 0,217 -0,035 0,035 -0,045 0,045 180 -0,252 0,252 -0,037 0,037 -0,229 0,229 -0,058 0,058 -0,194 0,194 240 -0,351 0,351 -0,048 0,048 -0,183 0,183 -0,053 0,053 -0,151 0,151 300 -0,214 0,214 -0,079 0,079 -0,171 0,171 -0,054 0,054 -0,347 0,347 360 -0,088 0,088 -0,098 0,098 -0,207 0,207 -0,053 0,053 -0,343 0,343 420 -0,142 0,142 -0,068 0,068 -0,140 0,140 -0,051 0,051 -0,506 0,506 480 -0,116 0,116 -0,057 0,057 -0,129 0,129 -0,337 0,337 540 -0,080 0,080 -0,043 0,043 -0,030 0,030 -0,179 0,179 600 -0,103 0,103 -0,037 0,037 -0,038 0,038 -0,154 0,154 660 -0,620 0,620 -0,039 0,039 -0,046 0,046 -0,171 0,171 720 -1,028 1,028 -0,020 0,020 -0,089 0,089 -0,146 0,146 780 -0,022 0,022 -0,125 0,125 840 -0,021 0,021 -0,136 0,136 900 -0,081 0,081 -0,110 0,110

Ɋɢɫ. 2. Ʉɚɪɬɚɚɡɢɦɭɬɚɥɶɧɵɯɧɟɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɨɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɞɚɧɧɵɦɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 10.11.1940

42 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

Ɋɢɫ. 3. Ʉɚɪɬɚɚɡɢɦɭɬɚɥɶɧɵɯɧɟɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɨɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɞɚɧɧɵɦɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 4.03.1977

Ɋɢɫ.4. Ʉɚɪɬɚɚɡɢɦɭɬɚɥɶɧɵɯɧɟɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɨɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɞɚɧɧɵɦɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 31.08.1986 ɝ.

43 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

Ɋɢɫ. 5. Ʉɚɪɬɚɚɡɢɦɭɬɚɥɶɧɵɯɧɟɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɨɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɞɚɧɧɵɦɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 30.05.1990 ɝ.

Ɋɢɫ. 6. Ʉɚɪɬɚɚɡɢɦɭɬɚɥɶɧɵɯɧɟɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɨɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɞɚɧɧɵɦɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 31.05.1990 ɝ.

44 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɋɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɟɪɚɡɦɟɪɵɲɚɛɥɨɧɨɜ (ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɚɹɲɢɪɢɧɚɤɨɥɟɰɢɚɡɢɦɭɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɟɤɬɨɪɨɜ) ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɜɚɬɶ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɧɚ ɡɚɬɭɯɚɧɢɟɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɨɬɪɚɡɧɵɯɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ. ȿɫɥɢ ɛɵ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɣ ɡɚɬɭɯɚɧɢɹ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɨɥɧ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɨɝɥɨɳɟɧɢɟ, ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɟɪɚɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɟɢɪɚɫɫɟɹɧɢɟɷɧɟɪɝɢɢɜɨɥɧɩɪɢɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɢɢɯɜ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨ ɫɥɨɢɫɬɨɣ ɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ, ɬɨ ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɢɛɚɥɥɨɜ ɜ ɹɱɟɣɤɚɯ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɚɥɢɫɶ ɛɵ ɧɟɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ. ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ (ɧɭɥɟɜɨɣ) ɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɵɜɡɹɬɨɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɨɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɟɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɣɜɹɱɟɣɤɚɯ, ɬɟ. H0: 2 2 2 2 (5) V 11 V 12 V 21 ... V LK

ɉɭɫɬɶ nkl, k=1,2,…,K; l=1,2,…Lɱɢɫɥɨɬɨɱɟɤɜɹɱɟɣɤɚɯ ǻlk. ɇɟɫɦɟɳɟɧɧɚɹ ɜɵɛɨɪɨɱɧɚɹɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɹɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣɢɡɹɱɟɣɤɢ ǻlkɜɵɱɢɫɥɹɟɬɫɹɩɨɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ:

2 nlk  2 1 Slk ¦ I lkj  I lk (6) nlk 1 j 1

Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɵ H0 ɨɛ ɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɢ (ɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɟ) ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɣ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɨ ɜɵɛɨɪɤɚɦ ɪɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɣ Ȼɚɪɬɥɟɬɬɚ. Ⱦɥɹɷɬɨɝɨɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹɫɪɟɞɧɹɹɚɪɢɮɦɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɧɟɫɦɟɳɟɧɧɚɹɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɹ:

1 nlk I lk ¦ I lkj , (7) nlk j 1 ɢɫɪɟɞɧɹɹɧɟɫɦɟɳɟɧɧɚɹɨɰɟɧɤɚɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɣ, ɜɡɜɟɲɟɧɧɚɹɩɨɱɢɫɥɚɦɫɬɟɩɟɧɟɣɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ: K  n S 2  ¦ lk lk 2 k 1 S ave K (8) ¦ nlk k 1 ɄɪɢɬɟɪɢɣȻɚɪɬɥɟɬɬɚɞɥɹɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢɧɚɲɟɣɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɵɢɦɟɟɬɜɢɞ [10]:

K  2  2 nl ln S ave  ¦ nlk ln Slk 2 k 1 F q (9) 1 ª K 1 1 º 1 «¦  » 3(l 1) ¬ k 1 nlk nl ¼ ɉɪɢɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɢɧɭɥɟɜɨɣɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɵ H0 ɢɩɪɢ nlk>3 ɜɵɛɨɪɨɱɧɚɹɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɚ (7) ɢɦɟɟɬ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ Ȥ2 ɫ nl-1 ɫɬɟɩɟɧɹɦɢ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ [8]. Ʉɪɢɬɟɪɢɣ Ȼɚɪɬɥɟɬɬɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɥɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ ɧɭɥɟɜɨɣ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɵ ɨ ɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɟ ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɣ ɜ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɤɨɥɶɰɚɯ, ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɯɫɪɚɞɢɭɫɚɦɢɤɪɚɬɧɵɦɢ 20, 40 ɢ 60 ɤɦ, ɬɟ. H0:

2 2 2 V1 V 2 ... V L (10)

Ɋɚɛɨɱɚɹɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɚ H0ɞɨɥɠɧɚɛɵɬɶɨɬɜɟɪɝɧɭɬɚɞɥɹɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɜɫɟɯɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ. ȼɵɛɨɪɨɱɧɵɟɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɢ Ȥqɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɹ (9) 99.7; 65.7; 53.1; 46.4;

45 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

72.6 ɞɥɹɬɨɱɟɤɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɩɨɥɹɨɬɜɫɟɯɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɨɤɚɡɚɥɢɫɶɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɩɨɪɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ Ȥ2 – ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɣɫɥɭɱɚɣɧɨɣɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɭɪɨɜɧɸɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɢĮ=0,05. Ɍɚɤɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɚɨ ɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɟ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯɚɪɢɮɦɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɣ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɧɵɯɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢɜɛɚɥɥɚɯɩɨɜɫɟɦɲɚɛɥɨɧɚɦɨɬɜɟɪɝɚɟɬɫɹ, ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɝɟɨɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɪɟɞɚ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ, ɚɡɢɦɭɬɚɥɶɧɨɧɟɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɚ. ȼɵɜɨɞɵ ɇɚɨɫɧɨɜɟɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɞɚɧɧɵɯɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɚɚɡɢɦɭɬɚɥɶɧɚɹɧɟɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɶ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ Ɇɨɥɞɨɜɵ ɢ ɫɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɣ. ɉɪɢɦɟɧɺɧɧɵɣ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦ, ɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɪɚɜɧɨɜɟɥɢɤɢɯ ɲɚɛɥɨɧɨɜ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɶ ɤɚɪɬɵ ɧɟɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɢ, ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɨ ɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ. Ƚɢɩɨɬɟɡɚ ɨ ɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɟ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯɚɪɢɮɦɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɢ ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɣ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɛɚɥɥɚɯ ɜ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚɯ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɶɰɚ ɨɬɜɟɪɝɚɟɬɫɹ, ɱɬɨ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨɛ ɚɡɢɦɭɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɟɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɟɨɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɪɟɞɵ, ɜɤɨɬɨɪɨɣɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɹɸɬɫɹɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ.

Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ 1. Kronrod T., Panza G., Radulian M.: Integrated transnational macroseismic data set for the strongest earthquakes of Vrancea (Romania). http://issues.pangaea.de/browse/PDI-3917, Tectonophysics, 2012. 2. ɉɭɫɬɨɜɢɬɟɧɤɨ ȻȽ., Ʉɭɥɶɱɢɰɤɢɣ ȼȿ., Ʉɚɩɢɬɚɧɨɜɚ ɋȺ. Ɉ ɡɚɬɭɯɚɧɢɢ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɡɨɧɵ ȼɪɚɧɱɚ // ɋɟɣɫɦɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɛɸɥɥɟɬɟɧɶ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɡɚ 2001 ɝɨɞ. ɋɟɜɚɫɬɨɩɨɥɶ: ɂɡɞ. ɇɉɐ «ɗɄɈɋɂ- Ƚɢɞɪɨɮɢɡɢɤɚ», 2002, ɋ. 80-89. 3. Chiara Pasolini. The attenuation of seismic intensity. Settore scientifico disciplinare: Geo/10 Bologna, Marzo 2008. 96 p. 4. Ȼɭɪɬɢɟɜ ɊɁ. ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɧɟɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɦɚɧɬɢɢ ɊɭɦɵɧɢɢɢɆɨɥɞɨɜɵ Academiei de Stiinte a Republcii Moldova. Buletinul Fizica úi Technica. 1995. ʋ1. 5. Ȼɭɪɬɢɟɜ ɊɁ. ɋɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɨɟ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɦɚɧɬɢɢ Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɢ ɢ ɫɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ. Analele ATIC. Vol. I(II). Chisinau, 2003. 6. ɇɨɜɢɰɤɢɣɉȼ., ɁɨɝɪɚɮɂȺ. Ɉɰɟɧɤɚɩɨɝɪɟɲɧɨɫɬɟɣɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɣ. - Ʌ.: ɗɧɟɪɝɨɚɬɨɦɢɡɞɚɬ, 1991. 303 ɫ. 7. ɄɪɚɦɟɪȽ. Ɇɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɦɟɬɨɞɵɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɢ. - Ɇ.: Ɇɢɪ, 1975. 648 ɫ. 8. Ʌɟɦɟɲɤɨ Ȼɘ., Ʌɟɦɟɲɤɨ ɋȻ. Ɉɛ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɟɜ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɢɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ. ɂɡɦɟɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹɬɟɯɧɢɤɚ, 2008, ʋ9. ɋ. 23-28. 9. M. Fisz. Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung und Mathematische Statistik. VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften. Berlin, 1966. 551 s. 10. ȼɋ. Ɇɯɢɬɚɪɹɧ, Ɇɘ. Ⱥɪɯɢɩɨɜɚ, ȼɉ. ɋɢɪɨɬɢɧ. ȿɤɨɧɨɦɟɬɪɢɤɚ. Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ, 2008. 142 ɫ. Primit la redacĠie –15 decembrie 2013

46 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɍȾɄ 551.782 ɉɨɤɚɬɢɥɨɜȼɉ.

ɇɟɨɝɟɧɨɜɵɟɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ. ɋɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɹɢɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɹ (ɤɪɚɬɤɚɹɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ).

Abstract In this paper presents the stratigraphy of Neogene older formations in the region between the Dniester and Prut rivers. On the basis of a summary analysis of the geological mapping results at medium scale (1:50000 ) and large scale (1:200000 ) carried respectively in 1970-1990 and 1996-2010 years, has been elaborated the local stratigraphic scheme of Neogene formations between the Dniester -Prut rivers. The proposed scheme is coordinated by the International stratigraphic scale (ISG, 2009), the general scale of Neogene age formations in the southern regions of Russia (2004) and complies with stratigraphic Code of Russia (2004). The stratigraphic units feature is reported with stratigraphic regional scheme of Neogene formations shown in this paper. For a fuller presentation of stratigraphic differentiation made by different authors proposed the stratigraphic correlations scheme.The paper is developed with the aim to facilitate the stratigraphic differentiation of the Neogene between the Dniester and Prut rivers in the process of different geological researches.

Rezumat În articol este prezentată stratigrafia formaĠiunilor de vârstă neogenă din regiunea Interfluviului Nistru-Prut. În baza unei analize de sinteză a rezultatelor cartărilor geologice la scara medie (1:50000) úi la scară mare (1:200000) efectuate respectiv în anii 1970-1990 úi anii 1996-2010, a fost elaborată Schema stratigrafică locală a formaĠiunilor neogene din cadrul Interfluviului Nistru-Prut. Schema propusă este coordonată cu Scara Stratigrafică InternaĠională (ISG, 2009), Scara generală a formaĠiunilor de vârstă neogenă din regiunile sudice ale Rusiei (2004) úi corespunde cerinĠelor Codului Stratigrafic al Rusiei (2004). Caracteristica unităĠilor stratigrafice este raportată cu Schema regionării stratigrafice a formaĠiunilor neogene, expusă în această lucrare. Pentru o prezentare mai amplă a diferenĠierilor stratigrafice realizate de diferiĠi autori, se propune Schema corelărilor stratigrafice. Lucrarea este elaborată cu scop de a facilita diferenĠierea stratigrafică a neogenului din cadrul Interfluviului Nistru-Prut în procesul realizării diferitor cercetări geologice.

Ɋɟɡɸɦɟ ȼ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɹ ɧɟɨɝɟɧɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪɨɜɫɤɨ- ɉɪɭɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɟɠɞɭɪɟɱɶɹ. ȼ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɢ ɨɛɨɛɳɟɧɢɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɴɟɦɨɤ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ (1:200000) ɢ ɤɪɭɩɧɨɝɨ (1:50000) ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɨɜ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ 1970-1990 ɝɝ. (1:50000) ɢɜ 1996-2010 ɝɝ. (1:200000), ɧɚɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢɱɟɝɨɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɚɢɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚɆɟɫɬɧɚɹ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɧɟɨɝɟɧɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɦɟɠɞɭɪɟɱɶɹ Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪɉɪɭɬ. Ⱦɚɧɧɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɭɜɹɡɚɧɚ ɫ Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɲɤɚɥɨɣ (ISC, 2009) ɢ ɍɧɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ htubjyfkmyjq ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɲɤɚɥɨɣɧɟɨɝɟɧɨɜɵɯɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣɸɠɧɵɯɪɚɣɨɧɨɜȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ (2004) ɢ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɫɨ ɋɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɤɨɞɟɤɫɨɦ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ (2006). ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɣ ɞɚɧɚ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɋɯɟɦɟ ɪɚɣɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɟɨɝɟɧɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ, ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɧɨɣɜɬɟɤɫɬɟ. Ⱦɥɹɥɭɱɲɟɝɨɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɣ ɪɚɡɧɵɦɢ ɚɜɬɨɪɚɦɢ, ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɚ Ʉɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ. ɇɚɫɬɨɹɳɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɩɪɢɡɜɚɧɚ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɥɭɱɲɟɦɭ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɸ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɹ ɜ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɨɝɟɧɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪɨɜɫɤɨɉɪɭɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɟɠɞɭɪɟɱɶɹ ɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɭɧɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɦɭɩɨɞɯɨɞɭɤɪɚɫɱɥɟɧɟɧɢɸɧɟɨɝɟɧɨɜɵɯɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣɩɪɢɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ.

47 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ Ɉɫɧɨɜɵ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɢ ɧɟɨɝɟɧɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪɨɜɫɤɨɉɪɭɬɫɤɨɝɨ Ɇɟɠɞɭɪɟɱɶɹ (ȾɉɆ) ɛɵɥɢɡɚɥɨɠɟɧɵɇȺ. ȻɚɪɛɨɬɞɟɆɚɪɧɢ (1869). ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɜɤɥɚɞ ɜ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɸ ɧɟɨɝɟɧɚ ɜɧɟɫɥɢ ɂɎ. ɋɢɧɰɨɜ (1873, 1893), ɇɂ. Ⱥɧɞɪɭɫɨɜ (1896-1917), ɎɄ. Ɇɢɯɚɥɶɫɤɢɣ (1913), ȼȾ. Ʌɚɫɤɚɪɟɜ (1914), I. Simionescu (1903), ȼɵɪɠɢɤɨɜɫɤɢɣ (1921-1929), Th. VăVɫăXĠanu (1928), N. Florov (1930), ɅɎ. Ʌɭɧɝɟɪɫɝɚɭɡɟɧ (1938), ȼɉ. Ʉɨɥɟɫɧɢɤɨɜ (1940) ɢɞɪ. ȼɨɜɬɨɪɨɣɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɟ XX-ɝɨɜɟɤɚɝɟɨɥɨɝɨɫɴɟɦɨɱɧɵɦɢɪɚɛɨɬɚɦɢɛɵɥɚɨɯɜɚɱɟɧɚ ɜɫɹ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɹ ȾɉɆ, ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɛɨɛɳɟɧɵ ɜ ɦɧɨɝɨɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɰɢɹɯ, ɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɱɟɬɚɯ. Ʉ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɭ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ȺȺ. Ⱥɥɟɤɫɚɧɞɪɨɜɨɣ (1965), ɉȾ. Ȼɭɤɚɬɱɭɤɚ (1979-1989), ȽɆ. Ȼɢɥɢɧɤɢɫɚ (1983), ɈȽ. Ȼɨɛɪɢɧɫɤɨɣ (1967), Ɇɂ. ȼɨɥɨɲɢɧɨɣ(1973), ɉɎ. Ƚɨɠɢɤɚ (1983), ȼɆ. Ⱦɢɞɤɨɜɫɤɨɝɨ (1958), ɆȺ. Ʉɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɢɧɨɜɨɣ (1965), ɋȺ. Ʉɨɜɚɥɟɜɫɤɨɝɨ (1955), Ⱥɇ. Ʌɭɧɝɭ (1962-1990), ȼɏ. Ɋɨɲɤɢ (1964-1981), Ɇə. Ɋɭɞɤɟɜɢɱɚ (1955), ȼȼ. ɋɢɧɟɝɭɛɚ (1969), ȼɋ. ɋɚɹɧɨɜɚ (1959,1968), Ⱥɇ. ɏɭɛɤɢ (1962-1984), Ⱥɉ. ɑɟɩɚɥɵɝɢ (1965), ȺȽ. ɗɛɟɪɡɢɧɚ (1948), Ⱥɇ. əɧɚɤɟɜɢɱɚ (1977, 1993, 2010), ɂə. əɰɤɨ (1955-1967) ɢɞɪ. ȼ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɪɹɞ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɯɟɦ ɧɟɨɝɟɧɚ, ɨɩɭɛɥɢɤɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɜ ɮɨɧɞɨɜɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɯ, ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɧɟ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɨɛɨɣ. ɗɬɨ ɩɨɛɭɞɢɥɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɍɧɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɭɸ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɫɯɟɦɭ ɧɟɨɝɟɧɚ Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪɨɜɫɤɨɉɪɭɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɟɠɞɭɪɟɱɶɹ (ȾɉɆ) ɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɸ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɫɯɟɦ. ɉɨɥɧɚɹ ɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɋɯɟɦɵɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹɜɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯɧɨɦɟɪɚɯɫɛɨɪɧɢɤɚ. Ɂɞɟɫɶɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɫɹɤɪɚɬɤɨɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɯɟɦɵ. ȼ ɨɫɧɨɜɭ ɍɧɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɧɟɨɝɟɧɚ ȾɉɆ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɵɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵɦɧɨɝɨɥɟɬɧɢɯɝɟɨɥɨɝɨɫɴɟɦɨɱɧɵɯɪɚɛɨɬɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ (1:200000) ɢ ɤɪɭɩɧɨɝɨ (1:50000) ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɨɜ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɉȽɈ «Ɇɨɥɞɚɜɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɹ» ɧɵɧɟ AgenĠia pentru Geologie úi Resurse Minerale – AGRM) ɢ ɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɥɢ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɤɢ ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɚ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɫɟɣɫɦɨɥɨɝɢɢȺɇɆɨɥɞɨɜɵ. ɋɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɋɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɨɞɟɤɫɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ (2006) [16], ɫɤɨɪɪɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ ɫ Ɋɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ [13] ɢɆɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ [2] ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢɲɤɚɥɚɦɢ. ɇɟɨɝɟɧɨɜɚɹɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ Ɇɢɨɰɟɧɨɜɵɣɨɬɞɟɥ ɇɢɠɧɟɦɢɨɰɟɧɨɜɵɟɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɧɚɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢȾɉɆɧɟɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵ. ɋɪɟɞɧɟ- ɢ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɦɢɨɰɟɧɨɜɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɛɚɞɟɧɫɤɢɦ, ɫɚɪɦɚɬɫɤɢɦ, ɦɷɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɢ ɩɨɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɪɟɝɢɨɹɪɭɫɚɦɢ. Ȼɚɞɟɧɫɤɢɣɪɟɝɢɨɹɪɭɫ N1b ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹɧɚɧɢɠɧɢɣ, ɫɪɟɞɧɢɣɢ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɣɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɵ. ȼɧɢɠɧɟɦɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɟɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɵ: ɱɟɛɪɨɜɫɤɚɹɫɜɢɬɚ N1cb (ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɹɤɢ, ɝɥɢɧɵ, ɩɟɫɱɚɧɢɤɢɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶɸɨɬ 4-5 ɞɨ 15 ɦ), ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɧɚɹɜɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞɧɨɣɡɨɧɟɢ ɩɨɞɨɥɶɫɤɚɹ ɫɜɢɬɚ N1pd (ɛɟɧɬɨɧɢɬɨɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɟɝɥɢɧɵɢ "ɤɥɟɣɤɢɟ" ɩɟɫɤɢ – ɞɨ 16 ɦ) ɩɨɜɫɟɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ [8]. ȼɫɪɟɞɧɟɦɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɟɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɚɤɪɢɜɫɤɚɹɫɜɢɬɚ N1kr (ɫɬɪɚɬɨɬɢɩ: ɤɪɢɜɫɤɢɣɝɢɩɫɨɜɵɣɤɚɪɶɟɪ – ɝɢɩɫɵɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶɸɞɨ 27 ɦɢ ɯɟɦɨɝɟɧɧɵɟɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɹɤɢ – ɞɨ 2 ɦ). ȼɜɟɪɯɧɟɦɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɟ – ɲɢɪɟɭɰɤɚɹɫɜɢɬɚ N1sr

48 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɝɥɢɧɵ ɫɟɪɵɟ, ɡɟɥɟɧɨɜɚɬɨɝɨɥɭɛɨɜɚɬɨɫɟɪɵɟ, ɩɪɨɫɥɨɢ ɜɭɥɤɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɬɭɮɨɜ, ɫ ɮɚɭɧɨɣɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪ – ɞɨ 12 ɦ); ɟɞɢɧɟɰɤɚɹɫɜɢɬɚ N1ed (ɤɚɪɛɨɧɚɬɧɚɹɮɚɰɢɹ – ɞɨ 16 ɦ) ɢɝɥɚɜɚɧɫɤɚɹ N1gl (ɬɟɪɪɢɝɟɧɧɚɹɮɚɰɢɹ – ɞɨ 6 ɦ). ɋɜɢɬɵ [4] ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɵ, ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ, ɜ ɡɚɩɚɞɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ Ɇɟɠɪɢɮɨɜɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ. ɋɜɢɬɵ ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɮɚɭɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɨɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɵ.

Ɋɢɫ. 1. ɋɯɟɦɚɪɚɣɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɧɟɨɝɟɧɨɜɵɯɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣȾɧɟɫɬɪɨɉɪɭɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɟɠɞɭɪɟɱɶɹ.

49 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɉɪɢɩɪɭɬɫɤɢɣɛɚɪɶɟɪɧɵɣɪɢɮ N1pp ɩɪɨɬɹɝɢɜɚɟɬɫɹɨɬɫȻɪɨɞɵ, ɍɤɪɚɢɧɚ, ɞɚɥɟɟ ɫɫȽɪɢɧɚɭɰɵɊɚɹ – Ȼɨɥɨɬɢɧɨ – ɆɨɚɪɚȾɨɦɧɹɫɤɚ (Ɇɨɥɞɨɜɚ) ɢ ɞɨ ɫɒɬɟɮɚɧɟɲɬɵ Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɹ). ȼɵɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɮɚɰɢɹ ɪɢɮɨɝɟɧɧɵɯ, ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ, ɥɢɬɨɬɚɦɧɢɟɜɵɯ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɹɤɨɜ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɛɚɞɟɧ- ɧɢɠɧɟɫɚɪɦɚɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ ɢ ɮɚɰɢɹ ɲɥɟɣɮɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɝɟɧɧɵɟɢɨɛɥɨɦɨɱɧɵɟɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɹɤɢ). ɋɚɪɦɚɬɫɤɢɣɪɟɝɢɨɹɪɭɫ N1s ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹɧɚɧɢɠɧɢɣ (ɜɨɥɵɧɫɤɢɣ), ɫɪɟɞɧɢɣ ɛɟɫɫɚɪɚɛɫɤɢɣ) ɢɜɟɪɯɧɢɣ (ɯɟɪɫɨɧɫɤɢɣ) ɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɵ [3]. ȼ ɜɨɥɵɧɫɤɨɦ ɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ: ɡɟɥɟɧɨɜɫɤɚɹ N1zl (ɤɨɡɵɪɹɧɫɤɚɹ ɩɨ ɂȼȻɥɸɤɭ, 1989), ɪɵɲɤɚɧɫɤɚɹ N1rs, ɛɪɚɜɢɱɟɧɫɤɚɹ N1br, ɪɚɫɩɨɩɟɧɫɤɚɹ N1rs ɢɩɟɪɜɨɦɚɣɫɤɚɹ N1pm ɫɜɢɬɵ [4]. ɋɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɝɟɧɧɵɦɢ, ɞɟɬɪɢɬɨɜɵɦɢ, ɨɨɥɢɬɨɜɵɦɢɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɹɤɚɦɢɢɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹɩɨɥɢɬɨɥɨɝɢɢɢ (ɢɥɢ) ɩɨ ɮɚɭɧɟ ɧɚ ɞɜɟ – ɬɪɢ ɩɨɞɫɜɢɬɵ. ɋɜɢɬɵ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɮɚɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢ, ɨɬɪɚɠɚɸɳɢɟ ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɭɸ ɫɦɟɧɭ (ɫ ɡɚɩɚɞɚ ɧɚ ɜɨɫɬɨɤ) ɨɬ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɝɥɭɛɨɤɨɜɨɞɧɵɯɤɩɪɢɛɪɟɠɧɵɦ (ɪɚɫɩɨɩɟɧɫɤɚɹɫɜɢɬɚ) ɮɚɰɢɹɦ. ȼɛɟɫɫɚɪɚɛɫɤɨɦɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɟɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɵɪɵɛɧɢɰɤɢɟɫɥɨɢ N1rb (ɘɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɚɹ, Ɂɚɪɢɮɨɜɚɹ ɢ, ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨ, ɘɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɧɚɹ ɡɨɧɵ), ɫɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɮɨɪɚɦɢɧɢɮɟɪɨɜɵɦɢ ɢ ɩɟɥɢɬɨɦɨɪɮɧɵɦɢ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɹɤɚɦɢ ɫ ɮɚɭɧɨɣ "ɤɚɪɥɢɤɨɜɵɯ" ɦɨɥɥɸɫɤɨɜ, ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶɸ 2-5 ɦ [17]. Ⱦɢɚɬɨɦɢɬɨɜɵɣɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬ N1d (ɞɢɚɬɨɦɢɬɵ, ɞɢɚɬɨɦɢɬɨɜɵɟɝɥɢɧɵɫɮɚɭɧɨɣ Cryptomactra pseudotellina Andr. – ɞɨ 20 ɦ) [4, 14]. ɇɢɠɧɟɤɨɞɪɢɧɫɤɚɹɩɨɞɫɜɢɬɚ N1kd ɤɨɞɪɢɧɫɤɨɣ ɫɜɢɬɵ (ɝɥɢɧɵ, ɚɥɟɜɪɢɬɵ, ɩɟɫɤɢ – ɫ ɮɚɭɧɨɣ Cryptomactra pesanseris, Cerestoderma michailovi, C.barboti, Mactra podolica ɢɞɪ. – ɨɬ 16-30 ɦɞɨɛɨɥɟɟ 200 ɦ) [5]. ȼ ɜɟɪɯɚɯ ɧɢɠɧɟɤɨɞɪɢɧɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɫɜɢɬɵ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧ ɤɚɥɮɢɧɫɤɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɦɥɟɤɨɩɢɬɚɸɳɢɯ [11] (ɧɢɠɧɟɤɨɞɪɢɧɫɤɚɹ ɩɨɞɫɜɢɬɚ ɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɨ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɦ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɨɦȼɏɊɨɲɤɢ [17], ɫɦɷɝɭɪɢɧɫɤɨɣɫɜɢɬɨɣɂȼȻɥɸɤɚ [4], ɫ ɧɨɜɨɦɨɫɤɨɜɫɤɢɦɢɫɥɨɹɦɢɘɠɧɨɣɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ [13] ɢɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣȻɵɪɧɨɜɨ – Ɇɭɧɬɟɥɟ, Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɹ [2]). ɋɪɟɞɧɟɤɨɞɪɢɧɫɤɚɹ ɩɨɞɫɜɢɬɚ N1kd2 (ɞɟɥɶɬɨɜɵɟ, ɚɜɚɧɞɟɥɶɬɨɜɵɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɥɚɛɢɥɶɧɨɝɨɲɟɥɶɮɚ): ɩɟɫɤɢ, ɚɥɟɜɪɢɬɵ, ɝɥɢɧɵ, ɫɮɚɭɧɨɣ Cardium fittoni, Mactra vitaliana, M.podolica ɢɞɪ. – ɞɨ 100 ɦɢɛɨɥɟɟ); ɜɜɟɪɯɚɯ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɤɨɞɪɢɧɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɫɜɢɬɵ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧ ɜɚɪɧɢɰɤɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɦɥɟɤɨɩɢɬɚɸɳɢɯ [7,11] ɫɪɟɞɧɟɤɨɞɪɢɧɫɤɚɹɩɨɞɫɜɢɬɚɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɫɜɟɪɯɧɢɦɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɨɦȼɏɊɨɲɤɢ [17], ɫɛɭɠɨɪɫɤɨɣɬɨɥɳɟɣɂȼȻɥɸɤɚ [4], ɫɜɚɪɧɢɰɤɨɣɫɜɢɬɨɣɂȺɉɨɡɞɧɹɤɨɜɚ [15] ɢɫ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɞɧɟɩɪɨɜɫɤɨɜɚɫɢɥɶɟɜɫɤɢɯ ɫɥɨɟɜ ɘɠɧɨɣ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ [13]. ɉɪɢɞɧɟɫɬɪɨɜɫɤɢɣɛɟɪɟɝɨɜɨɣɪɢɮ N1pdn (ɄɢɲɢɧɟɜɫɤɨɄɚɦɟɧɫɤɚɹɩɨɥɨɫɚɛɢɨɝɟɪɦɨɜ) ɩɪɨɬɹɝɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɝɅɟɬɢɱɟɜ (ɍɤɪɚɢɧɚ) ɞɨ ɝɄɚɦɟɧɤɚ ɢ ɞɚɥɟɟ ɧɚ ɝɄɢɲɢɧɟɜ - Ʌɢɩɨɜɟɧɵ – əɥɨɜɟɧɵ – Ʉɚɝɭɥ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ "ɤɢɲɢɧɟɜɫɤɢɣ" ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɮɚɭɧɵɢɩɟɬɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɢɣɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɦɥɟɤɨɩɢɬɚɸɳɢɯ [10]. Ɇɨɳɧɨɫɬɶɪɢɮɨɜ – ɞɨ 88 ɦ. ȼɨɡɪɚɫɬɪɢɮɨɜ – ɤɨɧɟɰɪɚɧɧɟɝɨ – ɩɟɪɜɚɹɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɚɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨɫɚɪɦɚɬɚ. Ʉɚɬɟɪɢɧɨɜɫɤɚɹ ɬɨɥɳɚ N1kt [20] (ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɚ ɜ Ɂɚɪɢɮɨɜɨɣ ɡɨɧɟ) – ɫɥɨɠɟɧɚ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɹɤɚɦɢɫɤɚɥɢɩɬɪɚɦɢɪɢɮɨɝɟɧɧɵɯɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɹɤɨɜ, ɫɩɪɨɫɥɨɹɦɢɝɥɢɧɢɩɟɫɤɨɜɫ ɮɚɭɧɨɣ Mytilaster incrassatus, Mactra cf.fabriana, M.cf.podolica ɢɞɪ., ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɨɣɞɥɹ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨɫɚɪɦɚɬɚȼɏɊɨɲɤɢ [16, 18]. ȼɯɟɪɫɨɧɫɤɨɦɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɟɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɵɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ. Ɇɟɪɟɲɟɧɫɤɚɹ ɬɨɥɳɚ N1mr [12] - ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɚ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ ɜ Ɇɟɠɪɢɮɨɜɨɣ ɡɨɧɟ. Ɏɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɥɚɫɶɜ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɚɸɳɭɸ ɫɬɚɞɢɸ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɚɪɦɚɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɛɚɫɫɟɣɧɚ. ɋɥɨɠɟɧɚ ɩɟɫɱɚɧɨɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɵɦɢ ɩɨɪɨɞɚɦɢ ɫ ɩɪɨɫɥɨɹɦɢ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɹɤɨɜ ɫ ɞɟɝɪɚɞɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣɦɚɤɬɪɨɜɨɣɮɚɭɧɨɣ – Mactra caspia, M.bulgarica, M.nalivkini ɢɞɪ. Ɇɟɪɟɲɟɧɫɤɚɹ ɬɨɥɳɚ ɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɧɢɠɧɟɤɚɣɧɚɪɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɫɜɢɬɨɣ [15] ɢ ɫ

50 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɤɚɬɟɪɥɢɡɫɤɢɦɢ ɫɥɨɹɦɢ [3]. ȼɟɪɯɧɟɤɨɞɪɢɧɫɤɚɹ ɩɨɞɫɜɢɬɚ N1kd3 - ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɚ ɩɨɜɫɟɦɟɫɬɧɨ ɤ ɸɝɭ ɨɬ ɞɨɥɢɧɵ ɪɄɭɥɚ. ɋɥɨɠɟɧɚ ɪɢɬɦɢɱɧɨɣ ɬɨɥɳɟɣ ɩɟɫɱɚɧɨɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɵɯ ɚɥɥɸɜɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɨɪɨɞ ɞɟɥɶɬɨɜɨɣ ɢ ɚɜɚɧɞɟɥɶɬɨɜɨɣ ɮɚɰɢɣ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɞɨ 150 ɦ. Ʉ ɩɨɞɫɜɢɬɟ ɩɪɢɭɪɨɱɟɧ ɪɹɞ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɯ ɦɟɫɬɨɧɚɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɬɟɪɢɨɮɚɭɧɵ: ɉɨɤɲɟɲɬɵ, ɉɟɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɨ, ɉɢɬɭɲɤɚ, Ƚɪɟɛɟɧɧɢɤɢ ɢ ɞɪ. ɉɨɞɫɜɢɬɚɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɛɚɥɬɫɤɨɣ ɫɜɢɬɵ ɞɨ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɫ ɤɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɨɣ" ɝɚɥɶɤɨɣ. Ʉɚɝɭɥɶɫɤɚɹ ɫɜɢɬɚ N1kg [17] - ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɚ ɜ ɘɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɣɢɘɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɧɨɣɡɨɧɚɯ. ɋɥɨɠɟɧɚɩɟɫɱɚɧɨɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɵɦɢɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɞɨ 260 ɦ, ɡɚɥɟɝɚɸɳɢɦɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɮɚɭɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɨɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɦɨɪɫɤɢɦɢ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɦɟɪɟɲɟɧɫɤɨɣ ɬɨɥɳɢ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɝɨ ɫɚɪɦɚɬɚ ɢ ɩɨɧɬɨɦ. Ʉ ɧɟɣɩɪɢɭɪɨɱɟɧɪɹɞɦɟɫɬɨɧɚɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɣɝɢɩɩɚɪɢɨɧɨɜɨɣɮɚɭɧɵɩɢɤɟɪɦɢɣɫɤɨɝɨɬɢɩɚɜ ɪɚɣɨɧɟɫɟɥɌɭɞɨɪɨɜɨ, ɑɨɛɪɭɱɢ, Ɍɚɪɚɤɥɢɹ. Ɇɷɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɪɟɝɢɨɹɪɭɫ N1m. Ɉɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɦɷɨɬɢɫɚ (ɝɥɢɧɵ, ɚɥɟɜɪɢɬɵ) ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɫɦɟɧɹɸɬ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɫɚɪɦɚɬɫɤɢɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ. Ɉɧɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɚɸɳɭɸ ɫɬɚɞɢɸ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɛɚɫɫɟɣɧɚ. ȼɵɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɜɚɥɟɧɫɤɚɹ ɧɢɠɧɹɹ) N1vl ɢɦɨɥɞɚɜɫɤɚɹ (ɜɟɪɯɧɹɹ) N1ml ɫɜɢɬɵ [6]. ȼɚɥɟɧɫɤɚɹɫɜɢɬɚɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɦɨɪɫɤɢɯ ɦɨɥɥɸɫɤɨɜ (Dreissena maeotica, Paphia abichi, Abra ovata tellinoides ɢ ɞɪ. Ɇɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɜɢɬɵ ɨɬ 9 ɞɨ 48,7 ɦ. Ɇɨɥɞɚɜɫɤɚɹ ɫɜɢɬɚ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɡɚɥɟɝɚɟɬɧɚɜɚɥɟɧɫɤɨɣ, ɧɨɧɟɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɦɨɪɫɤɨɣɮɚɭɧɵ. Ɇɨɳɧɨɫɬɶɟɟɞɨ 80 ɦ. Ʉ ɫɟɜɟɪɭ ɨɬ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɡɢɧɢɟɜɵɯ ɮɚɰɢɣ ɦɷɨɬɢɫ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɝɨ ɫɚɪɦɚɬɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɬ ɤɚɝɭɥɶɫɤɭɸ ɫɜɢɬɭ [17]. ȼɚɥɟɧɫɤɚɹ ɫɜɢɬɚ ɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɛɚɝɟɪɨɜɫɤɢɦ, ɦɨɥɞɚɜɫɤɚɹ – ɫɚɤɦɚɧɚɣɫɤɢɦɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɨɦɋɟɜɟɪɨɁɚɩɚɞɧɨɝɨɉɪɢɱɟɪɧɨɦɨɪɶɹ [13]. ɉɨɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɪɟɝɢɨɹɪɭɫ N1p [6] ɡɚɜɟɪɲɚɟɬɪɚɡɪɟɡɦɨɪɫɤɨɝɨɜɟɪɯɧɟɝɨɦɢɨɰɟɧɚ. ɉɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧ ɧɚ ɧɢɠɧɢɣ (ɧɨɜɨɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɣ) ɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫ ɢ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɣ ɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫ (ɛɟɡɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɹ). ȼ ɧɨɜɨɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɦ ɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɚ ɹɥɩɭɝɫɤɚɹ ɫɜɢɬɚ (ɧɢɠɧɹɹɢɜɟɪɯɧɹɹ ɩɨɞɫɜɢɬɵ) ɢ ɜɢɧɨɝɪɚɞɨɜɫɤɚɹ ɫɜɢɬɚ (ɧɢɠɧɹɹ - ɛɨɥɝɪɚɞɫɤɚɹɩɨɞɫɜɢɬɚ; ɜ ɦɟɠɞɭɪɟɱɶɢ Ʉɨɝɢɥɶɧɢɤ – Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪ – ɨɞɟɫɫɤɢɟ ɫɥɨɢ; ɜɟɪɯɧɹɹ – ɤɚɪɛɨɥɢɣɫɤɚɹɩɨɞɫɜɢɬɚ) [6]. ɋɜɢɬɵɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɵɜɘɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɣɢ ɘɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɚɯ. ɋɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɦɨɪɫɤɢɦɢ, ɨɡɟɪɧɨɥɢɦɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɚɜɚɧɞɟɥɶɬɨɜɵɦɢ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ. Ɉɛɳɚɹ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɨɜɨɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɚ ɞɨ 50 ɦ. ɋɬɪɚɬɨɬɢɩ ɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɚ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧ ɧɚ ɸɠɧɨɣ ɨɤɪɚɢɧɟ ɫȼɢɧɨɝɪɚɞɨɜɤɚ (ɍɤɪɚɢɧɚ), ɜ 3-ɯɤɦ ɨɬ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵɫɆɨɥɞɨɜɨɣ. Ʉɜɟɪɯɧɟɦɭɩɨɧɬɭ (ɭɫɥɨɜɧɨ) ɨɬɧɟɫɟɧɚɬɚɤɠɟɬɜɚɪɞɢɰɤɚɹɫɜɢɬɚ [6] – ɬɨɥɳɚɩɟɫɬɪɨɰɜɟɬɧɵɯɡɚɝɢɩɫɨɜɚɧɧɵɯɝɥɢɧ, ɧɟɫɥɨɢɫɬɵɯɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɞɨ 30 ɦ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɨɛɨɣ, ɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɨ, ɨɫɚɞɤɢɩɟɪɢɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɩɟɪɟɫɵɯɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɨɡɟɪɚ. Ɍɜɚɪɞɢɰɤɚɹ ɫɜɢɬɚ ɡɚɥɟɝɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɤɨɪɟ ɜɵɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɨɜɨɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɚ. Ɋɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɚɜɘɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɣɡɨɧɟɢɧɚɜɨɫɬɨɤɟɘɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɧɨɣɡɨɧɵ. ȼ ɤɨɧɰɟ ɩɨɧɬɚ ɦɨɪɟ ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨ ɨɬɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɡɚ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɵ ȾɉɆ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹɚɪɟɧɨɣɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹɢɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯɚɥɥɸɜɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣɧɚɞɩɨɣɦɟɧɧɵɯɬɟɪɪɚɫɪɟɤɉɚɥɟɨ- ɢɉɪɚ- ɉɪɭɬɚɢȾɧɟɫɬɪɚ. Ʉɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɞɪɟɜɧɢɦ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɦ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɝɚɭɪɟɧɫɤɚɹ ɚɥɥɸɜɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɬɨɥɳɚ N2gr, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɢɥɚɫɶ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɫɬɚɧɰɨɜ ɧɚ ɜɟɪɲɢɧɚɯ ɝɥɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɞɨɪɚɡɞɟɥɚ Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪ – ɉɪɭɬ. ȿɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ, ɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɨ, ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹɤɤɨɧɰɭɦɷɨɬɢɫɚ – ɩɨɧɬɭ. ȼ ɩɥɢɨɰɟɧɟɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɚɥɥɸɜɢɚɥɶɧɵɯɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ XII-XI ɧɚɞɩɨɣɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɬɟɪɪɚɫɪɟɤȾɧɟɫɬɪɢɉɪɭɬ, ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯɜɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟɫɜɢɬɵ: ɜɞɨɥɢɧɟɪɉɪɭɬ – ɦɢɥɟɲɬɫɤɭɸ (XVI ɧɩɬ), ɧɨɜɨɮɥɨɪɢɰɨɣɫɤɭɸ (XV ɧɩɬ), ɦɢɧɠɢɪɫɤɭɸ (XIV ɧɩɬ), ɧɢɫɩɨɪɟɧɫɤɭɸ – ɦɭɫɚɢɬɫɤɭɸ (XIII ɧɩɬ), ɲɢɲɤɚɧɫɤɭɸ – ɤɵɲɥɢɰɚɩɪɭɬɫɤɭɸ (XII

51 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɧɩɬ) ɢɛɭɱɭɦɟɧɫɤɭɸ – ɫɤɨɪɰɟɥɶɫɤɭɸ (XI ɧɩɬ); ɜɞɨɥɢɧɟɪȾɧɟɫɬɪ – ɫɬɨɥɶɧɢɱɟɧɫɤɭɸ (XVI ɧɩɬ), ɤɚɥɚɪɚɲɫɤɭɸ (XI ɧɩɬ), ɩɨɝɪɟɛɟɧɫɤɭɸ (XIV ɧɩɬ), ɤɭɱɭɪɝɚɧɫɤɭɸ (XIII ɧɩɬ), ɛɭɞɟɲɬɫɤɭɸ (XII ɧɩɬ) ɢɛɚɥɰɚɬɫɤɭɸ (XI ɧɩɬ). ȼɦɢɨɰɟɧɩɥɢɨɰɟɧɨɜɨɟɜɪɟɦɹȾɧɟɫɬɪɨɜɫɤɨɉɪɭɬɫɤɨɟɦɟɠɞɭɪɟɱɶɟɩɪɟɬɟɪɩɟɥɨ ɬɪɚɧɫɝɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɨɪɟɝɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɭɸ ɢɧɜɟɪɫɢɸ: ɨɬ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɞɨɥɶɫɤɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ – ɞɨ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɪɚɧɫɝɪɟɫɫɢɢ ɜ ɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɟ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɫɚɪɦɚɬɚɢɩɨɥɧɨɝɨɡɚɦɵɤɚɧɢɹɦɨɪɫɤɨɝɨɛɚɫɫɟɣɧɚɜɩɨɫɥɟɩɨɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟɜɪɟɦɹ. ɗɬɨɬ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɧɫɝɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɨɪɟɝɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɵɣ ɰɢɤɥ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧ ɡɚɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɦ, ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟɦɢɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɄɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɨɣɝɨɪɧɨɫɤɥɚɞɱɚɬɨɣɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ.

Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ 1. InternaĠional stratigraphic Chart, 2009 2. Ionesi B., Ionesi L., Ionesi V., Roúca V., Lungu A. SarmaĠianul mediu úi superior de la Platforma Moldovenească Editura Academici Romăne- 2005. 3. Ⱥɧɞɪɭɫɨɜɇɂ. ɂɡɛɪɚɧɧɵɟɬɪɭɞɵ. Ɍ. 1. ɂɡɞ. ȺɇɋɋɋɊ. Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ, 1961. 4. Ȼɥɸɤ ɂȼ. Ɉɬɱɟɬ. Ʌɢɬɨɥɨɝɨɮɚɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɧɟɨɝɟɧɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɆɨɥɞɚɜɫɤɨɣɋɋɊ, Ʉɢɲɢɧɟɜ, 1989. ȽȽɎɆ. 5. ȻɭɤɚɬɱɭɤɉȾ., ɄɨɧɟɜɘɆ., ɉɨɤɚɬɢɥɨɜȼɉ. ɢɞɪ. Ɉɪɚɫɱɥɟɧɟɧɢɢɩɨɪɨɞ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɫɚɪɦɚɬɚ ɤ ɡɚɩɚɞɭ ɄɢɲɢɧɟɜɫɤɨɄɚɦɟɧɫɤɨɣ ɪɢɮɨɜɨɣ ɝɪɹɞɵ. // ȽɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɢɪɟɥɶɟɮɆɨɥɞɚɜɢɢ. Ʉɢɲɢɧɟɜ, ɒɬɢɢɧɰɚ, 1979. ɫ.38-48. 6. Ȼɭɤɚɬɱɭɤ ɉȾ., Ȼɥɸɤ ɂȼ., ɉɨɤɚɬɢɥɨɜ ȼɉ. Ƚɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɤɚɪɬɚ Ɇɨɥɞɚɜɫɤɨɣ ɋɋɊ. Ɇɚɫɲɬɚɛɚ 1:200 000. Ɉɛɴɹɫɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹɡɚɩɢɫɤɚ. Ʉɢɲɢɧɟɜ, 1988. 7. ȼɚɧɝɟɧɝɟɣɦɗȺ., ɅɭɧɝɭȺɇ., ɌɟɫɚɤɨɜȺɋ. ȼɨɡɪɚɫɬɧɢɠɧɟɣɝɪɚɧɢɰɵɜɚɥɥɟɡɢɹ. // ɋɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɹ. Ƚɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɹ. Ɍ.14, ʋ 6, 2006. ɫ. 81-93. 8. ȼɵɪɠɢɤɨɜɫɤɢɣ ɊɊ. Ƚɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɨɱɟɪɤ Ⱥɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɣ Ɇɨɥɞɚɜɫɤɨɣ ɋɋɊ. ɂɡɜ. ɍɩɪ. Ɉɬɞ. Ƚɟɨɥɤɨɦɚ. ȼɵɩ.10, 1927. 9. ɄɨɧɟɜɘɆ., ɉɨɤɚɬɢɥɨɜȼɉ., ȻɭɤɚɬɱɭɤɉȾ. ɢɞɪ. Ɉɬɱɟɬ. Ʉɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɟ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ, ɝɢɞɪɨɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ, ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɞɨɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɟɣ ɢ ɝɟɨɷɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɤɚɪɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɚ 1:200 000 ɥɢɫɬɨɜ L-35- XVII, XXIII, XXIX. Ʉɢɲɢɧɟɜ. ȽȽɎɆ. 10. Ʌɭɧɝɭ Ⱥɇ., ɑɟɦɵɪɬɚɧ ȽȾ. ɇɨɜɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɨ ɯɢɳɧɵɯ ɦɥɟɤɨɩɢɬɚɸɳɢɯ ɛɟɫɫɚɪɚɛɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɴɹɪɭɫɚ ɨɤɪɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɟɣ Ʉɢɲɢɧɟɜɚ. Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪ. ɤɪɚɟɜɟɞ. ɦɭɡɟɣ. Ɍɪɭɞɵ, ɜɵɩ.3, 1989. 11. Ʌɭɧɝɭ Ⱥɇ. Ɋɚɧɧɢɟ ɷɬɚɩɵ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɝɢɩɩɚɪɢɨɧɨɜɨɣ ɮɚɭɧɵ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɦɥɟɧɢɹɉɚɪɚɬɟɬɢɫɚ. Ⱥɜɬɨɪɟɮɟɪɚɬɧɚɫɨɢɫɤ. ɭɱ. ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢɞɨɤɬɨɪɚɝɟɨɥ.-ɦɢɧɟɪ. ɇɚɭɤ. Ɍɛɢɥɢɫɢ, 1990ɝ. 12. Ɇɚɦɨɧɬɨɜ ȼɉ.(ɨɬɜ. ɢɫɩ.) Ʉɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɚɹ ɝɢɞɪɨɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɢ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨ- ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɴɟɦɤɢ ɫɨ ɫɴɟɦɤɨɣ ɱɟɬɜɟɪɬɢɱɧɵɯ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɚ 1:50 000 ɞɥɹɰɟɥɟɣɦɟɥɢɨɪɚɰɢɢɦɚɫɫɢɜɚɨɪɨɲɟɧɢɹ,,ɋɪɟɞɧɟɟɉɪɢɞɧɟɫɬɪɨɜɶɟ” Ʉɧ.1.Ɍɟɤɫɬ. Ʉɢɲɢɧɟɜ, 1989. ȽȽɎɆ. 13. ɇɟɜɟɫɫɤɚɹɅȺ., Ʉɨɜɚɥɟɧɤɨȿɂ., Ȼɟɥɭɠɟɧɤɨȿȼ. ɢɞɪ. Ɉɛɴɹɫɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹɡɚɩɢɫɤɚɤ ɭɧɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɧɟɨɝɟɧɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣɪɚɣɨɧɨɜȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɣɱɚɫɬɢɊɨɫɫɢɢ. Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ, 2004. 14. ɉɨɤɚɬɢɥɨɜ ȼɉ. Ɂɚɤɨɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɢɚɬɨɦɢɬɨɜɵɯ ɩɨɪɨɞ Ɇɨɥɞɨɜɵ. Bulletin Institutului de Geologie úi ùeismologie al Academiei de ùtiinĠe a Moldovei. Chiúinău, 2011, ʋ1, ɫ.106-114.

52 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

15. ɉɨɡɞɧɹɤɨɜ ɂȺ. Ƚɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ, ɝɢɞɪɨɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨ- ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ Ɍɢɪɚɫɩɨɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɥɢɫɬɚ. Ɉɬɱɟɬ ɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɯ ɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɣ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ, ɝɢɞɪɨɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨ- ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɴɟɦɤɢ, ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɞɨɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹɩɥɨɳɚɞɟɣɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɚ 1:200 000 ɥɢɫɬɨɜɆ-35-XII (Ɍɢɪɚɫɩɨɥɶ). Ʉɧ. 1. Ɍɟɤɫɬ. Ʉɢɲɢɧɟɜ, 1992. ȽȽɎɆ. 16. Ɋɨɲɤɚȼɏ. ɋɯɟɦɚɫɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɢɫɚɪɦɚɬɫɤɢɯɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣɆɨɥɞɚɜɫɤɨɣɋɋɊ, 1967, ʋ4, ɫ.72-81. 17. Ɋɨɲɤɚ ȼɏ., Ɇɢɰɭɥ ȿɁ. Ɉ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɟ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɝɥɢɧ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɝɨ ɦɢɨɰɟɧɚ ɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞɧɨɝɨɉɪɢɱɟɪɧɨɦɨɪɶɹ. // ɂɡɜ. ȺɇɆɨɥɞɚɜɫɤɨɣɋɋɊ, 1967, ʋ4, ɫ.67-71. 18. Ɋɨɲɤɚ ȼɏ. Ɇɢɨɰɟɧ. // Ƚɟɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɋɋɋɊ. Ɍ.XLV, Ɇɨɥɞɚɜɫɤɚɹ ɋɋɊ, Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ, ɇɟɞɪɚ, 1969, ɫ.171-196. 19. ɋɬɪɚɬɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɤɨɞɟɤɫ. ɋɉɛ. ɆɋɄ, 1992. 20. ɏɢɨɪɚȿɇ. ɢɞɪ. Ɉɬɱɟɬ. Ƚɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟɢɩɨɥɟɡɧɵɟɢɫɤɨɩɚɟɦɵɟɉɆɊ. Ⱦɭɛɨɫɫɚɪɵ. 2002, ɫ.146-199. ȽȽɎɆ. Primit la redacĠie –16 decembrie 2013

53 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɍȾɄ 550.34.06 ɋɬɟɩɚɧɟɧɤɨɇə., Ʉɚɪɞɚɧɟɰȼɘ., ɋɢɦɨɧɨɜɚɇȺ.

Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɢɨɛɥɚɫɬɢȼɪɚɧɱɚɡɚ 2009 – 2013 ɝɝ.

Abstract The article provides a synthesis of instrumental and macroseismic data about the effect of the Vranchian earthquakes over the past five years. Focal mechanisms of the earthquakes felt on the Republic of Moldova territory are given. Rezumat Articolul prezintă o sinteză a datelor instrumentale úi macroseismice cu privire la manifestarea cutremurilor vrâncene din ultimii cinci ani. Sunt determinate mecanismele focale ale cutremurilor care s-au manifestat pe teritoriul Republicii Moldova. Ɋɟɡɸɦɟ ɉɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɨ ɨɛɨɛɳɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɨ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɜɪɚɧɱɫɤɢɯ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɡɚ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɟ ɩɹɬɢɥɟɬɢɟ. ɉɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɫɬɟɪɟɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜɨɱɚɝɨɜɨɳɭɬɢɦɵɯɜɊɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɟɆɨɥɞɨɜɚɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ.

ɈɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɜɄɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɨɦɪɟɝɢɨɧɟɡɚ 1991-2008 ɝɝ. ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɵɜɪɚɛɨɬɟ [1]. Ɉɛɡɨɪɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɤɨɪɨɜɵɯɢ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɵɯɨɱɚɝɨɜɡɚ 2009-2012 ɝɝ. ɨɬɪɚɠɺɧɜɫɬɚɬɶɹɯ [2-7]. Ʉɚɤ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ ɢɡ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɦɧɨɝɨɥɟɬɧɢɯ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣ, ɨɫɧɨɜɧɚɹ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ Ʉɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɵɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɨɱɚɝɨɜ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ȼɪɚɧɱɚ. Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɢɨɱɚɝɨɜɨɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢɡɚɩɹɬɢɥɟɬɧɢɣɩɟɪɢɨɞɫ 2009 ɩɨ 2013 ɝɨɞɚ, ɭɞɟɥɢɜ ɨɫɨɛɨɟɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦɩɨ 2013 ɝɨɞɭ. ȼ ɬɚɛɥ. 1. ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɫɩɢɫɨɤ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ȼɪɚɧɱɚ, ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɳɭɳɚɥɢɫɶ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ Ɇɨɥɞɨɜɵ ɜ 2009-2013 ɝɝ., ɢ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɚ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɫɟɣɫɦɨɥɨɝɢɢ ȺɇɆ ɫɨɛɪɚɧ ɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɢ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɬɚɛɥɢɰ ɢ ɤɚɪɬ ɩɭɧɤɬɨɜ±ɛɚɥɥɨɜ. Ⱦɥɹ ɫɬɨɥɢɰɵ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɚ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɜɛɚɥɥɚɯ. Ⱦɥɹɬɪɺɯɢɡɷɬɢɯ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɛɵɥɢɫɨɛɪɚɧɵɞɚɧɧɵɟɩɨɪɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɟ, ɢɧɚɢɯ ɨɫɧɨɜɟɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɵɫɯɟɦɵɢɡɨɫɟɣɫɬ [2,6,7]. ɂɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɥɚɫɶ ɩɨɲɤɚɥɟɆSK-64. ɇɚɢɛɨɥɟɟɫɢɥɶɧɨɦɭɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸɩɨɞɜɟɪɠɟɧɚ ɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɤɚɪɬɟ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɣɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɤ 8-ɛɚɥɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɟ. Ɂɚ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɵɣ 5-ɥɟɬɧɢɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣɧɚɸɝɟɆɨɥɞɨɜɵɧɟɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɥɚ 4-5 ɛɚɥɥɨɜ. ɇɚ ɪɢɫ. 1 ɩɪɢɜɟɞɺɧ ɝɪɚɮɢɤ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɹɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɜɪɚɧɱɫɤɢɯ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ lg NȈ (ML) ɡɚ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ 2009-2013 ɝɝ. ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɤɚɬɚɥɨɝɭ ROMRLUS [8]. ɍɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ Ɇ t 3,5.

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Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 1. ɈɳɭɬɢɦɵɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɜɆɨɥɞɨɜɟɡɚ 2009-2013 ɝɝ. N Ⱦɚɬɚ Ʉɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɵɨɱɚɝɚ Ɇɚɝɧɢɬɭɞɚ M ȻɚɥɥɜɄɢɲɢɧɺɜɟ ɫ. ɲ. ɜ. ɞ. Ƚɥɭɛɢɧɚ, b 1 2009 04 45,68 26,56 103 5,3 4 2 200925 07 45,73 26,58 138 4,4 2 3 200924 10 45,68 26,47 159 4,2 2 4 200922 12 45,78 26,69 112 4,4 2 5 201026 06 45,61 26,43 120 4,5 2 6 201008 09 45,53 26,36 146 4,5 2 7 201130 05 45,58 26,45 137 5,1 3 8 201101 10 45,55 26,54 134 4,9 3 9 201204 01 45,52 26,34 144 4,5 2 10 201210 04 45,60 26,45 120 4,3 2 11 201226 07 45,69 26,67 116 4,5 2 12 201206 10 45,74 26,78 80 4,0 2 13 201201 01 45,71 26,74 93 4,6 3 14 201312 10 45,64 26,69 134 5,3 4 15 201306 10 45,64 26,56 136 4,8 3 15 2,5

2 1,5 lg N 1

0,5

0

3,5 4 4,5 5 5,5

ML Ɋɢɫ. 1. Ʉɭɦɭɥɹɬɢɜɧɵɣɝɪɚɮɢɤɩɨɜɬɨɪɹɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɵɯɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢȼɪɚɧɱɚɡɚ 2009-2013 ɝɝ.

ɍɝɥɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɹɟɦɨɫɬɢ b = - 0,98. Ʌɢɧɟɣɧɚɹ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɨɥɹɰɢɹɝɪɚɮɢɤɚɩɨɜɬɨɪɹɟɦɨɫɬɢɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɤɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɸ:

lg NȈ = 5,63 – 0,98 ML (1) ɋɚɦɵɟɫɢɥɶɧɵɟɫɨɛɵɬɢɹɡɚɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɧɵɣɩɟɪɢɨɞɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɢ 25 ɚɩɪɟɥɹ 2009 ɝ. ɢ 6 ɨɤɬɹɛɪɹ 2013 ɝ. ɫ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɜ ɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɟ ɜ 6 ɛɚɥɥɨɜ. ɉɟɪɜɨɟ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɟ ɩɪɢɭɪɨɱɟɧɨ ɤ ɫɟɜɟɪɨɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢɮɨɤɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵɢ ɤ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ 100 ɤɦ [2-3]. ȼɬɨɪɨɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɨ ɜ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɡɨɧɵ ɧɚ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ 135 ɤɦ. Ɇɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵɨɱɚɝɨɜɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ 1 ɦɚɹ ɢ 4 ɨɤɬɹɛɪɹ 2011 ɝ. ɨɩɢɫɚɧɵ ɜ ɫɬɚɬɶɹɯ [5-7]. ȼ 2012 ɝ. ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɯ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɧɟɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɨ, ɧɨɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɥɨɫɶɱɢɫɥɨɦɟɥɤɢɯɫ Ɇ = 3-3,5.

55 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɇɚ ɪɢɫ. 2 ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɚ ɝɢɫɬɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɝɨɞɚɦ ɢ ɦɚɝɧɢɬɭɞɚɦ ML ɱɢɫɥɚ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ȼɪɚɧɱɚ ɫ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɨɣ ɡɚɥɟɝɚɧɢɹ ɨɱɚɝɨɜ ɜ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɟ H = 80-160 ɤɦ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɤɚɬɚɥɨɝɭ ROMRLUS [8]. ɇɚ ɪɢɫ. 3 ɜɢɞɟɧ ɪɨɫɬ ɤ ɤɨɧɰɭ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɩɹɬɢɥɟɬɧɟɝɨ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣ ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɡɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɫɨɛɵɬɢɣɫ ML > 3,5. 50 40 2009 2010 30 n 2011 20 2012 10 2013 0 3,5 4 4,5 5 5,5

M L Ɋɢɫ. 2. Ɋɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɱɢɫɥɚɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɩɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɭɞɚɦɢɝɨɞɚɦɡɚ 2009-2013ɝɝ.

70 60 50 40 N 30 20 10 0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Ɋɢɫ. 3. Ɋɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɩɨɝɨɞɚɦɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɨɝɨɱɢɫɥɚɡɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ.

Ʉ 2013 ɝɨɞɭ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ȼɪɚɧɱɚ, ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɟɬ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɮɨɧɨɜɵɯ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɣ ɫ ɦɚɝɧɢɬɭɞɨɣ Ɇ = 3,5 – 4,0. ɇɚɪɢɫ. 4 ɢ 5 ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɦɟɫɹɰɚɦ 2013 ɝɨɞɚ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɡɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɦɚɝɧɢɬɭɞ Mmax.ɇɚɪɢɫ. 6 ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɚ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɝɥɭɛɢɧ ɨɱɚɝɨɜ ɫɢɥɶɧɟɣɲɢɯ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɣ ɝɨɞɚ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɢ ɜ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟɝɥɭɛɢɧ 85-145 ɤɦ. ɉɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɚɪɚɡɪɹɞɤɚɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɧɚ ɜɫɟɯɷɬɚɠɚɯɝɥɭɛɢɧɮɨɤɚɥɶɧɨɣɡɨɧɵȼɪɚɧɱɚ.

30 25 20 N 15 10

5

0 I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Ɋɢɫ. 4. Ɋɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɩɨɦɟɫɹɰɚɦ 2013 ɝɨɞɚɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢȼɪɚɧɱɚɫ ML > 2,5.

56 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

6 5 4 M 3 max 2 1 0 I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Ɋɢɫ. 5. Ɋɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɩɨɦɟɫɹɰɚɦ 2013 ɝɨɞɚ

ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɯɦɚɝɧɢɬɭɞ M maxɜɪɚɧɱɫɤɢɯɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ. 200 150

H 100

50 0 I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Ɋɢɫ. 6. Ɋɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɩɨɦɟɫɹɰɚɦɝɥɭɛɢɧ H ɫɢɥɶɧɟɣɲɢɯɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ 2013 ɝɨɞɚ. ɇɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɟɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɣ ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɨ ɜ ɹɧɜɚɪɟ ɢ ɞɟɤɚɛɪɟ ɡɚ ɫɱɺɬ ɮɨɧɨɜɵɯ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɫ ɦɚɝɧɢɬɭɞɨɣ Ɇ = 3,5-4,0. Ⱦɜɚ ɫɚɦɵɯ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɯ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɢ 6 ɨɤɬɹɛɪɹ ɫ ɦɚɝɧɢɬɭɞɨɣ ML = 5,5 ɢ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɜ ɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɟ I0 = 6, ɢ 15 ɨɤɬɹɛɪɹɫ ML = 4,7 ɢ I0 = 6 ɧɚɝɥɭɛɢɧɟɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ 135 ɤɦɜ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣɱɚɫɬɢɮɨɤɚɥɶɧɨɣɡɨɧɵȼɪɚɧɱɚ. Ɇɟɠɞɭɷɬɢɦɢɫɨɛɵɬɢɹɦɢɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɨɟɳɺ 4 ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɫ Ɇ = 3,0-3,5 ɜɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɟɝɥɭɛɢɧ 130-140 ɤɦ. ȼ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 2 ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬɫɹɪɟɲɟɧɢɹɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɨɱɚɝɨɜ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɵɯɡɚ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɵɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ. Ⱦɚɧɧɵɟ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɹ ɩɪɨɹɜɢɥɢɫɶ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ Ɇɨɥɞɨɜɵɫɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɸɞɨ 4-5 ɛɚɥɥɨɜ. Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 2. Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɹɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜɨɱɚɝɨɜɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢȼɪɚɧɱɚ

ɡɚ 2009-2013 ɝɝ. ɫɦɚɝɧɢɬɭɞɨɣ ML t 4,5. ɉɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɶ ɉɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɶ ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ʋ Ⱦɚɬɚ NP1 NP2 P B T N/n Stk Dp Slip Stk Dp Slip AzP Pl Az Pl Az Pl 1 25 04 2009 237 40 78 74 50 102 156 6 246 8 36 79 135/12 2 01 05 2011 155 66 72 12 30 124 258 20 162 16 38 62 83/10 3 04 10 2011 226 52 108 20 40 70 304 6 37 14 190 84 65/8 4 01 12 2012 246 50 94 60 40 84 334 5 65 3 196 84 61/6 5 06 10 2013 217 60 98 20 32 76 302 15 33 8 148 74 109/17 6 15 10 2013 217 67 104 27 23 69 312 21 35 4 154 58 88/7 NP1 – ɩɟɪɜɚɹɧɨɞɚɥɶɧɚɹɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɶ;NP2 – ɜɬɨɪɚɹɧɨɞɚɥɶɧɚɹɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɶ; Stk - ɚɡɢɦɭɬ (ɝɪɚɞɭɫ) ɩɪɨɫɬɢɪɚɧɢɹ ɧɨɞɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ;Dp – ɭɝɨɥ (ɝɪɚɞɭɫ) ɩɚɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɨɞɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ; Az – ɚɡɢɦɭɬ (ɝɪɚɞɭɫ) ɨɫɢɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ;Pl – ɭɝɨɥ (ɝɪɚɞɭɫ) ɨɫɢɫɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɨɦ; P – ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɫɠɚɬɢɹ; B – ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɨɟɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ; T – ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ; Slip – ɭɝɨɥ (ɝɪɚɞɭɫ) ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɩɪɨɫɬɢɪɚɧɢɹɧɨɞɚɥɶɧɨɣɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢɢɜɟɤɬɨɪɨɦɩɨɞɜɢɠɤɢ, ɢɡɦɟɪɹɟɦɨɣɧɚɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢɪɚɡɪɵɜɚ.

57 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɇɚ ɪɢɫ. 7 ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɫɬɟɪɟɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɨɱɚɝɨɜ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɡɚ

ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɵɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣ ɫ ɦɚɝɧɢɬɭɞɨɣ ML t 4,5. ɉɨɤɚɡɚɧɵ ɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɵ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɤɪɭɠɤɨɜ ɪɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɚ, ɨɧɢ ɬɟɦ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ, ɱɟɦ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚɦɚɝɧɢɬɭɞɵɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ.

Ɋɢɫ. 7. Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɹɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜɨɱɚɝɨɜɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɫ ML t 4,5ɡɚ 2009-2013 ɝɝ. ɜɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɢɧɚɧɢɠɧɸɸɩɨɥɭɫɮɟɪɭ ɡɚɱɟɪɧɟɧɵɨɛɥɚɫɬɢɫɠɚɬɢɹ). ɉɪɨɢɫɲɟɞɲɢɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɡɨɧɵ ȼɪɚɧɱɚ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɨɜɚɥɢ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɨɱɚɝɨɜɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɤɚɤ ɫɠɚɬɢɟ ɜ ɫɭɛɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢɢɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɟɜɫɭɛɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɣɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ. Ɉɫɶɫɠɚɬɢɹ Pɨɬɤɥɨɧɹɥɚɫɶ ɨɬɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɢɧɚɭɝɨɥɜ 2 - 21º, ɨɫɶɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɹɌ – ɧɚ 58 - 84°. ɉɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɚɹɨɫɶ ɛɥɢɡɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɚ. ɇɨɞɚɥɶɧɵɟɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢɞɥɹɩɹɬɢɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɩɪɨɫɬɢɪɚɸɬɫɹɫ ɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞɚ ɧɚ ɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɤ, ɨɫɶ ɫɠɚɬɢɹ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞɧɨɟ – ɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ. Ⱦɥɹɫɨɛɵɬɢɹ 1 ɦɚɹ 2011 ɝɨɞɚɨɛɟɧɨɞɚɥɶɧɵɟɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢɩɪɨɫɬɢɪɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɭɛɦɟɪɢɞɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ, ɨɫɶɫɠɚɬɢɹɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɚɫɭɛɲɢɪɨɬɧɨ. Ɉɰɟɧɢɦ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɢ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɪɚɡɪɵɜɚ ɞɥɹ ɫɢɥɶɧɟɣɲɢɯ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɣ 2009-2013 ɝɝ. ȼɨɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɫɹ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ [5] ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹɦɢɢɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɢɪɚɫɱɟɬɚɞɥɹɨɱɚɝɨɜ 2011 ɝ.: log Mo = 1,5 mb + 9,0 (2)

log Mo = 1,5 log Sr +15,25, (3) ɡɞɟɫɶ: mb – ɦɚɝɧɢɬɭɞɚɩɨɨɛɴɟɦɧɵɦɜɨɥɧɚɦ; Mo - ɫɤɚɥɹɪɧɚɹɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ; Sr – ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶɪɚɡɪɵɜɚɜɜɢɞɟɤɪɭɝɚɪɚɞɢɭɫɚ r.

58 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ȼɟɥɢɱɢɧɚɦɚɝɧɢɬɭɞɵ mbɞɥɹɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯɨɱɚɝɨɜɭɤɚɡɚɧɚɜɬɚɛɥ. 1. ɋɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɦɨɦɟɧɬɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟɦ:

ɆɈ = ȝSD, (4) ɝɞɟ: ȝ – ɦɨɞɭɥɶɫɞɜɢɝɚɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɝɨɪɧɵɯɦɚɫɫɜɨɛɥɚɫɬɢɨɱɚɝɚ; S – ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶɪɚɡɪɵɜɚ; D – ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɟɩɨɪɚɡɪɵɜɭ. Ɂɧɚɹ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ, ɦɨɞɭɥɶ ɫɞɜɢɝɚ ɢ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɪɚɡɪɵɜɚ, ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɨɰɟɧɨɱɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɧɢɦɚɟɦɨɣ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɫɪɟɞɧɟɣɩɨɪɚɡɪɵɜɭɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢɜɨɱɚɝɟ İ. ɉɪɢɦɟɦ ȝ = 0,7 1011 ɧɦ2 ɞɥɹ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɢ ɨɰɟɧɢɦɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɨɱɚɝɨɜɵɯɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ (ɬɚɛ. 3). Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 3. Ɉɰɟɧɤɚɨɱɚɝɨɜɵɯɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ 2009-2013 ɝɝ. Ⱦɚɬɚ Ɇɨ, ɧɦ S, ɤɦ2 r, ɤɦ D, ɫɦ İ=D/2r 25 04 2009 8,912 1016 13,49 2,07 9,44 2,28 10-5 01 05 2011 4,467 1016 8,58 1,65 7,44 2,25 10-5 04 10 2011 2,2391016 5,41 1,31 5,91 2,25 10-5 01 12 2012 7,943 1015 2,71 0,93 4,19 2,25 10-5 06 10 2013 8,912 1016 13,49 2,07 9,44 2,28 10-5 15 10 2013 1.585 1016 4.30 1,17 5,26 2,25 10-5

ɋɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɪɚɡɪɵɜɭ Dɩɪɢɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɯ 25 ɚɩɪɟɥɹ 2009 ɝ. ɢ 6 ɨɤɬɹɛɪɹ 2013 ɝ. ɧɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɟɟ, ɫɪɟɞɧɹɹɩɨɪɚɡɪɵɜɭɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹɜɨɱɚɝɟɞɥɹɜɫɟɯɫɨɛɵɬɢɣ İ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɚ.

ȼɵɜɨɞɵ Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɜɤɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɨɦɪɟɝɢɨɧɟɩɨɤɚɡɚɥ, ɱɬɨ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɢɜ 2009-2013 ɝɝ. ɛɵɥɮɨɧɨɜɵɦ. ȼɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɚɝɧɢɬɭɞ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɥɚ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ Ɇ = 5,5, ɚ ɤɨɪɨɜɵɯ – Ɇ = 4. Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɛɚɥɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɟ I0 = 6. ɇɚɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɊɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɢɆɨɥɞɨɜɵɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɧɟɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɥɚ 4-5 ɛɚɥɥɨɜ. ȼ 2013 ɝ. ɧɚɱɚɥɚɫɶ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɡɚɰɢɹɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ. ɉɪɢɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɫɬɟɪɟɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɨɱɚɝɨɜ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ȼɪɚɧɱɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɩɨɞ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟɦ ɫɢɥ ɛɥɢɡɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɠɚɬɢɹ ɢ ɛɥɢɡɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ. ȼ ɨɱɚɝɚɯ ɩɪɟɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ ɧɚɞɜɢɝɨɜɵɟ ɩɨɞɜɢɠɤɢ. ɋɠɚɬɢɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɨ ɜɤɪɟɫɬ ɩɪɨɫɬɢɪɚɧɢɹ ɬɟɤɬɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ.

Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ 1. Ⱦɪɭɦɹ Ⱥȼ., ɋɬɟɩɚɧɟɧɤɨ ɇə., ɂɥɢɟɲ ɂɂ., ɋɢɦɨɧɨɜɚ ɇȺ., Ⱥɥɟɤɫɟɟɜ ɂȼ. ɋɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ Ʉɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ 30, 31 ɦɚɹ 1990 ɝɨɞɚ. Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al Academiei de ùtiinĠe a Moldovei. N2, 2008. P. 48-56. 2. ɂɥɢɟɲ ɂɂ., ɋɬɟɩɚɧɟɧɤɨ ɇə., ɋɢɦɨɧɨɜɚ ɇȺ., Ⱥɥɟɤɫɟɟɜ ɂȼ. ɋɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ 59 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹɜɆɨɥɞɨɜɟɜ 2009 ɝɨɞɭ. ɋɟɣɫɦɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɛɸɥɥɟɬɟɧɶɍɤɪɚɢɧɵɡɚ 2009 ɝɨɞ. ɋɟɜɚɫɬɨɩɨɥɶ, ɇɉɐ «ɗɄɈɋɂȽɢɞɪɨɮɢɡɢɤɚ», 2011. ɋ. 46-50. 3. ɂɥɢɟɲ ɂɂ., ɋɬɟɩɚɧɟɧɤɨ ɇə., ɋɢɦɨɧɨɜɚ ɇȺ., Ⱥɥɟɤɫɟɟɜ ɂȼ. ɋɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɄɚɪɩɚɬɩɨɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹɦɧɚɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɯɆɨɥɞɨɜɵɜ 2009 ɝɨɞɭ. Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al Academiei de ùtiinĠe a Moldovei. N1, 2010. P. 32-40. 4. Ilieú I., Simonov N., Stepanenco N., Alekseev I. Seismicitatea regiunii Carpatice în anul 2010 în baza datelor de observaĠie seismice din Republica Moldova. Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al Academiei de ùtiinĠe a Moldovei. N1, 2011. P. 5-16. 5. ɋɬɟɩɚɧɟɧɤɨ ɇə., ɋɢɦɨɧɨɜɚ ɇȺ., Ʉɚɪɞɚɧɟɰ ȼɘ. Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɨɱɚɝɨɜ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ 1 ɦɚɹ ɢ 4 ɨɤɬɹɛɪɹ 2011 ɝ. Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al Academiei de ùtiinĠe a Moldovei. N2, 2011. P. 16-21. 6. ɂɥɢɟɲɂɂ., ɋɬɟɩɚɧɟɧɤɨɇə., ɋɢɦɨɧɨɜɚɇȺ., Ʉɚɪɞɚɧɟɰȼɘ. Ɇɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɜ Ɇɨɥɞɨɜɟ ɜ 2011 ɝɨɞɭ. Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al Academiei de ùtiinĠe a Moldovei. N2, 2011. P. 27-35. 7. ɂɥɢɟɲ ɂɂ., ɋɬɟɩɚɧɟɧɤɨ ɇə., Ʉɚɪɞɚɧɟɰ ȼɘ. Ɇɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɢ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵɨɱɚɝɨɜɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ 1 ɦɚɹɢ 4 ɨɤɬɹɛɪɹ 2011 ɝɨɞɚ. ɋɟɣɫɦɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɛɸɥɥɟɬɟɧɶ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɡɚ 2011 ɝɨɞ. ɋɟɜɚɫɬɨɩɨɥɶ, ɇɉɐ ©ɗɄɈɋɂȽɢɞɪɨɮɢɡɢɤɚ». 2012. ɋ. 71-77. 8. Institutul NaĠional pentru Fizica Pământului C.P. MG-2, Bucureúti – Măgurele, România, http://www.infp.ro/arhiva-in-timp-real/cauta-evenimente. Primit la redacĠie –27 decembrie 2013

60 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɍȾɄ 550.348.096.64 ɋɬɟɩɚɧɟɧɤɨɇə., Ʉɚɪɞɚɧɟɰȼɘ.

Ʉɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɢɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɡɚɩɟɪɢɨɞɫ 1868 ɩɨ 1893 ɝɝ. ɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɤɚɬɚɥɨɝ)

Abstract In the article, the macroseismic data of Carpathian earthquakes historically observed on the Republic of Moldova territory during the XIɏ century (13 11 1868, 25 12 1880, 17 08 and 10 09 1893) have been used to build up the macroseismical maps. Rezumat Sunt prezentate datele macroseismice pentru cutremurile carpatiene, care s-au manifestat pe teritoriul Republicii Moldova în secolul XIɏ (13 11 1868, 25 12 1880, 17 08 úi 10 09 1893). Rezultatele sunt prezentate în forma de hăUĠi macroseismice. Ɋɟɡɸɦɟ ɉɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɞɚɧɧɵɟɞɥɹɤɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɢɯɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɏ,ɏɜɟɤɚ, ɩɪɨɹɜɢɜɲɢɯɫɹɧɚɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢɊɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɢɆɨɥɞɨɜɵ: 13 11 1868ɝ., 25 12 1880ɝ., 17 08 1893ɝ. ɢ 10 09 1893ɝ. ɉɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɵɤɚɪɬɵɢɡɨɫɟɣɫɬ.

