Encoding of Vedic Characters Used in Non-Devanagari Scripts
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Disrespectful Dealings - Part 1
Disrespectful Dealings - Part 1 Date: 2015-01-17 Author: Vaijayantimala devi dasi Hare Krishna Prabhujis and Matajis, Please accept my humble obeisances! All glories to Srila Prabhupada and Srila Gurudev! When we are meeting people for the first time, we don't know about each other. And so we just treat people with genuine respect and move on. But as the days go by, when we associate with others more and more, we get to know about their strengths and weakness etc. As long as we see only good and ignore the bad, we are safe. But unfortunately dragged by the modes, we tend to see only the weakness. As the saying goes, familiarity breeds contempt and feelings of pride creep in our heart. Humility vanishes and then we start judging others and even disrespecting others. This is a common experience in material world. But after taking up the process of bhakti also, when we fail to understand the real essence of bhakti is to see ourselves as Krishna's servant and everyone else as part and parcel of Krishna, we carry on the same bad attitude in our spiritual life as well. We start judging other devotees and we think that they are wrong and whatever we are doing alone is right. Such thoughts displeases Guru and Krishna and throws us very very far away from Them. The following story gives us a nice insight in this regard. Yajnavalkya was the son of the sister of Mahamuni Vaishampayana, the Vedacharya of the Taittiriya section. He was studying the Taittiriya Samhita from Vaishampayana who was also his Guru. -
Secrets of RSS
Secrets of RSS DEMYSTIFYING THE SANGH (The Largest Indian NGO in the World) by Ratan Sharda © Ratan Sharda E-book of second edition released May, 2015 Ratan Sharda, Mumbai, India Email:[email protected]; [email protected] License Notes This ebook is licensed for your personal enjoyment only. This ebook may not be re-soldor given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person,please purchase an additional copy for each recipient. If you’re reading this book and didnot purchase it, or it was not purchased for your use only, then please return to yourfavorite ebook retailer and purchase your own copy. Thank you for respecting the hardwork of this author. About the Book Narendra Modi, the present Prime Minister of India, is a true blue RSS (Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh or National Volunteers Organization) swayamsevak or volunteer. More importantly, he is a product of prachaarak system, a unique institution of RSS. More than his election campaigns, his conduct after becoming the Prime Minister really tells us how a responsible RSS worker and prachaarak responds to any responsibility he is entrusted with. His rise is also illustrative example of submission by author in this book that RSS has been able to design a system that can create ‘extraordinary achievers out of ordinary people’. When the first edition of Secrets of RSS was released, air was thick with motivated propaganda about ‘Saffron terror’ and RSS was the favourite whipping boy as the face of ‘Hindu fascism’. Now as the second edition is ready for release, environment has transformed radically. -
The Origins, Evolution and Decline of the Khojki Script
The origins, evolution and decline of the Khojki script Juan Bruce The origins, evolution and decline of the Khojki script Juan Bruce Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Master of Arts in Typeface Design, University of Reading, 2015. 5 Abstract The Khojki script is an Indian script whose origins are in Sindh (now southern Pakistan), a region that has witnessed the conflict between Islam and Hinduism for more than 1,200 years. After the gradual occupation of the region by Muslims from the 8th century onwards, the region underwent significant cultural changes. This dissertation reviews the history of the script and the different uses that it took on among the Khoja people since Muslim missionaries began their activities in Sindh communities in the 14th century. It questions the origins of the Khojas and exposes the impact that their transition from a Hindu merchant caste to a broader