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Radio Sam Svoj Seljaàki I Kovaàki Posao

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Radio Sam Svoj Seljaàki I Kovaàki Posao –uro Zatezalo “Radio sam svoj seljaËki i kovaËki posao” SVJEDO»ANSTVA GENOCIDA . –uro Zatezalo “Radio sam svoj seljaËki i kovaËki posao” SvjedoËanstva genocida Srpsko kulturno druπtvo “Prosvjeta” Zagreb, 2005. skd “Prosvjeta” biblioteka Historijska istraæivanja –uro Zatezalo “Radio sam svoj seljaËki i kovaËki posao” svjedoËanstva genocida urednik »edomir ViπnjiÊ Izdano uz ∫nansijsku pomoÊ Savjeta za nacionalne manjine Vlade Republike Hrvatske CIP - Katalogizacija u publikaciji Nacionalna i sveuËiliπna knjiænica - Zagreb UDK 341.485(497.5=163.41) “1941/1945” 323.14(497.5) “1941/1945” 355.1-058.65(497.5=163.41) “1941/1945” ZATEZALO, –uro Radio sam svoj seljaËki i kovaËki posao : svjedoËanstva genocida / –uro Zatezalo. - Zagreb : Srpsko kulturno druπtvo “Prosvjeta”, 2005. - (Biblioteka Historijska istraæivanja) ISBN 953-6627-79-5 I. Genocid — Srbi — NDH II. Srbi — Hrvatska — 1941.-1945. III. Srbi — Ratne ærtve — 1941.-1945. IV. Drugi svjetski rat — Genocid — Hrvatska V. Nezavisna Dræava Hrvatska — Srbi — Genocid 450913107 “Radio sam svoj seljaËki i kovaËki posao” Predgovor — 9 SvjedoËanstva — 14 Prilozi — 360 . “Ako æivi obraza ne madu, Ako æivi za pravdu ne znadu, Pokojni Êe grobove otvoriti I na mrtva usta govoriti...” Ognjeslav UtjeπenoviÊ Ostroæinski “UskrsnuÊe JelaËiÊa Bana” Zagreb, 1866. Predgovor 9 SvjedoËanstva izbjeglih od smrti samo su dio istine preæivje- lih svjedoka o tome πto se sve dogaalo i na koje se sve naËine muËeniËki stradalo i umiralo. Mnogi su ranjeni umrli, a da nitko nije zapisao njihove patnje. Zbog toga su mnoge istine o ozakonjenim ustaπkim zloËini- ma ostale nedoreËene ili preπuÊivane, i zbog onoga ∞ nije joπ vri- jeme, treba distanca od 50 godina, treba saËekati, to bi vrijealo osjeÊaje naroda kome su ustaπe pripadale. Naljutit Êe se prijatelji, ali i neprijatelji sa kojima u buduÊnosti mislimo da budemo pri- jatelji. Sve to zlo neka Ëeka bolje prilike. Ne treba prikupljati, zapi- sivati i objavljivati o tim uæasnim ustaπkim zloËinima, Ëemu evi- dentirati masovne grobnice, stratiπta, otkrivati bezdane jame, ekshumirati iz njih ærtve. Bolje je da one u miru poËivaju tamo gdje jesu i tome sliËno. ©utnjom se prikrivalo mnogo toga. ∆utalo se sve pod izgovo- rom da bi sve to smetalo bratstvu i jedinstvu naπih naroda i narod- nosti. Da se o zloËinima nije Êutalo, da su socijalistiËke vlasti Hrvat- ske kroz za to nadleæne institucije na vrijeme i organizirano priku- pljale podatke, dokumente, sjeÊanja preæivjelih, da nisu pre- πuÊivale uniπtavanje i ono malo saËuvane i postojeÊe grae, veÊ da su struËno i nauËno prikazivale istinu, sigurno se zloËini ne bi ponovili. Ovako su za potomke poklanih 1941-1945. godine i ærtve njihovih najmilijih bili per∫dniji i joπ krvaviji. Srpska naselja su gotovo nestala. KuÊe i gospodarske zgrade opljaËkane, velikim di- 10 jelom spaljene ili naseljene Hrvatima i ne samo izbjeglicama, nego i iz gradova i naselja Hrvatske gdje nije bilo nikakvih sukoba niti borbi. Od 1991. do 2000. godine, poruπena su i skromno podignu- ta spomen-obiljeæja ærtvama iz vremena Nezavisne Dræave Hrvat- ske. Nestala su tako i njihova imena ∞ po drugi puta su ubijeni. Tako i na mjestu Srpske pravoslavne crkve Roenja Bogorodice (1826) u Glini gdje su ustaπe krajem jula 1941, poklale 1564 Srbina bio je podignut Spomen-dom a ispred njega spomen-ploËe s ime- nima ærtava. 