ȼɨ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɟ ɏ,ɏ ɜɟɤɚ ɜ Ʉɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɨɦ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɨ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɫɨɛɵɬɢɣ. Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 13 ɧɨɹɛɪɹ 1868 ɝ., 25 ɞɟɤɚɛɪɹ 1880 ɝ., 14 ɨɤɬɹɛɪɹ 1892 ɝ., 17 ɚɜɝɭɫɬɚ ɢ 10 ɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɹ 1893 ɝ. ȼɬɚɛɥ.1 ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬɫɹɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɩɨɞɚɧɧɵɦɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯɤɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɢɯɤɚɬɚɥɨɝɨɜ. Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 1. ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵɨɱɚɝɨɜɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɜɬɨɪɨɣɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɵɏ,ɏɜɟɤɚ ɂɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɜ Ƚɥɭɛɢɧɚɨɱɚɝɚ, H, Ⱦɚɬɚ ȼɪɟɦɹɱɦ ɗɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɫ. ɲ., ɜ. ɞ. Ɇɚɝɧɢɬɭɞɚ,Ms ɂɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɟ, Io, ɛɚɥɥ ɤɦ 7 50 (Ƚɪ.) 45,8 26,6 8 150 6,5 [1] 06 50±10 (45,7 6,6)±1,0 6±1 100 (50-150) 5,8 ±0,7 [2] 13 11 1868 07 45 45,7 26,6 7-8 i 6,4 [3] 07 45 45,7 26,6 7,5 i [4] 07 45 45,7 26,6 7,5 150 6,8 [5] 15 22 (Ƚɪ.) 45,8 26,6 8,5 150 7 [1] 14 30±10 (45,7 26,6)±0,5 7±1 150 (100-170) 6,2±0,7 [2] 25 12 1880 14 30 45,7 26,6 7 i 6,1 [3] 14 30 45,7 26,6 7,5 i 6,5 [4] 14 30 45,7 26,6 7,5 130 6,8 [5] 06 50 43,5 27,6 8 n 6,5 [4] 14 10 1892 06 50 43,5 27,6 8 n 6,5 [5] 06 50 45,1 29,5 7-8 50±20 [6] 16 20 45,8 26,6 8 150 6,5 [1] 14 45±1ɱ. (45,7 26,6)±0,5 (7)±1 100 (80-170) 6,1 ±0,5 [2] 17 08 1893 14 45 45,7 26,6 6-7 i 5,7 [3] 14 45 45,7 26,6 8 100 6,1 [4] 14 45 45,7 26,6 8 100 7,1 [5] 03 42±10 (45,7 26,6)±0,5 7±0,5 100 (50-150) 6,1 ±0,5 [2] 10 09 1893 03 40 45,7 26,6 6-7 i 5,7 [3] 03 40 45,7 26,6 7 i [4] 03 40 45,7 26,6 7 i 6,5 [5]

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13 ɧɨɹɛɪɹ 1868 ɝ. ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶɜɊɭɦɵɧɢɢ, Ȼɨɥɝɚɪɢɢ, Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ. ȼ Ȼɭɯɚɪɟɫɬɟɛɵɥɨ 4 ɬɨɥɱɤɚɜɬɟɱɟɧɢɟɨɞɧɨɣɦɢɧɭɬɵ. ɈɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶɜɄɢɲɢɧɺɜɟ, ɝɞɟɨɬ ɜɬɨɪɨɝɨɭɞɚɪɚɜɞɨɦɚɯɨɩɪɨɤɢɧɭɥɢɫɶɥɺɝɤɢɟɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ, ɜɈɞɟɫɫɟɛɵɥɨɞɜɚɥɺɝɤɢɯ ɭɞɚɪɚ, ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɨɜɑɟɬɚɬɹȺɥɛɷ (ȻɟɥɝɨɪɨɞɟȾɧɟɫɬɪɨɜɫɤɨɦ). Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɭɦɟɪɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɢɥɵ 25 ɞɟɤɚɛɪɹ 1880 ɝ. ɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶ ɜ Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɢ, ɧɚ ɫɟɜɟɪɟ Ȼɨɥɝɚɪɢɢ ɢ ɧɚ ɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɟ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ. ȼ Ʉɢɲɢɧɺɜɟ ɜɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɞɨɦɚɯ ɩɨɹɜɢɥɢɫɶ ɬɪɟɳɢɧɵ, ɜɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɪɚɡɜɚɥɢɥɢɫɶɬɪɭɛɵɢɩɟɱɤɢ, ɦɟɛɟɥɶɜɞɨɦɚɯ, ɩɨɫɭɞɚɢɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɜɟɳɢɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɥɢɲɭɦɢɬɪɟɫɤ, ɡɚɫɬɚɜɢɜɲɢɟɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɠɢɥɶɰɨɜɜɵɛɟɠɚɬɶɢɡɤɨɦɧɚɬ. ɂɡɭɱɟɧɢɸɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɫɨɛɵɬɢɹ 14 ɨɤɬɹɛɪɹ 1892 ɝ. ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɚɪɚɛɨɬɚ [6]. ȼɫɬɚɬɶɟ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ, ɱɬɨ ɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ ɩɪɢɭɪɨɱɟɧɚ ɤ ɭɫɬɶɟɜɨɦɭ ɨɬɪɟɡɤɭ Ⱦɭɧɚɹ ɜ ɪɚɣɨɧɟ ɂɫɚɤɱɚ±Ɍɭɥɱɚ±ɋɭɥɢɧɚ. ɋɞɟɥɚɧ ɜɵɜɨɞ ɨ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɷɬɨ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɧɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɟɟɢɡɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɯɜɞɟɥɶɬɟȾɭɧɚɹ. ɉɪɢ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɩɨ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ Ʉɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɦɵɭɛɟɞɢɥɢɫɶɜɨɲɢɛɨɱɧɨɫɬɢɜɵɜɨɞɨɜ, ɫɞɟɥɚɧɧɵɯɜɪɚɛɨɬɟ [6]. ȼɦɨɧɨɝɪɚɮɢɢ ɂ. Ⱥɬɚɧɚɫɢɭ [7], ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɧɟɬ ɫɫɵɥɤɢ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ [6], ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɤɚɪɬɚ ɢɡɨɫɟɣɫɬ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɟɦ ɧɚɢɜɵɫɲɟɣ ɛɚɥɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɟɜɟɪɨɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɣ Ȼɨɥɝɚɪɢɢ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ [8] ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 14 ɨɤɬɹɛɪɹ 1892 ɝ. ɜ 50 ɧɚɫɟɥɺɧɧɵɯ ɩɭɧɤɬɚɯ Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɢ, ɢɡ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ, ɱɬɨɜɭɫɬɶɟȾɭɧɚɹɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɛɵɥɚɧɟɜɵɲɟ 6 ɛɚɥɥɨɜ. Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɫɟɜɟɪɨɜɨɫɬɨɤɟ Ȼɨɥɝɚɪɢɢ. ȼ Ʉɟɦɟɧɥɚɪɟɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɵɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɫɬɚɪɵɟɡɞɚɧɢɹ. ȼ Ɉɥɬɟɧɢɰɟ (Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɹ) ɨɛɜɚɥɢɥɢɫɶ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɭɯɧɭɥɢ ɫɜɨɞɵ. ȼɨɞɵ Ⱦɭɧɚɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɥɢ ɜɨɥɧɵ ɜɵɫɨɬɨɣ 3 ɦɧɚɞɭɪɨɜɧɟɦɨɞɧɨɷɬɚɠɧɨɝɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ. ɇɟɦɧɨɝɨɜɵɲɟɜɩɚɞɟɧɢɹȺɪɞɠɟɲɚ ɜȾɭɧɚɣɧɚɛɟɪɟɝɭɪɚɫɤɨɥɨɥɚɫɶɡɟɦɥɹ, ɢɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɥɨɫɶɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨɛɨɥɶɲɨɟɨɡɟɪɨ. Ⱦɥɹɭɬɨɱɧɟɧɢɹɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɨɦɟɫɬɨɧɚɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɢɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɚɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 14 ɨɤɬɹɛɪɹ 1892 ɝ. ɦɵ ɩɟɪɟɫɦɨɬɪɟɥɢ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɛɚɥɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɭɧɤɬɚɯ Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɢ, Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ, ȼɟɧɝɪɢɢ, Ɍɭɪɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɲɤɚɥɟ Ɇ6Ʉ-64 ɩɨ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɟ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɨɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚɯ. ɋɨɛɪɚɧɧɵɟ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɟ ɧɚɦɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɭ ɢɡ 59 ɩɭɧɤɬɨɜɛɚɥɥɨɜ, ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɤɨɬɨɪɨɣɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɚɤɚɪɬɚɢɡɨɫɟɣɫɬ, ɨɩɭɛɥɢɤɨɜɚɧɧɚɹɜɫɬɚɬɶɟ [9]. ɂɡ ɤɚɪɬɵ ɜɢɞɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ 14 ɨɤɬɹɛɪɹ 1892 ɝ. ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɨ ɧɚ ɫɟɜɟɪɨɜɨɫɬɨɤɟȻɨɥɝɚɪɢɢ. ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɛɵɥɢɯɨɪɨɲɨɨɳɭɬɢɦɵɧɚɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɟ Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɢ, ɱɬɨɛɵɥɨɛɵɦɚɥɨɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɵɦ, ɟɫɥɢɛɵɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɟɝɨɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɫɹɜɭɫɬɶɟ Ⱦɭɧɚɹ. ɆɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɧɚɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɟɊɨɫɫɢɢɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɥɚ 4 ɛɚɥɥɚ. ȼ 1893 ɝ. ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɨ ɞɜɚɫɢɥɶɧɵɯɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ, ɨɯɜɚɬɢɜɲɢɯ ɜɫɸɊɭɦɵɧɢɸ, Ȼɨɥɝɚɪɢɸ, Ɍɪɚɧɫɢɥɶɜɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ: 17 ɚɜɝɭɫɬɚ ɢ 10 ɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɹ. ɗɬɢ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɹɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨɨɩɢɫɚɧɵɜɌɪɭɞɚɯɦɟɬɟɨɪɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɟɬɢɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɚɊɨɫɫɢɢ. ȼ VI ɜɵɩɭɫɤɟ Ɇɟɬɟɨɪɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ Ɉɛɨɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɛɵɥ ɩɨɦɟɳɺɧ ɨɩɪɨɫɧɵɣ ɥɢɫɬ ɨ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɯ ɂɦɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ Ɋɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ Ƚɟɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ Ɉɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɲɤɚɥɚɊɨɫɫɢɎɨɪɟɥɹ, ɢɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɬɟɥɢɡɧɚɥɢ, ɧɚɱɬɨɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɶɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ [10]. Ⱦɥɹ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 17 ɚɜɝɭɫɬɚ 1893 ɝ. ɫɩɢɫɨɤ ɩɭɧɤɬɨɜɛɚɥɥɨɜ ɩɨ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɢ ɢ ɤɚɪɬɚ ɢɡɨɫɟɣɫɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɜ ɦɨɧɨɝɪɚɮɢɢ Ⱥɬɚɧɚɫɢɭ [7]. ȼ ɤɧɢɝɟ [11] ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɤɚɪɬɚ ɢɡɨɫɟɣɫɬ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 17 ɚɜɝɭɫɬɚ ɫ ɧɚɧɟɫɺɧɧɵɦɢ 10 ɩɭɧɤɬɚɦɢɛɚɥɥɚɦɢɩɨɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢȻɨɥɝɚɪɢɢ. ȼɪɚɛɨɬɟ [12] ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɫɹɤɚɪɬɚɢɡɨɫɟɣɫɬ ɩɨ 54 ɩɭɧɤɬɚɦ. ɂɦɟɟɬɫɹɬɚɤɠɟɤɚɪɬɚɢɡɨɫɟɣɫɬɞɚɧɧɨɝɨɫɨɛɵɬɢɹɜȺɬɥɚɫɟ [13]. ȼɫɤɨɪɟ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 17 ɚɜɝɭɫɬɚ ɜ 1893 ɝ. ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɨ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɟɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨɬɚɤɨɣɠɟɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ 10 ɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɹɬɨɝɨɠɟɝɨɞɚ. Ʉɚɪɬɚ

62 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 10 ɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɹ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɢ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɚ Ⱥɬɚɧɚɫɢɭ [7]. ȼ ɤɧɢɝɟ [11] ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɢɡɨɥɢɧɢɢ ɤɚɪɬɵ ɢɡɨɫɟɣɫɬ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 10 ɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɹ ɫ ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɧɵɦɢ 13 ɩɭɧɤɬɚɦɢɛɚɥɥɚɦɢ ɩɨ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ Ȼɨɥɝɚɪɢɢ. ɉɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɫɹɫɯɟɦɚɢɡɨɫɟɣɫɬɜɪɚɛɨɬɟ [12]. ɂɦɟɟɬɫɹɤɚɪɬɚɢɡɨɫɟɣɫɬɢɜȺɬɥɚɫɟ [13], ɧɚɤɨɬɨɪɨɣɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɵɬɨɥɶɤɨɢɡɨɥɢɧɢɢɛɚɥɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɛɟɡɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɢɹɩɭɧɤɬɨɜɛɚɥɥɨɜ. Ⱦɚɥɟɟ ɰɢɬɢɪɭɟɦ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɨ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɢɡɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯɤɚɬɚɥɨɝɨɜɢɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ.

Ɇɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɞɚɧɧɵɟɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɢ 13 ɧɨɹɛɪɹ 1868 ɝ. «1868, 1-ɝɨ (13) ɧɨɹɛɪɹɜ 8 ɱ. 45 ɦ. ɭɬɪɚɫɢɥɶɧɨɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɜ ȺɥɶɫɨɊɚɤɚɲ ɜɌɪɚɧɫɢɥɶɜɚɧɢɢ), ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɟɟɫɹ 45 ɫɟɤ. ɢɲɟɞɲɟɟɫɜɨɫɬɨɤɚɧɚɡɚɩɚɞ; ɜ 9 ɱ. ɭɬɪɚ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɜ Ȼɭɯɚɪɟɫɬɟ;ɜ 9 ɱ. 15 ɦ. ɭɬɪɚɹɜɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟɭɞɚɪɵɜ Ɋɭɳɭɤɟ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ 24 ɫɟɤ., ɲɟɞɲɢɟɫɫɟɜɟɪɚɧɚɸɝ; ɜ 9 ɱ. 20 ɦ. ɭɬɪɚɜ Ɇɨɭɪɬɮɚɬɥɚɪɢ, ɑɟɪɧɚɜɨɞɟ ɢ Ɇɟɞɠɢɞɢɢ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟ ɡɟɦɥɢ ɜ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɢɟ 1 ɦɢɧ., ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɞɜɚ ɭɞɚɪɚ; ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɥɨɫɶ ɫ ɡɚɩɚɞɚ ɧɚ ɜɨɫɬɨɤ; ɜ 9 ɱ. 23 ɦ. ɩɨɫɪɟɞɧɟɦɭ ɉɟɬɟɪɛ. ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ) ɭɬɪɚ ɞɜɚ ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɞɚɪɚ ɜ ɇɨɜɨɋɟɥɶɰɟ ɫ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɤɨɦ ɜ 5 ɫɟɤ., ɬɪɟɬɢɣ, ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɜɲɢɣ ɡɚ ɜɬɨɪɵɦ ɬɨɠɟ ɱɟɪɟɡ 5 ɫɟɤ., ɛɵɥ ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɫɥɚɛ; ɜ 9 ɱ. 30 ɦ. ɭɬɪɚ ɬɪɢ ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɞɚɪɚ ɜ ɧɟɦɟɰɤɨɣ ɤɨɥɨɧɢɢ Ʉɭɛɟɣ; 9 ɱ. 35 ɦ. ɭɬɪɚɞɜɚɭɞɚɪɚɜ Ʉɢɲɢɧɺɜɟ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɢɟɫɹɨɬ 2 ɞɨ 3 ɫɟɤ., ɩɪɢɱɺɦ ɩɟɪɜɵɣɛɵɥɫɥɚɛɟɟ, ɜɬɨɪɨɣɨɩɪɨɤɢɧɭɥɜɞɨɦɚɯɥɺɝɤɢɟɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ; ɜɬɨɬɠɟɞɟɧɶ, ɜ 4 ɱ. ɩɨɩɨɥɭɞɧɢ, ɜɵɩɚɥɫɧɟɝ; ɜ 9 ɱ. 45 ɦ. ɭɬɪɚɜ Ʉɪɨɧɲɬɚɞɬɟ ɛɵɥɨɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. ȼɬɨɠɟ ɫɚɦɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɞɜɚ ɭɞɚɪɚ ɜ Ɉɞɟɫɫɟ, ɜ 9 ɱ. 50 ɦ. ɭɬɪɚɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɜ Ɍɭɥɶɱɟ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɟɟɫɹ 6 ɫɟɤ.; ɜ 10 ɱ. ɭɬɪɚ ɜ Ɋɭɠɢɧɟ ɫɥɵɲɟɧ ɛɵɥ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɵɣ ɲɭɦ, ɢ ɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɯ ɭɞɚɪɨɜ; ɜɫɟ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɢɫɶ ɨɬ 2 ɞɨ 3 ɫɟɤ; ɜɨɪɨɬɚɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɞɨɦɨɜɨɬɜɨɪɢɥɢɫɶ.» [14] «1868 ɝ., ɧɨɹɛɪɶ, 13, 8 ɱ. 50 ɦ. ȻɨɥɶɲɨɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɜɊɭɦɵɧɢɢ, Ȼɨɥɝɚɪɢɢ, Ɍɪɚɧɫɢɥɶɜɚɧɢɢ, Ȼɟɫɫɚɪɚɛɢɢ, Ƚɚɥɢɰɢɢ, ȼɨɥɵɧɢ. ȼ Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɢ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶ ɜɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɝɨɪɨɞɚɯ. ȼ Ɋɚɤɨɲɭɥɞɟɀɨɫ ɨɧɨ ɞɥɢɥɨɫɶ 45 ɫɟɤ. ɇɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ – ɫ ɜɨɫɬɨɤɚ ɧɚ ɡɚɩɚɞ. ȼ Ȼɭɯɚɪɟɫɬɟ ɛɵɥɨ 4 ɬɨɥɱɤɚ, ɫɚɦɵɣ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɣ - ɬɪɟɬɢɣ. ɋɢɥɶɧɵɟɬɨɥɱɤɢɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɢɫɶɜ Ɇɟɞɠɢɞɢɢ, ɑɟɪɧɨɜɨɞɟ, Ȼɪɚɲɨɜɟ ɋɬɚɥɢɧ), ɋɮɵɧɬɭɥȽɟɨɪɝɟ, Ɍɵɪɝɭɥɋɷɤɭɟɫɤ. ȼ Ɋɭɫɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɢɥɨɫɶ 24 ɫɟɤ. ɇɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɧɚɲɟɣ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶ ɜ Ʉɢɲɢɧɺɜɟ, ɝɞɟ ɨɬ ɜɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɭɞɚɪɚ ɜ ɞɨɦɚɯ ɨɩɪɨɤɢɧɭɥɢɫɶ ɥɺɝɤɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ. ȼ Ɉɞɟɫɫɟ – ɞɜɚɥɺɝɤɢɯɭɞɚɪɚ, ɜ ɇɨɜɨɫɟɥɶɫɤɨɦ – ɞɜɚ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɞɚɪɚ, ɜ ɧɟɦɟɰɤɨɣ ɤɨɥɨɧɢɢ Ʉɭɛɟɣ, ɜ Ɋɭɠɢɧɟ – ɫɥɵɲɟɧ ɛɵɥ ɲɭɦ, ɢ ɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɯ ɭɞɚɪɨɜ, ɜ Ɍɭɥɶɱɢɧɟ. Ɉɱɚɝɷɬɨɝɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɫɹɜɨɜɧɟɲɧɟɦ ɭɝɥɭɢɡɝɢɛɚɄɚɪɩɚɬ (ɪɚɣɨɧȼɪɚɧɱɚ).» [15] ©ɇɨɜɨɫɟɥɶɫɤɨɟ 4-5, ȻɟɥɝɨɪɨɞȾɧɟɫɬɪɨɜɫɤɢɣ (Ⱥɤɤɟɪɦɚɧ) 4, Ɉɞɟɫɫɚ 4, Ɋɭɠɢɱɧɚ ɀɢɬɨɦɢɪɫɤɚɹɨɛɥ.) 4, Ɍɭɥɶɱɢɧ (ȼɢɧɧɢɰɤɚɹɨɛɥ.) 3-4 ɛɚɥɥɚ». [1] ©ȻɨɥɶɲɨɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɜɊɭɦɵɧɢɢ, Ȼɨɥɝɚɪɢɢ, Ɍɪɚɧɫɢɥɶɜɚɧɢɢ, Ȼɟɫɫɚɪɚɛɢɢ, Ƚɚɥɢɰɢɢ, ȼɨɥɵɧɢ. ȼ Ȼɭɯɚɪɟɫɬɟ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɱɟɬɵɪɟ ɬɨɥɱɤɚ ɜ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞ – ɫɟɜɟɪɨɜɨɫɬɨɤ. Ⱦɥɢɥɨɫɶɨɤɨɥɨɨɞɧɨɣɦɢɧɭɬɵ. Ɍɪɟɬɢɣɬɨɥɱɨɤɛɵɥɛɨɥɟɟ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɦ. ɇɚ ɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɤ Ɍɪɚɧɫɢɥɶɜɚɧɢɢ ɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶ ɜ Ɍɵɪɝɭɥɋɷɤɭɟɫɤ, Ȼɪɚɲɨɜɟ, Ȼɨɞɨɤɟ ɢ ɞɪ. ȼȻɟɫɫɚɪɚɛɢɢɜ Ʉɭɛɟɣ, ɑɟɬɚɬɹȺɥɛɷɢɞɪ. ȼȻɨɥɝɚɪɢɢ ɡɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɨɜ Ɋɭɳɭɤɟ; ɜȻɭɤɨɜɢɧɟ – ɜɨɜɫɟɯɪɚɣɨɧɚɯ; ɜɊɨɫɫɢɢ – ɜ Ɉɞɟɫɫɟɢ ɞɪ.

63 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ȼɟɡɞɟ ɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶ 3 ɬɨɥɱɤɚ. Ȼɟɡɭɫɥɨɜɧɨ, ɷɬɨɛɵɥɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɫ ɨɱɚɝɨɦɜɨ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɦɢɡɝɢɛɟɄɚɪɩɚɬ, ɝɞɟɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɢɢɞɪɭɝɢɟɛɨɥɶɲɢɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ.» [16] «1868, 11, 13, 9 ɱ. 45 ɦ. Ȼɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɜ Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɢ, Ȼɨɥɝɚɪɢɢ, Ɍɪɚɧɫɢɥɶɜɚɧɢɢ, Ƚɚɥɢɰɢɢ, ȼɨɥɵɧɢ. Ɇɟɠɞɭ ɬɟɦ, ɫɨɡɞɚɺɬɫɹ ɜɩɟɱɚɬɥɟɧɢɟ, ɱɬɨ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɦ, ɧɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɛɨɥɶɲɭɸ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ.» [17] «1868, ɧɨɹɛɪɶ 13, 19 ɱ. 11 ɦ. Ȼɭɯɚɪɟɫɬ.Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɫɱɟɬɵɪɶɦɹɬɨɥɱɤɚɦɢɜ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢɫɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɚɧɚɫɟɜɟɪɨɜɨɫɬɨɤ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟɞɥɢɥɨɫɶɨɞɧɭɦɢɧɭɬɭ. Ɍɪɟɬɶɹ ɜɨɥɧɚɛɵɥɚɨɳɭɬɢɦɟɟɞɪɭɝɢɯ.» [8] «1868 11 13, 8 ɱ. 50 ɦ. ɗɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɣɪɚɣɨɧ Ȼɪɚɲɨɜ.» [18] «13 11 1868. Ɉɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶɜ ɑɟɪɧɨɜɰɚɯ.» [19] ɉɨ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɺɧɧɵɦ ɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹɦ ɦɵ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɥɢ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɭ ɩɭɧɤɬɨɜɛɚɥɥɨɜ ɩɨ ɲɤɚɥɟ MSK-64 ɢ ɧɚ ɟɺ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɢɥɢ ɤɚɪɬɭ ɢɡɨɫɟɣɫɬ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 13 ɧɨɹɛɪɹ 1868 ɝ. (Ɋɢɫ. 1).

Ɋɢɫ. 1. Ʉɚɪɬɚɢɡɨɫɟɣɫɬɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ13 ɧɨɹɛɪɹ 1868 ɝ.

ɍɞɚɥɨɫɶ ɩɪɨɜɟɫɬɢ ɥɢɲɶ ɢɡɨɥɢɧɢɸ 4 ɛɚɥɥɚ. ɉɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɨ ɫɟɪɶɺɡɧɵɯ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɹɯɧɟɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ, ɛɚɥɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɜɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɟ Io = 8 ɩɨ [1] ɢ Io = 7,5 ɩɨ [3] ɧɚɦɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɡɚɜɵɲɟɧɧɨɣ.

Ɇɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɞɚɧɧɵɟɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɢ 25 ɞɟɤɚɛɪɹ 1880 ɝ. «1880, 25 ɞɟɤɚɛɪɹ 4 ɱ. 53 ɦ. Ȼɨɥɶɲɨɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. 4 ɱ. 50 ɦ. ȼ Ȼɭɯɚɪɟɫɬɟɜ 5 ɱɚɫɨɜɛɟɡɞɟɫɹɬɢɦɢɧɭɬɛɵɥɨɫɧɨɜɚɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɨ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɢɞɭɳɟɟ ɫ ɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞɚ ɧɚ ɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɤ, ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɥɢ ɬɪɢ ɬɨɥɱɤɚ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ ɞɜɭɯɫɟɤɭɧɞ. ɗɬɨ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶɩɨɱɬɢ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɣɫɬɪɚɧɟ. ȼ əɫɫɚɯ, Ʉɨɧɫɬɚɧɰɟ, ȻɵɪɥɚɞɟɢȽɚɥɚɰɟɬɨɥɱɨɤɛɵɥɫɢɥɶɧɵɦ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɬɚɤɠɟɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶɢɜ Ɋɵɦɧɢɤɟ, Ȼɪɚɲɨɜɟ, ɱɟɪɟɡȻɟɫɫɚɪɚɛɢɸɞɚɠɟɜ Ɉɞɟɫɫɟ.

64 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

Ȼɭɯɚɪɟɫɬ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɨ ɜ 4 ɱ. 44 ɦ., ɜ ɫɭɛɛɨɬɭ, 13/25 ɞɟɤɚɛɪɹ, ɩɨɫɥɟ ɨɛɟɞɚ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶ ɤɚɤ ɭɞɚɪ ɫɧɢɡɭ ɜɜɟɪɯ, ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɟɦɵɣ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɦɢɜɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢɜɨɫɬɨɤɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɤɧɚɡɚɩɚɞɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞ. ȼɪɟɦɹɞɜɭɯ ɬɨɥɱɤɨɜɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɥɨɨɤɨɥɨɨɞɧɨɣ cɟɤɭɧɞɵ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɹɢɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɦɟɠɞɭɧɢɦɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɥ ½ ɫɟɤ. Ɉɞɢɧ ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɬɨɥɱɨɤ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɞɥɢɥɫɹ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɬɪɢ ɫɟɤɭɧɞɵ, ɤɚɤɛɵɥɨɨɩɭɛɥɢɤɨɜɚɧɨɜɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɝɚɡɟɬɚɯ, ɪɚɡɪɭɲɢɥɱɚɫɬɶɝɨɪɨɞɚ. 4 ɱ. 36 ɦ. Ȼɪɷɢɥɚ. Ⱦɜɚɭɞɚɪɚ. ɉɟɪɜɵɣ – ɜɢɛɪɢɪɭɸɳɢɣ, ɜɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɟɧɢɢɝɭɥɚ, ɜɬɨɪɨɣɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɟɟɩɨɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɢɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ, ɢɢɦɟɥɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɜɨɫɬɨɤɚɧɚɡɚɩɚɞ. Ɉɛɳɚɹɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ 11 ɫ. ɫɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɚɦɢɨɬ 4 ɞɨ 5 ɫ. ɋɢɥɚ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɞɨɫɬɢɝɥɚ 4 ɛɚɥɥɨɜɩɨɲɤɚɥɟɎɨɪɟɥɹ. ɉɨȻɭɯɚɪɟɫɬɫɤɨɦɭɦɟɪɢɞɢɚɧɭ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɢɦɟɥɨɦɟɫɬɨɜ 4 ɱ. 44 ɦ. Ɉɛɷɬɨɦɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɢɒɬ. ɏɟɩɢɬɟɫ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɥ Ɋɭɦɵɧɫɤɨɣ Ⱥɤɚɞɟɦɢɢ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɭɸ ɡɚɦɟɬɤɭ ɫ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟɦ ©ɁɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɜȻɪɷɢɥɟɨɬ 25 ɞɟɤɚɛɪɹɧɫ.» 5 ɱ. 10 ɦ. əɫɫɵ.Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɨɳɭɬɢɦɨɟ ɜ Ȼɭɯɚɪɟɫɬɟ,ɛɵɥɨɡɚɦɟɱɟɧɨɢɜ əɫɫɚɯ ɨɤɨɥɨ 4 ɱ. 50 ɦ. Ɍɨɥɱɤɢ, ɩɢɲɟɬ «Steaua României», ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɢɫɶ 20 ɫ. ɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɦɢ. ɉɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ ɜ ɞɨɦɚɯ, ɦɟɛɟɥɶ, ɱɚɫɵ, ɥɚɦɩɵ ɤɚɱɚɥɢɫɶ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɝɨɬɨɥɱɤɚɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɥɢɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɫɥɚɛɵɯɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ, ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɟɦɵɯɝɭɥɨɦ. Ƚɚɥɚɰ.Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶɩɨɫɥɟ 5 ɱɚɫɨɜ. Ɉɧɨɛɵɥɨɧɚɫɬɨɥɶɤɨɫɢɥɶɧɵɦ, ɱɬɨɞɚɠɟɦɧɨɝɢɟɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹɩɨɫɬɪɚɞɚɥɢ, ɚɫɢɥɶɧɟɟɜɫɟɯɊɟɦɟɫɥɟɧɧɚɹɲɤɨɥɚ. 5 ɱ. 30 ɦ. Ɏɨɤɲɚɧɵ.Ɂɞɟɫɶɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶɜ 5 ɫɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɨɣɱɚɫɨɜ. Ɍɭɪɧɭɋɟɜɟɪɢɧ. Ʉɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ ɛɵɥɢ ɧɚɫɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɦɢ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɚɝɚɡɢɧɚɯɩɚɞɚɥɢɬɨɜɚɪɵɫɩɨɥɨɤ.» [8] «1880, 25 ɞɟɤɚɛɪɹ, 16 ɱ. 22 ɦ. – 17 ɱ. 30 ɦ. Ȼɨɥɶɲɨɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɬɪɢɫɢɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɨɥɱɤɚ, ɨɳɭɬɢɦɵɟ ɜ Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɢ, Ɍɪɚɧɫɢɥɶɜɚɧɢɢ, Ȼɟɫɫɚɪɚɛɢɢɢ ɞɪ. ɏɨɪɨɲɨ ɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶ ɜ ɩɭɧɤɬɚɯ: Ȼɭɯɚɪɟɫɬ, Ɏɨɤɲɚɧɵ, əɫɫɵ, Ɍɟɤɭɱ, Ƚɚɥɚɰ, Ɍɭɪɧɭɋɟɜɟɪɢɧ, Ȼɪɚɲɨɜ, Ȼɵɪɥɚɞ, Ʉɨɧɫɬɚɧɰɚ. ɏɨɪɨɲɨ ɛɵɥɨɨɳɭɬɢɦɨɟɳɺɜ: Ɋɭɳɭɤ, Ʉɢɲɢɧɺɜ, ɂɡɦɚɢɥ, Ɉɞɟɫɫɚ, Ȼɪɚɢɥɚ, ɀɟɨɪɠɟɧɶ, Ȼɨɞ, Ɋɵɲɧɨɜ, ɏɨɦɨɪɨɞ, Ɏɟɥɞɢɨɚɪɚ. ɋɢɥɶɧɨ ɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶ ɜ ɋɢɛɢɭ, Ɍɭɲɧɚɞ, ȼɵɪɝɢɚɲ, ɉɪɚɣɞ, ɋɢɥɢɫɬɪɚ, Ɍɭɥɱɚ, ȼɚɫɥɭɣɢɬɞ. ɉɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɜɨɥɧɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɫɹɜ ɢɡɝɢɛɟ Ʉɚɪɩɚɬ – ȼɪɵɧɱɨɚɹ ɢɥɢȻɢɫɨɤɚ. ɉɥɨɳɚɞɶ, ɨɯɜɚɱɟɧɧɚɹɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɦ – 500/300 ɤɦ ɢɥɢ 117 750 ɤɜ. ɤɦ.» [16] «1880 ɝ., ɞɟɤɚɛɪɶ, 25(13), 16 ɱ. 22 ɦ. Ȼɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɜ Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɢ, Ɍɪɚɧɫɢɥɶɜɚɧɢɢ ɢ ɧɚ ɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɟ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ. Ɉɯɜɚɱɟɧɧɚɹ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ - 92 000 ɤɦ2. ɇɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɢ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɹɜɢɥɨɫɶ ɫ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɫɢɥɨɣ ɜ ɝɨɪɨɞɚɯ: Ȼɭɯɚɪɟɫɬ, Ȼɪɚɲɨɜ, Ɏɨɤɲɚɧɵ, əɫɫɵ, Ɍɟɤɭɱ, Ƚɚɥɚɰ, Ɍɭɪɧɭɋɟɜɟɪɢɧ, ɋɢɛɢɭ, Ɋɵɲɧɨɜ, ɋɮɵɧɬɭɥȽɟɨɪɝɟ, Ȼɨɞ. ȼ ɧɚɲɟɣ ɫɬɪɚɧɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶ ɜ Ʉɢɲɢɧɺɜɟ, Ȼɟɥɨɣ ɐɟɪɤɜɢ, ɂɡɦɚɢɥɟ. Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɢɥɶɧɵɦɨɧɨɛɵɥɨɜ Ɉɞɟɫɫɟ, ɝɞɟɞɥɢɥɨɫɶ 10 ɫɟɤ. ɢɨɬɦɟɱɚɥɨɫɶɞɜɚ ɟɝɨ ɬɨɥɱɤɚ. ȼ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɹɯ ɝɨɪɨɞɚ, ɞɚɠɟ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɷɬɚɠɚɯ, ɨɧɨ ɩɪɨɹɜɢɥɨɫɶ ɫ ɧɟɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɥɨɣ. ȼɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɞɨɦɚɯ ɩɨɹɜɢɥɢɫɶ ɧɨɜɵɟ ɢ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɢɥɢɫɶ ɫɬɚɪɵɟ ɬɪɟɳɢɧɵ, ɜɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɞɨɦɚɯɩɚɞɚɥɢ ɫɨ ɫɬɟɧ ɤɚɪɬɢɧɵ, ɡɟɪɤɚɥɚ ɢɩɪ. Ɉɞɟɫɫɚ ɛɵɥɚ, ɩɨɜɢɞɢɦɨɦɭ, ɤɪɚɣɧɢɦ ɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɵɦ ɩɭɧɤɬɨɦ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɢɡ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɦɟɫɬɬɨɝɨɤɪɚɹ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɇɢɤɨɥɚɟɜɚɢɏɟɪɫɨɧɚ, ɧɟɛɵɥɨɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɨɧɢɤɚɤɢɯɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɣ.

65 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

Ƚɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ: ɡɚɩɚɞɧɚɹ – ɋɢɛɢɭ, ɫɟɜɟɪɧɚɹ – ȼɚɫɥɭɣ, ɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɚɹ - Ɉɞɟɫɫɚ,ɸɠɧɚɹ – ɋɢɥɢɫɬɪɚ.» [15] «1880 ɝ., ɞɟɤɚɛɪɶ 25, Ɉɞɟɫɫɚ 6, ɂɡɦɚɢɥ 4?, Ȼɟɥɚɹɐɟɪɤɨɜɶ 3-4 ɛɚɥɥɚ.» [1] «1880 12 25, 16 ɱ. 22 ɦ. ɗɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɚɹɡɨɧɚ Ȼɪɚɲɨɜ.» [18] «1880 12 25, 16 ɱ. 18 ɦ. ɢɥɢ 17 ɱ. 30 ɦ. Ȼɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɜ Ɍɪɚɧɫɢɥɶɜɚɧɢɢ, ɊɭɦɵɧɢɢɢȻɟɫɫɚɪɚɛɢɢ.» [17] «1880, 25 ɞɟɤ., 16 ɱ. 44 ɦ. Ɉɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶɩɨɱɬɢɩɨɜɫɟɣɫɬɪɚɧɟɫɥɚɛɨɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɨɫɶ ɢ ɜ Ɋɭɳɭɤɟ, ɤɚɤɢ, ɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɨ, ɜ ɸɠɧɨɣȾɨɛɪɭɞɠɟ.» [20] «25 12 1880 ɝ. ɢɡ Ȼɭɯɚɪɟɫɬɚ ɫɨɨɛɳɢɥɢ ɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɦ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶɢɜ Ɋɭɫɫɟ» [11]. ©ȼɩɪɨɲɟɞɲɭɸɫɭɛɛɨɬɭ 13 ɞɟɤɚɛɪɹ, ɜ 5 ɱ. 7 ɦ. ɩɨɩɨɥɭɞɧɢɜ Ʉɢɲɢɧɺɜɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨɫɢɥɶɧɨɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɟɟɫɹɧɟɦɟɧɟɟ 3 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ. Ƚɥɚɜɧɨɦɭɭɞɚɪɭ ɩɪɟɞɲɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɢɬɪɢ, ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɜɲɢɯɨɞɧɨɡɚɞɪɭɝɢɦ, ɥɺɝɤɢɯɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ, ɡɚɬɟɦɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɥ ɭɞɚɪ, ɞɨ ɬɨɝɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɣ, ɱɬɨ ɜɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɞɨɦɚɯ ɩɨɹɜɢɥɢɫɶ ɬɪɟɳɢɧɵ, ɜ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɪɚɡɜɚɥɢɥɢɫɶɬɪɭɛɵɢɩɟɱɤɢ, ɦɟɛɟɥɶɜɞɨɦɚɯ, ɩɨɫɭɞɚɢɞɪɭɝɢɟɜɟɳɢɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɥɢɲɭɦɢ ɬɪɟɫɤ, ɡɚɫɬɚɜɢɜɲɢɟɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɠɢɥɶɰɨɜɜɵɛɟɠɚɬɶɢɡɤɨɦɧɚɬ. Ɂɚɞɟɧɶɩɟɪɟɞɷɬɢɦ 11 (23) ɱɢɫɥɚɥɺɝɤɢɣɭɞɚɪɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɫɹɜ 10 ɱ. 50 ɦ. ɭɬɪɚ.» [21] «13 (25) ɞɟɤɚɛɪɹɜ 5 ɱ. 12 ɦ. ɩɨɩɨɥɭɞɧɢɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɥɨɜ Ɉɞɟɫɫɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɲɟɞɲɟɟɫɘɘɁ. ɋɭɞɹɩɨɬɟɦɹɜɥɟɧɢɹɦ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɭɞɚɥɨɫɶ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɬɶ, ɟɝɨɫɥɟɞɭɟɬɩɪɢɱɢɫɥɢɬɶɤɫɪɟɞɧɢɦɩɨɧɚɩɪɹɠɺɧɧɨɫɬɢ. Ɉɧɨɫɨɫɬɨɹɥɨɢɡ ɞɜɭɯɭɞɚɪɨɜɢɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶ 10 ɫ. ȼɪɚɡɧɵɯɱɚɫɬɹɯɝɨɪɨɞɚ, ɞɚɠɟɜɪɚɡɧɵɯɷɬɚɠɚɯ, ɨɧɨ ɩɪɨɹɜɢɥɨɫɶ ɫ ɧɟɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɥɨɣ; ɦɧɨɝɢɟ ɞɨɦɚ ɞɚɥɢ ɬɪɟɳɢɧɵ, ɚ ɩɪɟɠɧɢɟ ɬɪɟɳɢɧɵɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɥɢɫɶ, ɜɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɞɨɦɚɯɩɚɞɚɥɢɫɨɫɬɟɧɤɚɪɬɢɧɵ, ɡɟɪɤɚɥɚɢɬɩ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɈɞɟɫɫɵɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶɩɨɱɬɢɜɬɨɠɟɫɚɦɨɟɜɪɟɦɹɜȻɟɫɫɚɪɚɛɢɢɢ Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɢ, ɝɞɟ ɨɧɨ ɪɚɡɪɚɡɢɥɨɫɶ ɫ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɫɢɥɨɣ. Ɉɞɟɫɫɚ ɛɵɥɚ, ɩɨɜɢɞɢɦɨɦɭ, ɤɪɚɣɧɢɦɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɵɦɩɭɧɤɬɨɦɩɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ, ɬɚɤɤɚɤɢɡɞɪɭɝɢɯɦɟɫɬɬɨɝɨɤɪɚɹ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɇɢɤɨɥɚɟɜ, ɏɟɪɫɨɧɢɞɪ. ɧɟɛɵɥɨɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɨɧɢɤɚɤɢɯɢɡɜɟɫɬɢɣɨɧɺɦ.» [14] ©ɇɚɛɭɥɶɜɚɪɟ Ɉɞɟɫɫɵɜɨɜɫɟɯɞɨɦɚɯɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɩɪɨɹɜɢɥɨɫɶɨɱɟɧɶɫɢɥɶɧɨ. ɀɢɥɶɰɵ ɢɫɩɭɝɚɥɢɫɶ, ɜɵɲɥɢ ɜɨ ɞɜɨɪ. Ɂɞɚɧɢɟ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ ɞɚɥɨ ɬɪɟɳɢɧɭ. Ⱦɜɢɝɚɥɢɫɶɤɭɲɟɬɤɢɢɫɬɭɥɶɹ.» [22]

Ɋɢɫ. 2. Ʉɚɪɬɚɢɡɨɫɟɣɫɬɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 25 ɞɟɤɚɛɪɹ 1880 ɝ.

66 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ȼɤɚɬɚɥɨɝɟɎɭɤɫɚ [23] ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɵɩɭɧɤɬɵ Ɍɢɪɚɫɩɨɥɶ, Ȼɟɥɶɰɵ, Ȼɚɥɬɚ ɢ Ɇɨɥɨɤɢɲɢ, ɜɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ 25 12 1880 ɝ. ɇɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɺɧɧɵɯ ɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɚ ɤɚɪɬɚ ɢɡɨɫɟɣɫɬɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 25 ɞɟɤɚɛɪɹ 1880 ɝɨɞɚ (ɪɢɫ. 2).

Ɇɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɞɚɧɧɵɟɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɢ 17 ɚɜɝɭɫɬɚ 1893 ɝ. «1893 ɝ., ɚɜɝɭɫɬ 17 (5), 16 ɱ. 20 ɦ. ɋɢɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶɧɚɛɨɥɶɲɨɣɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ: ɜɊɭɦɵɧɢɢ, Ɍɪɚɧɫɢɥɶɜɚɧɢɢ, Ȼɟɫɫɚɪɚɛɢɢɢɧɚ ɸɝɟɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ. ɗɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɟɝɨ, ɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɨ, ɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɫɹɜɊɭɦɵɧɢɢ, ɜɪɚɣɨɧɟȼɪɚɧɱɚ. ɇɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɢɟɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɹɛɵɥɢɜ əɫɫɚɯ, Ȼɭɯɚɪɟɫɬɟ, Ȼɵɪɥɚɞɟ, ȼɚɫɥɭɟ, Ȼɚɥɱɢɤɟ ɢ Ƚɭɬɢɧɟ (Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɹ), ɂɡɦɚɢɥɟ, Ʉɢɲɢɧɺɜɟ, Ɍɚɪɚɤɥɢɢ, ɉɟɬɪɨɜɤɟ (Ɉɞ. ɨɛɥ.) ȼ Ɉɞɟɫɫɟ ɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶɬɪɢɬɨɥɱɤɚ. ɋɚɦɵɣɫɢɥɶɧɵɣɛɵɥɜɬɨɪɨɣ. ɇɚɢɛɨɥɟɟɫɢɥɶɧɵɦɢɨɧɢɛɵɥɢɧɚ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɯ ɷɬɚɠɚɯ, ɧɨ ɧɢɤɚɤɢɯ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɢɥɢ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶ ɬɚɤɠɟɜ Ⱥɧɚɧɶɟɜɟ, əɦɩɨɥɟ, ɋɨɪɨɤɚɯ, Ʉɚɥɚɪɚɲɟ, ɇɢɤɨɥɚɟɜɟ, Ɇɢɯɚɣɥɨɜɟ, Ɂɜɟɧɢɝɨɪɨɞɤɟ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɧɟ ɜɵɲɥɨ ɡɚ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɏɟɪɫɨɧɫɤɨɣ ɝɭɛɟɪɧɢɢ, ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨ ɫɥɚɛɟɹɤɫɟɜɟɪɨɜɨɫɬɨɤɭɨɬɈɞɟɫɫɵ.» [15] «1893, ɚɜɝɭɫɬ 17, 16 ɱ. 20 ɦ. ɋɚɦɨɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɝɨɞɚ, ɨɳɭɬɢɦɨɟɧɚ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ, ɨɯɜɚɬɵɜɚɸɳɟɣ Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɸ (ɤɪɨɦɟ Ɇɚɤɟɞɨɧɢɢ ɢ Ⱦɨɪɨɯɨɣ), ɸɠɧɭɸ Ɍɪɚɧɫɢɥɶɜɚɧɢɸ, ɫɟɜɟɪɧɭɸ Ȼɨɥɝɚɪɢɸ, Ȼɟɫɫɚɪɚɛɢɸ, ɉɨɞɨɥɢɸ, ɏɟɪɫɨɧɫɤɭɸ ɝɭɛɟɪɧɢɸɢɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɧɭɸɱɚɫɬɶɄɢɟɜɫɤɨɣɝɭɛɟɪɧɢɢ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɨ ɜ ɢɡɝɢɛɟ Ʉɚɪɩɚɬ. Ȼɟɡ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ. ȼɟɪɨɹɬɧɵɣ ɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪ ij = 45º 45', Ȝ = 26º 30'.» [16] «17 ɚɜɝ., 16 ɱ. 20 ɦ. ɁɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɫɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɵɦɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɨɦɧɚɸɝɟɆɨɥɞɨɜɵ ɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶɢɜȾɨɛɪɭɞɠɟ: ɜ Ɍɭɥɱɟ 6, ɋɭɥɢɧɟ 3-4, Ʉɨɧɫɬɚɧɰɟ, ɫɥɚɛɨ; ɡɚɬɟɦɜɭɟɡɞɟ Ⱦɭɪɨɫɬɨɪɜ: Ⱥɤɚɞɵɧɥɚɪɟ, ɄɚɣɧɚɪɠɭɚɆɚɪɟ, ɋɢɥɢɫɬɪɟ, ɋɚɬɭȼɟɤɸ, Ɍɭɪɬɭɱɟ.» [20] «1893, ɚɜɝɭɫɬ, 17, 15 ɱ. 43 ɦ. ɗɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɡɨɧɚ ɒɟɩɲɢɫɟɧɬɞɶɨɪɞɶ, ij = 25° 48', Ȝ = 45° 53'.» [18] ©Ʉɢɲɢɧɺɜ. 2 ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ – ɩɟɪɜɵɣɜɨɥɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɝɨɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ, ɜɬɨɪɨɣ – ɬɨɥɱɤɨɜɨɟ, ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɜɲɟɟɫɹɧɟɨɛɵɤɧɨɜɟɧɧɵɦɝɪɨɯɨɬɨɦ. ɉɪɢɱɢɧɢɥɨɦɧɨɝɨɛɟɞɢɭɛɵɬɤɨɜ. ȼɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɦɟɫɬɚɯ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɵ ɠɢɥɢɳɚ, ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɵ ɫɬɟɧɵ ɢ ɞɵɦɨɜɵɟ ɬɪɭɛɵ, ɦɧɨɝɢɟ ɞɨɦɚɩɨɥɭɱɢɥɢ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɬɪɟɳɢɧɵ. Ɉɫɟɥɚɩɨɱɜɚɩɨɞ ɩɨɞɜɚɥɶɧɵɦɢɷɬɚɠɚɦɢ. ȼ ɫɤɥɚɞɟ ɂ. Ʉɚɭɲɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɥɟɬɟɥɢ ɫ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɩɨɥɤɢ ɤɨɪɨɛɤɢ, ɫɨɪɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɝɪɨɦɚɞɧɚɹ ɥɚɦɩɚ, ɜɢɫɟɜɲɚɹ ɭ ɜɯɨɞɚ ɜ ɦɚɝɚɡɢɧ. ȼ ɚɩɬɟɤɟ Ƚ. Ʉɚɪɮɭɧɤɟɥɹ ɫɥɟɬɟɥɢ ɢ ɪɚɡɛɢɥɢɫɶ ɝɢɩɫɨɜɵɟɮɢɝɭɪɵ, ɪɚɫɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɟɧɚɲɤɚɮɚɯ. ȼ Ɉɞɟɫɫɟ ɢ ɨɤɪɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɹɯ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ (3 ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ). ɇɚɢɛɨɥɟɟɫɢɥɶɧɨɟɢɡɧɢɯɩɪɨɹɜɢɥɨɫɶɜɟɫɶɦɚɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɜɨɦɧɨɝɢɯɦɟɫɬɚɯ, ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɜɜɟɪɯɧɢɯɷɬɚɠɚɯ. ȼɅɨɧɞɨɧɫɤɨɣɝɨɫɬɢɧɢɰɟɨɞɢɧɢɡɠɢɥɶɰɨɜɭɩɚɥɫɩɨɫɬɟɥɢ, ɜɚɩɬɟɤɟɧɚȻɨɥɶɲɨɣȺɪɧɚɭɬɫɤɨɣɭɥ. ɭɩɚɥɨɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɫɤɥɹɧɨɤ ɫɩɨɥɨɤ. ɉɨɜɢɞɢɦɨɦɭ, ɧɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɚɹɫɢɥɚɭɞɚɪɚɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɚɫɶɜɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɹɯ, ɥɟɠɚɳɢɯɛɥɢɠɟɤɦɨɪɸ. ɑɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɪɟɥɶɟɮɧɨ ɜ Ʉɭɪɢɫɨɜɨɉɨɤɪɨɜɫɤɨɦ, ɜ ɋɟɜɟɪɢɧɨɜɤɟ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯɦɟɫɬɚɯɈɞɟɫɫɤɨɝɨɭɟɡɞɚ.» [24] ©ɋɟɜɟɪɢɧɨɜɤɚ. ȼ 16 ɱ. 41 ɦ. ɛɵɥɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ; ɬɨɥɱɨɤɛɵɥɨɞɢɧ; ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɟɝɨ – ɫɫɟɜɟɪɚɧɚɸɝ. ɌɪɨɢɰɤɨɟɧɚȾɧɟɫɬɪɟ. ȼ 16 ɱ. ɛɵɥɨ ɬɨɥɱɤɨɜɨɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɟɟɫɹ 5 ɢɥɢ 6 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ.

67 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

Ɇɚɹɤɢ. Ɉɤɨɥɨ 17 ɱ. ɡɚɦɟɱɟɧɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɱɜɵ. Ɇɧɨɝɢɟ, ɛɵɜɲɢɟ ɭ ɫɟɛɹ ɞɨɦɚ, ɡɚɦɟɬɢɥɢ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. Ɍɚɤ, ɩɨɱɬɨɜɨɬɟɥɟɝɪɚɮɧɵɣ ɱɢɧɨɜɧɢɤ, ɫɢɞɹ ɧɚ ɩɨɞɨɤɨɧɧɢɤɟ, ɩɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥ, ɱɬɨɟɝɨɫɥɟɝɤɚɲɟɜɟɥɶɧɭɥɨ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤɩɨɞɨɤɨɧɧɢɤɡɚɞɪɨɠɚɥ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɡɚɦɟɬɧɨ. ȼ ɷɬɨ ɠɟ ɫɚɦɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɢɤ ɩɨɱɬɨɜɨɬɟɥɟɝɪɚɮɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɜɢɞɟɥ, ɱɬɨɤɢɫɬɢɨɤɨɥɨɨɤɨɧɧɵɯɡɚɧɚɜɟɫɟɣɩɨɤɚɱɧɭɥɢɫɶ. ȼɡɞɚɧɢɢɭɱɢɥɢɳɚɡɚɦɟɱɟɧɨ ɛɵɥɨ, ɱɬɨɞɜɟɪɶɜɤɥɚɫɫɟ, ɝɞɟɧɢɤɨɝɨɧɟɛɵɥɨ, ɫɚɦɚɫɨɛɨɸɧɚɱɚɥɚɨɬɜɨɪɹɬɶɫɹ. Ʉɚɤ ɦɨɠɧɨɡɚɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɢɡɪɚɫɫɤɚɡɨɜ, ɛɵɥɥɢɲɶɨɞɢɧɜɟɫɶɦɚɫɥɚɛɵɣɬɨɥɱɨɤ. ɇɢɤɨɥɚɟɜ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɜ 16 ɱ. 47 ɦ. ȿɥɢɫɚɜɟɬɝɪɚɞ.Ɉɤɨɥɨ 16 ɱ. 30 ɦ. ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɨɫɶɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɢɜɲɟɟɫɹ ɬɪɟɦɹ ɬɨɥɱɤɚɦɢ, ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɜɲɢɦɢ ɨɞɢɧ ɡɚ ɞɪɭɝɢɦ ɜ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɨɤɨɥɨ 2-ɯ ɫɟɤɭɧɞ. ɇɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɨɫɶɫɨɞɪɨɝɚɧɢɟɩɨɱɜɵ, ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟɦɟɛɟɥɢ, ɜɨɥɧɟɧɢɟɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɟɣɜɫɨɫɭɞɚɯɢ ɜɨɞɵɜɩɪɭɞɚɯ, ɦɟɫɬɚɦɢɫɥɵɲɚɥɫɹɝɪɨɯɨɬ, ɤɚɤɛɵɨɬɩɪɨɟɡɞɚɷɤɢɩɚɠɚ. ɇɚɫɬ. ɸɝɨɡɚɩ. ɠ. ɞ. – Ɂɜɟɧɢɝɨɪɨɞɤɚ, ɩɨ ɤɚɱɚɧɢɸ ɜɢɫɟɜɲɟɣ ɥɚɦɩɵ, ɛɵɥɨ ɡɚɦɟɱɟɧɨɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɬɨɥɱɤɨɜɫɟɜɟɪɨɜɨɫɬɨɤ – ɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞ. əɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɨɫɶ ɜ ɫ. ɂɜɚɧɨɜɤɟ Ⱥɤɢɦɨɜɫɤɨɣ ɜɨɥɨɫɬɢ. ɇɚ ɯɭɬɨɪɟ ɏɚɣɧɨɜɤɟɄɨɦɩɚɧɟɟɜɫɤɨɣɜɨɥɨɫɬɢ, ɜɦɟɫɬɟɱɤɟ Ɋɨɜɧɨɦɢɜɫ. ɋɨɮɢɟɜɤɟ. Ɇɢɯɚɣɥɨɜɤɚ (ɀɭɤɨɜɨ). ȼ 16 ɱ. 55 ɦ. ɛɵɥɨ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ; ɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɞɜɚɬɨɥɱɤɚ. ɇɨɜɨȺɪɯɚɧɝɟɥɶɫɤ. Ɉɤɨɥɨ 16½ ɱ. ɛɵɥɨ ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɩɨɱɜɵ. ȼɨɡɧɟɫɟɧɫɤ. ȼ 16 ɱ. 20 ɦ. ɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟɡɟɦɥɢɫɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɤɚɧɚ ɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɟɟɫɹ 3 – 4 ɫɟɤɭɧɞɵ; ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟɛɵɥɨɥɺɝɤɨɟ. Ⱥɧɚɧɶɟɜ. ȼ 16 ɱ. 35 ɦ. ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɨɫɢɥɶɧɨɟɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟɩɨɱɜɵ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɟɟɫɹ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɟɤɭɧɞ (4 – 5) ɫ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɢɦ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɤɨɦ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɟɝɨ ɬɨɥɱɤɚɦɢ, ɩɨɱɬɢɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɨɣɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɵ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɷɬɨɧɨɫɢɥɨɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɜɨɥɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɡɟɦɧɨɣɤɨɪɵɢɢɦɟɥɨɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɫɜɨɫɬɨɤɚ (ɢɥɢɜɟɪɧɟɟ – ɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɤɚ) ɧɚ ɡɚɩɚɞ. ɋɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɜ ɨɛɳɟɦ, ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɟ, ɨɬɥɢɱɚɥɨɫɶ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɸ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɜ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɹɯ ɝɨɪɨɞɚ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɬɟɥɢ ɭɜɟɪɹɸɬ, ɱɬɨɫɥɵɲɟɧɛɵɥɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɣɝɭɥ. Ƚɥɢɤɫɬɚɥɶ. ȼ 16 ɱ. 33 ɦ. ɛɵɥɨɡɚɦɟɱɟɧɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɩɨɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸɨɬ ɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞɚɤɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɤɭ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɟɟɫɹɨɤɨɥɨ 3 ɫɟɤɭɧɞɢɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɜɲɟɟɫɹ ɲɭɦɨɦ, ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɦɵɦ ɤɚɤ ɛɵ ɛɥɢɡɤɨ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɹɳɢɦ ɩɚɪɨɜɨɡɨɦ. Ɉɤɧɚ ɢ ɞɜɟɪɢ ɡɚɞɪɨɠɚɥɢ. Ƚɨɮɧɭɫɬɚɥɶ. Ɉɤɨɥɨ 17 ɱ. ɩɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɢɫɶɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɟɭɞɚɪɵ, ɬɟ. ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɟɟɫɹɧɟɞɨɥɟɟ 3 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ. Ƚɥɢɧɧɨɟ. ȼ 16 ɱ. 45 ɦ. ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɨɫɶɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. ɉɨɫɥɵɲɚɥɫɹɫɢɥɶɧɵɣɝɭɥ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɹ ɩɪɢɧɹɥ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɚ ɝɭɥ, ɩɪɨɢɫɲɟɞɲɢɣ ɨɬ ɬɨɩɨɬɚ ɥɨɲɚɞɟɣ. Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɝɭɥɪɚɡɞɚɜɚɥɫɹɢɡɩɨɞ ɩɨɥɚɤɨɦɧɚɬɵ. ə ɡɚɦɟɬɢɥ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟ ɫɬɟɧ ɤɨɦɧɚɬɵ. ȼɫɟ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ, ɧɚɯɨɞɢɜɲɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɦɧɚɬɟ, ɞɜɢɝɚɥɢɫɶ ɢ ɢɡɞɚɜɚɥɢ ɡɜɭɤ, ɭɞɚɪɹɹɫɶɨɞɢɧɨɞɪɭɝɨɣ. Ⱦɜɟɪɰɵɲɤɚɮɚɨɬɜɨɪɢɥɢɫɶɫɚɦɢɫɨɛɨɸ, ɥɚɦɩɚɞɤɚɭɢɤɨɧɵ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɥɚɫɶ, ɫ ɷɬɚɠɟɪɤɢ ɫɜɚɥɢɥɨɫɶ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɟɬɫɤɢɯ ɢɝɪɭɲɟɤ. Ʉɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɵɢɝɭɥɬɚɤɩɨɪɚɡɢɥɢɦɟɧɹ, ɱɬɨɹɜɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɜ, ɱɬɨɜɚɥɢɬɫɹɞɨɦ, ɜɵɛɟɠɚɥɜɨɞɜɨɪ. ȼɨɞɧɨɣɢɡɤɨɦɧɚɬɦɨɟɝɨɞɨɦɚɧɚɩɨɥɭɥɟɠɚɥɚɛɨɥɶɧɚɹɫɬɚɪɭɯɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹɡɚɦɟɬɢɥɚ, ɱɬɨ ɞɨɫɤɢ ɩɨɥɚ ɩɨɞ ɧɟɸ ɫɢɥɶɧɨ ɬɨɥɤɧɭɥɨ ɞɜɚ ɪɚɡɚ ɩɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɨɬ ɫɟɜɟɪɨ- ɡɚɩɚɞɚ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶ 5 – 8 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ. Ƚɥɢɧɧɨɟ. ɉɟɪɟɞ ɜɟɱɟɪɨɦ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɚɦɟɱɟɧɨ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. ɇɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɤɪɟɫɬɶɹɧɟ, ɫɢɞɹ ɜ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɫɚɞɚɯ, ɭɫɥɵɲɚɥɢ ɭɞɚɪ, ɛɭɞɬɨ ɤɬɨ ɫɬɪɟɥɹɥ ɢɡ ɩɭɲɟɤ. Ⱦɪɭɝɨɣ ɭɞɚɪ ɛɵɥ

68 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɫɢɥɶɧɟɟ ɩɪɟɠɧɟɝɨ; ɤɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɡɚɦɟɬɢɥɢ ɤɚɱɚɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɞɟɪɟɜɶɹ. Ⱦɪɭɝɨɣ ɤɪɟɫɬɶɹɧɢɧɜɷɬɨɜɪɟɦɹɤɭɩɚɥɫɹɜɪɟɱɤɟɢɡɚɦɟɬɢɥ, ɱɬɨɜɨɞɚɨɬɨɲɥɚɨɬɛɟɪɟɝɚɧɚɚɪɲɢɧ ɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ, ɚ ɩɨɬɨɦ ɩɨɥɢɥɚɫɶ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɢɦɟɥɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɬɫɟɜɟɪɨɜɨɫɬɨɤɚɤɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɭ. Ɍɨɤɦɚɡɟɹ. Ȼɵɥɨɫɥɚɛɨɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. Ɂɚɯɚɪɶɟɜɤɚ.ȼ 16 ɱ. 35 ɦ. ɛɵɥɫɥɵɲɟɧɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɣɝɭɥ, ɩɨɫɥɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨɱɟɪɟɡ 3 ɫ. ɛɵɥɨ ɜɨɥɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ; ɜɨɥɧ ɹɫɧɨ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɦɵɯ ɛɵɥɨ 4. ɇɢɤɚɤɢɯ ɧɟɫɱɚɫɬɢɣɧɟɛɵɥɨ. Ʉɚɪɞɚɦɢɱɟɜɤɚ.ȼ 16 ɱ. 30 ɦ. ɛɵɥɨɨɳɭɳɚɟɦɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ; ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟ ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɥɨɜɞɜɚɩɪɢɫɬɭɩɚ, ɫɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɤɨɦɜɨɞɧɭɬɟɪɰɢɸɫɟɤɭɧɞɵ, ɩɟɪɜɨɟɛɵɥɨ ɫɥɚɛɟɟ, ɜɬɨɪɨɟ ɫɢɥɶɧɟɟ. ə ɩɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɥɚ ɩɨɞ ɧɨɝɚɦɢ, ɞɜɟɪɢ ɨɬɜɨɪɢɥɢɫɶ, ɧɚɱɟɪɞɚɤɟɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟ, ɤɚɤ ɛɭɞɬɨɩɨɩɨɬɨɥɤɭɯɨɞɢɬɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ; ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤ, ɧɚɯɨɞɢɜɲɢɣɫɹ ɜ ɩɨɝɪɟɛɟ, ɜɵɪɨɧɢɥ ɢɡ ɪɭɤ ɦɚɫɥɨɛɨɣɤɭ; ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɧɚ ɝɚɪɦɚɧɟ, ɫɬɨɹɜɲɢɯ ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɩɨɞɥɟ ɩɪɢɤɚɡɱɢɤɚ, ɩɨɥɭɱɢɥɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɵɟ ɬɨɥɱɤɢ, ɢɦɤɚɡɚɥɨɫɶ, ɱɬɨɢɯɤɬɨɧɢɛɭɞɶɬɨɥɤɚɟɬ, – ɡɟɦɥɹɩɨɞɧɨɝɚɦɢɤɨɥɟɛɚɥɚɫɶ. Ɍɪɭɞɨɦɢɪɨɜɤɚ.ɑɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɨɫɶɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ: ɫɩɟɪɜɚɛɵɥɫɥɵɲɟɧɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɣ ɝɭɥ ɢ ɬɨɥɱɨɤ, ɫɩɭɫɬɹ ɫɟɤɭɧɞɭ, ɩɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɜɨɥɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟ. ɑɚɫɵ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɥɢɫɶɧɚ 16 ɱ. 25 ɦ. Ȼɨɥɝɪɚɞ.ȼ 16 ɱ. 21 ɦ. ɛɵɥɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɫɞɜɭɦɹɫɢɥɶɧɵɦɢɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɦɢ ɭɞɚɪɚɦɢ. Ʉɚɣɪɚɤɥɢɹ. ȼ 16 ɱ. 35 ɦ. ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɨ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɨɳɭɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. ȼɞɪɭɝ ɫɥɵɲɭ ɝɥɭɯɨɣ ɝɭɥ, ɤɚɤ ɛɵ ɨɬ ɪɚɫɤɚɬɨɜ ɨɬɞɚɥɺɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɪɨɦɚ, ɢ ɜ ɬɨ ɠɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɭɸ, ɱɬɨɫɨɮɚ, ɧɚɤɨɬɨɪɨɣɹɫɢɞɟɥ, ɢɜɫɹɤɨɦɧɚɬɚɞɪɨɠɚɬ, ɢɥɢ, ɬɨɱɧɟɟɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ, ɞɪɟɛɟɡɠɚɬ ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɨ. ɀɟɧɚ ɦɨɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɫɢɞɟɥɚ ɧɚ ɫɬɭɥɟ ɭ ɨɤɧɚ ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɠɟ ɤɨɦɧɚɬɟ, ɜɬɭɠɟɦɢɧɭɬɭɫɤɚɡɚɥɚ: ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. əɩɨɞɧɹɥɫɹɧɚɧɨɝɢ. ȼɷɬɨɬɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɨɛɚɦɵɩɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɢ, ɱɬɨɩɨɱɜɚɩɨɞɧɚɦɢɤɨɥɟɛɥɟɬɫɹ. ɉɨɥɢɫɬɟɧɵɧɚɲɟɣɤɨɦɧɚɬɵ ɩɪɢɲɥɢ ɜ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟ: ɨɬɱɺɬɥɢɜɨ ɜɢɞɧɨ ɛɵɥɨ, ɤɚɤ ɨɧɢ ɩɨɞɧɢɦɚɥɢɫɶ ɢ ɨɩɭɫɤɚɥɢɫɶ, ɢɡɞɚɜɚɹɩɪɢɷɬɨɦɬɪɟɫɤ. ɋɩɨɬɨɥɤɚɢɫɬɟɧɩɨɫɵɩɚɥɚɫɶɲɬɭɤɚɬɭɪɤɚɧɚɩɨɥ. Ʌɚɦɩɚɞɚ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɡɚɤɚɱɚɥɚɫɶ. Ʉɚɡɚɥɨɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɫɬɟɧɵ ɪɚɡɥɨɦɚɸɬɫɹ ɢ ɭɩɚɞɭɬ. Ɇɵ ɩɨɫɩɟɲɢɥɢɜɵɣɬɢɜɨɞɜɨɪ. Ʉɨɝɞɚɦɢɧɭɬɵɱɟɪɟɡɞɜɟɹɜɨɲɺɥɜɤɨɦɧɚɬɭ, ɬɨɥɚɦɩɚɞɚ ɟɳɺ ɤɚɱɚɥɚɫɶ. ȼɧɚɱɚɥɟ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɱɜɵ ɛɵɥɨ ɞɪɟɛɟɡɠɚɳɟɟ ɫ ɝɥɭɯɢɦ ɝɭɥɨɦ, ɩɨɞ ɤɨɧɟɰɠɟɩɨɱɜɚɤɨɥɟɛɚɥɚɫɶɜɨɥɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɢɬɢɯɨ. ɇɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ – ɫɸɝɚɧɚ ɫɟɜɟɪ. ȼɫɟɥɟɦɧɨɝɢɟɠɢɬɟɥɢɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɢɢɡɚɦɟɬɢɥɢɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟɩɨɱɜɵ. Ʉɨɧɝɚɡ. ȼ 16 ɱ. 35 ɦ. ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɫɡɚɩɚɞɚɧɚɜɨɫɬɨɤ, ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɟ, ɜɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɫɟɤɭɧɞ. Ⱦɜɢɠɟɧɢɟɜɨɥɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɟ, ɱɬɨɦɧɨɸɛɵɥɨɡɚɦɟɱɟɧɨɩɨ ɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɸɡɞɚɧɢɹ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɥɨɫɶɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɦɝɭɥɨɦ. ɇɨɜɨɉɨɤɪɨɜɤɚ. ȼ 16 ɱ. 30 ɦ. ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨɫɢɥɶɧɨɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ; ɜɫɟɯɬɨɥɱɤɨɜ ɨɤɨɥɨ 8; ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɫɫɟɜɟɪɨɜɨɫɬɨɤɚɧɚɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞ. Ɍɚɪɚɤɥɢɹɞɟɋɚɥɱɶ.ȼ 16 ɱ. 30 ɦ. ɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɨɫɶɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟɡɟɦɥɢ. Ȼɵɥɨɞɜɚ ɭɞɚɪɚ; ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɛɵɥ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ, ɜɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɞɨɦɚɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɧɟɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɬɪɟɳɢɧɵɜɫɬɟɧɚɯ. ɗɬɭɥɢɹ.ȼ 16 ɱ. 35 ɦ. ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɨɫɶɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. ɉɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɥɵɲɟɧ ɛɵɥ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɣ ɝɭɥ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɢɣɫɹ, ɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ, 30 – 40 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɢ ɩɪɨɧɺɫɲɢɣɫɹ ɫ ɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɤɚ ɧɚ ɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞ. ɇɟ ɭɫɩɟɥ ɟɳɺ ɩɪɟɤɪɚɬɢɬɶɫɹ ɝɭɥ, ɤɚɤ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɥ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɬɨɥɱɨɤ, ɨɬ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɭɱɢɥɢɳɧɨɟ ɡɞɚɧɢɟ, ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɟ, ɡɚɬɪɟɳɚɥɨ, ɤɥɚɫɫɧɚɹɞɨɫɤɚɢɲɤɚɮɜɤɥɚɫɫɧɨɣɤɨɦɧɚɬɟɫɢɥɶɧɨɤɚɱɧɭɥɢɫɶ; ɫɬɨɥɢɫɬɭɥ ɡɚɛɢɥɢɬɪɟɥɶɩɨɩɨɥɭ. ɉɨɫɥɟɩɟɪɜɨɝɨɬɨɥɱɤɚɝɭɥɩɪɟɤɪɚɬɢɥɫɹɢɬɨɥɱɤɨɜɧɟ

69 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɨɫɶ ɫɟɤɭɧɞ 4 – 5; ɜɫɥɟɞɡɚɷɬɢɦ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɤɨɦɜɪɟɦɟɧɢɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɥɢɛɵɫɬɪɨ ɨɞɢɧɡɚɞɪɭɝɢɦɟɳɺ 4 ɬɨɥɱɤɚ, ɢɡɤɨɢɯɩɟɪɜɵɣɛɵɥɫɢɥɶɧɟɟɞɚɠɟɩɟɪɜɨɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ; ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟɠɟɬɨɥɱɤɢɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨɨɫɥɚɛɥɹɥɢɫɶ, ɬɚɤɱɬɨɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɣɛɵɥɟɞɜɚɡɚɦɟɬɟɧ. Ȼɪɵɧɡɚ. ȼ 16 ɱ. 20 ɦ. ɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ; ɧɚɱɚɥɨɫɶ ɨɧɨɫɢɥɶɧɵɦɝɭɥɨɦ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɢɦɫɹɨɤɨɥɨɬɪɺɯɦɢɧɭɬ; ɩɨɫɥɟɝɭɥɚɩɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɧɚɤɨɧɟɰ, ɫɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɬɨɥɱɨɤ, ɨɬ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɨɥɨɤ ɢ ɫɬɟɧɵ ɡɚɬɪɟɳɚɥɢ, ɚ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɟɫɹɜɤɨɦɧɚɬɟɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵɡɚɲɚɬɚɥɢɫɶ, ɩɨɫɥɟɬɨɥɱɤɚɨɩɹɬɶɛɵɥɨɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟ, ɚ ɩɨɫɥɟɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɝɭɥ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɢɣɫɹɬɨɠɟɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨɞɨɥɝɨ. Ɍɪɨɹɧɨɜȼɚɥ (ɫɬ. ɸ.-ɡ. ɠ. ɞ.). ȼ 16 ɱ. 45 ɦ. ɡɚɦɟɱɟɧɨɛɵɥɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. ɉɪɟɠɞɟɜɫɟɝɨ ɫɥɵɲɟɧɛɵɥɭɞɚɪɧɚɩɨɞɨɛɢɟɝɪɨɦɨɜɨɝɨɧɚɞɚɥɺɤɨɦɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɢɧɚ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɟ ɡɚɩɚɞ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɫɥɚɛɨɟ ɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ; ɡɚɬɟɦ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ; ɞɟɪɟɜɹɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɣɤɢɬɪɟɳɚɥɢ, ɫɬɺɤɥɚɜɨɤɧɚɯɢɩɨɫɭɞɚɜɲɤɚɮɚɯɡɜɟɧɟɥɢ; ɢɧɚɤɨɧɟɰ, ɫɥɚɛɨɟ ɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɦɚɥɨɡɚɦɟɬɧɨɟ. ȼɫɺɷɬɨɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶ 1 ɦɢɧɭɬɭ. Ɏɟɪɲɚɦɩɟɧɭɚɡ I. ɇɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɨɫɶɫɢɥɶɧɨɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. Ɋɨɜɧɨɜ 5 ɱɚɫɨɜ ɜɟɱɟɪɚɡɚɲɭɦɟɥɚɞɜɟɪɶɜɦɨɟɣɤɨɦɧɚɬɟ. əɩɨɞɨɲɺɥɤɞɜɟɪɢɫɧɚɦɟɪɟɧɢɟɦɨɬɜɨɪɢɬɶ ɟɺ. ȼɞɪɭɝɪɚɡɞɚɥɫɹɜɬɨɪɨɣɭɞɚɪ. ȼɟɫɶɞɨɦɡɚɞɪɨɠɚɥɢɫɨɲɤɚɮɚɭɩɚɥɚɥɚɦɩɚ. Ȼɨɹɫɶ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɹɞɨɦɚ, ɜɵɛɟɠɚɥɢɜɨɞɜɨɪ, ɧɨɛɨɥɶɲɟɧɢɱɟɝɨɧɟɡɚɦɟɬɢɥɢ. Ɍɚɲɥɵɤ.ȼ 16 ɱ. 56 ɦ. ɛɵɥɨɫɢɥɶɧɨɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. ɋɚɪɚɬɚ. ȼ 17 ɱ. ɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɜɲɟɟɫɹɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɦɝɭɥɨɦɩɨɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸɨɬɫɟɜɟɪɚɤɸɝɭ. Ƚɨɥɢɰɚ. ɑɚɫɚɜ 4 ɜɟɱɟɪɚɹɩɨɥɭɥɟɠɚɥɧɚɤɪɨɜɚɬɢ, ɩɪɢɫɥɨɧɢɜɲɢɫɶɝɨɥɨɜɨɣ ɤ ɫɬɟɧɤɟ, ɤɨɝɞɚɩɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɥɺɝɤɢɣɫɬɭɤɝɨɥɨɜɨɣɨɫɬɟɧɭ; ɜɬɨɠɟɜɪɟɦɹɪɚɡɞɚɥɫɹ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɣ ɝɭɥ ɢ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɲɭɦ ɨɬ ɞɪɨɠɚɧɢɹ ɨɤɨɧ ɢ ɞɜɟɪɟɣ, ɩɪɢɱɺɦ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɥɢɫɶɧɚɫɬɟɠɶ. ɒɚɛɨ.ȼ 16 ɱ. 44 ɦ. ɡɚɦɟɱɟɧɨɛɵɥɨɥɺɝɤɨɟɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟɡɟɦɥɢ. ɉɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɥɨɞɜɚ ɧɟɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɭɞɚɪɚɜɫɟɤɭɧɞɧɵɣɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɤɜɪɟɦɟɧɢɨɞɢɧɡɚɞɪɭɝɢɦ. ɇɢɤɚɤɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɞɚɧɟɛɵɥɨ. ɍɞɚɪɵɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɥɢɫɸɝɚɧɚɫɟɜɟɪ. Ȼɚɲɤɚɥɢɹ. ȼ 16 ɱ. 35 ɦ. ɛɵɥɨɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟɩɨɱɜɵ, ɜɨɥɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɟ; ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɥɧɨɬɡɚɩɚɞɚɤɜɨɫɬɨɤɭ; ɛɨɥɟɟɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɛɵɥɬɪɟɬɢɣɬɨɥɱɨɤ. Ȼɟɧɞɟɪɵ.ȼ 16 ɱ. 45 ɦ. ɛɵɥɨɡɚɦɟɱɟɧɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. ɋɧɚɱɚɥɚɛɵɥɫɥɵɲɟɧ ɝɥɭɯɨɣ ɨɬɞɚɥɺɧɧɵɣɝɭɥ, ɡɚɧɢɦɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɥɨɥɺɝɤɨɟɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟɩɨɱɜɵ, ɩɨɯɨɠɟɟɧɚ ɪɚɫɤɚɱɢɜɚɧɢɟɥɨɞɤɢɧɚɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɢɯɜɨɥɧɚɯ. Ɂɚɷɬɢɦɩɨɱɜɚɤɚɤɛɵɩɪɢɲɥɚɜ ɫɩɨɤɨɣɧɨɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɦɝɧɨɜɟɧɢɣ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟ ɨɩɹɬɶ ɜɨɡɨɛɧɨɜɢɥɨɫɶɜɭɫɢɥɟɧɧɨɣɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ. əɜɥɟɧɢɟɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶɨɤɨɥɨɨɞɧɨɣɦɢɧɭɬɵ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɧɨɫɢɥɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ, ɧɨ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɱɤɨɜ, ɩɪɢɱɺɦ ɜɬɨɪɨɟ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɟɟ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ. ȼ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɢɡ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɯ ɞɨɦɨɜ ɧɚ ɜɨɤɡɚɥɟɥɨɩɧɭɥɚɫɬɟɧɚ, ɚɜɩɨɫɭɞɧɨɦɦɚɝɚɡɢɧɟɭɩɚɥɚɥɚɦɩɚɫɨɫɬɨɥɚɢɪɚɡɛɢɥɚɫɶ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɲɥɨɩɨɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸɨɬɸɝɚɤɫɟɜɟɪɭ. Ʉɢɪɸɬɧɹ. ȼ 16 ɱ. 44 ɦ. ɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɜɲɟɟɫɹɬɪɟɦɹɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɵɦɢɭɞɚɪɚɦɢ, ɢɡɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɣɛɵɥɫɢɥɶɧɟɟ ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭɳɢɯ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶɨɤɨɥɨ 40 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ. ȼɪɟɞɚɧɟɩɪɢɱɢɧɟɧɨ. Ʉɢɲɢɧɺɜ. ɍɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɣ ɩɢɜɨɜɚɪɟɧɧɵɦ ɡɚɜɨɞɨɦ «Ȼɚɜɚɪɢɹ» ɡɚɹɜɢɥ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɭɩɨɦɹɧɭɬɨɦ ɡɚɜɨɞɟ ɨɛɪɭɲɢɥɫɹ ɤɚɪɧɢɡ ɤɢɪɩɢɱɧɨɣ ɤɪɭɝɥɨɣ) ɩɚɪɨɜɨɣ ɢ ɞɵɦɨɜɨɣ ɬɪɭɛɵ ɨɬ ɫɨɥɨɞɨɫɭɲɢɥɤɢ, ɨɬɤɭɞɚ ɫɜɚɥɢɥɨɫɶ ɨɤɨɥɨ 100 ɤɢɪɩɢɱɟɣ, ɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɜɠɟɥɟɡɧɭɸɤɪɵɲɭ. ɇɚɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶ ɏɚɪɥɚɦɩɢɟɜɫɤɨɣ ɰɟɪɤɜɢ ɡɚɹɜɢɥ, ɱɬɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɦ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ ɨɤɚɡɚɥɢɫɶɬɪɟɳɢɧɵɧɚɩɟɪɟɦɵɱɤɚɯɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɨɤɨɧ.