Muslim community had on the development of the script. During this process of transformation, a rich and complex creed, known as Satpanth, resulted from the blend of these cultures. The study also considers the roots of the Khojki writing system, especially the modernization that the script went through in order to suit more sophisticated means of expression. As a result, through recording the religious Satpanth literature, Khojki evolved and left behind its mercantile features, insufficient for this purpose. Through comparative analysis of printed Khojki texts, this dissertation examines the use of the script in Bombay at the beginning of the 20th century in the shape of Khoja Ismaili literature. -
Shahmukhi to Gurmukhi Transliteration System: a Corpus Based Approach
Shahmukhi to Gurmukhi Transliteration System: A Corpus based Approach Tejinder Singh Saini1 and Gurpreet Singh Lehal2 1 Advanced Centre for Technical Development of Punjabi Language, Literature & Culture, Punjabi University, Patiala 147 002, Punjab, India [email protected] http://www.advancedcentrepunjabi.org 2 Department of Computer Science, Punjabi University, Patiala 147 002, Punjab, India [email protected] Abstract. This research paper describes a corpus based transliteration system for Punjabi language. The existence of two scripts for Punjabi language has created a script barrier between the Punjabi literature written in India and in Pakistan. This research project has developed a new system for the first time of its kind for Shahmukhi script of Punjabi language. The proposed system for Shahmukhi to Gurmukhi transliteration has been implemented with various research techniques based on language corpus. The corpus analysis program has been run on both Shahmukhi and Gurmukhi corpora for generating statistical data for different types like character, word and n-gram frequencies. This statistical analysis is used in different phases of transliteration. Potentially, all members of the substantial Punjabi community will benefit vastly from this transliteration system. 1 Introduction One of the great challenges before Information Technology is to overcome language barriers dividing the mankind so that everyone can communicate with everyone else on the planet in real time. South Asia is one of those unique parts of the world where a single language is written in different scripts. This is the case, for example, with Punjabi language spoken by tens of millions of people but written in Indian East Punjab (20 million) in Gurmukhi script (a left to right script based on Devanagari) and in Pakistani West Punjab (80 million), written in Shahmukhi script (a right to left script based on Arabic), and by a growing number of Punjabis (2 million) in the EU and the US in the Roman script. -
Exam List for Exam Center.Xlsx
Maharshi Sandipani Rashtriya Veda Vidhya Prathishtan Ujjain Annual Examination Session - 2018-19 Centre Name : Shri Manik Prabhu Veda Pathshala, Maniknagar (Centre No. - 40) Date : 18 & 19 March 2019 Fail/Absunt in First S.No. Roll No. Year, Promoted In Year Student's Name Veda Shakha Name of the Pathshala/Unit Second Year 1 00197 ---- Sixth Aakash Rigveda - Shakal Shakha Shri Manik Prabhu Veda Pathshala, Maniknagar, Beedar 2 00182 ---- Fifth Ajay Rigveda - Shakal Shakha Shri Manik Prabhu Veda Pathshala, Maniknagar, Beedar 3 00183 ---- Fifth Atharav Rigveda - Shakal Shakha Shri Manik Prabhu Veda Pathshala, Maniknagar, Beedar 4 00205 ---- Sixth Avinash Krishna Yajurveda - TaittiriyaShri Shakha Manik Prabhu Veda Pathshala, Maniknagar, Beedar 5 12278 ---- Third Badrinath Shukl Yajurveda - Kanva ShakhaShri Manik Prabhu Veda Pathshala, Maniknagar, Beedar 6 00184 ---- Fifth Chaitanya Rigveda - Shakal Shakha Shri Manik Prabhu Veda Pathshala, Maniknagar, Beedar 7 12279 ---- Third Daksha Krishna Yajurveda - TaittiriyaShri Shakha Manik Prabhu Veda Pathshala, Maniknagar, Beedar 8 13113 ---- Second Aditya Rigveda - Shakal Shakha Shri Manik Prabhu Veda Pathshala, Maniknagar, Beedar 9 13114 ---- Second Bhalchandra Rigveda - Shakal Shakha Shri Manik Prabhu Veda Pathshala, Maniknagar, Beedar 10 13115 ---- Second Pandurang Rigveda - Shakal Shakha Shri Manik Prabhu Veda Pathshala, Maniknagar, Beedar 11 13116 ---- Second Pushkraj Shukl Yajurveda - Kanva ShakhaShri Manik Prabhu Veda Pathshala, Maniknagar, Beedar 12 13117 ---- Second Rohit Shukl Yajurveda -