25, 26. i 27. septembra 1995. godine spomen-ploËe su razbijene i uklonjene, a umjesto ranijeg naziva Spomen-dom ∞ ispisano je Hrvatski dom. Ovim sadræajem htio sam da budem uz neduæne ærtve i sve one koji nisu mogli da ispriËaju svoju grozomornu istinu kako su se i na kakve bestijalne naËine rastajali sa svojim æivotima. Dok sam prikupljao i zapisivao ova svjedoËanstva, a posebno sada kada sam ih ponovo nakon 63 godine od vremena izvrπenja toga genocida Ëitao i pripremao za njihovo predoËenje danaπnjim i buduÊim generacijama, nisam se osjeÊao ni kroniËarom ni his- toriËarom. Ova svjedoËanstva ne ostavljaju nikakve dileme πta je tko ra- dio i kakvu je ulogu imao u zloËinu. Ona precizno optuæuju zloËin- ca, objelodanjuju mu ime koje je ovdje utisnuto. Potpisao se pu- nim imenom i prezimenom ∞ neizbrisivo. Muπkarci, æene i djeca klani su noæevima, ubijani sjekirama, ËekiÊima i maljevima, strijeljani u Ëelo ili potiljak, peËeni u vatri, spaljivani u vlastitim kuÊama povezani æicom ili lancima, bacani u bezdane jame, u jame koje su si sami morali iskopati prije straπne smrti, strmoglavljivani u morske dubine, u rijeke, vjeπani i satira- ni batinama, glau i æeu… i tko da izbroji! ZloËini genocida predstavljaju najteæe zloËine protiv ËovjeË- nosti i meunarodnog prava. Genocid ustaπa Nezavisne Dræave Hrvatske, 1941-1945. predstavlja zloËin sa predumiπljajem, progra- mirani zloËin. Genocid nad djecom, tek doπlom na svijet iz majËine utrobe, predstavlja najteæi meu najteæim zloËinima protiv ËovjeËnosti i meunarodnog prava zasnovanog na zakonu. 11 Nezavisna Dræava Hrvatska bila je jedina dræava u svijetu koja je imala koncentracione logore za djecu ∞ od kolijevke do 14. godi- ne æivota. Postoji imenom i prezimenom popis 19.432 djeteta umorena na najokrutniji naËin u ustaπkom logoru Jasenovac, 7.000 u logoru Sisak i u jamama samo na Kordunu: 6.677 djeËaka i djevoj- Ëica. Dani u godinama 1941-1945. bili su straviËni i krvavi. Nikada toliko suza, hajki, patnji i ljudske nevine krvi po dolinama i bre- æuljcima, mrazu, snijegu, vijavici i ledu. Oni koji sluËajem pre- æivjeπe, utkaπe u psihu teπke uspomene, urezaπe doæivotne brazde i sjeÊanja. To vrijeme Êe se vjeËno pamtiti kada su majke i bake nosile u naruËju tek roenu djecu, ostavljale ih u spiljama, πupljim bukva- ma, u dubokim dolinama, kanjonima rijeka i sa zvijerima leæaj di- jelile, a od zvijeri u ljudskoj spodobi spaπavale svoje i svoje djece gole æivote. To vrijeme Êe se vjeËno pamtiti po zlim domiπljajima da se istri- jebi cijeli jedan narod. Nauka je joπ uvijek ostala duæna da rasvijetli i objasni odakle i iz kojih bestijalnih pretinaca i sklopova ljudske podsvijesti potiËu naËini muËenja i zloËinaËka praksa primijenjena protiv srpskog naroda u Drugom svjetskom ratu. Tko je mogao u Srpskoj pravoslavnoj crkvi u Sadilovcu, na Kor- dunu, 31. jula 1942. godine, poklati 422 srpska seljaka meu koji- ma i 149 djece u dobi do 13. godine æivota? Donijeti slamu, politi benzinom i spaliti poklanu, Ëesto joπ æivu djecu s roditeljima, braÊom i sestrama u hriπÊanskoj svetinji ∞ crkvi. A koliko ih je po- klano i spaljeno u svojim vlastitim domovima! Tko je osmislio mrtvo kolo u Maπvini, na planini kordunskog brda (iznad Rakovice, Slunj), kada su 21. jula 1942. godine ustaπe poklale u zbjegovima i vlastitim kuÊama viπe od 420 srpskih civila, pa zaklanih 10 djevojËica i 10 djeËaka, od 5 do 7 godina, skinule gole, djevojËice poloæili na lea u krug, spojili im ruke, a raπirili noæice i na njih poloæili gole zaklane djeËake! Masakrirani su nevini, djeca uz roditelje, braÊa uz sestre, unu- ci uz djedove i bake. Smrt ih je sjedinila zauvijek. 