70 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɇɚɱɚɥɶɧɢɤȻɟɫɫɚɪɚɛɫɤɨɝɨɋɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɈɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɫɨɨɛɳɢɥ, ɱɬɨɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ, ɜɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɹɯ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɵ ɜ ɩɟɪɟɦɵɱɤɚɯ ɨɤɨɧ ɢ ɞɜɟɪɟɣ ɧɟɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɬɪɟɳɢɧɵ ɢ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɠɟ ɬɪɟɳɢɧɵ ɜ ɲɬɭɤɚɬɭɪɤɟ ɜ ɩɨɞɞɭɝɚɯ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɬɨɥɤɚɯ. ȼ ɡɞɚɧɢɢ Ɉɤɪɭɠɧɨɝɨ ɫɭɞɚ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɵ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɟ ɤɚɪɧɢɡɵ ɜ ɡɚɥɟ ɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɵɯ ɡɚɫɟɞɚɧɢɣ. ɉɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɢ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟɛɵɜɲɟɝɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɜɰɟɪɤɜɢɫɟɥɚ ɉɟɬɪɨɜɤɢȻɟɧɞɟɪɫɤɨɝɨɭɟɡɞɚ. ȼ ɞɨɦɟ, ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɦ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɸ ɪɢɫɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɱɢɥɢɳɟ, ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɥɚɫɶɬɪɟɳɢɧɚɜɨɜɫɸɜɵɫɨɬɭɫɬɟɧɵ, ɲɢɪɢɧɨɸɜ 1/8 ɜɟɪɲɤɚ. ȼ ɫɟɥɟ Ȼɨɥɱɚɧ, ɪɚɜɧɨ ɤɚɤ ɢ ɜ ɨɤɪɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɹɯ, ɛɵɥɨ ɫɥɵɲɧɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɦɤɨɟɝɨɨɤɚɡɚɥɚɫɶɬɪɟɳɢɧɚɧɚɩɨɬɨɥɤɟɩɨɦɟɳɢɱɶɟɝɨɞɨɦɚ. ɑɨɪɟɲɬɵ. ȼ 16 ɱ. 35 ɦ. ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɨɫɶ ɜɨɥɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɟɟɫɹɨɤɨɥɨ 2 – 3 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ. Ɉɪɞɚɲɟɣ.ȼ 17 ɱ. 5 ɦ. ɛɵɥɨɡɚɦɟɱɟɧɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. ȼɬɨɜɪɟɦɹ, ɹ, ɫɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɥɢɰɚɦɢ, ɫɢɞɟɥɢ ɧɚ ɫɤɚɦɟɣɤɟ ɜ ɤɥɚɫɫɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɧɚɬɟ ɢ ɨ ɱɺɦɬɨ ɪɚɫɫɭɠɞɚɥɢ. Ɋɚɫɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɦɝɧɨɜɟɧɧɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɪɟɪɜɚɧɨ ɲɭɦɨɦ ɪɚɦ ɭ ɨɤɨɧ ɢ ɞɪ. ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɜ, ɜɢɫɟɜɲɢɯ ɧɚ ɫɬɟɧɚɯ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ, ɢ, ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ, ɫɤɪɢɩɤɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɫɢɥɶɧɟɟ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɜɝɭɞɟɥɚɧɚɫɬɟɧɟ. ȼɫɟɬɨɝɞɚɩɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɢɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟɫɤɚɦɟɣɤɢɢɩɨɥɚ. ȼ ɫɟɥɟɧɢɢɦɧɨɝɢɟɠɢɬɟɥɢɬɨɠɟɭɫɥɵɲɚɥɢɲɭɦɢɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ. ɑɢɧɟɲɟɭɰɵ. Ȼɵɥɨɡɚɦɟɬɧɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. ɋɢɞɹɜɤɨɦɧɚɬɟ, ɹɭɫɥɵɲɚɥɲɭɦ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣɩɪɢɧɹɥɛɵɥɨɜɧɚɱɚɥɟɡɚɲɭɦɛɭɪɢ. ɇɨɨɫɦɨɬɪɟɜɲɢɫɶ, ɹɭɛɟɞɢɥɫɹ, ɱɬɨ ɧɢɤɚɤɨɝɨɜɟɬɪɚɧɟɬ, ɚɞɢɜɚɧ, ɧɚɤɨɬɨɪɨɦɹɫɢɠɭ, ɤɨɥɟɛɥɟɬɫɹɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨɡɚɦɟɬɧɨ. ȼɷɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ, ɢɡɫɨɫɟɞɧɟɣɤɨɦɧɚɬɵɩɪɢɛɟɠɚɥɚɢɫɩɭɝɚɧɧɚɹɠɟɧɚɢɩɪɨɫɢɥɚɦɟɧɹɜɵɣɬɢɢɡ ɞɨɦɚɢɡɨɩɚɫɟɧɢɹ, ɱɬɨɛɵɨɧɧɟɪɚɡɪɭɲɢɥɫɹ, ɱɬɨɦɵɢɢɫɩɨɥɧɢɥɢ. ɋɨɪɨɤɢ.Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɢɦɟɥɨɦɟɫɬɨɨɤɨɥɨ 16 ɱ. 45 ɦ. ɩɨɩɨɥɭɞɧɢ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶ ɨɤɨɥɨ 45 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ. ɇɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ, ɤɚɤ ɤɚɡɚɥɨɫɶ, ɨɬ ɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞɚ ɤ ɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɤɭ. Ȼɚɥɬɚ. ɉɨɫɥɨɜɚɦɨɱɟɜɢɞɰɟɜ, ɨɤɨɥɨ 5 ɱɚɫɨɜɜɟɱɟɪɚɛɵɥɨɫɥɚɛɨɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɜɬɟɱɟɧɢɟɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯɫɟɤɭɧɞɜɝɝ. Ȼɚɥɬɟ ɢɍɦɚɧɢ. əɜɷɬɨɜɪɟɦɹɛɵɥ ɨɤɨɥɨ ɍɦɚɧɢ, ɧɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɧɟɨɳɭɳɚɥ. ɉɥɨɬɢ. ȼ 16 ɱ. 50 ɦ. ɛɵɥɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɟɟɫɹ 30 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ. Ƚɭɥ ɛɵɥɫɥɵɲɟɧɜɪɨɞɟɫɢɥɶɧɨɣɛɭɪɢɩɨɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸɫɡɚɩɚɞɚɧɚɜɨɫɬɨɤ. Ʉɚɦɟɧɤɚ. ȼ 16 ɱ. 45 ɦ. ɡɚɦɟɬɢɥɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɬɨɥɱɤɢɛɵɥɢɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɟ; ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɨɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɨɧɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɫ ɸɝɨɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɤɚ ɤ ɫɟɜɟɪɨɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞɭ, ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹɬɨɥɱɤɨɜɨɤɧɚɞɪɨɠɚɥɢɢɫɥɵɲɟɧɛɵɥɲɭɦ. Ʉɚɦɟɧɤɚ. əɥɟɠɚɥɧɚɞɢɜɚɧɟ, ɜɷɬɨɣɠɟɤɨɦɧɚɬɟɛɵɥɚɢɠɟɧɚ, ɧɚɞɜɨɪɟɪɚɛɨɬɚɥɢ ɤɚɦɟɧɳɢɤɢ. ȼ 16 ɱ. 24 ɦ. ɹɢɠɟɧɚɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɩɪɨɢɡɧɟɫɥɢ: ɱɭɜɫɬɜɭɟɲɶ? Ⱦɨɦ ɱɭɬɶɱɭɬɶ ɞɪɨɠɚɥ, ɫɥɵɲɟɧ ɛɵɥ ɝɭɥ, ɡɟɪɤɚɥɨ ɩɨɲɚɬɧɭɥɨɫɶ, ɥɚɦɩɚ ɫ ɚɛɚɠɭɪɨɦ ɡɚɞɪɟɛɟɡɠɚɥɚ, ɩɨɞɤɨɧɟɰɜɡɚɩɚɞɧɨɣɤɨɦɧɚɬɟɧɟɦɧɨɝɨɩɪɨɡɜɨɧɢɥɛɭɞɢɥɶɧɢɤ. ɋɭɞɹɩɨ ɷɬɨɦɭ, ɹɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɸ, ɱɬɨɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟɛɵɥɨɫɜɨɫɬɨɤɚɧɚɡɚɩɚɞ. Ʌɺɠɚɧɚɞɢɜɚɧɟ, ɹ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɧɟɜɨɥɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɟɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟ, ɚɛɨɤɨɜɨɟ, ɬɟ. ɫɥɟɜɚɜɩɪɚɜɨ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ 10 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɢ ɧɢɤɚɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɢɥɨ, ɟɫɥɢ ɧɟ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ, ɱɬɨɜɭɱɢɥɢɳɧɨɦɡɞɚɧɢɢɨɬɩɚɥɤɭɫɨɤ ɫɬɚɪɨɣɨɬɫɬɚɜɲɟɣɲɬɭɤɚɬɭɪɤɢ. Ɉɞɢɧ ɢɡɤɚɦɟɧɳɢɤɨɜɩɪɢɧɹɥɷɬɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟɫɧɚɱɚɥɚɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɨɤɪɭɠɟɧɢɟ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɵɬɶ ɨɬɬɨɝɨ, ɱɬɨ ɨɧ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɥ ɧɚɝɧɭɜɲɢɫɶ, ɧɨ ɩɨɬɨɦ ɭɫɩɟɥ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɶɫɹ, ɱɬɨ ɷɬɨ - ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɨɬɱɺɬɥɢɜɨ ɫɥɵɲɟɧ ɛɵɥ ɝɭɥ ɢ ɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶ ɞɪɨɠɚɧɢɟ ɡɟɦɥɢ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɷɬɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɚɦɟɱɟɧɨ ɢ ɜ ɒɚɛɫɤɨɦ ɦɨɧɚɫɬɵɪɟ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ

71 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɜɩɹɬɢɜɟɪɫɬɚɯɨɬɄɚɦɟɧɤɢ, ɜȻɟɫɫɚɪɚɛɫɤɨɣɝɭɛɟɪɧɢɢ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɛɵɥɨ ɬɚɦɩɨɱɬɢɜɨɞɧɨɢɬɨɠɟɜɪɟɦɹɢɜɬɚɤɨɣɠɟɫɢɥɟ, ɤɚɤɢɜɄɚɦɟɧɤɟ. Ɍɚɪɚɫɨɜɤɚ.Ɇɟɠɞɭ 4 ɢ 5 ɱɚɫɨɦɜɟɱɟɪɚɩɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɨɫɶɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ; ɜ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɡɚɦɟɬɧɵɦɛɵɥɨɨɧɨɞɥɹɬɟɯ, ɤɬɨɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɫɹɜɠɢɥɢɳɚɯ, ɧɚɩɨɥɟɠɟɨɧɨ ɛɵɥɨɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨɧɟɡɚɦɟɬɧɨ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶɜɫɟɝɨɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɫɟɤɭɧɞ. ȼ Ʉɨɦɚɪɝɨɪɨɞɟɟɝɨɧɟɡɚɦɟɬɢɥɢ. ȼɦ. Ɇɟɫɬɹɤɨɜɤɟ, ɜ 20 ɜɟɪɫɬɚɯ ɨɬ Ʉɨɦɚɪɝɨɪɨɞɚ, ɜ ɲɤɚɮɚɯ ɡɜɟɧɟɥɚ ɩɨɫɭɞɚ. Ⱦɟɜɭɲɤɚ, ɫɦɚɡɵɜɚɜɲɚɹ ɩɨɥ ɝɥɢɧɨɸ, ɠɚɥɨɜɚɥɚɫɶ, ɱɬɨɟɺɱɬɨɬɨɤɚɤɛɭɞɬɨɬɨɥɤɧɭɥɨ, ɢɨɧɚɭɩɚɥɚɨɬɷɬɨɝɨ. ɍɦɚɧɶ.ȼ 16 ɱ. 45 ɦ. ɡɚɦɟɱɟɧɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ; ɩɪɢɛɨɪɵɜɲɤɚɮɚɯɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɚɛɢɧɟɬɚ, ɩɚɧɢɤɚɞɢɥɨɜɰɟɪɤɜɢɢɞɪ. ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵɡɚɦɟɬɧɨɤɨɥɵɯɧɭɥɢɫɶ. Ɇɟɞɜɟɞɨɜɤɚ. Ɉɤɨɥɨ 5 ɱɚɫɨɜ ɩɨɩɨɥɭɞɧɢ ɛɵɥɨ ɨɳɭɳɚɟɦɨ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɧɨ ɧɚɫɬɨɥɶɤɨɫɥɚɛɨɟ, ɱɬɨɦɧɨɝɢɟɧɟɨɛɪɚɬɢɥɢɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ, ɚɞɪɭɝɢɟɢɫɨɜɫɟɦɟɝɨɧɟ ɨɳɭɳɚɥɢ. əɜɥɟɧɢɟɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶɨɱɟɧɶɧɟɞɨɥɝɨ, ɧɨɤɚɤɛɭɞɬɨ 2 ɪɚɡɚ, ɫɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɢɦ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɤɨɦ. Ɂɜɟɧɢɝɨɪɨɞɤɚ (ɫɬ. ɸ.-ɡ. ɠ. ɞ.). Ɉɤɨɥɨ 16 ɱ. 30 ɦ. ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ; ɩɨɤɚɱɚɧɢɸ ɜɢɫɟɜɲɟɣɥɚɦɩɵ, ɡɚɦɟɱɟɧɨɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɬɨɥɱɤɨɜɫɟɜɟɪɨɜɨɫɬɨɤ – ɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞ.» [10] «17 ɚɜɝɭɫɬɚ 1893 ɝ. ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. ɇɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɚɹ ɫɢɥɚɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɚɫɶɜ əɫɫɚɯ, Ʉɢɲɢɧɺɜɟ, Ȼɨɥɱɚɧɟ, ɉɟɬɪɨɜɤɚɯ, ȼɚɫɥɭɣ, Ƚɭɲɢ, Ȼɵɪɥɚɞɟ, Ɇɟɫɬɹɤɚɧɟ ɢɌɚɪɚɤɥɢɢɞɟɋɚɥɱɶ. ɉɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨ ɨɫɥɚɛɟɜɚɹ, ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɜɨɥɧɵ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɹɥɢɫɶ ɜ ɪɚɡɧɵɟ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ. Ʉɸɝɭ, ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨɨɫɥɚɛɟɜɚɹ, ɨɧɢɩɪɢɲɥɢɜ ɉɢɬɟɲɬɵ ɢȻɭɪɰɟɧɥɚɧɞ. ɂɡɦɚɢɥɶɫɤɢɣɭɟɡɞɤɨɥɟɛɚɥɫɹɩɨɱɬɢɜɟɫɶ. ɉɪɨɣɞɹɨɬɫɸɞɚɜɑɺɪɧɨɟɦɨɪɟ, ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɜɨɥɧɚɜɵɲɥɚɨɬɬɭɞɚɧɚɦɚɬɟɪɢɤɜ ɒɚɛɨ, ɢ ɢɞɹ ɞɚɥɶɲɟ ɩɨ Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪɭ ɱɟɪɟɡ Ɇɚɹɤɢ ɢ ɌɪɨɢɰɤɨɟɧɚȾɧɟɫɬɪɟ, ɩɪɨɲɥɚ ɧɚ Ɍɪɭɞɨɦɢɪɨɜɤɭ, Ʉɚɪɞɚɦɢɱɟɜɤɭ, Ɂɚɯɚɪɶɟɜɤɭ ɢȺɧɚɧɶɟɜ. Ɋɚɡɞɪɨɛɢɜɲɢɫɶɜ Ɇɚɹɤɚɯ, ɱɚɫɬɶɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɜɨɥɧɵɱɟɪɟɡ Ɉɞɟɫɫɭ, ɇɢɤɨɥɚɟɜɤɭ ɢ ɇɢɤɨɥɚɟɜ, ɝɞɟɨɧɚɫɧɨɜɚɪɚɡɞɪɨɛɢɥɚɫɶ: ɱɚɫɬɶɲɥɚɱɟɪɟɡ Ɇɢɯɚɣɥɨɜɤɭ ɢȼɨɡɧɟɫɟɧɫɤɧɚ ɇɨɜɨȺɪɯɚɧɝɟɥɶɫɤ; ɧɚɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦɩɭɬɢɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɜɫɬɪɟɬɢɥɢ, ɩɨɜɢɞɢɦɨɦɭ, ɤɫɟɜɟɪɭ ɨɬ Ɂɜɟɧɢɝɨɪɨɞɤɢ ɧɟɩɪɟɨɞɨɥɢɦɨɟ ɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɢ ɜɟɪɧɭɥɢɫɶ ɫ ɫɟɜɟɪɨɜɨɫɬɨɤɚ ɜ Ɂɜɟɧɢɝɨɪɨɞɤɭ. Ⱦɪɭɝɨɣ ɩɭɬɶ ɨɬ ɇɢɤɨɥɚɟɜɚ, ɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɨ, ɥɟɠɚɥ ɩɨ ɂɧɝɭɥɭ ɧɚ ȿɥɢɡɚɜɟɬɝɪɚɞ ɢɫ. Ɇɟɞɜɟɞɨɜɤɭ. ɂɡɞɟɪɟɜɧɢ ɑɨɪɟɲɬɵɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɜɨɥɧɚɩɪɨɲɥɚɜ Ʉɢɲɢɧɺɜ, ɢɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨ ɨɫɥɚɛɟɜɚɹ, ɩɪɨɲɥɚɱɚɫɬɶɸɧɚ Ɍɨɤɦɚɡɟɸ, ɚɱɚɫɬɶɸɧɚ Ʉɚɥɚɪɚɲ, Ʉɨɛɵɥɤɭ, Ɍɟɥɟɲɨɜɨɢ ɤɨɥɨɧɢɸ Ƚɥɢɤɫɬɚɥɶ. ɂɡ Ʉɚɥɚɪɚɲɚɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɲɥɢɱɟɪɟɡ Ɉɪɞɚɲɟɣɢ ɑɢɧɟɲɟɭɰɵɧɚ ɇɚɩɚɞɨɜɨ ɢ Ʉɚɦɟɧɤɭ. ɇɚɤɨɧɟɰ ɢɡ Ʉɚɦɟɧɤɢ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɜɨɥɧɚ ɲɥɚ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɧɚ ɉɟɫɱɚɧɤɭ ɢ Ɇɹɫɬɤɨɜɤɭ, ɚɱɚɫɬɶɸɧɚ ɉɥɨɬɢɢ Ȼɚɥɬɭ. ɉɨɞɧɹɜɲɢɫɶ ɩɨ Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪɭ ɞɨ əɦɩɨɥɹ, ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɜɨɥɧɚ, ɧɟ ɡɚɬɪɨɧɭɜ Ʉɨɦɚɪɝɨɪɨɞɚ, ɩɪɨɲɥɚ ɧɚ Ɍɚɪɚɫɨɜɤɭ ɢ ɩɪɨɧɢɤɥɚɫɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞɚɜ ɋɨɪɨɤɢ. ɇɚɤɨɧɟɰ, ɢɡɞɟɪɟɜɧɢ Ȼɨɥɱɚɧɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɜɨɥɧɚɫɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞ – ɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɤ ɩɪɨɲɥɚ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɉɟɬɪɨɜɤɭ ɢɋɚɪɚɬɭ. ɂɡ ɉɟɬɪɨɜɤɢɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɩɪɨɲɥɢ ɤɪɨɦɟɬɨɝɨɫɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɚɧɚɫɟɜɟɪɨɜɨɫɬɨɤɜ Ȼɟɧɞɟɪɵ ɢɨɬɬɭɞɚɫɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞɚɧɚ ɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɤɜȽɥɢɧɧɨɟ.» [25] ɇɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɟɪɟɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɛɵɥɚɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɚ ɤɚɪɬɚɢɡɨɫɟɣɫɬɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 17 ɚɜɝɭɫɬɚ 1893 ɝ. (ɪɢɫ. 3).

72 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

Ɋɢɫ. 3. Ʉɚɪɬɚɢɡɨɫɟɣɫɬɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 17 ɚɜɝɭɫɬɚ 1893 ɝ.

Ɇɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɞɚɧɧɵɟɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɢ 10 ɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɹ 1893 ɝ. «1893 ɝ., ɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɶ, 10 (29 ɚɜɝɭɫɬɚ), 4 ɱ. 45 ɦ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɜ Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɢ, Ɍɪɚɧɫɢɥɶɜɚɧɢɢ, Ȼɨɥɝɚɪɢɢ, Ȼɟɫɫɚɪɚɛɢɢ ɢ ɧɚ ɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɟ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ. ɇɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɫɢɥɵ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɞɨɫɬɢɝɥɨɜ Ɍɟɤɭɱɟ, Ⱦɪɷɝɭɲɟɧɢ, ɂɫɚɤɱɟ, Ʉɢɲɢɧɺɜɟ. ɋɢɥɶɧɨɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶɜ ɂɡɦɚɢɥɟ ɢȺɤɤɟɪɦɚɧɟ (ȻɟɥɝɨɪɨɞɟȾɧɟɫɬɪɨɜɫɤɨɦ), ɦɟɧɟɟɫɢɥɶɧɨɜ Ȼɟɥɶɰɚɯ ɢɋɨɪɨɤɚɯ.ȼ Ɍɪɨɹɧɨɜɨɦȼɚɥɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɥɨɫɶɝɭɥɨɦ. ɉɨɫɭɞɚɡɜɟɧɟɥɚ, ɞɜɟɪɢɯɥɨɩɚɥɢ, ɪɚɡɪɭɲɚɥɢɫɶ ɞɵɦɨɜɵɟ ɬɪɭɛɵ, ɦɟɫɬɚɦɢ ɨɬɫɤɨɱɢɥɚ ɲɬɭɤɚɬɭɪɤɚ. ȼ Ɉɱɟɪɟɬɧɨɦ ɫɩɹɳɢɟ ɩɪɨɫɧɭɥɢɫɶ. ȼ Ɉɞɟɫɫɟɛɵɥɨɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɨɞɜɚɬɨɥɱɤɚ. ȼɪɚɡɧɵɯɦɟɫɬɚɯɝɨɪɨɞɚ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶɩɨɪɚɡɧɨɦɭ. ɋɢɥɶɧɟɟɜɫɟɝɨɨɧɨɛɵɥɨɜɩɪɢɦɨɪɫɤɨɣɩɨɥɨɫɟ. ɉɚɞɚɥɢɞɨɦɚɲɧɢɟɜɟɳɢ, ɤɚɱɚɥɚɫɶɩɨɠɚɪɧɚɹɤɚɥɚɧɱɚ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ Ƚɨɥɨɜɚɧɟɜɫɤɟ, Ɇɨɝɢɥɺɜɉɨɞɨɥɶɫɤɟ, Ⱥɧɚɧɶɟɜɟ, ɇɢɤɨɥɚɟɜɟ.» [15] «1893, 10 ɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɹ, 03 ɱ. 4 ɦ. 35 ɫ. Ⱦɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɨɳɭɬɢɦɨɟɩɨɜɫɟɣɫɬɚɪɨɣɊɭɦɵɧɢɢ, Ȼɨɥɝɚɪɢɢ, ɌɪɚɧɫɢɥɶɜɚɧɢɢɢɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɧɨɣɊɨɫɫɢɢ. ȼɸɠɧɨɣȻɟɫɫɚɪɚɛɢɢɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɢɦɟɥɨ 5 ɛɚɥɥɨɜ. ɉɨɜɫɟɣɊɭɦɵɧɢɢɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɟɞɲɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɥ ɢɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɥ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɣɝɭɥ. ɗɬɨ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɛɵɥɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɟɟ, ɱɟɦ 17 ɚɜɝɭɫɬɚ, ɧɨ ɛɟɡ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɯɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ. ɉɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪɚɋ. Ⱦɚɜɢɫɨɧ ɢɡ Ɉɤɫɮɨɪɞɚ, ɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɫɹɜ: ij = 46º 22', Ȝ = 27º 41'.» [16] «10 ɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɹ. 5 ɱ. 40 ɦ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɨɳɭɬɢɦɨɟ ɩɨɱɬɢ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɣ ɫɬɪɚɧɟ, ɫ ɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɵɦɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɨɦɜɭɟɡɞɟɌɭɬɨɜɚ – ȼɚɫɥɭɣ. ȼ Ⱦɨɛɪɭɞɠɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɨ ɜ:

73 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

Ɍɭɥɱɚ, ɂɫɚɤɱɚ, Ȼɚɛɚɞɚɝ ɢ ɋɚɪɢɤɢɨɣ 6-7; Ɏɟɪɞɢɧɚɧɞ 1, 5; Ⱥɤɚɞɵɧɥɚɪ, ɄɚɣɧɚɪɠɭɚɆɚɪɟ, ɋɢɥɢɫɬɪɚ, ɋɚɬɭȼɟɤɸ, ɜɨɛɳɟɦɫɥɚɛɟɟ, ɱɟɦɧɚɫɟɜɟɪɟ.» [20] ©ɌɪɨɢɰɤɨɟɧɚȾɧɟɫɬɪɟ. ɑɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɨɤɨɥɨ 5 ɱ. 45 ɦ. ɉɪɨɫɧɭɜɲɢɫɶ, ɹɡɚɦɟɬɢɥɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟɩɨɤɚɪɬɢɧɚɦɧɚɞɦɨɟɣɤɪɨɜɚɬɶɸ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɨɱɟɧɶ ɲɚɬɚɥɢɫɶɢɫɬɭɱɚɥɢɨɛɫɬɟɧɭ. Ʉɪɨɦɟɦɟɧɹ, ɡɚɦɟɬɢɥɢɨɱɟɧɶɦɧɨɝɢɟ, ɢɩɪɢɷɬɨɦ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɢɡ ɡɚɦɟɬɢɜɲɢɯ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɭɜɟɪɹɥɢ, ɱɬɨ ɬɟɩɟɪɶ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɝɨɪɚɡɞɨɫɢɥɶɧɟɟ, ɱɟɦ 5 (17) ɚɜɝɭɫɬɚ. Ɇɚɧɝɟɣɦ. ȼ 5 ɱ. ɛɵɥɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ; ɛɵɥɨɞɜɚɬɨɥɱɤɚ: ɩɟɪɜɵɣɫɢɥɶɧɟɣ ɜɬɨɪɨɝɨ. Ʌɢɰɚ, ɯɨɞɢɜɲɢɟɢɥɢɟɡɞɢɜɲɢɟɜɬɨɜɪɟɦɹ, ɧɟɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɢɟɝɨ. Ʌɺɠɚɧɚ ɩɨɫɬɟɥɢ, ɦɧɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɨɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɨɧɚ ɲɚɬɚɟɬɫɹ, ɬɨ ɠɟ ɫɚɦɨɟ ɢ ɞɟɬɫɤɚɹ ɤɨɥɹɫɤɚ, ɫɬɨɹɜɲɚɹɨɤɨɥɨɩɨɫɬɟɥɢ; ɬɚɤɠɟɦɧɟɯɨɪɨɲɨɛɵɥɨɫɥɵɲɧɨɞɪɟɛɟɡɠɚɧɢɟɫɬɟɤɥɚɜ ɫɬɚɪɨɦ ɨɤɧɟ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɢ ɦɧɨɝɢɟ, ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɬɟ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɦɢɪɧɨ ɥɟɠɚɥɢɢɥɢɫɢɞɟɥɢɡɚɫɬɨɥɨɦɜɬɨɜɪɟɦɹ. Ɇɚɹɤɢ. ȼ 5 ɱ. 44 ɦ. 56 ɫ. ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɨɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟɩɨɱɜɵ. ɉɪɨɫɧɭɜɲɢɫɶɪɚɧɨ, ɹ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɥɟɠɚɬɶɧɚɫɜɨɟɣɠɟɥɟɡɧɨɣɤɪɨɜɚɬɢ. ȼɞɪɭɝɦɨɹɤɪɨɜɚɬɶɩɪɢɲɥɚɜ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟ, ɤɚɤɛɭɞɬɨɤɬɨɧɢɛɭɞɶɨɞɢɧɪɚɡɫɭɦɟɪɟɧɧɨɣɫɢɥɨɣɜɫɬɪɹɯɧɭɥɟɺ. ȼɫɥɟɞɡɚ ɩɟɪɜɵɦɭɞɚɪɨɦ, ɛɟɡɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɤɚ, ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɥɜɬɨɪɨɣ, ɫɥɚɛɟɣɲɢɣ, ɚɡɚɬɟɦ, ɬɨɠɟɛɟɡ ɩɟɪɟɪɵɜɚ, ɢ ɬɪɟɬɢɣ, ɟɳɺ ɫɥɚɛɟɟ. ȼɫɺ ɠɟ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶ ɨɤɨɥɨ 3 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ. ɏɪɭɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɟɩɪɢɜɟɫɤɢɭɜɢɫɟɜɲɟɣɫɩɨɬɨɥɤɚɭɱɢɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɣɥɚɦɩɵɥɸɫɬɪɵɩɪɢɲɥɢɜ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɟɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟ, ɚɫɚɦɚɥɚɦɩɚɡɚɤɚɱɚɥɚɫɶɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɨɢɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨ. ɇɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɭɞɚɪɚɛɵɥɨȼɘȼ. Ʉɚɱɚɧɢɹɥɚɦɩɵɛɵɥɢɡɚɦɟɬɧɵɜɬɟɱɟɧɢɟɱɟɬɜɟɪɬɢɱɚɫɚ. ȼɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɫɚɦɨɝɨɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɩɨɱɜɵɩɨɜɫɟɦɭɞɨɦɭɩɪɨɲɺɥɜɩɨɥɧɟɫɥɵɲɧɵɣɝɭɥɨɬɞɪɨɠɚɧɢɹ ɞɜɟɪɟɣɢɦɟɛɟɥɢ. ȿɥɢɫɚɜɟɬɝɪɚɞ. ȼ 5 ɱ. 52 ɦ. ɡɚɦɟɱɟɧɨɜɝɨɪɨɞɟɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟɩɨɱɜɵ. Ɍɟɪɧɨɜɤɚ.ȼ 6 ɱ. 11 ɦ. 35 ɫ. ɦɧɨɸɡɚɦɟɱɟɧɨɛɵɥɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. Ⱦɜɟɪɶɤɨɦɧɚɬɵ ɫɚɦɚɩɨɫɟɛɟɧɚɱɚɥɚɫɬɭɱɚɬɶ, ɤɚɤɛɵɤɬɨɱɚɫɬɨɞɺɪɝɚɥɟɺ. ɉɨɫɬɭɱɚɜɫɩɨɥɦɢɧɭɬɵ, ɨɧɚɧɚ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɫɟɤɭɧɞɩɪɢɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɥɚɫɶ, ɡɚɬɟɦɫɬɭɤɞɜɟɪɟɣɩɨɫɥɵɲɚɥɫɹɜɧɨɜɶ. Ʉɪɨɜɚɬɶ, ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣɹɥɟɠɚɥ, ɩɨɞɨɦɧɨɣɤɚɤɛɵɤɨɥɵɯɚɥɚɫɶ; ɹɜɫɤɨɱɢɥɧɚɩɨɥɢɩɨɥɛɭɞɬɨ ɤɨɥɵɲɟɬɫɹ. Ʌɚɦɩɚɞɚɞɜɢɝɚɥɚɫɶɢɤɚɱɚɥɚɫɶɜɨɜɫɟɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ. ɋɩɭɫɬɹɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ, ɤɨɦɧɟɩɪɢɲɺɥɰɟɪɤɨɜɧɵɣɫɬɨɪɨɠɢɧɚɱɚɥɪɚɫɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶ, ɱɬɨɨɧ, ɫɢɞɹɧɚɤɨɥɨɤɨɥɶɧɟ, ɫɨɛɢɪɚɥɫɹ ɬɪɟɡɜɨɧɢɬɶ ɤ ɡɚɭɬɪɟɧɢ. ȼɞɪɭɝ ɤɨɥɨɤɨɥɶɧɹ ɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɤɚɤ ɛɵ ɲɚɬɚɬɶɫɹ, ɨɧ ɢɫɩɭɝɚɥɫɹ ɢ ɯɨɬɟɥ ɛɟɠɚɬɶ ɨɬɬɭɞɚ, ɧɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɥɨɤɨɥɶɧɢ ɩɪɟɤɪɚɬɢɥɨɫɶ, ɚ ɩɨɬɨɦ, ɫɟɣɱɚɫ ɠɟ ɨɩɹɬɶ ɧɚɱɚɥɨɫɶ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɫɨɜɫɟɦ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɥɨɫɶ. ȼɫɺ ɷɬɨ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶ ɨɤɨɥɨ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɦɢɧɭɬɵ. ɋɭɞɹ ɩɨ ɤɚɱɚɧɢɸ ɤɪɨɜɚɬɢ, ɩɨɥɚ ɦɨɟɣ ɤɨɦɧɚɬɵ ɢ ɤɨɥɨɤɨɥɶɧɢ, ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɨɝɨɬɨɥɱɤɚɧɟɛɵɥɨ, ɚɛɵɥɨɜɨɥɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɟɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟɡɟɦɥɢ. ɉɨɩɥɚɜɤɚ. ȼ 5 ɱ. 40 ɦ. ɛɵɥɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɟɟɫɹɞɨ 10 ɫ.; ɧɚɱɚɥɨɫɶɫɲɭɦɨɦ, ɝɭɥɨɦɧɚɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɟ; ɩɨɬɨɦɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟɡɟɦɥɢɩɪɨɲɥɨɧɚɫɟɜɟɪɨ- ɜɨɫɬɨɤ; ɜɫɟɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵɜɞɨɦɟɡɚɞɪɟɛɟɡɠɚɥɢɢɧɟɭɫɬɨɹɥɢɧɚɫɜɨɢɯɦɟɫɬɚɯ. Ʉɨɯɚɧɨɜɤɚ. ȼ 5 ɱ. 30 ɦ. ɩɨɫɥɵɲɚɥɫɹ ɤɚɤɨɣɬɨ ɝɭɥ ɢ ɛɭɞɬɨ ɛɵ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɱɜɵ. ɂɡɞɪɭɝɢɯɤɨɦɧɚɬɜɨɲɥɢɢɫɤɚɡɚɥɢ, ɱɬɨɢɯɤɪɨɜɚɬɢɫɢɥɶɧɨɤɨɥɟɛɚɥɢɫɶɢɜɫɟ ɜɨɞɧɭɢɬɭɠɟɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ – ɫɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞɚɧɚɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɤ; ɩɪɢɷɬɨɦɬɨɥɱɤɢɛɵɥɢɧɟ ɨɬɪɵɜɢɫɬɵ, ɚɜɨɥɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶɧɟɛɨɥɟɟɦɢɧɭɬɵɢɧɟ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɹɥɨɫɶ. Ƚɥɢɤɫɬɚɥɶ. ȼ 5 ɱ. 40 ɦ. ɡɚɦɟɱɚɥɨɫɶɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɟɟɫɹɨɤɨɥɨ 5 ɫ. ɢɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɜɲɟɟɫɹɫɢɥɶɧɵɦɲɭɦɨɦ. Ɉɤɧɚɢɞɜɟɪɢɡɚɞɪɨɠɚɥɢ. Ƚɥɢɧɧɨɟ.ȼ 5 ɱ. 50 ɦ. ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɨɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟɩɨɱɜɵ, ɨɬɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨɫɬɟɧɵɜɞɨɦɚɯ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɥɢɫɶ, ɩɨɫɭɞɚɡɜɭɱɚɥɚ, ɦɟɛɟɥɶɢɞɪɭɝɢɟɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵɬɚɤɠɟɩɪɢɲɥɢɜɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ.

74 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɐɟɪɤɨɜɧɵɟ ɥɚɦɩɚɞɵ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɥɢɫɶ ɜ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɢɟ 20 ɦɢɧ. ɩɨɫɥɟ ɩɪɨɢɫɲɟɞɲɟɝɨ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ. Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɡɚɦɟɬɧɵ ɛɵɥɢ ɞɜɚ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɯ ɬɨɥɱɤɚ. Ɉɬ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɱɜɵɰɟɪɤɨɜɧɵɟɫɬɟɧɵɞɚɥɢɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɬɪɟɳɢɧɩɨɞɨɤɧɚɦɢ. Ɂɚɯɚɪɶɟɜɤɚ. ȼ 5 ɱ. 43 ɦ. ɢ 5 ɱ. 45 ɦ. ɛɵɥɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɟɟɫɹ ɩɟɪɜɵɣɪɚɡ 30 ɫ., ɚɜɬɨɪɨɣɪɚɡ 35 ɫ. ɇɟɫɱɚɫɬɢɣɧɟɛɵɥɨ. Ɇɚɥɚɟɲɬɵ ʋ2. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɜ 5 ɱ. 37 ɦ. ɧɚɱɚɥɨɫɶ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɦ ɝɭɥɨɦ, ɩɨɯɨɠɢɦ ɧɚ ɨɬɞɚɥɺɧɧɵɣ ɝɪɨɦ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɢɦɫɹ ɫɟɤɭɧɞ 15; ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɬɨɥɱɨɤ ɫ ɜɨɫɬɨɤɚɢɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟɜɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ 2 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ. Ʉɚɪɞɚɦɢɱɟɜɤɚ.ȼ 5 ɱ. 50 ɦ. ɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. ɉɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶɨɤɨɥɨ 8 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ. ȼɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɫɢɥɵ: ɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɩɨɬɨɥɤɚ, ɞɪɟɛɟɡɠɚɧɢɟɩɨɫɭɞɵ, ɪɚɫɤɚɱɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɢɫɹɱɢɯ ɥɚɦɩ; ɤɚɡɚɥɨɫɶ, ɤɚɤ ɛɭɞɬɨ ɩɪɨɟɡɠɚɥɨ ɦɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɜɨɡɨɜ. ə ɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɫɹɜɤɨɦɧɚɬɟ, ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɩɨɥɚɩɨɞɧɨɝɚɦɢɧɟɨɳɭɳɚɥ. Ɍɢɪɚɫɩɨɥɶ. ȼ ɝ. Ɍɢɪɚɫɩɨɥɟ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ ɨɤɪɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɹɯ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɨɫɶ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɜ 5 ɱ. 40 ɦ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɧɚɱɚɥɨɫɶɫɢɥɶɧɵɦɬɨɥɱɤɨɦ, ɡɚɬɟɦɛɵɥ ɫɥɵɲɟɧɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɣɝɭɥ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɢɣɫɹ 20 ɫ. ɢɨɤɨɧɱɢɜɲɢɣɫɹɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨɫɢɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɨɥɱɤɨɦ. ɇɚɦɟɥɶɧɢɰɟ, ɛɥɢɡɝɨɪɨɞɚ, ɭɩɚɥɢɤɪɵɥɶɹ, ɚɬɚɤɠɟɜɝɨɪɨɞɟɜɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɞɨɦɚɯɨɬɫɬɚɥɚɲɬɭɤɚɬɭɪɤɚ. Ɍɪɭɞɨɦɢɪɨɜɤɚ.Ɉɩɹɬɶɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɨɫɶɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ; ɷɬɨɛɵɥɨɜ 5 ɱ. 35 ɦ. Ⱦɥɢɥɨɫɶɨɤɨɥɨ 1 ½ ɦɢɧɭɬɵ. ɇɢɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɨɝɨɝɭɥɚ, ɧɢɬɨɥɱɤɨɜɧɟɛɵɥɨ. Ɍɨɤɦɚɡɟɹ. Ȼɵɥɨɫɥɚɛɨɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. Ɍɚɪɚɤɥɢɹɞɟɋɚɥɱɶ.ȼ 6 ɱ. ɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɨɫɶɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨɫɢɥɶɧɨɟɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟɩɨɱɜɵ, ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɟɦɨɟ ɝɭɥɨɦ ɢ ɬɨɥɱɤɚɦɢ. ȼ ɡɞɚɧɢɹɯ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɥɨɫɶ ɦɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɟɳɢɧ. Ʌɺɝɤɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵɩɚɞɚɥɢɫɩɨɥɨɤ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶ 1 ɦɢɧɭɬɭ. Ʉɚɪɬɚɥ. Ɇɧɨɸɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɨɫɶɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. əɩɪɨɫɧɭɥɫɹɜ 5 ɱ. 50 ɦ. ɢ ɩɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɜɫɤɨɪɟ, ɱɬɨɦɟɧɹɤɨɥɵɲɟɬ, ɤɚɤɜɤɨɥɵɛɟɥɢ; ɜɬɨɠɟɜɪɟɦɹɫɥɵɲɟɧ ɛɵɥɫɢɥɶɧɵɣɝɭɥɫɸɝɚ. Ɍɨɥɱɤɢɛɵɥɢɨɳɭɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ; ɡɟɦɥɹɞɨɬɨɝɨɬɪɹɫɥɚɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɫɬɺɤɥɚɜɨɤɧɚɯɞɪɟɛɟɡɠɚɥɢ, ɞɜɟɪɢɢɲɤɚɮɨɬɜɨɥɧɟɧɢɹɡɟɦɥɢɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɥɢɫɬɭɤ, ɧɚ ɫɬɨɥɢɤɟɢɭɝɨɥɶɧɢɤɚɯɨɩɪɨɤɢɞɵɜɚɥɢɫɶɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɢɟ ɜɟɳɢɰɵ, ɜɨɜɫɺɦɛɵɥɨɡɚɦɟɬɧɨ, ɱɬɨɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. Ɇɧɟɤɚɡɚɥɨɫɶ, ɱɬɨɜɨɬɜɨɬɦɟɧɹɫɛɪɨɫɢɬɫɤɪɨɜɚɬɢ. ȼ ɞɪɭɝɨɣɤɨɦɧɚɬɟɹɡɚɦɟɬɢɥ, ɱɬɨɥɚɦɩɚɞɚɫɢɥɶɧɨɤɨɥɵɲɟɬɫɹɜɨɞɧɭɢɜɞɪɭɝɭɸ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶɛɨɥɟɟɨɞɧɨɣɦɢɧɭɬɵ. ȼɢɥɤɨɜ. ɉɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜ 5 ɱ. 40 ɦ. ɢɦɟɥɨ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɜ ȼɢɥɤɨɜɟ ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɨɳɭɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. əɜɥɟɧɢɸɷɬɨɦɭɩɪɟɞɲɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɣɝɭɥ (ɤɚɤɛɵ ɨɬɬɟɥɟɝɢ, ɟɞɭɳɟɣɜɨɬɞɚɥɟɧɢɢɧɚɦɨɫɬɭ), ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɢɣɫɹɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɫɟɤɭɧɞ. Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɜɫɥɟɞ ɡɚ ɟɞɜɚ ɡɚɦɟɬɧɵɦ ɞɪɨɠɚɧɢɟɦ, ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɥ ɪɹɞ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɵɯ ɬɨɥɱɤɨɜ, ɫ ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɵɦɡɚɦɟɞɥɟɧɢɟɦɢɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟɦɜɫɜɨɟɣɫɢɥɟ. əɜɥɟɧɢɟɷɬɨɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶ ɨɤɨɥɨ 1 ɦɢɧɭɬɵ. ɋɭɞɹ ɩɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ, ɤɚɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥ ɤɨɦɩɚɫ, ɤɚɱɚɧɢɹ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɜ, ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟɩɨɱɜɵɢɦɟɥɨɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɫɡɚɩɚɞɚɧɚɜɨɫɬɨɤ. Ȼɚɪɬɚ. ȼ 5 ɱ. 50 ɦ. ɜɫɟɥɟ Ȼɚɪɬɚ, ɥɟɠɚɳɟɦ ɧɚ ɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɧɨɦ ɛɟɪɟɝɭ ɨɡɟɪɚ əɥɩɭɯɚ, ɛɵɥɨɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɟɟɫɹɛɨɥɟɟɦɢɧɭɬɵ. Ʉɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɱɜɵ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɢ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɥɨɫɶ ɫɥɚɛɵɦ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɦ ɝɭɥɨɦ. ɋɥɭɠɚɳɢɟ ɧɚ ɩɚɪɨɦɟ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɬ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɧɚ ɨɡɟɪɟ ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨɡɚɦɟɬɧɚɹɜɨɥɧɚ, ɲɟɞɲɚɹɫ ɸɝɚ. Ɉɛɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɩɨɱɜɵɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɭɞɢɬɶɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦɮɚɤɬɚɦ: ɩɨɫɭɞɚɢɫɬɺɤɥɚɜɨɤɧɚɯɞɪɟɛɟɡɠɚɥɢ; ɜɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɢ ɨɬɱɺɬɥɢɜɨ ɢ ɞɨɥɝɨ ɡɜɟɧɟɥɢ ɫɬɚɤɚɧɵ, ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɪɭɝ ɜɨɡɥɟ ɞɪɭɝɚ; ɞɜɟɪɢ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɹɥɢɫɶɫɚɦɢɫɨɛɨɸ, ɥɚɦɩɚɞɵɲɢɪɨɤɨɪɚɫɤɚɱɢɜɚɥɢɫɶ; ɩɫɚɥɨɦɳɢɤ, ɡɜɨɧɢɜɲɢɣɤ ɭɬɪɟɧɢ, ɜɢɫɩɭɝɟɩɟɪɟɫɬɚɥɬɪɟɡɜɨɧɢɬɶ. ȼɟɪɧɭɜɲɢɫɶɜ Ʌɚɪɠɚɧɤɭ,ɹɭɡɧɚɥ, ɱɬɨɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟ

75 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɩɨɱɜɵ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɳɭɳɚɥɨɫɶ ɢ ɬɚɦ. ȼ ɝɥɢɧɨɛɢɬɧɵɯ (ɱɚɦɭɪɧɵɯ) ɫɬɟɧɚɯ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɱɢɥɢɳɚɨɤɚɡɚɥɨɫɶɞɚɠɟɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ, ɯɨɬɹɢɜɟɫɶɦɚɧɟɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ, ɬɪɟɳɢɧ. ɇɨɜɨɉɨɤɪɨɜɤɚ. ȼ 6 ɱ. ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɛɨɥɟɟ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɟ, ɱɟɦ 5 (17) ɚɜɝɭɫɬɚ; ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɬɨɠɟ. ȼɲɤɨɥɶɧɨɦɡɞɚɧɢɢɟɫɬɶɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɢɟɬɪɟɳɢɧɵɧɚɞɞɜɟɪɹɦɢ. Ʉɨɧɝɚɡ. ȼ 5 ɱ. 45 ɦ. ɩɨɜɬɨɪɢɥɨɫɶɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɜɫɢɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɣɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɟɟɫɹ 6 – 7 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ; ɭɞɚɪɵ ɛɵɥɢ ɨɬɪɵɜɢɫɬɵ: ɧɚɫɱɢɬɚɥ 7 ɭɞɚɪɨɜ. ɇɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɫɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞɚɧɚɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɤ. ɋɥɵɲɚɥɫɹɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɣɝɭɥ. ɗɬɭɥɢɹ. ȼ 5 ɱ. 40 ɦ. ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɨɫɶɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟɨɤɚɡɚɥɨɫɶɝɨɪɚɡɞɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɟɟ ɛɵɜɲɟɝɨ 5 (17) ɚɜɝɭɫɬɚ. Ʉɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɱɜɵ ɛɵɥɢ ɧɚɫɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɵ, ɱɬɨ ɹɜɥɹɥɨɫɶɨɩɚɫɟɧɢɟɡɚɰɟɥɨɫɬɶɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɣ. ɀɟɛɪɢɚɧɵ.ȼ 5 ɱ. 34 ɦ. ɩɨɫɥɵɲɚɥɨɫɶɝɪɨɯɨɬɚɧɶɟ, ɧɚɩɨɞɨɛɢɟɞɚɥɺɤɨɝɨɝɪɨɦɚɢɥɢ ɤɚɪɟɬɧɨɣ ɟɡɞɵ, ɩɪɢɛɥɢɠɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɫ ɡɚɩɚɞɚ. 10 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶ ɝɪɨɯɨɬɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɡɢɥɨɫɶɝɪɨɦɨɜɵɦɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟɦɡɟɦɥɢ. Ⱦɨɦɹɜɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɲɟɜɟɥɢɥɫɹ, ɚɜɞɨɦɟɜɫɺ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɢɥɨɜɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟ: ɞɜɟɪɢ, ɨɤɧɚ, ɫɬɨɥɵ, ɫɬɭɥɶɹɢɡɞɚɜɚɥɢɝɪɨɯɨɬɚɧɶɟ, ɜɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɰɜɟɬɵ, ɫɬɨɹɜɲɢɟ ɧɚ ɷɬɚɠɟɪɤɟ, ɜ 1 ½ ɚɪɲɢɧɚ ɞɥɢɧɵ, ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɢ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ. ɗɬɚɠɟɪɤɚɫɰɜɟɬɚɦɢɫɬɨɹɥɚɩɟɪɟɞɨɤɧɨɦ, ɩɨɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸɫɜɨɟɣɞɥɢɧɵ ɫɡɚɩɚɞɚɧɚɜɨɫɬɨɤ, ɢɡɚɦɟɬɧɨɛɵɥɨ, ɱɬɨɡɚɩɚɞɧɵɣɟɺɤɨɧɟɰɩɪɢɩɨɞɧɢɦɚɥɫɹɩɪɢɧɚɱɚɥɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ. əɥɟɠɚɥɧɚɤɪɨɜɚɬɢ, ɱɢɬɚɥɤɧɢɝɭɢɬɨɠɟɩɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɩɨɞɧɹɬɢɟɡɚɞɧɟɝɨ ɤɨɧɰɚɤɪɨɜɚɬɢ. ɉɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ: 12 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ. Ⱥɤɤɟɪɦɚɧ. ȼ 5 ɱ. 44 ɦ. ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. ɋɢɥɶɧɵɣɝɭɥ, ɤɚɤɛɭɞɬɨɱɬɨɬɨ ɪɭɯɧɭɥɨ; 2 ɭɞɚɪɚ. Ȼɚɣɪɚɦɱɚ.Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɫɜɨɫɬɨɤɚɧɚɡɚɩɚɞ, ɜ 5 ɱ. 38 ɦ. Ɍɪɨɹɧɨɜȼɚɥ (ɫɬ. ɸ.-ɡ. ɠ. ɞ.). ȼ 5 ɱ. 42 ɦ. ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɨɫɶɫɢɥɶɧɨɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. 1-ɟ – ɫɢɥɶɧɨɟɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, 2-ɟ – ɫɢɥɶɧɵɣɝɭɥɢɟɳɺɫɢɥɶɧɟɟɩɟɪɜɨɝɨɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɩɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸɨɬɡɚɩɚɞɚɧɚɜɨɫɬɨɤ. 3-ɟ – ɫɥɚɛɨɟɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. ȼɬɨɪɨɟɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɛɵɥɨ ɧɚɫɬɨɥɶɤɨɫɢɥɶɧɨ, ɱɬɨɨɬɩɺɪɬɵɟɨɤɧɚɢɞɜɟɪɢɡɚɩɢɪɚɥɢɫɶ, ɫɬɺɤɥɚɜɨɤɧɚɯɢɩɨɫɭɞɚɜ ɲɤɚɮɚɯɫɢɥɶɧɨɡɜɟɧɟɥɢ. ɉɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɢɫɶɜɫɟɬɪɢɩɟɪɢɨɞɚɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ 7 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ. ɇɚ ɩɟɪɜɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɨɬ Ɍɪɨɹɧɨɜɚȼɚɥɚ ɧɚ ɩɚɫɫɚɠɢɪɫɤɨɦ ɞɟɪɟɜɹɧɧɨɦ ɡɞɚɧɢɢ ɞɵɦɨɜɵɟ ɬɪɭɛɵɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɵɢɜɨɦɧɨɝɢɯɡɞɚɧɢɹɯɲɬɭɤɚɬɭɪɤɚɨɬɩɚɥɚ. ɒɚɛɨ. ȼ 5 ɱ. 40 ɦ. ɛɵɥɨɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ 4 ɫɟɤɭɧɞɢɜɫɟɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ, ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɟɫɹɜɤɨɦɧɚɬɟ, ɡɚɦɟɬɧɨɲɚɬɚɥɢɫɶ. Ƚɨɥɢɰɚ.ȼ 6 ɱ. ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɥɨɞɜɚɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɯɭɞɚɪɚ, ɨɞɢɧɡɚɞɪɭɝɢɦ; ɹɫɩɚɥ, ɧɨ ɥɺɝɤɢɦ ɤɚɱɚɧɢɟɦ ɢ ɫɬɭɤɨɦ ɤɪɨɜɚɬɢ ɛɵɥ ɪɚɡɛɭɠɟɧ. ɇɟ ɭɫɩɟɥ ɹ ɨɩɨɦɧɢɬɶɫɹ, ɤɚɤ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɥ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɬɨɥɱɨɤ ɝɨɪɚɡɞɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɟɟ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɤɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɦɨɹ ɭɫɟɪɞɧɟɟ ɡɚɩɪɵɝɚɥɚɩɨɩɨɥɭ, ɚɞɜɟɪɢɢɨɤɧɚɫɢɥɶɧɨɡɚɞɪɟɛɟɡɠɚɥɢ. ɀɟɧɚɜɷɬɨɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɨɫɧɭɥɚɫɶɨɬɫɢɥɶɧɨɝɨɫɬɭɤɚ. Ȼɟɧɞɟɪɵ. ȼ 5 ɱ. 45 ɦ. ɨɩɹɬɶɛɵɥɨɡɚɦɟɬɧɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ; ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚɛɵɥ ɫɥɵɲɟɧ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɣ ɝɭɥ, ɡɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɧɚɱɚɥɨɫɶ ɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɟɦɥɢ. Ʉɚɡɚɥɨɫɶ, ɱɬɨɤɬɨɬɨɫɢɥɶɧɨɣɪɭɤɨɣɬɪɹɫɺɬɤɪɨɜɚɬɶ. Ȼɚɲɤɚɥɢɹ.ɍɬɪɨɦ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɞɜɚ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɯ ɭɞɚɪɚ ɫ ɩɪɟɞɲɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɜɲɢɦ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɦɝɭɥɨɦ. ȼɬɨɪɨɣɭɞɚɪɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɟɟɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ. ɇɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞɚɤɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɤɭ. ɉɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶɹɜɥɟɧɢɟɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɫɟɤɭɧɞ. Ɍɜɚɪɞɢɰɚ. ȼ 6 ɱ. 5 ɦ. ɛɵɥɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. ɋɧɚɱɚɥɚɩɨɫɥɵɲɚɥɫɹɫɢɥɶɧɵɣɲɭɦ ɩɨɤɪɵɲɟɭɱɢɥɢɳɧɨɣɤɭɯɧɢ, ɤɚɤɛɭɞɬɨɜɢɯɪɶɧɚɜɟɹɥɫɨɥɨɦɭ. Ʉɪɵɲɚɫɬɚɥɚɬɪɟɳɚɬɶ, ɩɪɢɨɬɜɨɪɺɧɧɵɟ ɞɜɟɪɢ ɢ ɨɤɨɧɧɚɹ ɮɨɪɬɨɱɤɚ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɯɥɨɩɚɬɶ; ɥɚɦɩɚɞɚ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɢɤɨɧɨɣ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɪɚɫɤɚɱɚɥɚɫɶ; ɩɪɭɠɢɧɚɫɬɟɧɧɵɯɱɚɫɨɜɡɚɡɜɟɧɟɥɚ. ɒɭɦɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɫɹɫɟɤɭɧɞɵ 3; ɡɚɬɟɦɧɚɱɚɥɨɫɶɤɚɱɚɧɢɟ; ɨɧɨɩɪɨɲɥɨɤɚɤɛɵ 3-ɦɹɜɨɥɧɚɦɢ; ɩɟɪɜɚɹɜɨɥɧɚɛɵɥɚ

76 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɫɢɥɶɧɟɟɞɪɭɝɢɯ 2-ɯ; ɨɱɟɧɶɹɫɧɨɡɚɦɟɱɚɥɢɫɶɧɚɱɚɥɨɢɤɨɧɟɰɜɨɥɧɵ, ɢɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɟɺ ɜɨɥɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɶ. ɉɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɜɨɥɧɵ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɤɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɟɦɨɞɧɨɣɢɧɚɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟɦɞɪɭɝɨɣ, ɦɨɠɧɨɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ, ɛɵɥɢɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɵɟ – ɫɟɤɭɧɞɵ 2 – 3. ɉɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟɲɭɦɚ, ɬɚɤɠɟɢɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɜɨɥɧɛɵɥɨɫɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞɚ ɧɚɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɤ. Ʉɢɲɢɧɺɜ.ȼ 5 ɱ. 40 ɦ. ɫɥɵɲɚɥɫɹɲɭɦ, ɤɚɤɩɪɢɩɪɨɟɡɞɟɩɭɲɟɤɢɥɢɨɬɫɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɛɭɪɢ; ɡɚɦɟɬɧɨɛɵɥɨɞɜɚɬɨɥɱɤɚ; ɜɤɨɦɧɚɬɟɡɚɦɟɱɚɥɨɫɶɫɢɥɶɧɨɟɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɜ. ɇɢɫɩɨɪɟɧɵ. ȼ 5 ɱ. 45 ɦ. ɛɵɥɨ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɹ ɛɵɥ ɜɧɟɡɚɩɧɨ ɪɚɡɛɭɠɟɧ ɨɬ ɫɢɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɤɚɱɧɭɜɲɟɣɫɹ ɤɪɨɜɚɬɢ, ɬɨɬɱɚɫ ɠɟ ɭɫɥɵɲɚɥ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɝɭɥ, ɩɨɯɨɠɢɣ ɧɚ ɝɪɨɦɨɜɵɟ ɪɚɫɤɚɬɵ; ɜɫɟ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ, ɧɚɯɨɞɢɜɲɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɫɩɚɥɶɧɟ, ɫɢɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɤɚɱɢɜɚɥɢɫɶ; ɜ ɢɫɩɭɝɟ, ɹ ɫ ɠɟɧɨɣ, ɛɪɨɫɢɥɢɫɶ ɢɡ ɤɨɦɧɚɬɵ ɜɨ ɞɜɨɪ; ɩɪɨɛɟɝɚɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɸɸ, ɦɵɨɛɚɧɟɦɨɝɥɢɭɞɟɪɠɚɬɶɪɚɜɧɨɜɟɫɢɟɢɯɜɚɬɢɥɢɫɶɡɚɞɜɟɪɢ. Ⱦɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɛɵɥɢɜɨɥɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɟɢɝɨɪɚɡɞɨɫɢɥɶɧɟɟ, ɧɟɠɟɥɢɷɬɨɛɵɥɨɜɢɸɥɟɦɟɫɹɰɟɫɟɝɨɝɨɞɚ. Ɍɟɥɟɲɟɜ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɜ 5 ɱ. 45 ɦ. Ɉɪɞɚɲɟɣ. ȼ 5 ɱ. 30 ɦ. ɛɵɥɨɦɢɧɭɬɧɨɟ, ɧɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟɞɥɹɜɫɟɯɠɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. ɍɧɰɟɲɬɵ.Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɜɨɥɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɟɧɚɱɚɥɨɫɶɜ 5 ɱ. 24 ɦ. ɢɤɨɧɱɢɥɨɫɶɜ 5 ɱ. 25 ɦ.; ɞɜɨɣɧɨɣ ɬɨɥɱɨɤ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɫɹ ɰɟɥɭɸ ɦɢɧɭɬɭ; ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɩɨɫɥɵɲɚɥɫɹ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɣɝɭɥ, ɡɚɬɟɦɥɺɝɤɢɣɬɨɥɱɨɤ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɭɫɢɥɢɥɫɹɤ 5 ɱ. 24 ɦ. 30 ɫ. ɋɨɪɨɤɢ.Ɉɤɨɥɨ 5 ɱ. 45 ɦ. ɛɵɥɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɟɟɫɹɨɤɨɥɨ 1 ɦ.; ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɨɬɜɨɫɬɨɤɚɤɡɚɩɚɞɭ. Ⱦɪɨɠɚɥɢɨɤɧɚ, ɞɜɟɪɢ, ɩɨɫɭɞɚ. ɗɬɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ ɫɢɥɶɧɟɟɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ. ɋɬɚɪɨɠɢɥɵɝɨɜɨɪɹɬ, ɱɬɨɩɪɢɩɪɟɠɧɢɯɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɯɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ ɡɟɦɥɢɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɢɫɶɬɨɥɶɤɨɩɨɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸɨɬɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞɚ – ɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɤ. ɇɚɩɚɞɨɜɨ. ȼ 5 ɱ. 20 ɦ. ɛɵɥɨ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɟɟɫɹ ɩɨɥɬɨɪɵ ɦɢɧɭɬɵ. Ɍɨɥɱɤɢɛɵɥɢɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨɫɢɥɶɧɵɟ. ȼɫɹɦɟɛɟɥɶ, ɩɨɬɨɥɨɤɢɞɨɦɚɲɧɹɹɭɬɜɚɪɶ ɩɪɢɲɥɢ ɜ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɟɞɲɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɥ ɝɭɥ, ɩɨɯɨɠɢɣ ɧɚ ɨɬɞɚɥɺɧɧɵɣɡɜɭɤɝɪɨɦɚ. ɇɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɫɸɝɚɧɚɫɟɜɟɪ. ȼ ɝɝ. Ȼɚɥɬɟ ɢ ɍɦɚɧɢ ɨɤɨɥɨ 6 ɱ. ɛɵɥɨ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ; ɹ ɛɵɥ ɨɤɨɥɨ ɍɦɚɧɢ, ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɧɟɨɳɭɳɚɥ. ɄɪɢɜɨɟɈɡɟɪɨ. ȼ 5 ɱ. 30 ɦ. ɛɵɥɨɡɚɦɟɱɟɧɨɦɟɫɬɧɵɦɚɩɬɟɤɚɪɟɦɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟɡɟɦɥɢ ɫ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɦ ɝɭɥɨɦ, ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɦ, ɩɨɯɨɠɢɦ ɧɚ ɡɜɭɤ ɤɨɫɬɺɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɚ. ɉɨ ɫɥɨɜɚɦɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɨɝɨɥɢɰɚ, ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɛɵɥɢɧɟɛɨɥɟɟɩɹɬɢɫɟɤɭɧɞ. Ʉɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɱɚɫɬɵɟɢ ɝɨɪɚɡɞɨɫɢɥɶɧɟɟ, ɱɟɦɜɨɜɪɟɦɹɛɵɜɲɟɝɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 5 (17) ɚɜɝɭɫɬɚ. Ʉɚɦɟɧɤɚ. ȼ 5 ɱ. 45 ɦ. ɫɧɨɜɚɩɨɜɬɨɪɢɥɨɫɶɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. əɫɩɚɥɢɧɚɱɚɥɚɟɝɨɧɟ ɫɥɵɲɚɥ, ɧɨɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɣɬɨɥɱɨɤɛɵɥɬɚɤɫɢɥɺɧ, ɱɬɨɹɱɭɬɶɧɟɭɩɚɥɫɤɪɨɜɚɬɢ. Ƚɨɜɨɪɹɬ, ɱɬɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶɧɚɷɬɨɬɪɚɡɛɨɥɶɲɟɩɪɟɠɧɟɝɨɢɛɵɥɨɫɢɥɶɧɟɟ. ɉɹɬɤɨɜɤɚ. ȼ 6 ɱ. ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɨɫɶ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. Ʉɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɫɥɚɛɨ, ɬɚɤɱɬɨɡɚɦɟɱɚɥɨɫɶɧɟɜɫɟɦɢ, ɩɨɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɬɟɦɢ, ɤɬɨɜɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɫɹɜɞɨɦɟ. Ɋɚɱɤɢ.Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɜ 5 ɱ. 52 ɦ. ɉɟɪɜɵɣɬɨɥɱɨɤɛɵɥɜɟɫɶɦɚɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ, ɬɚɤɤɚɤɜɫɟɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ, ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɟɫɹɜɤɨɦɧɚɬɟ, ɩɪɢɲɥɢɜɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. ȼɷɬɨɜɪɟɦɹɹ ɥɟɠɚɥɜɩɨɫɬɟɥɢɢɩɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥ, ɱɬɨɛɭɞɬɨɤɬɨɫɧɢɡɭɬɨɥɤɧɭɥɟɺ. ɒɤɚɮ, ɫɬɨɹɳɢɣɜ ɢɡɝɨɥɨɜɶɟɦɨɟɣɤɪɨɜɚɬɢ, ɢɡɞɚɥɝɥɭɯɨɣɫɬɭɤ, ɤɚɤɛɭɞɬɨɟɝɨɤɬɨɫɥɟɝɤɚɩɨɞɧɹɥɢɛɵɫɬɪɨ ɨɩɭɫɬɢɥ. ɋɩɭɫɬɹ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ 2 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ, ɩɨɫɥɵɲɚɥɫɹ ɨɩɹɬɶ ɬɨɥɱɨɤ, ɧɨ ɭɠɟ ɧɟ ɫɬɨɥɶ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ, ɚɡɚɬɟɦɟɳɺ 2 – ɬɚɤɠɟɫɥɚɛɵɯɢ, ɧɚɤɨɧɟɰ, ɨɩɹɬɶɛɨɥɟɟɫɢɥɶɧɵɣ. ȼɪɟɦɟɧɢɩɪɨɲɥɨɨɬɧɚɱɚɥɚɞɨɤɨɧɰɚɧɟɛɨɥɟɟ 10 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ.

77 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

Ȼɭɞɵ.ȼ 6 ɱ. ɹɛɵɥɪɚɡɛɭɠɟɧɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨɤɪɨɜɚɬɶ, ɧɚɤɨɬɨɪɨɣɹɫɩɚɥ, ɫɬɚɥɚɞɪɨɠɚɬɶ ɢɩɪɢɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɢɫɜɨɺɦɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɥɚɫɬɭɤ. ɉɪɢɷɬɨɦɫɥɵɲɟɧɛɵɥɤɚɤɛɵɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɣ ɧɟɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɣɝɭɥ. əɜɵɲɟɥɜɤɨɪɢɞɨɪ, ɝɞɟɜɫɬɪɟɬɢɥɠɟɧɭɫɜɹɳɟɧɧɢɤɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹɜ ɫɬɪɚɯɟɜɵɛɟɠɚɥɚɢɡɫɜɨɟɣɫɩɚɥɶɧɢ. ȼɫɬɚɜɲɢɫɩɨɫɬɟɥɢ, ɨɧɚɫɬɚɥɚɨɞɟɜɚɬɶɫɹ, ɤɚɤɜɞɪɭɝ ɭɜɢɞɟɥɚ, ɱɬɨ ɤɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɡɚɦɟɬɧɨ ɞɪɨɠɚɬɶ, ɫɬɺɤɥɚ ɜ ɨɤɧɚɯ ɡɜɟɧɟɥɢ, ɧɚ ɤɨɦɨɞɟ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɨɟ ɡɟɪɤɚɥɨ ɢ ɩɨɞɫɜɟɱɧɢɤ ɬɨɠɟ ɞɪɨɠɚɥɢ, ɢ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ, ɫɥɵɲɚɥɚ, ɤɚɤ ɜɞɪɭɝ ɪɚɡɞɚɥɫɹɤɚɤɨɣɬɨɧɟɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɣɲɭɦɢɝɭɥɩɨɞɡɟɦɥɺɣ, ɚɩɨɬɨɦɤɚɤɛɵɝɪɨɦɨɜɨɣ ɭɞɚɪ ɢɥɢ ɩɭɲɟɱɧɵɣ ɜɵɫɬɪɟɥ, ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɟɦɵɣ ɝɭɥɨɦ. ɋɜɹɳɟɧɧɢɤ ɬɨɠɟ ɫɬɚɥ ɪɚɫɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶɧɚɦ, ɤɚɤɨɧɜɰɟɪɤɜɢɢɫɩɭɝɚɥɫɹ, ɤɨɝɞɚ, ɧɚɱɚɜɲɢɫɥɭɠɢɬɶɜɫɟɧɨɳɧɭɸ, ɜɞɪɭɝɭɫɥɵɯɚɥ, ɤɚɤɩɨɞɩɨɥɨɦɜɚɥɬɚɪɟɪɚɡɞɚɥɫɹɧɟɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣɝɭɥɢɲɭɦ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɩɨɬɨɦɪɚɡɞɚɥɫɹɢɩɨɜɫɟɣɰɟɪɤɜɢ; ɫɬɺɤɥɚɜɨɤɧɚɯɫɬɚɥɢɡɜɟɧɟɬɶ, ɢɩɪɢɷɬɨɦɰɟɪɤɨɜɶ ɞɪɨɠɚɥɚ (ɰɟɪɤɨɜɶ ɫɬɚɪɚɹ). ȼɫɟ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɜɲɢɟ ɜ ɰɟɪɤɜɢ ɬɨɠɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɢ ɷɬɨ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ, ɚɰɟɪɤɨɜɧɵɣɫɬɨɪɨɠɜɢɫɩɭɝɟɩɪɢɛɟɠɚɥɜɚɥɬɚɪɶɡɚɹɜɢɬɶɫɜɹɳɟɧɧɢɤɭ, ɱɬɨ ɰɟɪɤɨɜɶ ɩɚɞɚɟɬ, ɢ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɢɡ ɦɨɥɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɩɨɭɯɨɞɢɥɢ ɢɡ ɰɟɪɤɜɢ ɧɚ ɩɨɝɨɫɬ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɨɫɶɬɚɤɠɟɢɜɦ. Ɉɛɨɞɨɜɤɟ. ɑɟɪɧɨɜɰɵ. ɇɚɱɚɥɶɧɢɤ ɩɨɱɬɨɜɨɬɟɥɟɝɪɚɮɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɤɨɥɨ 5 ɱ. 30 ɦ. ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɥ ɩɨɱɬɭ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɥ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɞɪɟɛɟɡɠɚɧɢɟ ɝɚɥɶɜɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ, ɩɨɦɟɳɺɧɧɵɯɧɚɷɬɚɠɟɪɤɟ. Ȼɟɪɺɡɨɜɤɚ. ɋɜɹɳɟɧɧɢɤɫɨɛɢɪɚɥɫɹɜɰɟɪɤɨɜɶɢɭɫɥɵɯɚɥɡɜɨɧɩɨɫɭɞɵɜ ɛɭɮɟɬɧɨɦɲɤɚɮɭɢɤɚɱɚɧɢɟɜɢɫɹɱɟɣɥɚɦɩɵɨɤɨɥɨ 5 ɱ. 30 ɦ. ɇɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɤɪɟɫɬɶɹɧɟ ɫɨɨɛɳɚɥɢ, ɱɬɨ ɡɚɦɟɬɢɥɢ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɱɜɵ, ɧɨ ɢ ɝɥɭɯɨɣ ɲɭɦ, ɛɭɞɬɨ ɨɬ ɬɨɩɨɬɚ ɥɨɲɚɞɢɧɨɝɨ ɬɚɛɭɧɚ, ɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ, ɩɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɨɬ ɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɚ ɧɚ ɫɟɜɟɪɨɜɨɫɬɨɤ. Ʉɨɦɚɪɝɨɪɨɞ. ȼ 5 ɱ. 30 ɦ. ɛɵɥɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɢɥɶɧɟɟ ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭɳɟɝɨ. ȼ Ʉɨɦɚɪɝɨɪɨɞɟ ɟɝɨ ɜɫɟ ɡɚɦɟɬɢɥɢ. ɉɨɞɨ ɦɧɨɸ ɞɪɨɠɚɥɚ ɤɪɨɜɚɬɶ, ɨɬɱɟɝɨɹɩɪɨɫɧɭɥɫɹ; ɧɚɫɬɟɧɟɜɢɫɟɥɫɚɩɺɪɧɵɣɬɟɫɚɤɢɧɚɨɞɧɨɦɫɧɢɦɝɜɨɡɞɢɤɟɜɢɫɟɥ ɛɚɪɟɥɶɟɮɢɡɛɪɨɧɡɵ, ɨɛɚɨɧɢɫɬɚɥɢɤɚɱɚɬɶɫɹɢɡɜɟɧɟɬɶ. ȼɞɨɦɟɜɫɟɜɞɪɭɝ ɩɪɨɫɧɭɥɢɫɶ. Ʉɪɟɫɬɶɹɧɟ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɥɢ, ɱɬɨ ɭ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɞɪɨɠɚɥɢ ɫɬɺɤɥɚ ɜ ɨɤɧɚɯ. Ȼɵɥɨ 3 ɭɞɚɪɚ. ȼɨɤɪɟɫɬɧɵɯɫɺɥɚɯɬɨɠɟɡɚɦɟɬɢɥɢɷɬɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ. Ȼɟɥɹɧɵ. Ɂɚɦɟɱɟɧɨɫɥɚɛɨɟ, ɧɨɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨɹɜɧɨɟɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɨɤɨɥɨ 6 ɱ. Ɇɢɡɹɤɨɜɫɤɢɟɏɭɬɨɪɚ. Ɉɤɨɥɨ 5 ɱ. Ɇɧɟɩɪɢɲɥɨɫɶɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɬɶɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟɩɨɱɜɵ ɜɧɚɲɟɣɞɟɪɟɜɧɟ: ɫɩɚɥɹɧɚɠɟɥɟɡɧɨɣɤɪɨɜɚɬɢɢ, ɪɚɧɨɩɪɨɫɧɭɜɲɢɫɶ, ɭɫɥɵɯɚɥ ɞɪɨɠɚɧɢɟɩɥɚɫɬɢɧɤɢɭɤɪɨɜɚɬɢ; ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɩɥɚɫɬɢɧɤɨɣɧɚɱɚɥɞɪɨɠɚɬɶɢɡɚɩɨɪ ɭɨɤɧɚ. ɇɚɫɬɨɥɟɭɦɟɧɹɫɬɨɹɥɫɬɚɤɚɧɫɜɨɞɨɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹɡɚɜɨɥɧɨɜɚɥɚɫɶɢɩɟɪɟɥɢɥɚɫɶ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɤɪɚɣ. ȼɫɺ ɜɵɲɟɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶ ɨɤɨɥɨ ɦɢɧɭɬɵ. Ⱥɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɟ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹɛɵɥɢɡɚɦɟɱɟɧɵɢɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ. ȼɢɧɧɢɰɚɋɬɚɪɚɹ. ɍɬɪɨɦɡɚɦɟɱɟɧɨɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ. ɍɦɚɧɶ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɜ 5 ɱ. 45 ɦ. ȼɫɟɫɩɹɳɢɟɛɵɥɢɪɚɡɛɭɠɟɧɵɞɜɭɤɪɚɬɧɵɦ, ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨɫɢɥɶɧɵɦɜɨɥɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɦɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟɦɤɨɟɤ. Ɉɛɚɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɫɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɤɨɦ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɢɫɶɧɟɦɟɧɟɟɱɟɬɜɟɪɬɢɦɢɧɭɬɵɢɩɨɫɢɥɟɦɨɝɭɬɛɵɬɶɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɵɫɤɚɱɤɨɣ ɤɨɟɤɧɚɩɚɪɨɯɨɞɟɩɪɢɭɦɟɪɟɧɧɨɦɜɨɥɧɟɧɢɢɦɨɪɹ. Ɍɚɝɚɧɱɚ.ȼ 5 ɱ. 45 ɦ. ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɨɫɶɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɫɥɵɲɧɨɛɵɥɨɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɬɨɥɱɤɨɜɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨɫɢɥɶɧɵɯ; ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶ 4 ɫɟɤɭɧɞɵ. Ȼɟɪɞɢɱɟɜ. ȼ 6 ɱ. ɜɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɦɟɫɬɚɯɝɨɪɨɞɚɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɨɫɶɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯɫɟɤɭɧɞ. Ɉɧɨɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɥɨɫɶɞɪɨɠɚɧɢɟɦɦɟɛɟɥɢ. ɋɬɚɪɨɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɢɧɨɜ. ȼ 5 ɱ. ɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɢɫɶɜɟɫɶɦɚɫɥɚɛɵɟɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɩɨɱɜɵ» [10].

78 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

©Ɉɞɟɫɫɚ. ɋɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɣ ɝɭɥ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɣ ɭɞɚɪ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɜɲɢɣɫɹ 5 - 7 ɫɟɤ., ɩɨɬɨɦɜɬɨɪɨɣ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ 2 – 3 ɫɟɤ.: ɭɞɚɪɵɛɵɥɢɫɧɢɡɭɜɜɟɪɯɢ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɫɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɚɧɚɫɟɜɟɪɨɜɨɫɬɨɤɜɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯɱɚɫɬɹɯɝɨɪɨɞɚɫɪɚɡɧɨɣɫɢɥɨɣ. ɑɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɟɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɜ ɩɪɢɛɪɟɠɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ. ɉɚɞɚɥɢ ɡɟɪɤɚɥɚ, ɩɨɠɚɪɧɵɣ ɫɜɚɥɢɥɫɹ ɫ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɢ. ɇɢɤɨɥɚɟɜ. Ⱦɜɚ ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɨɥɱɤɚ. ȼɬɨɪɨɣ ɫɢɥɶɧɟɟ. Ⱥɧɚɧɶɟɜ. Ɋɚɡɛɭɠɟɧɵ, ɝɭɥ, ɜɨɥɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ, ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟ ɫ ɜɨɫɬɨɤɚ ɧɚ ɡɚɩɚɞ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶ 1 – 1,5 ɦɢɧ. Ȼɚɥɬɚ. Ʌɺɝɤɨɟ, ɧɨ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɱɜɵ – 30 ɫɟɤ. Ɇɧɨɝɢɟ ɩɪɨɫɧɭɥɢɫɶ, ɞɪɟɛɟɡɠɚɥɢɫɬɺɤɥɚ, ɩɨɫɭɞɚ, ɞɪɨɠɚɥɢ ɨɤɨɧɧɵɟ ɪɚɦɵ ɢ ɞɜɟɪɢ. ɉɟɪɜɵɣ ɭɞɚɪ ɤɨɪɨɬɤɢɣ, ɧɨ ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɣ, ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɫɥɚɛɟɟ, ɧɨ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɟɣ. ɇɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫ ɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞɚ ɧɚ ɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɤ. Ʉɢɲɢɧɺɜ. ɉɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɥɨɫɶɨɤɨɥɨ 4 ɦɢɧɭɬ. Ⱦɜɚɜɨɥɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɯɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ, ɧɟɨɛɵɤɧɨɜɟɧɧɵɣɝɪɨɯɨɬ. ȼɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɞɨɦɚɯ ɪɚɡɛɢɥɚɫɶ ɩɨɫɭɞɚ. Ȼɨɥɝɪɚɞ. Ⱦɜɚ ɭɞɚɪɚ, ɩɟɪɜɵɣ ɫɥɚɛɟɟ. ɋɬɟɧɵ, ɤɪɨɜɚɬɢ, ɨɤɧɚɡɜɟɧɟɥɢ. Ɂɚɬɟɦɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɟɛɵɥɨɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨɫɥɚɛɨɟ, ɧɟɛɨɥɟɟ 2 ɫɟɤ.» [25] «10 ɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɹ 1893 ɛɵɥɨ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɧɨɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ, ɨɯɜɚɬɢɜɲɟɟ Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɸ ɢ Ȼɟɫɫɚɪɚɛɢɸɢɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɢɜɲɟɟɫɹɨɬɱɚɫɬɢɧɚɸɠɧɨɪɭɫɫɤɢɣɝɨɪɫɬ. ɇɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɟɣɫɢɥɵ ɨɧɨ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɥɨ ɜ Ɍɟɤɭɰɢ, Ʉɨɝɨɪɟ, Ⱦɪɚɝɭɲɚɧɚɯ, Ʉɢɲɢɧɺɜɟ ɢ ɂɫɚɤɱɟ. ȼɨ ɜɫɟɣ Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɢ ɜɨɥɧɵɲɥɢɫɫɟɜɟɪɚɧɚɸɝ, ɬɚɤɱɬɨɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɫɥɟɞɭɟɬɨɬɧɟɫɬɢɤɨɤɪɭɝɟɌɟɤɭɰɢ. ȼɟɪɨɹɬɧɨ, ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɜɨɥɧɚɩɪɨɲɥɚɢɡɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɚɱɟɪɟɡ ȿɞɢɧɰɵɢɞɚɥɶɲɟ ɧɚ ɜɨɫɬɨɤ ɱɟɪɟɡ Ɇɨɝɢɥɺɜ, Ȼɟɥɹɧɵ, Ȼɟɪɺɡɨɜɤɭ, ɑɟɪɧɨɜɰɵ, Ʉɨɦɚɪɝɨɪɨɞ, Ʉɥɟɛɚɧɶ, Ɋɚɱɤɢ, ȼɨɪɨɧɨɜɢɰɵ, Ɇɢɡɹɤɨɜɨ, Ȼɟɪɞɢɱɟɜ ɢɋɬɚɪɨɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɢɧɨɜ. ɂɡɞɟɪɟɜɧɢ ɍɧɰɟɲɬɵɜɨɥɧɵɲɥɢɩɨɞɜɭɦɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦ. Ɉɞɢɧɢɯɩɭɬɶɲɺɥ ɱɟɪɟɡ Ʉɚɥɚɪɚɲ, Ʉɨɛɵɥɤɭ, Ɍɟɥɟɲɨɜɨ, Ɉɪɞɚɲɟɣ, Ʉɨɡɟɲɬɵ, Ȼɟɥɶɰɵ,ɫɜɟɪɧɭɜɨɬɱɚɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɞɨɪɨɝɟ ɧɚ ɫɟɜɟɪɨɜɨɫɬɨɤ ɧɚ ɇɚɩɚɞɨɜɨ, Ʉɚɦɟɧɤɭ, ɉɟɫɱɚɧɤɭ ɢ Ȼɭɞɵ. Ɉɞɧɨ ɢɡ ɪɚɡɜɟɬɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɩɭɬɢ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɚ ɝ. ɋɨɪɨɤɢ, ɝɞɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɥɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣɛɵɥɨɜɨɫɬɨɤ – ɡɚɩɚɞ. ȼɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɭɬɶ ɢɡ ɍɧɰɟɲɬ ɥɟɠɚɥɧɚ ɇɢɫɩɨɪɟɧɵ, Ʉɢɲɢɧɺɜ ɢ Ɍɨɤɦɚɡɟɸ, ɨɬɤɭɞɚ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɜɨɥɧɵ ɲɥɢ ɩɨ ɞɜɭɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦ ɫ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɥɨɣ. ɉɟɪɜɨɟ, ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɟ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɧɨɟ, ɥɟɠɚɥɨ ɧɚ ɞɟɪɟɜɧɢ Ɍɢɪɚɫɩɨɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɟɡɞɚ Ɍɪɭɞɨɦɢɪɨɜɤɭ, Ʉɚɪɞɚɦɢɱɟɜɤɭ, Ƚɥɢɤɫɬɚɥɶ ɢ Ɂɚɯɚɪɶɟɜɤɭ; ɡɞɟɫɶ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɜɨɥɧɚ ɫɜɺɪɬɵɜɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɫɟɜɟɪɨɜɨɫɬɨɤ, ɧɚ Ȼɢɪɡɭɥɭ,ɢɞɚɥɶɲɟɧɚɜɨɫɬɨɤ, ɧɚ Ȼɚɥɬɭ ɢ Ʉɪɢɜɨɟ ɨɡɟɪɨ. ȼɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦɩɭɬɢɜɨɥɧɚɪɚɡɛɢɜɚɟɬɫɹɢɨɬɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹɨɬɤɪɢɫɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɦɚɫɫ: ɬɚɤ ɜ Ƚɨɥɨɜɚɧɟɜɫɤɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɟɜɟɪɨɜɨɫɬɨɤ – ɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞ, ɢ ɜ ɍɦɚɧɢɜɨɫɬɨɤ – ɡɚɩɚɞ. ȼɟɪɨɹɬɧɨ, ɬɚɠɟ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɜɨɥɧɚ, ɫɢɥɶɧɨ ɨɫɥɚɛɟɜ, ɦɨɝɥɚ ɜɫɺɬɚɤɢɞɨɣɬɢɞɨɞɟɪɟɜɧɢɌɚɝɚɧɱɢ. Ɉɬɪɚɡɢɜɲɢɫɶ, ɜɨɥɧɚɜɨɲɥɚɜ Ⱥɧɚɧɶɟɜ ɫɜɨɫɬɨɤɚɢ ɩɨɬɨɦɫɜɟɪɧɭɥɚɧɚɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɤɜɞɟɪɟɜɧɸ Ʉɨɯɚɧɨɜɤɭ. Ⱦɪɭɝɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɢɡ Ɍɨɤɦɚɞɡɟɢ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɧɢɡ ɩɨ Ⱦɧɟɫɬɪɭ, ɱɟɪɟɡ Ƚɥɢɧɧɨɟ, Ɍɢɪɚɫɩɨɥɶ, Ȼɟɧɞɟɪɵ, Ɇɚɹɤɢ, ɌɪɨɢɰɤɨɟɧɚȾɧɟɫɬɪɟ ɢ Ɇɚɧɝɟɣɦ. ɇɚɷɬɨɦɩɭɬɢɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣɩɪɢɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢɫɟɜɟɪɨɫɟɜɟɪɨ- ɡɚɩɚɞ – ɸɝɨɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɤɛɵɥɚɨɬ III ɞɨ IV ɛɚɥɥɨɜ. ȼɧɢɡɨɜɶɹɯȾɭɧɚɹɫɢɥɚ, ɫɤɨɬɨɪɨɣɤɨɥɟɛɚɥɢɫɶɱɚɫɬɢɰɵɡɟɦɥɢ, ɪɚɜɧɹɥɚɫɶ IV ɢɥɢ V ɛɚɥɥɚɦ. Ɍɚɤɚɹ ɫɢɥɚ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɫ ɡɚɩɚɞɚ ɧɚ ɜɨɫɬɨɤ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɚɫɶ ɜ Ȼɪɚɢɥɨɜɟ, ɂɫɚɤɱɟ, Ʉɚɪɬɚɥɟ, ɂɡɦɚɢɥɟ, Ɍɭɥɱɟ ɢ ɀɟɛɪɢɚɧɚɯ, ɝɞɟ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɜɨɥɧɚɫɤɪɵɥɚɫɶɜɑɺɪɧɨɦɦɨɪɟ. ȼɟɪɧɭɜɲɢɫɶɧɚɦɚɬɟɪɢɤɜɞɟɪɟɜɧɸ Ȼɭɞɚɤɚɯ, ɜɨɥɧɚɲɥɚɱɟɪɟɡ ɒɚɛɨ, Ⱥɤɤɟɪɦɚɧ, Ɉɞɟɫɫɭ,ɝɞɟɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɲɥɢɫ ɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɚ ɧɚ ɫɟɜɟɪɨɜɨɫɬɨɤ, ɧɚ ɇɢɤɨɥɚɟɜ ɢ ȿɥɢɡɚɜɟɬɝɪɚɞ. ȼ Ⱥɤɤɟɪɦɚɧɟ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɜɨɥɧɚ ɩɨɲɥɚ ɢ ɩɨ ɞɪɭɝɨɦɭ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɧɚ ɡɚɩɚɞ: ɧɚ Ȼɚɣɪɚɦɱɭ, 1 Ɏɟɪɲɚɦɩɟɧɭɚɡ, ɂɜɚɧɨɜɤɭ, Ɍɚɲɥɵɤ, ɞɚɥɶɲɟɩɨɜɟɪɧɭɥɚɧɚɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɜ

79 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɇɨɜɨɉɨɤɪɨɜɤɭ, ɟɳɺɪɚɡɩɨɜɟɪɧɭɥɚɧɚɡɚɩɚɞɜ Ȼɚɪɬɭ. ȼɨɥɧɚɫɫɢɥɨɣɜ V ɢ IV ɛɚɥɥɚ ɲɥɚ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɗɬɭɥɢɸ, Ȼɨɥɝɪɚɞ, Ɍɪɨɹɧɨɜ ȼɚɥ, Ɍɚɪɚɤɥɢɸ ɞɟ ɋɚɥɱɶ ɢ Ƚɨɥɢɰɭ ɩɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɚ ɧɚ ɫɟɜɟɪɨɜɨɫɬɨɤ. ɇɚɤɨɧɟɰ ɜ Ʉɨɧɝɚɡɟ, Ȼɚɲɤɚɥɢɢ ɢ Ɍɜɚɪɞɢɰɟɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɛɵɥɨɫɟɜɟɪɨɡɚɩɚɞ – ɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɤ. ȼ Ɋɭɦɵɧɢɢ ɩɨ Ⱦɪɚɝɢɱɚɧɭ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɜɨɥɧɚ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɹɥɚɫɶ ɩɨ ɫɛɪɨɫɭ ɪ. ɉɪɭɬɢɩɨȾɭɧɚɣɫɤɨɦɭɫɛɪɨɫɭɞɨ Ɍɭɪɧɭɋɟɜɟɪɢɧ.» [26] ɇɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɺɧɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɛɵɥɚ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɚ ɤɚɪɬɚ ɢɡɨɫɟɣɫɬ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 10 ɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɹ 1893 ɝ. (ɪɢɫ. 4).