Ist National Digital Workshop on Sharada Script Learning
Ist National Digital Workshop On Sharada Script Learning (Level 1 course) (Under the aegis of MOU between MIEF & KSU) 13th -20th July, 2020,4-6pm On Zoom App Platform Registration: https://bit.ly/3gNS3Kh Ancient Kashmir Map Sharada Temple Ruins Pakistan Occupied Sharada Script Inscription Kashmir Sharada Script Learning Workshop Sharada Script trained scholars Sharada Script Learning workshop MOU Siging with KSU in 2018 Banner 1 Background Medium of Training: About Sharada Script English/Hindi/Sanskrit/Kannad Among the Western Himalayan scripts, the Sharada alphabet has a Who Can take Part place of pride. Evolved from north western Brahmi a millennium Any interested person who may or may not be knowing Sanskrit ago in the 9th century A.D. It remained in popular use for several language/Devnagari script. centuries in an extensive area of Western Himalayas including North Western Frontier Province, Dardistan, Kashmir, Jammu, Sanskrit knowing scholars/Academicians/Researchers/Philosphers Ladakh and Himachal Pradesh. Later it got restricted to Kashmir etc. only, where it was theprincipal means of writing until the 20th E-Certificate of participation will be given to all participants century. This form was widely used for writing Vedic texts (speakers / experts /panelists/ delegates). The epigraphic and literary records written in this script, that have Program Schedule been found in these regions, have thrown light on many facets of the history and culture of the areas of their provenance The Gurmukhi script was developed from Sarada. 13 July 2020 Day 1 Like the Brahmi and the Kharoshti in the ancient period, the 4.00-04.30 pm Inaugural session Sharada script in the early medieval period formed a vital link 4.30-5.00 pm History about Spkr Prof Sushma in the chain of communication of ideas, knowledge, and culture development of Sharada Devi Gupta Sanskrit among the states comprised in the Western Himalayan region. -
Praagaash February 2019.Cdr
For Private Circulation Only ß vçcçççÆcç lJççb Mççjoç oíJççR, cçnçYççiççR YçiçJçlççR kçÀçMcççÇj HçájJçççÆmçvççR, çÆJçÐçç oççÆ³çvççR j#ç cççcç j#ç cççcçd~ vçcçççÆcç lJççcçd~ Praagaash Net-journal of 'Zaan’ ÒççiççMç `]pççvç' kçÀçÇ vçíì-HççÆ$çkçÀç Jç<ç& 4 : DçbkçÀ 2 ~ Vol 4 : No. 2 HçÀjJçjçÇ 2019 ~ February 2019 Srinagar City River Painting by Kapil Kaul 01 Praagaash ÒççiççMç `]pççvç' kçÀçÇ vçíì-HççÆ$çkçÀç Jç<ç& 4 : DçbkçÀ 2~ HçÀjJçjçÇ 2019 In this issue Editorial - T.N.Dhar ‘Kundan’ l Editorial : T.N.Dhar ‘Kundan’ 01 l Literature & Litterateurs : Editor Praagaash e are grateful to our readers for - Samad Mir - The Sufi Poet of Kashmir 02 W l History : P.L.Ganju their continued support and for - History of Two Ancient Capitals of Kashmir 05 appreciating the standard l kçÀçJ³ç : uççuçe uç#çcçCç : cçncçÓo içç@cççÇ 09 maintained in this e-journal. As l Peculiar Kashmiri Words You May Not Know 09 already stated, our endeavour has l My Medical Journey - Dr. K.L.Chowdhury been and will be to highlight the - A Doctor’s Deportment 10 l Language : Prof R.N.Bhat richness of our culture and the - Writing Systems in India 13 beauty of our tradition. As is well l Adventures : Ajay Dhar known our language is one of the - My Polar Adventure - 5 17 prominent factors of our culture. It is our duty, l Our Mothertongue : M.K.Raina - On Kashmiri Language 21 therefore, to propagate it so that our younger l nbmçvçç cçvçç nÌ 24 generation does not get disconnected from our roots. l Kashmir Shaivism : T.N.Dhar Kundan Appreciating the practicality of this task, we have - Abhinavgupta - The Pride of Kashmir 25 been advocating use of Devanagari script, in addition l kçÀçJ³ç : yçMççÇj Dçlnj to the Nastaliq recognised by the state. -
A Suktham Is a Hymn in Praise of the Deity Intended