12 Kada danas Ëitamo ova svjedoËanstva preæivjelih i nedoklanih, ne osjeÊamo vrijeme dalekog, veÊ vrijeme blizog i svjeæe krvavog postojanja Nezavisne Dræave Hrvatske. Zato Êe i svi oni koji bilo kada budu Ëitali ove tragiËne ispovijesti uskrslih iz mrtvih, koji u sebi do kraja iscrpljenima smogoπe joπ snage i pobjegoπe sa stratiπta ili se izvukoπe izranjavani, iskasapljeni i krvavi iz vjeËne tame bezdanuπa, imati pred oËima stalnu dimenziju neuniπtivosti ljudskog roda. Sadræaj ove knjige ne predstavlja teoretsko obrazlaganje geno- cida veÊ iskljuËivo iznosi Ëinjenice o tome kako i pod kojim okol- nostima se genocid od 1941. do 1945. godine u Nezavisnoj Dræavi Hrvatskoj provodio. Nauka o jeziku, ni nakon 63 godine od poËinjenih zlodjela, joπ nije pronaπla ni pribliæno primjerene rijeËi kojima bi se mogao izraziti stupanj neËovjeËnosti i monstruoznosti izvrπenih zloËina u toku postojanja Nezavisne Dræave Hrvatske, 1941-1945. Ipak, duboko sam uvjeren da Êe doÊi vrijeme kada Êe se moÊi razjasniti kako su ovi zloËini nastali, kako su organizirano pripre- mani, kako zakonima ozakonjeni i masovno provoeni. Vjerujem da Êe historijska nauka razjasniti pravu i sveukupnu istinu ovih straviËnih zloËina poËinjenih nad stotinama hiljada muπkaraca, æena i tek roene djece u namjeri uniπtenja cijelog jednog naroda. Sadræajem ove knjige nisam imao namjeru optuæiti bilo koga za izvrπene zloËine. Htio sam samo da se i ovako pridruæim nevi- nim ærtvama: majkama, oËevima, bakama, djedovima i svim tim ærtvama, neiæivljenim djeËacima i djevojËicama iz vremena moga tuænog djetinjstva od 1941. do 1945. godine. “… jer ærtve i njene muke u rastajanju sa æivotom traæe o tome istinu…” –uro Zatezalo SvjedoËanstva 14 Duπan NikπiÊ Donji Poloj Veljun 6. maj ∞ –urevdan, godina 1941. Osvanuo je lijep sunËan dan. Toga dana Srbi se sveËanije odijevaju, idu jedni drugima na Krsnu slavu u goste, razgovaraju o uspjesima u obavljanju proljetne sjetve. Vesele se i raduju. Sve je razdragano i sveËano. Nitko ni u pomisli nije mogao slutiti da Êe to biti dan neËu- venog zloËina nad nevinim seljaËkim stanovnicima Korduna. Jedan od prvih masovnih zloËina nove hrvatske vlasti poglavnika Nezavisne Dræave Hrvatske, dr. Ante PaveliÊa. ZloËin planiran, do- bro pripremljen i organizirano izveden po zamisli poglavara Pave- liÊa i nareenju Eugena Dide Kvaternika. Upravo toga dana, 6. maja, dana veselja i slave, u ranu zoru, odjeknuli su prvi ustaπki pucnji u srpskim selima Veljuna, Perja- sice, Donjeg Poloja, Kuzme i drugih naselja. Ustaπe, emigranti i domaÊi Hrvati ∞ ustaπe hvatali su svoje komπije Srbe po selima, tukli i zatvarali na nekoliko sabiraliπta ∞ muËiliπta na Veljunu, Per- jasici, Slunju i Hrvatskom Blagaju. Da bi mogli poËeti provoditi takvu i ozakonjenu politiku, Ne- zavisne Dræave Hrvatske, masovno istrebljenje srpskoga naroda iz Hrvatske, ustaπke su vlasti organizirale ubistvo ugledne hrvatske porodice mlinara Jose Mravunca u Hrvatskom Blagaju, omiljenog Ëovjeka meu Srbima i Hrvatima. Upravo tu na Kordunu, prema ocjeni ustaπkih poglavara gdje su Srbi i Hrvati vjekovima æivjeli u dobrim komπijskom odnosima trebalo je zloËin izvrπiti i njih meusobno zavaditi i zakrvaviti. To su izveli na najpodliji moguÊi naËin.
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