Ɋɢɫ. 4. Ʉɚɪɬɚɢɡɨɫɟɣɫɬɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 10 ɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɹ 1893 ɝ.

ȼɵɜɨɞɵ ɉɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɦɚɤɪɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɤɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɢɯ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ 1868 - 1893 ɝɝ., ɞɥɹɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɦɵɩɨɫɬɪɨɢɥɢɤɚɪɬɵɢɡɨɫɟɣɫɬ. ɇɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɡɚ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɛɵɥɢ ɤɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɢɟ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ 17 ɚɜɝɭɫɬɚ ɢ 10 ɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɹ 1983 ɫ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɜ ɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɟ ɞɨ 7 ɛɚɥɥɨɜ. ɉɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɟ ɤɚɪɬɵ ɢɡɨɫɟɣɫɬ ɛɵɥɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɵ ɱɢɫɥɨɦ ɩɭɧɤɬɨɜɛɚɥɥɨɜ 127 ɢ 157 ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ. ɉɨɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸɫɤɚɪɬɨɣɢɡɨɫɟɣɫɬ 17 ɚɜɝɭɫɬɚ (ɪɢɫ. 3) ɧɚ ɤɚɪɬɟ ɢɡɨɫɟɣɫɬ 10 ɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɹ (ɪɢɫ. 4) ɧɚɦɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɲɢɪɧɟɟ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ ɩɹɬɢɛɚɥɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɧɚɸɝɨɜɨɫɬɨɤɟɊɭɦɵɧɢɢ.

Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ 1. ȿɜɫɟɟɜ ɋȼ. ɂɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ. ɋɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ. Ʉɢɟɜ, ɇɚɭɤɨɜɚɞɭɦɤɚ, 1969. ɋ. 32 – 55.

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2. ɇɨɜɵɣɤɚɬɚɥɨɝɫɢɥɶɧɵɯɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɫɞɪɟɜɧɟɣɲɢɯɜɪɟɦɺɧɞɨ 1975 ɝ. Ɋɟɞ. ɇȼ. Ʉɨɧɞɨɪɫɤɚɹ, ɇȼ. ɒɟɛɚɥɢɧ. Ɇ., ɇɚɭɤɚ, 1977, 536 ɫ. 3. Radu C. Catalogul cutremurelor puternice produse pe teritoriul României. Partea I – înainte de 1901. Partea II – 1901-1979. Cercetari seismologice asupra cutremurului din 4 martie 1977. Editori: I. Cornea, C. Radu. Bucuresti, 1979. p. 723 – 752. 4. Constantinescu L., Mirza V. A Computer-Compiled and Computer-Oriented Catalogue of Romania’s Earthquakes during a Millennium (984 – 1979). Geophisique, Revue Roumanie de geol., geophis. et geogr. 1980. Vol. 24, p. 193 – 235. 5. Ʉɚɬɚɥɨɝ ROMPLUS [ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣɪɟɫɭɪɫ]. – Ɋɟɠɢɦɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ: http://www.infp.ro/catal/catal.html-ROMPLUS (Romplus catalogue RoNet analog seismograms Hypo/Hypoplus program). 6. ɇɢɤɨɧɨɜȺȺ., ɇɢɤɨɧɨɜɚɄɂ. ɈɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢɞɟɥɶɬɵɪɟɤɢȾɭɧɚɣɩɨ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɨɛ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɯ. ȼɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨɣ ɫɟɣɫɦɨɥɨɝɢɢ. ȼɵɩ. 31. ɂɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɢ ɢ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ. Ɇ. ɇɚɭɤɚ. 1990. ɋ. 126-134. 7. Atanasiu I. Cutremurele de pamînt din România. Aɫɚd. RPR, Buc., 1961. 275 p. 8. ɇɟpites St. Registrul cutremurelor de pamînt din România. Analele Inst. Meteor. Rom. Vol. VI, 1893. Buc. P. 55 – 68. 9. ȾɪɭɦɹȺȼ., ɋɬɟɩɚɧɟɧɤɨɇə. ɄɜɨɩɪɨɫɭɨɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɢɞɟɥɶɬɵȾɭɧɚɹ. Buletinul Institutului de Geofizica úi Geologie al Academiei de StiinĠe a Moldovei. N2, 2006. C. 31-36. 10. Ʉɥɨɫɫɨɜɫɤɢɣ Ⱥ. Ɇɟɬɟɨɪɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɛɨɡɪɟɧɢɟ. Ɍɪɭɞɵ ɦɟɬɟɨɪ. ɫɟɬɢ ɸɝɨɡɚɩɚɞɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢɜ 1893 ɝ. Ɉɞɟɫɫɚ, 1896. 11. Ɂɟɦɟɬɪɟɫɟɧɢɟɬɨ ȼɪɚɧɱɚ-1977. ɉɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹ ɜ ɇɊ Ȼɴɥɝɚɪɢɹ. ȻȺɇ, ɋɨɮɢɹ, 1983. 428 ɫ. 12. Ⱦɪɭɦɹ Ⱥȼ., ɍɫɬɢɧɨɜɚ Ɍɂ., ɓɭɤɢɧ ɘɄ. ɋɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɪɚɣɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ Ɇɨɥɞɚɜɫɤɨɣ ɋɋɊ ɢ ɩɪɢɥɟɝɚɸɳɢɯ ɪɚɣɨɧɨɜ ɍɋɋɊ. ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɬɟɤɬɨɧɢɤɢɢɫɟɣɫɦɨɥɨɝɢɢɆɨɥɞɚɜɢɢ. ȼɵɩ. 2. Ʉɢɲɢɧɺɜ, 1964. 120 ɫ. 13. Catalogue of earthquakes, part III. Atlas of isoseismal maps. UNDP-UNESCO. Skopje, 1974. 14. Ɇɭɲɤɟɬɨɜ ɂȼ. Ɉɪɥɨɜ Ⱥɉ. Ʉɚɬɚɥɨɝ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɢɦɩɟɪɢɢ ɫ ɤɚɪɬɨɸ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ, ɱɟɪɬɟɠɚɦɢ ɢ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɚɦɢ. Ɂɚɩɢɫɤɢ ɂɦɩɟɪ. Ɋɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɟɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ, ɬ. ɏɏVI. ɋ.-ɉɟɬɟɪɛɭɪɝ, 1893. C. 250-263. 15. ȿɜɫɟɟɜɋȼ. Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ. Ʉɢɟɜ. ɂɡɞɜɨȺɇɍɋɋɊ, 1961. 75 ɫ. 16. Florinesco A. Catalogue des tremblements de terre ressentis sur le territoire de la RPR. Bucuresti, 1958. 167 p. 17. F. de Montessus de Ballore. România úi Basarabia seismice. Annales Inst. Meteor. Vol. XVII (II), Buc., 1905. 18. Rethly A. A Karpatmedencek Foldrengescei (455-1918). Budapest, Acad., Kiado. 1952. 152 p. 19. Laska W. Die erdbeben Polens. Mitteilungen der Erdbeben-Komission der Kais. Academie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Neue Folge. N1-XXX (1901-1906). 20. Ɋɨɪɟscu I.G. Cutremurele de pamînt din Dobrogea. Analele Dobrogei, an. XIX, v. 1. CernăXĠi, 1938. p. 22-26. 21. Ȼɟɫɫɚɪɚɛɫɤɢɟɝɭɛɟɪɧɫɤɢɟɜɟɞɨɦɨɫɬɢ. ʋ99, 17(25) ɞɟɤɚɛɪɹ, 1880. 22. Ɉɞɟɫɫɤɢɣɜɟɫɬɧɢɤ. ʋ284. 1880.

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23. Fuchs ɋ.W. Statistic der Erdbeben von 1865 bis 1885. Sitzungberichte der KA der Wissenschaften. Wien, 92 Bd. 1, Abt.,1885. S. 215-625. 24. Ɉɞɟɫɫɤɢɟɧɨɜɨɫɬɢ. 1893 ʋ2696, 2697 25. Ɉɞɟɫɫɤɢɟɧɨɜɨɫɬɢ. 1893 ʋ2718. 26. ȼɚɫɢɥɶɟɜɉ. ɋɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɶɘɠɧɨɣɊɨɫɫɢɢɢɩɪɢɥɟɝɚɸɳɢɯɤɧɟɣɫɬɪɚɧɜɫɜɹɡɢɫ ɬɟɤɬɨɧɢɤɨɣ. Ɂɚɩɢɫɤɢ ɇɨɜɨɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɬɟɥɟɣ. Ɍ. 31. 1908. Ɉɞɟɫɫɚ. ɋ. 166-167. Primit la redacĠie –23 decembrie 2013

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CZU 550.34 Sandu I.

ContribuĠii la cunoaúterea fenomenului seismic din regiunea Carpatică: Partea I - consolidare conceptuală în cercetarea seismelor

Abstract The historical perspective by a complex research synthesis of seismic phenomenon in the Carpathian region is made by 3 reference stages model of historic, classic and modern studies in seismology; here, a direct seismic parameters systematization (cataloging) and their comparison in pairs as a statistic characteristics of regional seismic activity are 2 forms of understanding and data consolidation about earthquakes in Carpathian region

Rezumat Sinteza cercetării fenomenului seismic din regiunea carpatică, în perspectiva istorică, ar avea 3 etape de referinĠă pentru seismologia regională: istorică, clasică, modernă; aici, perioada istorică ar fi în Era observaĠiei pre-instrumentale; perioada clasicăúi modernă se includ în Era instrumentală. Schema prezentată este complexă după aspectul documentării úi abordării, avînd orientare didactică, aceasta poate fi completată cu noi referinĠe ce nu sunt menĠionate de autor. Au fost identificate 2 forme de cunoaútere úi consolidare a informaĠiei despre seismele regiunii carpatice: sistematizarea directă a parametrilor seismici (catalogarea) úi caracterizarea activităĠii seismice regionale, prin studiul statistic comparativ a perechilor de parametri (sau distribuĠiile; componenta spaĠială este cea mai frecvent înĠîlnită în distribuĠii).

Ɋɟɡɸɦɟ ȼɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɩɪɨɮɢɥɟ, ɫɢɧɬɟɡɢɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɄɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɨɝɨɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ ɜɵɹɜɥɹɟɬ ɬɪɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɷɬɚɩɚ (ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ), ɤɚɤ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ, ɤɥɚɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɢ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɣ; ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟ 2 ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹɤɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣɷɪɟɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹ, 1-ɣɤɞɨɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ. ɉɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɣ ɩɨ ɬɪɚɤɬɨɜɤe ɡɚɞɚɱ ɢ ɨɛɴɺɦɭ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɪɟɮɟɪDɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɫɵɥɨɤ); ɢɦɟɹ ɞɢɞɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɨɫɬɶ ɟɺ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɬɚɤ, ɱɬɨɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɫɬɚɧɟɬɫɹɧɟɢɡɦɟɧɧɵɦ. ɇɚ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɢɯ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɜɵɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɞɜɟ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɤɚɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɢɥɢɤɚɬɚɥɨɝɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ) ɢ ɨɩɢɫDɧɢɟ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟɚɧɚɥɢɡɵɩɚɪɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ (ɢɥɢɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ).

Introducere Din perspectiva istorică, cunoaúterea reprezintă procesul stocării úi sistematizării, continue a informaĠiei (sau experienĠa) la fiecare etapă de evoluĠie a gîndirii umane: unde, interpretarea fenomenului seismic a evoluat de la simplele reprezentări divine la o natură ondulatorie a manifestării seismelor, delimitînd cauzele de efectele fenomenului. Aceste schimbări le datorăm evoluĠiei conceptuale a interpretărilor, cît úi a lărgirii orizontului de cunoaútere asupra fenomenelor seismice - concluzie recentă asupra evoluĠiei conceptuale a înĠelegerii fenomenului seismic (perspectiva globală), ce poate fi redusă la identificarea setului de intrebări definitorii: ce (care) fenomen s-a observat? cînd úi unde s-a produs fenomenul? cîtúi cum s-a produs? cu o formulare treptată a răspunsurilor, care de fapt úi identifică etapele evoluĠiei cunoúterii seismelor, sau seismologiei ca útiinĠă [1].

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Obiectivul cunoaúterii fenomenului seismic îúi găseúte continuitate în lucrarea de faĠă prin detalizarea cercetării la scara regională (în perspectiva istorică) ca sistematizare a problemelor de cercetare prin întrebări de reper (axele sistemului referinĠial de abordare a fenomenului seismic) odată cu definirea spaĠiului geografic de cercetare ca regional; la scară globală, schema evoluĠiei genetico-conceptuale asupra seismelor este în Figura.1. Teritoriul Republicii Moldova se încadrează în arealul de est al arcului carpatic ce ar fi influienĠat de seisme generate la adîncimi intermediare în zona Vrancea (curbura de sud- est în lanĠul montan carpatic); aúadar, se consideră reper geografic al studiului de faĠă regiunea carpatică în limita teritorială a trei state actuale: Romania, Moldova úi Ucraina. În lucrare, se identifică metoda comparativă a parametrilor seismici de reper prin tehnici de vizualizare grafică a dependenĠei úi corelării analitice posibile (distribuĠii).

Era pre-instrumentală: perioada istorică (pînă la sec.XX) a seismologiei regionale Impactul seismelor asupra comunităĠilor, spaĠiului învecinat arcului carpatic, lasă, de fiecare dată, amprente profunde în conútiinĠa fiecărei generaĠii; relatarea acestora este fragmentată printre rîndurile cronicilor, căUĠilor bisericeúti, úi alte scrieri ale timpului, ca evenimente neînĠelese úi extraordinare, considerate drept “semne“ - mesaje, ce merită a fi transmise generaĠiei în creútere [2, 3, 4]. Istoric consolidarea bazelor de date ale seismicităĠii carpatice în sursele europene (împreună cu observările locale) sistematizează varianta de vest a liniei carpatice, prin: Heptes-Drăghiceanu-ùtefănescu-Rădulescu-Popescu-Florinescu-[Mârza, Constantinescu] (veriga istorică pentru catalogul ROM+)úi varianta estică: [Mushketov, Orlov]-Vasiliev- Evseev-Shebalin (veriga catalogului FSU)1; la aceste surse se poate de adaugat úi sinteza informaĠiei seismice de pe întreg areal carpatic Fernand de Montessus de Ballore [5]. ObservaĠii recente [6] asupra datelor istorice (perioada sec.XI-XV), ce ar descrie seismicitatea regiunii carpatice, evidentiază repetiĠii în parametrii furnizaĠi [9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16]; aici, doar pentru cîteva evenimente se aduce informaĠie macroseismică suplimentară. Tot aici, adăugăm dificultatea vizualizării cîmpului macroseismic carpatic, gasită în sinteza datelor pentru sursele istorice menĠionate (sec.IV-XVII) [17]; acest fapt ar menĠiona că la nivelul regional bagajul datelor istorice permit valorificarea coordonatei temporale abia din sec.XVII, iar, cu sec.XVIII, se valorifică dimensionalitatea spaĠialăúi apartenenĠa tectonică ale seismelor. Specificarea coordonatei spaĠiale pentru seismele de pînă la sec.XVIII ar fi preamatură în catalogul ROM+, úi alte cataloage similare, sugerînd reevaluarea formatului, de la catalog spre buletin; specificarea coordonatei observării úi metodei aplicate ar face posibilă unele verificări asupra preciziei localizării, ce la moment nu se poate realiza pentru evenimente istorice din cadrul catalogului ROM+. Acest fapt concordează destul de bine cu tabloul general al sistematizării parametrilor despre seisme, istoric (Figura.1) [1, 17]; în schemă2, perioada observaĠiei instrumentale răspunde la

1 După 1960, continuitatea sistematizării datelor seismicităĠii teritoriale Euro-Asiei, este în [7, 8]. 2 se consideră problemele întîlnite úi rezolvate la fiecare etapă (identificate prin semne interogatorii); perioada clasică apare în 2 faze: 1- cu problema modelului de structură (determinarea adîncimii), úi 2- cu problema dimensionalităĠii seismice (magnitudinea) ca manifestare seismică la suprafaĠă, úi mecanismului focal [18]. În perioada modernă se unifică problema dimensionalităĠii úi mecanismului, prin interpretarea înregistrării digitale; problematizînd relaĠiile de recurenĠă dintre magnitudinea moment-tensor úi tipul magnitudinii. În perioada istorică, problema dimensionalităĠii ar fi abordată prin arealul afectat, problema localizării impactului maximal, integrînd aspectul magnitudinii, adîncimii úi mecanismului [1]. 84 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

întrebarea seismogenezei unde s-a generat seismul, ce pîna la acel moment (finele sec.XIX) această întrebare ar fi fost deschisă. Problema localizării spaĠiale a fenomenului seismic din arealul carpatic se face cunoscută prin aspectele manifestării la suprafaĠă (cîmpul macroseismic; descriptiv) úi al genezei, prin corelarea tectonică (focarul, sau sursa seismică; instrumental); anume sub aspectul abordării mature prin complexitate apar úi primele interpretări ale seismicităĠii (manifestarea cîmpului macroseismic úi geneza acestuia) la Drăghiceanu M., ùtefănescu Gh., úi Mushketov I., Orlov A. (finele sec.XIX - începutul sec.XX). În această ordine de idei, seismicitatea regională (úi cea globală) se reprezintă prin cele trei profile fundamentale de corelare a parametrilor observabili (cu elementul cheie la componenta spaĠială [locul observării, sau generării]), ca distribuĠii: spaĠio-temporală; spaĠio-energetică; spaĠio-cauzală (observabilăúi probabilă).

Fig.1. Schema evoluĠiei genetico-conceptuale asupra cunoaúterii fenomenului seismic, scară globală; perioada cercetării seismelor ar fi definită prin 3 etape de bază: istorică, clasică, modernă. În baza tipului de înregistrare, perioadele de cercetare sunt încadrate în 2 Ere ale observaĠiei: pre-instrimentală (descriptivă), instrumentală [1].

Era instrumentală: perioada clasică (1880-1960) a seismologiei regionale DistribuĠia spaĠio-temporală a manifestării seismice (observabile) apare ca prima formă a localizării fenomenului seismic; aici, rapoartele istorice, de pînă la sec.XIX, ar fi fragmentate pe întreg spaĠiul carpatic - cu o ameliorare considerabilă la sfîrúitul sec.XIX, prin sistematizarea observaĠiilor seismice de Mushketov I., Orlov A. (arealul carpatic de est), úi Hepites S., Drăgiceanu M., ùtefănescu Gh. (arealul carpatic de vest). Deasemenea, aspectul probabilistic al distribuĠiei spaĠio-temporale a fost dezvoltat de Drăgiceanu M. în baza distribuĠilor spaĠio-cauzale, spaĠio-energetice, úi mai rezervat de către Mushketov I. (în baza unei interpretări statistice a distribuĠiei spaĠio-temporale); sub acest aspect apare problema periodicităĠii seismice observabile úi probabile.

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Problema identificării teritoriale a seismogenezei se întîlneúte la Drăghiceanu M. (în 1896), ùtefănescu Gh. (în 1901), prin manifestări istorice ale cîmpului macroseismic: Drăghiceanu M., a aplicat informaĠia seismică asupra observaĠiilor regionale (care a fost sistematizată de Hepites S.), identificînd o aranjare a evenimentelor puternice după liniile seismice (fracturile, sistemele de falii importante), care eliberează tensiunile mecanice, ca manifestare tectonică [19]; ùtefănescu Gh., însă, problematizează seismogeneza în baza cunoútinĠelor globale, discutînd apartenenĠa teritorială a seismogenezei, prin manifestări istorice ale cîmpului macroseismic3 (cronicile europene úi locale, anii 455-1846) [20]; tot aici găsim distribuĠiile: spaĠio-energeticăúi spaĠio-cauzală. DistribuĠia spaĠio-energetică a manifestării seismice (anii 1893-1929) vizualizează regiunea Moldovei de Sud prin epicentre instrumentale (aici, problema adîncimii nefiind încă soluĠionată) la GalaĠi, Tecuci, Focúani, Brăila, úi Râmnicu Sărat; Rădulescu N.Al., corelează tectonica (falia Zabala-Focúani-Nămoloasa-GalaĠi) úi seismicitatea maximală în regiune, úi identifică seismicitatea Olteniei în baza observării anilor 1892-1938 [20]. DistribuĠia spaĠio-cauzală a manifestărilor seismice, prin geneza (falierea crustei) tectonică (sinteza informaĠiei geologice úi seismice), reprezintă a doua sinteză de corelare seismotectonică areală din România, după lucrarea aceluiaúi autor (Drăgiceanu M.,) din anul 1896 [20]; în 1937, Drăgiceanu M., reprezintă liniile seismo-tectonice din Bazinul Transilvaniei, MunĠii Apuseni úi Banat. Ulterior (în 1938), Popescu I.Gh., descrie cîmpul macroseismic perceput în Dobrogea, cu perioada observărilor (anii 1871-1929); în studiu, regiunea se separă în trei domenii seismic active: nordic (între falia Peceneaga-Camena úi r.Dunărea), median (liniile: Peceneaga-Camena (nord), Raúova-Mangalia (sud)), úi sudic (cu seismicitate intensă). În 1939, Popescu I.Gh., sistematizează seismicitatea Bucovinei (anii 1109-1937), unde distribuĠia orientată a epicentrelor seismice ar identifica falia care trece prin sudul CernăXĠilor (la distanĠa §20km) [20]. În perioada anilor 1937-1940, Demetrescu Gh., prezintă seria de lucrări cu notele asupra problemelor localizării instrumentale: propagarea úi recunoaúterea fazelor de unde seismice, cît, úi algoritmii de localizare; elaborează harta intensităĠilor macroseismice al cîmpului seismic resimĠit pe teritoriul Bulgariei úi al României; identifică focarul seismic localizat în curbura MunĠilor CarpaĠi, ca fiind similar celui din Hinducuú (Afganistan) úi Bucaramanga (Columbia, America de Sud), de adîncime intermediară; la acest capitol4, prin seismele anilor 1900-1940, sunt calculele lui Jeffrey H., Gutenberg B., Richard Ch., úi Demetrescu Ch. (în 1941), Constantinescu L. úi Mârza V. (în 1980) [20].

3 ùtefanescu Gh., are o viziune critică asupra surselor locale úi regionale, pentru observarea úi cronologia evenimentelor medievale stocate în centrele culturale europene (poloneze, franceze, úi germane); subliniază neomogenitatea, precizia, rapoartelor (asupra cîmpului macroseismic - manifestării seismelor) úi posibila aparteneĠă teritorială. În acelasi timp, menĠionează problema completării surselor cu evenimente, însă unele din ele pot fi ca pierdute pentru totdeauna, nefiind raportate. Referitor la coordonata temporală, precizia diferă de ordinul zilelor, cu înaintarea în trecutul istoric, la studiul cronicilor; mai mult ca atît, pîna în sec.XVII, există problema sincronizării coordonatei temporale legată de calendar. 4 Aici, cu toată similaritatea rezultatelor, valorile diferite în localizare denotă modelele diferite ale structurii aplicate în calcul, care úi cauzează divergenĠe în distribuĠia spaĠio-cauzală. Iar, localizarea spaĠială a zonelor seismogene, de fapt, ar reprezenta distribuĠia spaĠio-cauzală probabilă, definită în totalitate de modelul de structură regional aplicat; acest model ar fi distribuĠia spaĠio-cauzală a proprietăĠii mediului sub aspectul propagării undei mecanice. 86 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

În perioada anilor 1940-1960, pentru partea estică arcului carpatic (Ucraina úi Moldova), se obĠine imaginea detaliată asupra structurii geologice, în urma sistematizării informaĠiei geofizice (prospecĠiuni) úi stratigrafice (din foraje) - aici de menĠionat, seria rapoartelor tematice [21, 22, 23]. Însă pentru teritoriul României, cercetarea geologico- structurală a regiunii se axează preponderent pe cuvertura sedimentară [24, 25]. Aici, se adăugă úi lucrarea de sinteză asupra manifestării cîmpului macroseismic pe teritoriul României, prin corelarea acestuia cu tectonica regiunii (Atanasiu I., în anul 1941) - liniile seismic active din Banat, Muntenia, Oltenia, Transilvania, úi Moldova. Tectonica ar fi interpretată de Atanasiu I., drept cauza seismelor de crustă, prin falierea fundamentului; cutremurele din teritoriul României se clasifică areal: Moldova, Pontic, Banat, Dunăre, Transilvania, FăJăraú [20]. Pentru aceeaúi perioadă, menĠionăm contribuĠiile studiului de crustă, mecanismul falierii, distribuĠia spaĠială (spaĠio-cauzală) a focarelor seismogene, de către Petrescu Gh., prin sintezele cunoaúterii fenomenelor seismice (în 1959; The earthquakes), ce împreună cu Radu C., (anul 1960), caracterizează seismicitatea României, în baza datelor istorice úi instrumentale de pînă la 19605. Anii 1960 s-ar defini ca sfîrúitul perioadei clasice pentru seismologia regională, cu sistematizarea informaĠiei istorice în spaĠiul României (cîmpul macroseismic, sec.XI-XX: catalogul Florinescu A.; în 1958), cît úi din teritoriul Ġărilor vecine (Ucraina úi Moldova; catalogul Evseef S.V; în 1961) [10, 11], făUă un răspuns clar asupra modelului matematic de interpretare cauzală a falierii mecanice în focarele seismice.

Era instrumentală: perioada modernă (după anii 1960) a seismologiei regionale DistribuĠia spaĠio-temporală, prin abordarea statistică a cataloagelor, cunoaúte o aplicaĠie largă după aspectul probabilistic, definind problema periodicităĠii (sau frecvenĠa cutremurelor Ł în rusă ɫɨɬɪɹɫɚɟɦɨɫɬɶ) observabile úi probabile, în seria lucrărilor lui Riznicenco Yu.V. (anii 1958-1965) [26]. Aceste tehnici se aplică, pînă în momentul de faĠă, la estimarea statistic-probabilistică a manifestării seismelor la suprafaĠăúi pierderile însoĠite prin impact cu valorile amplasate în regiunea afectată, pentru teritoriul Republicii Moldova [27, 28, 29, 30]. Manifestarea probabilă se defineúte prin termenul “hazard”, iar consecinĠele probabile (pericolul; sau impactul acestora cu valorile expuse la hazard) prin “risk” seismic (anul 1979 [31, pp.54]). Atitudinea rezervată faĠă de localizarea în timp a manifestării seismelor reprezintă trecerea estimativă de la “prezicere” către “prognoză”, prin extinderea intervalului de incertitudine temporal, de la unul “exact” la “posibil” (în baza legii statistice de repetiĠie al manifestărilor observabile); problema predicĠiei fiind abordată în limita interpretărilor statistice [15, 32, 33] úi ulterior sistematizate în [34], s-ar evidenĠia prin impactul adus de un seism probabil major (corelarea cu distribuĠia spaĠio-energetică din regiune); simbioza celor două tipuri de distribuĠii: spaĠio-temporale úi spaĠio-energetice au úi precedat legea frecvenĠă-magnitudine, care úi reprezentă simbioza ulterioară a distribuĠiei: spaĠio-temporale úi spaĠio-cauzal-energetică; energia este definită prin moment seismic acumulat-eliberat în zona seismogenă. Tot aici, întîlnim úi simbioza distribuĠiei: spaĠio-

5 Autorii delimitează zonele epicentrale: Banat, Câmpulung Muscel, Câmpia Româna, Regiunea Carpatică, prin Vrancea: de est (crustale) úi de vest (subcrustale), úi Marea Neagră, cu informaĠii asupra structurii tectonice: structura (sedimentar, granitic, bazaltic) úi dimensiunea crustei, care au fost corectate după prospecĠiunile seismice din perioada anilor 1967-1976 [20]

87 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013 energetică (sau cîmpul macroseismic) úi spaĠio-cauzală (tectonica; prin curgerea masei montane) integrate în termenul “regim seismic” [35]. Prin urmare, interpretarea fenomenului seismic devine complexă atît prin termenii úi noĠiunile introduse în uz, cît úi prin algoritmii de calcul în localizarea spaĠio-temporală probabilă [36, 37]. Simbioza distribuĠiilor spaĠio-temporale úi spaĠio-cauzale se identifică prin studiul corelării cîmpurilor fundamentale: electrice, magnetice, electro-magnetice, gravitaĠionale, cît úi a metamorfozei chimico-nucleară - precursorii seismici (însă acest studiu este la etapa documentării, împreună cu monitorizarea geodinamică a deformaĠiei crustei (ca manifestare mecanică a determinismului, sau cauzei)) [34, 38, 39, 40, 41]. Una din soluĠii sigure asupra problemei localizării temporale, oferită de distribuĠia spaĠio-temporală, ar fi monitorizarea seismicăúi intervenĠia/reacĠionarea rapidă: Sistemul de Alarmare Rapidă (Early Warning System EWS), care prin amplasamentul regiunii faĠă de sursă defineúte rezervele de timp suficiente pentru a efectua unele acĠiuni utile; aceste rezerve sunt determinate din diferenĠa timpilor de sosire pentru undele S úi P [42, 43]. DistribuĠia spaĠio-energetică, cunoaúte etalonarea regională prin intermediul scării unice a dimensionalităĠii manifestării úi impactului seismic (MSK-64), din anii 1960 pînă în 1990, cînd se modifică în Scara Macroseismică Europeană (European Macroseismic Scale EMS); prin urmare, anii 1964-1965 servesc drept reper în descrierea sistematica úi omogenă a dimensionalităĠii seismice - energia (intensitatea, magnitudinea) [44]. Studiul cîmpului macroseismic reprezintă aspectul cercetării fenomenelor seismice regionale din perioada modernă, prin distribuĠia: spaĠio-energetică observabilă [45, 46; 17; 47, 48] úi spaĠio-energetică probabilă (microzonare) [31, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56; 27, 57, 58; 59], pentru România, Moldova úi Ucraina, respectiv. Revenind la cîmpul macroseismic observabil (sec.XX), din regiunea carpatică, se prezintă unele aspecte ale manifestării acestuia pe teritoriul RM - evenimentele puternice delimitează statistic 3 zone de impact seismic; anume metoda statistică de suprapunere a manifestării (distribuĠiei spaĠio-energetice) a stat la baza zonării, sau raionării, seismice a teritoriului RM [60, pp.5-17; 17]. Tot aici, în baza analizei statistice asupra directivităĠii de atenuare a manifestării, în raport cu epicentrul manifestărilor (nu al genezei), s-au elaborat relaĠii analitice pentru atenuarea cîmpului macroseismic observabil úi probabil (în baza ipotezei de periodicitate a fenomenelor seismice), normate la valoarea maximă a manifestării (în epicentru); cu localizarea instrumentală spaĠială (focarul), energetică (magnitudine), relaĠia analitică de atenuare a cîmpului macroseismic suferă transformări, ce ar introduce continuu corecĠii prin termeni noi [61]. Expresiile analitice pentru cîmpul macroseismic probabil (“hazardul”; sau manifestarea seismică probabilistică) în regiunea carpatică se prezintă sistematizat, pentru întreg teritoriul României, în sinteza [62]; aici concluzionăm că se operează mult cu aspectul statistic, úi normarea unui set de date observabil către o relaĠie tehnică analitică, făUă a mai explora aspectul deterministic. Simbioza distribuĠiei spaĠio-energetice úi spaĠio-cauzale a diversificat, de fapt, relaĠiile ce descriu cîmpul macroseismic; noĠiunea de magnitudine este definită de Richter Ch. [63], în 1934, sub aspectul aproximării fenomenului de atenuare (profilul sursă-observator) ca manifestarea cîmpului seismic înregistrat instrumental; prin aproximare, se defineúte magnitudinea ca intensitate instrumentală (manifestarea la sol; deplasările). Se observă bine corelaĠia analitică dintre intensitate úi magnitudine, ce ar reprezenta două varietăĠi de aproximări ale atenuării cîmpului macroseismic observabil (descriptiv úi instrumental). DistribuĠia spaĠio-cauzală (seismo-tectonica) úi spaĠio-energetică (macroseismica) prin efectele seismice istorice din teritoriul Republicii Moldova, ridică o serie de întrebări

88 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013 asupra seismicităĠii locale, după 1960 [60, pp.18-38]. Este de necrezut că aceste reflecĠii seismotectonice nu au fost dezvoltate pînă la momentul de faĠă, nivelul de argumentare ramînînd acelasi - unul descriptiv (cu cca. 50 de ani în urmă), făUă o îmbunăWăĠire asupra interpretării instrumentale a seismicităĠii locale; argumentarea ar fi că impactul seismic maximal este întîlnit doar la seismele puternice (generate în zona Vrancea, la adîncimile intermediare), iar, studiul impactului seismelor locale fiind neglijat pentru teritoriul RM [63, pp.51-58, 64]. Studiul local al tectonicii (distribuĠiei spaĠio-cauzale), pentru anii 1965-1975, se focusează pe corelarea stratigrafică, topografică (structurală) úi seismică; aici menĠionăm sinteza regională a studiilor seismotectonice în bazinul Marii Negre, ca element tectonic ce ar separa orogenul Carpatic, Balcanic, Caucazian úi Anatolian [65]. Un studiu aparte asupra tectonicii regionale îl reprezintă monitorizarea deformaĠiilor de la suprafaĠă, prin sistemele de poziĠionare globală GPS (începînd cu anii 1995) [66]. Cercetarea distribuĠiei spaĠio-cauzale în propagarea undelor mecanice prin scoarĠa terestră regională (aici, proprietaĠile mediului) contribuie la studiul localizării spaĠiale al zonelor seismogene úi tipul falierii [20, 67, 68, 69, 70]; de menĠionat: studiul structurii regionale a litosferei [71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78] úi locale a crustei, cu determinarea factorului de calitate (sau atenuarea), studiul spectral úi efectelor seismice neliniare în miúcarea solului “seismologia neliniară” [20, 79; 58], cu localizarea úi catalogarea seismogenezei [20, 12, 14, 80; 81], úi fizica sursei seismice [71, 34, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89; 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95; 59, 96]), corelate cu arealul investigat prin cîmpuri de tensiune [97; 98]. Ar fi greúit să neglijăm úi faptul că au existat, úi mai există în continuare, diverse tendinĠe de interpretări (modelări) geofizice a seismotectonicii regionale; aici, abordarea tectonică se prezintă puternic polarizată în perspectiva procesului de subducĠie (la volum constant al pămîntului), ca o interpretare doar mobilistă a tectonicii regionale.

Concluzii Au fost identificate úi sistematizate cronologic problemele cercetarii fenomenului seismic în spaĠiul carpatic împreună cu tehnicile de soluĠionare la fiecare etapă de studiu. Generalizînd aspectele cercetării seismelor regiunii carpatice, ele pot fi încadrate tematic în studiul structurii de propagare úi activităĠii seismice (ca genezăúi manifestările acesteia la suprafaĠă) observabileúi probabile, prin 3 forme de vizualizare (ca distribuĠii): spaĠio-temporale, spaĠio-energetice, úi spaĠio-cauzale. Perspectiva menĠionată cercetării fenomenului seismic se aplică drept reper pentru descrierea cantitativă asupra activităĠii seismice regionale; popularizarea distribuĠiilor ce implică parametrul spaĠial ar fi cauzată de prioritatea problemei localizării soluĠinată în perioada clasică a seismologiei regionale. Tot aici, fixînd arealul de studiu, gasim distribuĠii: energetico-temporale (puterea manifestării); energetico- úi temporal- cauzale (ca determinismul manifestării úi dinamica cîmpului de tensiune regional), cu o popularizare crescîndă datorită actualităĠii problemei energetico-cauzale, specifică perioadei moderne a seismologiei regionale (cît úi globale). Lucrarea de faĠă, prin structurarea materialului epistemic, poate fi un reper sigur în procesul consolidării ghidului didactic a problemelor cunoaúterii fenomenului seismic; bineînĠeles, schema propusă de autor poate fi completată cu noi referinĠe, ce nu au intrat în lista celor menĠionate mai jos, însă în esenĠă, structura modelului ramîine aceiaúi.

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66. Radulian M., ú.a., (2009), Cercetări privind managementul dezasrelor generate de cutremurele româneúti, (Coord.: Mărmureanu Gh), Iaúi: Tehnopress, pp.482-548. 67. Balakina L.M., ú.a., (1972), Field of the earth’s elastic stress and mechanism of earthquake foci, Seismology N8, Results of Research on Inter. Geophys Proj, Moskow: “Nauka”, 191 p. 68. Vvedenskaya A.V., The Determination of the Displacement field of earthquakes by use of dislocation theory, Ac. Of Sc. USSR, Geophys. series, 1956, 3, 277-284. 69. Enescu D., (1958), Studiul mecanismului focal úi energia seismului crustal din 18 Aprilie, 1956, St. cerc. astr-seism., II (1), 133-145. 70. Constantinescu L., Enescu D., (1962), Nature of faulting and stress pattern at the foci of some Carpathian-Arc-Bend earthquakes, Rev. Roum. de Geol., VI(1), 157-188. 71. Popa M., (2007), ContribuĠii la cunoaúterea structurii de adîncime a zonei vrancea, Buc.: Lucman, 191 p. 72. Enescu D., Diaconescu C., and Diaconescu M., (1993), Lithosphere Structure in Romania. III. Results on the Deep Struct. of Vrancea Zone, Rev. Roum. Geophys., Bucharest, 37, 51-60. 73. Enescu D., Danchiv D., Bala A., (1992), Lithosphere Structure in Romania. II. Thickness of Earth Crust. Depth-dependent Propagation Velocity Survey for P and S Waves, St. Cerc. Geol. Geofiz. Geogr., Ser.: Geofizica, 30, 3-19. 74. Ioane D. Ion D., (2005), A 3D crustal gravity modeling of the Romanian territory, Journal of Balkan Geopys. Society, vol.8, No.4, 189-198. 75. Oncescu, M.., (1984), Deep structure of Vrancea region, Romania, inferred from simult. inversion for hypocenters and 3-D velocity structure, Ann. Geophys., 2, 23-28. 76. Hauser F., ú.a., (2001), VRANCEA99 - the structure beneath the southeastern Carpathians and the Moesian Platform from a seismic refraction profile in Romania., Tectonophys. 340, 233-256. 77. ɑɟɤɭɧɨɜ Ⱥ., ú.a., Ʌɢɬɨɫɮɟɪɚɐɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢ ȼɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɣ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ. ȼɨɫɬɨɱɧɨ- ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɚɹɩɥɚɬɮɨɪɦɚ, Ʉɢɟɜ: ɇɚɭɤɨɜɚȾɭɦɤɚ, 1989, 187 ɫ. 78. Ȼɭɪɶɹɧɨɜ ȼ., ú.a., (1985), Ƚɟɨɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɟɤɬɨɧɨɫɮɟɪɵ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ, Ʉɢɟɜ: ɇɚɭɤȾɭɦɤɚ, 211ɫ 79. Enescu D., Almasan B., (1987), Seismologia exploziilor, Bucureúti: Tehnică, 323 p. 80. Radu C., (1979), Catalogue of strong earthquake occured on Romanian territory, Part I - before 1901; Part II – 1901-1979, In Seismolog. research. on March 4, 1977 earthq., Bucureúti: ICEFIZ, 723-752. 81. ɂɥɢɟɲ ɂɂ., (2008), ɋɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɟɬɶ Ɋɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɢ Ɇɨɥɞɨɜɚ: ɋɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɢ ɉɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɵ, Ɇɚɬɟɪ. Ɇɟɠɞ. Ʉɨɧɮ. “ɋɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɋɟɜ. ȿɜɪɚɡɢɢ”, Ɉɛɧɢɧɫɤ: ɂɎɁ ɊȺɇ, 87-92. 82. Enescu D., (1981), Contribution to the knowledge of the geometrical and geophysical parameters of Vrancea earthq. foci, Rev. Roum. Geol. Geophys. Geogr., 25, 17-34. 83. Enescu D., Cornea I., Miúcu M., Mecanismul de producere a cutremurului din 4 martie 1977 úi efectele asociate de directivitate, Cutr. de pamînt din Romania de la 4 martie 1977, Bucureúti: Ac. RSR, 1982, 36-76. 84. Oncescu M., (1987), On the stress tensor in Vrancea region, J. Geophys., 62, 62-65. 85. Constantinescu L., Enescu D., (1985), The Vrancea earthquakes within their scientific and technological framework, Bucharest: Pub. House of the Rom. Acad., 230 p. 86. Radulian M., Popa M., (1995), Analysis of the space, time and energy distribut. of Vrancea earthquakes, Rom. J. Phys., 40 (1), 113-122.