Component-I (A) – Personal details: Prof. P. Bhaskar Reddy Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati. Prof. V. Venkata Ramana Reddy Director, O.R.I., S. V.University, Tirupati. Prof. V. Venkata Ramana Reddy Director, O.R.I., S. V.University, Tirupati. Prof. V. Kannan University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad. Component-I (B) – Description of module: Subject Name Indian Culture Paper Name Vedic, Epic and Puranic culture of India Module Name/Title Pancha Suktas and its importance Module Id IC / VEPC / 06 Pre requisites Vedic Culture and Suktam Objectives To know about Suktam, its meaning, various Suktas of Vedic Age and its significance Keywords Suktam / Purusha Sukta / Pancha Suktas E-text (Quadrant-I): 1. Introduction to Suktam A Suktam is a hymn in praise of the deity intended. It praises the deity by mentioning its various attributes and paraphernalia. Rigveda is a Vedain form of Sukti's, which mean 'beautiful statements'. A collection of very beautifully composed incantations itself is a Sukta. The Sukta is a hymn and is composed of a set of Riks. 'Rik' means - an incantation that contains praises and Veda means knowledge. The knowledge of the Suktas itself is the literal meaning of Rigveda. The Rigveda Richas comprises mainly of the praises of God. Other than this it also has incantations containing thoughts which are evolved by the sages through their minute observation, contemplation and analysis. Every element of nature was an issue to contemplate upon for the sages. In this process they have spoken about the mysteries of the universe, which are for practical usage. 2. Meaning of Suktam स啍ू त sUkta n. -
Indian Literature, Language and Culture
© 2018 JETIR July 2018, Volume 5, Issue 7 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162) INDIAN LITERATURE, LANGUAGE AND CULTURE Dr.chiluka pusphalata Mount Carmel degree college Bangalore Karnataka, India INTRODUCTION: The Stone Age the Stone Age in India begins with the Palaeolithic (early Stone Age) and terminates after the Mesolithic (Middle Stone Age). The Palaeolithic dates back to the geological era of Middle Pleistocene. Palaeolithic sites abound in Peninsular India, and are found more rominently at Pallavaram in Tamil Nadu, Hunsgi in Karnataka, Kuliana in Orissa, Didwana in Rajasthan, and Bhimbetka in Madhya Pradesh. Stone Age in India began with Early Stone Age (called Palaeolithic) and ended up with the Middle Stone Age (called Mesolithic). Remains of the Homo erectus in the Narmada Valley in Central India show the presence of human life in India since middle Pleistocene, which is around 200,000 to 500,000 years ago. The Mesolithic period in Indian subcontinent started around 30,000 years ago, covering a time span of 25,000 years. Bhimbetka Petroglyphs (10 cupules and a single groove) is the oldest (c. 29,000 BCE) known Stone Age art that belongs to first permanent settlement of human being. It is found in Madhya Pradesh, Central India (quartzite Auditorium rock shelter at Bhimbetka). Traces of Neolithic period have been found in Gulf of Khambat in India. Late Neolithic culture was flourished in Indus Valley region from 6000 to 2000 BCE and in southern India from 2800 to 1200 BCE. NEW AND OLD HISTORICISMS: When we say that new historicism involves the parallel study of literary texts, the word “parallel” encapsulates the essential difference between this and earlier approaches to literature which had made some use of historical data. -
HINDUISM TODAY SAMPLE: Puranas Summary from the Siva Purana AGAMAS: Basics
THE HINDU SCRIPTURES Simple Christians have the Bible Hindus have the Vedas Actually, it is much more complicated… TIMELINE (written)* SRUTI SMRITI (BC) 1500 800 400 0 400 800 1200 1600 (AD) Note: dates for the Vedas(samhitas) can vary more than 1,000 years MAHABHARATA VEDAS & RAMAYANA BRAHMANAS TANTRAS ARANYAKAS PURANAS UPANISHADS DARSHANAS *some were orally transmitted prior to this TWO TYPES OF SCRIPTURES SHRUTI (“heard”) SMRITI (“remembered”) heard by the rishis -Itihasas (History or Epics) direct from God -Puranas (Mythology) -Dharma Shastras- Law Codes …The Vedas -Agamas & Tantras- Sectarian Samhitas, Brahmanas, Scriptures. Arayakas, Upanishads -Darshanas- Manuals of Philosophy * THE *VEDAS *Note: “Veda” is used in multiple ways: 1. Referring to the oldest hymn portions (Samhitas) 2. Referring to the collection of samhitas, brahmanas, aranyakas, and upanishads 3. Shaivites and Vaishnavites often include the Agamas by this term 4. Many also include the Gita by this term THE VEDAS (Samhitas) The Rig Veda 10,552 hymns The Sama Veda 1,875 hymns--mostly Rig Veda repeated The Yajur Veda Vedic sacrificial manuals The Atharva Veda Incantations, spells, mystical poetry Searching for the VEDAS You want a copy of the Vedas? -you won’t find it in the library -you won’t find it in the bookstores -you might find a concise, edited version -when you find it… When were they written? Nobody knows exactly… -The oldest Veda (Rig) reached its final stage of compilation about 1000 B.C. -Different dates given Tilak: 6000 B.C. Jacobi: 4500 B.C. Mueller: 1200 B.C. The Rig Veda Rig Veda Book 3 Hymn 10 1. -
Some Interesting Facts, Myths and History of Mathematics
International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI) E-ISSN: 2321 – 4767 P-ISSN: 2321 - 4759 www.ijmsi.org Volume 4 Issue 6 || August. 2016 || PP-54-68 Some Interesting Facts, Myths and History of Mathematics Singh Prashant1 1(Department of Computer Science, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University) ABSTRACT : This paper deals with primary concepts and fallacies of mathematics which many a times students and even teachers ignore. Also this paper comprises of history of mathematical symbols, notations and methods of calculating time. I have also included some ancient techniques of solving mathematical real time problems. This paper is a confluence of various traditional mathematical techniques and their implementation in modern mathematics. I. INTRODUCTION I have heard my father saying that ―Mathematics is the only genuine subject as it does not change with boundary of countries‖. It is lucrative just because of its simplicity. Galileo once said, ―Mathematics is the language with which God wrote the Universe.‖ He was precise in calling mathematics a language, because like any dialect, mathematics has its own rubrics, formulas, and nuances. In precise, the symbols used in mathematics are quite unique to its field and are profoundly engrained in history. The following will give an ephemeral history of some of the greatest well-known symbols employed by mathematics. Categorized by discipline within the subject, each section has its own interesting subculture surrounding it. Arithmetic is the most rudimentary part of mathematics and covers addition, subtraction, multiplication, and the division of numbers. One category of numbers are the integers, -n,…-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,…n , where we say that n is in .The capital letter Z is written to represent integers and comes from the German word, Zahlen, meaning numbers. -
Final Proposal to Encode Nandinagari in Unicode
L2/17-162 2017-05-05 Final proposal to encode Nandinagari in Unicode Anshuman Pandey [email protected] May 5, 2017 1 Introduction This is a proposal to encode the Nandinagari script in Unicode. It supersedes the following documents: • L2/13-002 “Preliminary Proposal to Encode Nandinagari in ISO/IEC 10646” • L2/16-002 “Proposal to encode the Nandinagari script in Unicode” • L2/16-310 “Proposal to encode the Nandinagari script in Unicode” • L2/17-119 “Towards an encoding model for Nandinagari conjuncts” It incorporates comments regarding previous proposals made in: • L2/16-037 “Recommendations to UTC #146 January 2016 on Script Proposals” • L2/16-057 “Comments on L2/16-002 Proposal to encode Nandinagari” • L2/16-216 “Recommendations to UTC #148 August 2016 on Script Proposals” • L2/17-153 “Recommendations to UTC #151 May 2017 on Script Proposals” • L2/17-117 “Proposal to encode a nasal character in Vedic Extensions” Major changes since L2/16-310 include: • Expanded description of the headstroke and its behavior (see section 3.2). • Clarification of encoding model for consonant conjuncts (see section 5.4). • Removal of digits and proposed unification with Kannada digits (see section 4.9). • Re-analysis of ‘touching’ conjuncts as variant forms that may be controlled using fonts. • Removal of ardhavisarga and other characters that require additional research (see section 4.10). • Identification of a pr̥ ṣṭhamātrā, which is not included in the proposed repertoire (see section 4.10). • Proposed reallocation of a Vedic nasal letter to the ‘Vedic Extensions’ block (see L2/17-117). • Revision of Indic position category for vowel signs.