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87. Radulian M., Popa M., (1996), Scaling of source param. for Vrancea (Romania) intermediate depth earthquakes, Tectonophysics, 261, 67-81. 88. Popa M., Radulian M., (2001), Depth-dependent scaling relations of the source parameters for the Vrancea subcrustal earthquakes, Rom. Journ. Phys., 46, 7-8. 89. Bala A., Radulian M., Popescu E., (2003), Earthquake distribution and their focal mechanism in correlation with the active tectonic zones of Romania, Journal of Geodynamics. 36, 129-145. 90. Ⱦɪɭɦɹ Ⱥ., ú.a., ɋɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣɚɧɚɥɢɡɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɢɨɛɥɚɫɬɢȼɪɚɧɱɚ, Ƚɢɧɞɭɤɭɲ ɢ Ȼɭɤɚɪɚɦɚɧɝɚ. Ɉɬɱɺɬ: ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧ.-ɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧ. ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱ. ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ. ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞ. ɫɟɣɫɦ. ɨɩɚɫɧ. ɜɤɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɨɦɪɟɝ., ɂȽȽȺɇɆɋɋɊ. Ʉɢɲɢɧɟɜ 1985, 100-109. 91. ɋɤɨɜɢɬɢɧ Ⱥ., ú.a., Ɉɬɱɺɬ ɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɯ ɫɟɣɫɦɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɨɩɵɬɧɨ- ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɩɚɪɬɢɢ, ɂȽȽȺɇɆɋɋɊ, Ʉɢɲɢɧɺɜ 1984, 170 ɫ. 92. Ⱦɪɭɦɹ Ⱥ., ú.a., ɂɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɨɱɚɝɨɜ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɤɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɨɝɨɪɟɝɨɧɚ, ɂȽȽȺɇɆɋɋɊ, Ʉɢɲɢɧɺɜ, 1975, 68-96. 93. ɑɺɪɧɵɣȼ., ú.a., Ɉɬɱɺɬɨɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɯɫɟɣɫɦɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɪɚɛɨɬɜ 1988 ɝɨɞɭ, ɂȽȽȺɇ ɆɋɋɊ, Ʉɢɲɢɧɺɜ, 1989, 150 ɫ. 94. ɋɬɟɩɚɧɟɧɤɨɇ., Ⱥɥɟɤɫɟɟɜɂ., ɋɢɦɨɧɨɜɚɇ., (2005), Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵɨɱɚɝɨɜɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ȼɪɚɧɱɚ ɩɪɨɢɫɲɟɞɲɢɯ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɣ 30, 31 ɦɚɹ 1990 ɝ., Nɨ.1, ɂȽȽ Ⱥɇ ɆɋɋɊ, 27-34. 95. Sandu I, Zaicenco A, (2008), Focal mechanism for Vrancea area, Harmonization of Seismic Haz. in Vrancea zone, NATO SfP and Sec. Series – C: Springer, 17-46. 96. ɉɭɫɬɨɜɢɬɟɧɤɨȺ., ú.a., (2004), Ʉɪɵɦ, Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹɋɟɜɟɪɧɨɣȿɜɪɚɡɢɢɜ 1998 ɝɨɞɭ, Ɉɛɧɢɧɫɤ: ȽɋɊȺɇ, 36-44. 97. Polonic G., Zugravescu D., Negoita V., (2005), The present-day stress field pattern in the Eastern Carpathian bend area. Rev. roum. Geophys., 49, 3-30. 98. ȾɪɭɦɹȺ., ɋɬɟɩɚɧɟɧɤɨɇ., ɉɨɹɬɚɂ., (1990), ɋɟɣɫɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ, ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɪɟɠɢɦɢ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɨɱɚɝɨɜ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɤɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ. Ʉɚɪɩɚɬɫɤɨɟ ɡɟɦɥɹɬɪɟɫ 1986ɝ, Ʉɢɲɢɧɟɜ: ɒɬɢɢɧɰɚ, ɫ.5-15. Primit la redacĠie –27 decembrie 2013

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CZU 550.34.01 Sandu I., La Mura Ch.

Comparative analysis of Fourier spectra between synthetic seismograms and May 30, 1990 event records in Cahul city area

Abstract The study of soil conditions influence on seismograms recorded in the southern part of the country was carried out according to the relative location on radiation characteristics of source to Cahul city area, with computation of synthetic signals in the range [0-5] Hz. Comparative analysis of synthetic spectra, computed by mean of Modal Summation Method (MSM), for two characteristic structures of this region (with- and without- soft sedimentary layers) show high degree of similarity between soft structure and recorded spectra for May 30, 1990 event. According to spectral analysis, the presence of sedimentary layers amplifies the seismic signal up to 1 degree on MSK scale; the sedimentary layers assumption for modeling the structure of Cahul surroundings is supported by microtremors records maxima corresponding to 0.25 Hz and 0.40 Hz, characteristic both for synthetic and recorded seismograms.

Rezumat Studiul influienĠei condiĠiilor de sol asupra manifestării seismelor în partea de sud a RM a fost efectuată în baza parametrilor caracteristici de amplasament úi emisie a sursei faĠă de or.Cahul, împreună cu definirea semnalului din sursă în banda 0-5Hz. Analiza comparativă a spectrului seismogramei sintetice obĠinută pentru două structuri caracteristice a regiunii (cu- úi făUă- orizonturile sedimentare moi) prezintă un grad înalt de asemănare între structura completă (prezenĠa orizonturilor moi) úi spectrul seismogramei reale, înregistrate la seismul din 30 Mai, 1990. PrezenĠa stratului sedimentar amplifică semnalul seismic cu 1grad (MSK) intensitatea seismică, după analiza spectrală. Aici, veridicitatea modelului de structură cu orizonturi sedimentare moi în partea superioară este confirmată prin înregistrări de microtremure, la care se evidenĠiază maximele de vibraĠie 0.25 úi 0.40 Hz, caracteristice seismogramei sintetice úi reale. Calculul seismogramelor sintetice s-a efectuat în baza metodei analitice a sumării modale - MSM.

Ɋɟɡɸɦɟ ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɢ ɩɨɱɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɸɝɟ Ɋɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɢ Ɇɨɥɞɨɜɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ ɷɦɢɫɫɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɨɱɹɝɚ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɫɬɨɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ (ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ) ɝ. Ʉɚɝɭɥa, ɫɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɵɦɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɦɫɢɝɧɚɥɚɢɡɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚɜɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ 0-5 Ƚɰ. ɋɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɫɢɧɬɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɩɟɤɬɪɨɜ, ɜɵɱɢɫɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɚɦɨɞɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɫɭɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ (ɆɆɋ), ɞɥɹɞɜɭɯɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɯɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɷɬɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ (ɫ- ɢ ɛɟɡ- ɦɹɝɤɢɯ ɨɫɚɞɨɱɧɵɯ ɫɥɨɟɜ) ɱɬɨ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɜɵɫɨɤɭɸ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ h National Institute of Oceanography and Experimental Geophysics; Department of Seismological Research (CRS), Borgo Grotta Gigante 42/C, 34010, Sgonico (TS), Italy (http://www.ogs.trieste.it/en/content/institute)

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ɫɯɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɩɟɤɬɪɨɦ ɦɹɝɤɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ ɢ ɡɚɩɢɫɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɟɤɬɪɚ ɞɥɹ ɡɟɢɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɟ 30 ɦɚɹ 1990. ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɫɩɟɤɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɦɚɧɚɥɢɡɨɦ, ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟɨɫɚɞɨɱɧɵɯɫɥɨɟɜɭɫɢɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɢɝɧɚɥ ɞɨ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɝɪɚɞɭɫɚ ɩɨ ɲɤɚɥɟ MSK; ɨɫɚɞɨɱɧɵɣ ɫɥɨɢ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɵɣ ɞɥɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɨɤɪɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɄɚɝɭɥɚ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɚɩɢɫɹɦɢ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɭɦɨɜ ɜɢɛɪɚɰɢɢ ɩɨɱɜɵ ɤ 0,25 Ƚɰ ɢ 0,40Hz, ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɯɤɚɤɞɥɹɫɢɧɬɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɬɚɤɢɞɥɹɡɚɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɯɫɟɣɫɦɨɝɪɚɦɦ.

Introduction The present paper presents the extension on deterministic seismic analysis for southern Republic of Moldova (RM) performed by Modal Summation Method (MSM) described in details on [1]. The synthetic seismograms in Cahul city area obtained for seismic scenario of May 30, 1990, in the 0-1Hz frequency band, has been extended up to 5Hz with the aim to perform a comparative analysis of the Fourier spectra for two local structures: model A, model C [1], which correspond to the simplified (regional geophysical data) and detailed local structure (geological drilling/borehole data), respectively. The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of the soil conditions of the Cahul city area on the seismic response comparing the spectral content of synthetic seismograms computed with three fixed reference structures.

Initial conditions The synthetic acceleration, velocity, and displacement time series are computed by the analytical MSM. A relatively good accordance for the maximum values of the synthetic accelerograms (at model C) and observed ones has been obtained considering a frequency content up to 1Hz [1]. Source parameters test shows a high stability of the maximum values of the synthetic seismograms, within the 5% [1]. Therefore, the deterministic seismic scenario at May 30, 1990 has been defined by a double-couple point source* with the following values for the parameters: SRE=145º, DIP=63º, RAK=101º, SDE=75km, EDI=95 ± 5km. The models are set by the average values of the characteristic parameters, such as: speed (VP, VS) and quality factor (QP, QS) of the P-, S- wave, the layer’s density and thickness (ȡ, d), as well as the number of the plane layers of each structure. The A model, would be an appropriate approximation of regional structure, only by the tomographic data; the B model models the completing of the top 5km of model A by drilling data of surrounding areas of Cahul city, finally model C is defined as the detailed description of local soil structure in Cahul city up to 1.2km depth by drilling data, added to the B model [1, 2]. Details are given in Table.1 To highlight the contribution of the local soil on the seismic signal the comparison is carried out between synthetics computed propagating the seimic wavefield through models A and C, both in the frequency range 0-1Hz and 0-5Hz.

* SRE strike-receiver azimuth; DIP dip angle; RAK rake angle; SDE source depth; EDI epicentral distance.

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Tabelul 1. Geophysical parameters of A, B, and C models, as deep structure of Cahul city area Nr. of Depth, Thickness, Density, Vp, Vs, 3 Qp Qs Model Structure layers km km g/cm km/s km/s Top structure (from the surface up to 0.5km) 1 0.500 0.500 2.40 2.60 1.50 88 40 A

1 0.575 0.575 2.15 2.80 1.70 110 50 B

1 0.035 0.035 1.85 0.70 0.34 16 7 2 0.105 0.07 2.05 1.60 0.45 24 10 3 0.265 0.16 2.15 1.80 0.60 35 16 C 4 0.395 0.13 2.20 2.00 0.70 47 21 5 0.545 0.15 2.50 2.80 1.50 140 60 Intermediate structure (from 1km and more, up to 9km) 1 0.80 0.30 2.47 2.98 1.72 88 40 2 1.50 0.70 2.55 3.11 1.80 88 40 3 3.00 1.50 2.65 3.93 2.27 150 70 A 4 3.50 0.50 2.65 4.20 2.42 300 150 5 4.00 0.50 2.65 4.80 2.77 300 150 6 6.50 2.50 2.65 5.28 3.05 300 150

1 1.32 0.77 2.35 3.63 2.10 160 70 2 3.10 1.78 2.55 4.28 2.47 210 100 3 4.30 1.20 2.60 4.60 2.73 260 120 B and C 4 5.00 0.70 2.65 5.00 2.95 290 140 5 6.50 1.50 2.65 5.28 3.05 300 150 Deep structure (from 9km and more, up to 350km) 1 9.00 2.50 2.65 5.40 3.12 300 150 2 12.0 3.00 2.70 5.63 3.25 300 150 3 21.0 9.00 2.75 5.89 3.40 300 150 4 25.0 4.00 2.85 6.58 3.80 440 200 5 35.0 10.0 2.95 6.93 4.00 440 200 6 41.0 6.00 3.02 7.41 4.28 440 200 7 90.0 49.0 3.10 7.80 4.50 1.1k 500 A, B and C 8 103 13.0 3.15 8.00 4.62 1.1k 500 9 167 64.0 3.20 8.14 4.70 1.1k 500 10 172 5.00 3.25 7.80 4.50 1.1k 500 11 240 68.0 3.30 7.38 4.26 220 100 12 267 27.0 3.35 7.80 4.50 300 150 13 350 83.0 3.40 8.22 4.75 300 150

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Discussion of results A component view of the acc., vel., displ., amplitude-frequency dependence it is shown in Figure.1 (here, the model A and C are compared in the 0-1Hz frequency range).

Fig.1. The Fourier spectrum of synthetic acceleration, velocity, displacement, seismic signal at Cahul city, for May 30, 1990 event; here, the continue line is model A and the dashed line is model C, in 0-1Hz frequency band.

Fig.2. The H/V spectrum from approx. 4 min records of microtremors in Cahul city [2]; the N-S/V ratio component has the highest values, the E-W/V ratio it is the second component from microtremor data.

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Fig.3. The Fourier spectrum of synthetic acceleration, velocity, displacement, at Cahul city, for May 30, 1990 event; here, the thin line refers to model A, the thick line to model C, and the dashed line to observed data filtered at 0-5Hz. The maximum corresponding to the values f = 0.40Hz shows an amplification due to soft layers in the C model; in the 0-1Hz frequency range, this 0.4Hz is considered characteristic harmonic for geologic structure of model C (Cahul city) for displacement and velocity components (Figure.1), which has been confirmed also by microtremor records of about 4min (the H/V ratio have a series of maximum values: 0.25, 0.40, 0.55, 0.70-0.80, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0Hz; see Figure.2). In 0-1Hz frequency band computations the amplification at 0.25Hz of displacement vertical component is identified in Cahul city area (Figure.1). Making use of the MSM, synthetic seismograms with frequency content up to 5Hz was computed for Cahul city area and the same scenario. Here, it is shown a good correlation between the synthetic Fourier spectra computed for model C records (velocity components), especially, caused by the soft sedimentary layers presence on the top of the structure; the displ. component is less iinteresting because of the small amplitue values (but it is good to stress that it shows a maximum at 0.25Hz frequency, which can be recognized also in velocity, acceleration, spectra for both A and C structure models). Synthetic seismograms at 0-5Hz are shown in Figure.4, the seismic signal arrives at approx. 32s, this value is consistent with observed statistic data (arriving time for P and S wave at KGL (Cahul) seismic station, is reported by ISC for Vrancea earthquakes) [43]. Due to the geometry of the station, the synthetic transverse component (t) is as N-S orientation, radial component (r) is as W-E orientation; all synthetic seismogram’s components are compared with the eismic records†.

† The working band 0.6-35Hz of the seismometer allows the seismic signal record with K•90% ratio.

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Fig.4. Comparison among synthetic velocities and records in Cahul city, on May 30, 1990 seismic event: model A (thin line), model C (thick line) and record (dashed line). The records have been filterd up to 5Hz with the SeismoSignal software. The recorded seismogram has different horizontal component orientation according to the geographical ones, the accelerometer being adjusted by the sides of the building on which has been placed (the major horizontal axes are rotated clockwise by approx. 16º); at component value compare of the results it applies the analythical relations for rotation of the coordinate system in the horizontal plane as well as filtering the low frequency for synthetic seismogram and real seismogram (the frequency band [0; 0.2]Hz corresponds to periods greather than 5s) to ensure the validity of the condition of far field approximation (EDI>>Ȝ), as requested in the case of point source approximation. According the dynamic parametrs of soil movement values (acceleration, velocity, displacement) and the seismic manifestation at the source (seismic impact, or the seismic intensity) relationship, the maximum value for acceleration components on May 30, 1990 seismic scenario corresponds to the macroseismic intensity scale I§8º according (MSK-64, MSK-77 [5, 54]); the application of acceleration values is restricted at frequency band 0-5Hz for the MSK scale, and the use of velocity is suggested. Therefore, the maximum velocity values converted to intensity scale (MSK-64, MSK-77) estimates ,§7º for the model C and instrumental records that are consistent with macroseismic data [17], unlike the velocity values of A model showing a lower values for seismic intensity (1º less, 100% less from max. velocity of model C). The advantage of MSM application for RM territory is that it allows to perform many analyses on the territory, i.e. deterministic hazard estimation of the area, in a wide variety of frequency ranges, e.g. 0-1Hz or 1-10Hz, further the MSM can be helpfull in modelling seismic wavefiled propagation both in 2D and 3D structures.

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Conclusions The Fourier analysis of synthetic and observed seismograms of Cahul city region, in both [0-1]Hz and [0-5]Hz frequency ranges, shows a significant amplification for local structure models, i.e. with soft sedimentary layers, versus the computations with regional structure model, i.e. without topmost soft layers, for the same seismic scenario of May 30, 1990 event. The goodness of the model showing sedimentary layers is confirmed by the H/V ratio of microtremor Fourier spectra, and by the similarity between recorded and computed seismograms ([0-5]Hz frequency range on velocity component).

Acknowledgements The authors sincerely thank Dr. Cioflan O.C. (NIEP) for software use suggestions (SeismoSignal) to process seismograms, also, to Professor Alcaz V., and collaborator of IGS Isiciko E., for useful suggestions at data processing. Professor G.F. Panza (University of Trieste – Department of Mathematics and Geosciences, ICTP) is deeply aknowledged for precious suggestions and contributions both for the usage of the softwares related to MSM computations and for provided funds from STEP program: in its framework part of such research activuty has been carried out.

Bibliografie 1. Sandu I., La Mura C., Panza G.F., Alcaz V., (2012), The parametric test of Vrancea source influence on local seismic response for Cahul city area: case study - 30 May, 1990 event. Buletunul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al Academiei de ùtiinĠe din Moldova, Nr.1, Chiúinău, 33-46. 2. Sandu I., (2010), Modelul geofizic al regiunii oraú. Cahul, profilul Cahul-Taraclia. Buletunul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al Academiei de ùtiinĠe din Moldova, Nr.2, Chiúinău, 63-73. 3. Ɉɬɱɺɬ ɂȽɋ ȺɇɆ: ɋɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɦɢɤɪɨɪɚɣɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪ. ɝɄɚɝɭɥɚ ɝɥɚɜɚ 4), Ʉɢɲɢɧɺɜ, 2013. 4. Sandu I., Ionescu C., Alcaz V., Marmureanu Al., (2013), Sistemul de alarmare seismică rapidă (SASR) pentru teritoriul Republicii Moldova: timp de alarmă úi aspecte de procesare, Buletunul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al Academiei de ùtiinĠe din Moldova, Nr.1, Chiúinău, 53-65. 5. ȾɪɭɦɹȺ., ɒɟɛɚɥɢɧɇ., Ɂɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ: Ƚɞɟ, ɤɨɝɞɚ, ɩɨɱɟɦɭ? Ʉɢɲɢɧɟɜ: ɒɬɢɢɧɰɚ, 1985, 193ɫ. 6. Radulian M., Vaccari F., Mandrescu N, Panza G.F., Moldoveanu C., (2000), Seismic hazard of Romania: A deterministic approach, In “Seismic Hazard of the Circum- Pannonian Region”, Pure and Applied Geophysics, 157, Basel: Birkhauser Verlag, 221-247. 7. ȾɪɭɦɹȺ., ɋɬɟɩɚɧɟɧɤɨɇ., ɋɢɦɨɧɨɜɚɇ., Ⱥɥɟɤɫɟɟɜɂ., Ʉɚɪɞɚɧɟɰȼ., Ⱥɬɥɚɫɤɚɪɬ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢɡɟɦɥɟɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣɆɨɥɞɨɜɵ (XVIII-XXIɜɜ), Ʉɢɲɢɧɟɜ 2009, 154ɫ. Primit la redacĠie –27 decembrie 2013

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ɍȾɄ: 691.328.5:66.022.1 ȻɨɥɨɬɢɧɈȺ., ɋɚɦɨɯɜɚɥɨɜɇɂ., ɂɜɚɧɨɜȼȾ.1, ɄɨɜɚɥɶɤɨɜɆɂ.2,ȻɪɚɞɭȺɇ.3, ɀɨɫɚɧȼȽ.3

ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟɦɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɵɯɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɨɜɧɚ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɟɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢɤɟɪɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɤɢɪɩɢɱɚ

Abstract The possibility of modifying of clay minerals (used in the ceramic bricks production) by application of the non ionizing electromagnetic fields has been studied. As a result, the change of structure of the clay mineral has been observed, and the transformation of bound water on the surface of activated montmorillonitehas has been established. Finally, brick hardness has been increased.

Rezumat A fost studiată posibilitatea modificării mineralelor argiloase utilizate la fabricarea FăUămizii ceramice prin aplicarea câmpului electromagnetic neionizat. În consecinĠă, a fost stabilita modificarea structurii mineralelor argiloase úi transformarea apei superficiale a montmorilloniului activat. În rezultat a crescut rezistenĠa căUămizii ceramice.

Ɋɟɡɸɦɟ ɂɡɭɱɟɧɚ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɥɹɦɢ ɧɟɢɨɧɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɵ ɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɵɯ ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɨɜ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɯ ɜ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟ ɤɟɪɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɢɪɩɢɱɚ. ȼɵɹɜɥɟɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɵɯ ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɨɜ ɢ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɜɨɞɵ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɧɬɦɨɪɢɥɥɨɧɢɬɚ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢɜɟɥɨɤɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɸɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɢɤɢɪɩɢɱɚ.

ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɤɢɪɩɢɱɚ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɜ ɫɟɛɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɵɯ ɫɦɟɫɟɣ, ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɢɪɩɢɱɚɫɵɪɰɚ, ɫɭɲɤɭ ɢ ɨɛɠɢɝ. ɋɵɪɶɟɦɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚɤɪɚɫɧɨɝɨ ɤɟɪɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɢɪɩɢɱɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɝɥɢɧɚ, ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɜɨ ɦɧɨɝɨɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɤɢɪɩɢɱɚ. Ɍɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɪɟɠɢɦɵ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɫɭɲɤɢ ɢ ɨɛɠɢɝɚ ɫɵɪɰɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜɥɢɹɸɬ ɧɚ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɜɵɩɭɫɤɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɤɟɪɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɤɢɪɩɢɱɚ. Ⱦɥɹ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɟɪɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɢɪɩɢɱɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ [1, 2]: ɩɨɞɛɨɪ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɨɛɠɢɝɚ, ɞɨɛɚɜɤɢ ɡɨɥɨɲɥɚɤɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɯɨɞɨɜ, ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɦɭɸ ɦɚɫɫɭ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɤɨɚɝɭɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɢ,

1 S.R.L. "ERMIS FIRST" 2ɇɉɈ "ɗɤɪɚɧȽɪɭɩɩ" 3 S.A. CMC "ɆȺɄɈɇ

102 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɤɚɤ ɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ, ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɢ ɤɪɢɫɬɚɥɥɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ ɫ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɦɢ. Ⱦɥɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɚ ɤɨɚɝɭɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɤɟɪɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦɚɫɫ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ: ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɫɬɟɩɟɧɢɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɧɨɫɬɢɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ, ɲɢɯɬɨɜɚɧɢɟ, ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɧɨɣ ɮɚɡɵ, ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɧɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɢɰ ɫ ɜɨɞɨɣ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɞɨɛɚɜɤɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɥɢɬɨɜ, ɉȺȼ. Ɇɟɯɚɧɨ- ɢ ɦɟɯɚɧɨɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɹ ɝɥɢɧ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɸ, ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɸɢɫɨɫɬɚɜɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɵɯɱɚɫɬɢɰ, ɭɥɭɱɲɚɬɶɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɮɨɪɦɨɜɨɱɧɵɯɫɦɟɫɟɣɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɦɟɫɟɣ ɧɚ 15-25% ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɡɟɪɧɨɜɨɝɨɧɚɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɹ [3].

Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵɢɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɉɪɢ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟ ɤɪɚɫɧɨɝɨ ɤɟɪɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɢɪɩɢɱɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɝɥɢɧɚ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹɫ. Ɇɢɤɚɭɰɵɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɝɨɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɫɨɫɬɚɜɚɜ %: SiO2 – 52,7, (CaO+ MgO) – 9,63, Al2O3, TiO – 17,02, Fe2O3 – 8,73, S – 0,15%. ɏɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɛɵɥ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɟɣ ”IMMACOMPROECT”. ɒɢɯɬɚ ɞɥɹ ɤɢɪɩɢɱɚɫɵɪɰɚ ɢɡɝɨɬɚɜɥɢɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɲɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɝɥɢɧɵ ɢ ɩɟɫɤɚ ɧɚɬɭɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɪɟɱɧɨɝɨ. Ɉɛɪɚɡɰɵ, ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ, ɫɧɢɦɚɥɢɫɶ ɫ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɢɪɩɢɱɚɫɵɪɰɚ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɮɨɪɦɨɜɚɧɢɹ. Ⱦɚɥɟɟ ɨɧɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɵ: ɨɞɧɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɝɢɛɤɢɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɬɨɪ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɥɟɣ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɵɯɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɵɯ ɧɟɢɨɧɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɢɡɥɭɱɟɧɢɣ) [4,5,6,7] ɢ ɜɵɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɥɢɫɶɜɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ 24 ɱɚɫɨɜ, ɞɪɭɝɢɟ, ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɵɟ, ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɥɢɫɶɪɹɞɨɦ. ɂ ɬɟ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɚɥɢɫɶ ɟɫɬɟɫɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɭɲɤɟ ɧɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɟ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɟɫɬɟɫɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɭɲɤɢɨɛɪɚɡɰɵɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɥɢɫɶɧɚɩɟɱɧɭɸɜɚɝɨɧɟɬɤɭ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹɡɚɤɚɬɵɜɚɥɚɫɶɜɩɟɱɶ, ɝɞɟ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɚɥɚɫɶ ɨɬɠɢɝɭ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɚ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ. Ɉɬɨɠɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɤɢɪɩɢɱɢ ɢɫɩɵɬɵɜɚɥɢ ɜ ɚɤɤɪɟɞɢɬɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɢ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ SMGOST530:2008 ɩɪɢ 210ɋɢɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɢɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ 73%.

Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵɢɨɛɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɐɟɥɶ ɧɚɲɟɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɥɚɫɶ ɜ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɥɟɣ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɵɯ) ɧɚ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɟɪɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɢɪɩɢɱɚ, ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɢɡ ɝɥɢɧɫɚɪɦɚɬɫɤɢɯɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣɐɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣɱɚɫɬɢɆɨɥɞɨɜɵ (c. Ɇɢɤɷɭɰɶ). Ɇɢɧɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɝɥɢɧ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɢɦɢɤɬɨɜɵɦ. Ɉɧ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɵɦɢɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɚɦɢɫɨɛɳɢɦɪɟɮɥɟɤɫɨɦ 0,447 ɧɦɢɛɚɡɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ 1,42 ɧɦ ɢ 1,01ɧɦ. ɇɚɪɹɞɭ ɫ ɧɢɦɢ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɈɄɌɮɚɡɚ ɤɜɚɡɢɤɪɢɫɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɮɨɪɦɚɤɪɟɦɧɟɡɟɦɚ) ɫɪɟɮɥɟɤɫɨɦ 0,403 ɧɦ. Ɉɬɦɟɱɚɟɬɫɹɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɫɶɤɜɚɪɰɚ – 0,424 ɧɦɢ 0,334 ɧɦɢɩɨɥɟɜɨɝɨɲɩɚɬɚ – 0,318 ɧɦ (Ɋɢɫ. 1ɚ). Ƚɥɢɧɢɫɬɵɟ ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɵ ɜ ɜɚɥɨɜɨɣ ɩɪɨɛɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɨ. ɍɬɨɱɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚɷɬɢɯɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɨɜ ɢ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɧɢɦɢɨɰɟɧɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨɣɫɴɟɦɤɟɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɨɜ (Ɋɢɫ. 1 b, c, d). ɇɚ ɞɢɮɪɚɤɬɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɨɫɭɯɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɚ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɟɮɥɟɤɫɚ 0,158 ɧɦ Ɋɢɫ. 1 b) ɧɚɦɧɨɝɨɜɵɲɟ, ɱɟɦɪɟɮɥɟɤɫ 1,42 ɧɦ (Ɋɢɫ. 1 ɚ) ɞɥɹɩɨɪɨɲɤɨɜɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɛɚɡɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɚ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɧɨɟ ɢ ɩɨɝɥɨɳɚɟɬ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢ 1,42 ɧɦ, ɱɬɨ, ɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɨ, ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬ ɨ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɨɫɥɨɢɫɬɨɫɬɢ ɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɨɣ ɮɪɚɤɰɢɢ. Ɋɟɮɥɟɤɫɵ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ 0,100 – 0,101 ɧɦ ɢ 0,714 ɧɦ ɬɚɤɠɟ

103 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɭɫɢɥɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɤ ɝɢɞɪɨɫɥɸɞɟ ɢ ɤɚɨɥɢɧɢɬɭ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɹ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɨɜ ɝɥɢɰɟɪɢɧɨɦ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ 0,158 ɧɦ ɫɦɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɦɚɥɵɯ ɭɝɥɨɜ – ɞɨ 0,179 ɧɦ ɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɟɪɢɹ ɤɪɚɬɧɵɯ ɟɦɭ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɣ – 0,99 ɧɦ ɢɩɨɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɥɚɛɵɟ ɪɟɮɥɟɤɫɵ 0,59 ɧɦ, 0,445 ɧɦ, 0,354 ɧɦ Ɋɢɫ. 1 ɫ). ɗɬɨɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬɨɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨɪɚɡɛɭɯɚɸɳɢɣɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɵɣɦɢɧɟɪɚɥ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɦɨɧɬɦɨɪɢɥɥɨɧɢɬɨɦ. ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɟɝɨɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ 28%. Ɉɛɳɟɟɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɵɯ ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɨɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ 66,7%, ɤɚɥɶɰɢɬɚ 20%, ɤɜɚɪɰɚ – 16,3, ɩɨɥɟɜɨɝɨ ɲɩɚɬɚ 5,6% ɢ ɞɨɥɨɦɢɬɚ – 7,4%. ɉɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɹɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɟ ɝɥɢɧɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɤɚɨɥɢɧɢɬɚ, ɚɧɟɯɥɨɪɢɬɚ, ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟɪɟɮɥɟɤɫɚ 0,353 ɧɦɧɚɞɢɮɪɚɤɬɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɚ, ɩɪɨɤɚɥɟɧɧɨɝɨɩɪɢ 6000ɋɜɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ 2 ɱɚɫɨɜ (Ɋɢɫ. 1 d). a b

c d

Ɋɢɫ.1. ȾɢɮɪɚɤɬɨɝɪɚɦɦɵɤɢɪɩɢɱɧɵɯɝɥɢɧɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣɱɚɫɬɢɆɨɥɞɨɜɵ. a) ɩɨɪɨɲɨɤ; b) ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɣɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬ; c) ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɧɵɣɝɥɢɰɟɪɢɧɨɦ; d) ɩɪɨɤɚɥɟɧɧɵɣɩɪɢ 600 ºɋ.

104 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

Ɋɟɧɬɝɟɧɨɮɚɡɨɜɵɣɚɧɚɥɢɡɝɥɢɧ, ɦɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯɫɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɝɢɛɤɢɯ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɬɨɪɨɜɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɩɨɥɟɣ [4,6] ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥ, ɱɬɨɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɫɨɫɬɚɜɝɥɢɧ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɯɢɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯɧɟɢɡɦɟɧɢɥɫɹ (Ɋɢɫ. 2 ɚ, b, ɫ, d). a b

c d

Ɋɢɫ.2. Ⱦɢɮɪɚɤɬɨɝɪɚɦɦɵɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯɤɢɪɩɢɱɧɵɯɝɥɢɧ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣɱɚɫɬɢɆɨɥɞɨɜɵ. a) ɩɨɪɨɲɨɤ; b) ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɣɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬ; c) ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɧɵɣɝɥɢɰɟɪɢɧɨɦ; d) ɩɪɨɤɚɥɟɧɧɵɣɩɪɢ 600 ºɋ.

ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɤɪɢɫɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɝɥɢɧ ɩɪɨɫɥɟɠɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɸ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɢɤɨɜ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɪɚɫɳɟɩɥɟɧɢɸ ɛɚɡɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɣ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɨɜ (Ɋɢɫ. 2 ɛ) 1,48 ɧɦɢ 1,54 ɧɦ. Ⱥɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɨɜ, ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɧɵɯ ɝɥɢɰɟɪɢɧɨɦ, ɪɚɫɳɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɛɚɡɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɟɮɥɟɤɫɨɜ ɧɚ 1,79 ɧɦ ɢ 1,98 ɧɦ (Ɋɢɫ. 2 ɫ). Ⱦɥɹ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɨɜ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɝɥɢɧ, ɩɪɨɤɚɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɢ 6000ɋ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ 2 ɱɚɫɨɜ, ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɨ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟɪɟɮɥɟɤɫɨɜɤɜɚɪɰɚ – 0,333 ɧɦɢ 0,424 ɧɦ.

105 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɇɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɦɨɟɧɚɦɢɪɚɫɳɟɩɥɟɧɢɟɛɚɡɚɥɶɧɵɯɪɟɮɥɟɤɫɨɜɞɥɹɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɨɜ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɝɥɢɧ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɦ ɦɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɢɫɩɟɪɝɚɰɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɢɰ ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɚ ɦɨɧɬɦɨɪɢɥɥɨɧɢɬɚ. Ʉɚɤ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ [8] ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɞɢɫɩɟɪɝɚɰɢɢ ɱɚɫɬɢɰ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɨɛɳɭɸ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɵɯɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɨɜ. ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɜɨɞɚ, ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɚɹɫɹ ɜ ɦɟɠɫɥɨɟɜɨɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɧɬɦɨɪɢɥɥɨɧɢɬɚ, ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɟɬɟɪɩɟɜɚɟɬɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ, ɤɚɤɷɬɨ ɜɢɞɧɨ ɢɡ ɞɢɮɪɚɤɬɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ (ɪɚɫɳɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ ɛɚɡɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ) (Ɋɢɫ. 2 ɛ). Ⱦɥɹ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɚɤɬɚ ɛɵɥ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬ ɩɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ ɧɚ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɵ ɜɨɞɵ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɥɟɣ (ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɵɯ) ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɝɢɛɤɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɬɨɪɚ [4,5,6,7]. Ɍɚɤ, ɟɫɥɢ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɚɹ ɜɨɞɚ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɧɨɳɟɥɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɜɧɨɜɟɫɢɹ (Sɇ) ɪɚɜɧɵɦɢ 7,6, ɨɤɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ (Ɉȼɉ) ɪɚɜɧɵɦɢ 280 mȼ, ɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ (ɇ) ɪɚɜɧɵɦɢ 415 mks, ɬɨ ɜɨɞɚ, ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ (ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ) ɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɢɪɭɟɬ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɢɯɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ, ɚɢɦɟɧɧɨ Sɇ – 8,0, dH – 280 mȼɢ Ȝ – 430 mks. Ȼɵɥɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɵ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɢ S.A. CMC "MACON" ɩɨ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɸ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɥɟɣ (ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɵɯ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɞɨ 30 ȽȽɰ) ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɝɢɛɤɢɯ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɬɨɪɨɜ [4, 5, 6] ɧɚ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɟɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢɤɟɪɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɤɢɪɩɢɱɚ. ȼɬɚɛɥɢɰɟɧɢɠɟɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɤɢɪɩɢɱɚɫɵɪɰɚ. Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ɇɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɇɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ ɇɨɪɦɚ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɧɚ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɧɚ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɣ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɟɢɡ 3-ɯ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɦɭ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɹ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɣ), ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɭ, Ɇɉɚ Ɇɉɚ Ʉɢɪɩɢɱ-ɫɵɪɟɰɄɈɊɉɨ 12,71 205ɏ100ɏ50 ɦɦ 14,46 ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɣ) 13,12 13,43 SM GOST GOST 8462-85 ɦɚɪɤɚ 125) 12,5 ɉɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ 530:2008 ɩ. 5.3.3 Ʉɢɪɩɢɱ-ɫɵɪɟɰɄɈɊɉɨ 15,74 ɦɚɪɤɚ 125) ɬɚɛ.6 205ɏ100ɏ50 ɦɦ 15,54 ɦɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ) 15,95 15,74 ɦɚɪɤɚ 150) ɉɪɢɦ. ɍɫɥɨɜɢɹ - ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ 21,40ɋ, ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɶɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ 73%.

Ʉɚɤɜɢɞɧɨɢɡɬɚɛɥɢɰɵ, ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɹɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɵɯɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɨɜ, ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɜɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɤɢɪɩɢɱɚɫɵɪɰɚɫɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɝɢɛɤɢɯɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɬɨɪɨɜɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɵɯɩɨɥɟɣ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɦɚɪɤɢ ɝɨɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɚɹ ɜɨɞɚ ɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɨɝɨ ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɚ ɦɨɧɬɦɨɪɢɥɥɨɧɢɬɚ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɮɢɰɢɪɭɟɬɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɞɢɫɩɟɪɝɚɰɢɢɬɨɧɤɢɯɱɚɫɬɢɰɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɵɦ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɦɢɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɸɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɢɤɢɪɩɢɱɚ. ɉɪɟɞɟɥɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɢɩɪɢɫɠɚɬɢɢɭɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ (ɩɪɨɛɚ 2) ɧɚ 17,2% ɜɵɲɟ, ɱɟɦɭɧɟɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ (ɩɪɨɛɚ 1). Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɟɪɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɢɪɩɢɱɚ, ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬɨɛɴɹɫɧɢɬɶɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɨɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɦɢɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɨɝɨɫɵɪɶɹ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɵɯ ɩɨɥɟɣ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɜɨɞɵ ɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɵɯ ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɨɜ ɲɢɯɬɵ, ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɮɢɰɢɪɭɸɳɢɦ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɞɢɫɩɟɪɝɚɰɢɢ ɬɨɧɤɢɯ ɱɚɫɬɢɰ ɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬ

106 Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, N2, 2013

ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɤɢɧɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɦɵɯ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɢ ɨɛɴɟɦɧɵɯ ɚɝɥɨɦɟɪɚɬɨɜɝɢɞɪɚɬɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɨɜɡɚɪɹɞɚɬɜɟɪɞɵɯɱɚɫɬɢɰ, ɱɬɨɜɢɬɨɝɟɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬɶ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɢɪɩɢɱɚ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ. ɉɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ: ɨɬɤɚɡ ɨɬ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɞɨɛɚɜɨɤɢɭɫɤɨɪɢɬɟɥɟɣɬɜɟɪɞɟɧɢɹ.

ȼɵɜɨɞɵ 1. ȼɵɹɜɥɟɧɵ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɵɯ ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɨɜ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɜɨɞɵɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨɦɨɧɬɦɨɪɢɥɥɨɧɢɬɚ. 2. ɉɨɤɚɡɚɧɚ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɥɹɦɢ ɧɟɢɨɧɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɟɣɩɪɢɪɨɞɵɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɵɯɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɨɜ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɯɜ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟ ɤɟɪɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɢɪɩɢɱɚ, ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɳɚɹ ɤ ɞɢɫɩɟɪɝɚɰɢɢ ɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɢɰ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɸɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɢɢɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɸɦɚɪɤɢɤɢɪɩɢɱɚɫ 125 ɞɨ 150.

Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ 1. ɌɟɥɸɳɟɧɤɨɂɎ., Ɉɝɨɪɨɞɧɢɤɂȼ., ɄɪɭɩɚȺȺ. Ȼɢɨɩɥɚɫɬ - ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɚɹɞɨɛɚɜɤɚɞɥɹ ɤɟɪɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɦɚɫɫ //ɋɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵɢɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ .- 2003. - ʋ1. - ɋ.11 - 13. 2. Ɋɟɛɢɧɞɟɪ ɉȺ. Ɉɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ. Ʉɮɢɡɢɤɨɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɤɟ ɫɢɥɢɤɚɬɧɵɯ ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɣ // ɀɭɪɧɚɥ ȼɫɟɫɨɸɡɧɨɝɨ ɏɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚɢɦ. ȾɂɆɟɧɞɟɥɟɟɜɚ. – Ɍ. ɍɒ. – 1963. - ʋ 2. – ɋ. 162 – 171. 3. Ʌɟɫɢɜ ȿ. Ɇ. Ɇɟɯɚɧɨɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɹ ɤɚɨɥɢɧɨɜɵɯ ɢ ɛɟɧɬɨɧɢɬɨɜɵɯ ɝɥɢɧ ɞɥɹ ɮɨɪɦɨɜɨɱɧɵɯ ɫɦɟɫɟɣ ɢ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɪɢɝɚɪɧɵɯ ɤɪɚɫɨɤ. Ⱦɢɫɫɟɪɬɚɰɢɹ ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɚ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɧɚɭɤ: 05.16.04 – Ʉɪɚɫɧɨɹɪɫɤ, 2007. – 140 ɫ. ɊȽȻɈȾ, 6107-5/1869. 4. Ivanov V., Doroshenko E., Jusico A., Georgios F. SubstanĠă de protecĠie contra radiaĠiei, neonizante, procedeu de obĠinere a ei úi dispozitiv de protecĠie cu aplicare acesteia. MD-BOPI 5/2013 p. 18 – 20. 5. Kovalcov M. I., Ivanov V. D. SubstanĠă de protecĠie contra radiaĠiei neonizante úi procedeu de obĠinere a ei. MD – BOPI 1/2006 p. 45-46. 6. ȻɨɥɨɬɢɧɈȺ., ɋɚɦɨɯɜɚɥɨɜɇɂ., ɂɜɚɧɨɜȼȾ., ȻɪɚɞɭȺɇ., ɀɨɫɚɧȼȽ. ɍɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɢɛɟɬɨɧɧɵɯɢɡɞɟɥɢɣɩɭɬɟɦɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɜɨɞɵɡɚɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɹ. Buletinul Institutului de Geologie úi Seismologie al AùM, 2012, ʋ 2, 104 – 109. 7. ɒɚɦɢɫ ȿȿ., ɏɨɧɞɚɟɜɚ Ɇɂ., ɂɜɚɧɨɜ ȼȾ. Ɍɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɮɨɪɦɨɜɨɱɧɵɯɫɦɟɫɟɣ. ɀȻɂɢɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ. 2012. ʋ 2. 8. ɉɪɨɧɢɧɚ Ⱥȼ., ɒɚɩɨɜɚɥɨɜ ɇȺ., Ʌɚɬɵɩɨɜɚ ɆɆ. Ɇɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɵɯ ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɨɜ ɫ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɦ ɦɨɧɬɦɨɪɢɥɥɨɧɢɬɚ ɜ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɦɩɨɥɟɜɵɫɨɤɨɣɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ // ɋɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟɧɚɭɤɨɟɦɤɢɟɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ – 2011. - ʋ 1. – ɋɬɪ. 135 – 136. Primit la redacĠie –17 decembrie 2013

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