British Prime Ministers Since World War II | University of Glasgow
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Socialism in the Twentieth Century: a Historical Reflection
THE ＧＬＯＢＡＬＩＺＡＴＩＯＮ ＆ ＧＯVＥＲＮＡＮＣＥ ＰＲＯＪＥCＴ， ＨＯＫＫＡＩＤＯ ＵＮＩＶＥＲＳＩＴＹ ＷＯＲＫＩＮＧ ＰＡＰＥＲ ＳＥＲＩＥＳ Socialism in the Twentieth Century: a historical reflection Ⅰ－１１ Donald Sassoon, University of London ＊ Paper for the Symposium, East Asia-Europe-USA Progressive Scholars’ Forum 2003 , 11-15 October, 2003. ＊ None of these papers should be cited without the author’s permission. East Asia-Europe- USA Progressive Scholars’ Forum, 2003 Socialism in the Twentieth Century: a historical reflection Donald Sassoon Queen Mary, University of London 1. Introduction Those who venture to discuss the meaning of socialism confront two distinct but not incompatible strategies: the essentialist and the historical. The essentialist strategy proceeds in conventional Weberian fashion. Socialism is an ideal-type, empirically deduced from the activities or ideas of those commonly regarded as socialists. Once the concept is constructed, it can be used historically to assess concrete political organisations, their activists and thinkers and measure the extent to which they fit the ideal type, why and when they diverge from each other, and account for exceptional behaviour. This procedure, of great heuristic value, is still broadly accepted and widely used, even though its theoretical rigour is highly dubious as the analysis rests on a somewhat arbitrary selection of the ‘socialist’ organisations and individuals used to produce the ideal-type concept of socialism. This procedure has the added disadvantage that, if strictly adhered to, it does not allow for historical change. Once the ideal-type is defined, novel elements cannot easily be integrated into it. However, life must go on, even in sociology. So when something new turns up, such as a revisionist interpretation, all that is required is to hoist the ideal-type onto the operating table, remove -if necessary- the bits which no longer fit, and insert the new ones. -
Allen Lane Particular Books Pelican Books Penguin Classics Penguin Modern Classics Penguin Paperbacks 3 31 41 49 55 75
CONTENTS Allen Lane 3 Particular Books 31 Pelican Books 41 Penguin Classics 49 Penguin Modern Classics 55 Penguin Paperbacks 75 Penguin Press 80 Strand London 1 1 2 3 3 3 The Secret World Money and Government A History of Intelligence Unsettled Issues in Macroeconomics Christopher Andrew Robert Skidelsky A stupendous history of intelligence, its uses and its neglect A major challenge to economic orthodoxy, by one of - by the world's leading historian of intelligence Britain's leading historians and economists The history of espionage is far older than any of today's The dominant view in economics is that money and intelligence agencies, yet the long history of intelligence government should play only a minor role in economic life. operations has been largely forgotten. The first mention of Money, it is claimed, is nothing more than a medium of espionage in world literature is in the Book of Exodus.'God exchange; and economic outcomes are best left to the sent out spies into the land of Canaan'. From there, 'invisible hand' of the market. The view taken in this important Christopher Andrew traces the shift in the ancient world from new book is that the omnipresence of uncertainty make money divination to what we would recognize as attempts to gather and government essential features of any market economy. real intelligence in the conduct of military operations, and One reason we need money is because we don't know what considers how far ahead of the West - at that time - China and the future will bring. Government - good government - makes India were. -
A Closer Look at Argus Books' 1930 the Lives of the Twelve Caesars
In the Spirit of Suetonius: A Closer Look at Argus Books’ 1930 The Lives of the Twelve Caesars Gretchen Elise Wright Trinity College of Arts and Sciences Duke University 13 April 2020 An honors thesis submitted to the Duke Classical Studies Department in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation with distinction for a Bachelor of Arts in Classical Civilizations. Table of Contents Acknowledgements 1 Abstract 2 Introduction 3 Chapter I. The Publisher and the Book 7 Chapter II. The Translator and Her “Translation” 24 Chapter III. “Mr. Papé’s Masterpiece” 40 Conclusion 60 Illustrations 64 Works Cited 72 Other Consulted Works 76 Wright 1 Acknowledgements First and foremost, this project would never have existed without the vision and brilliance of Professor Boatwright. I would like to say thank you for her unwavering encouragement, advice, answers, and laughter, and for always making me consider: What would Agrippina do? A thousand more thanks to all the other teachers from whom I have had the honor and joy of learning, at Duke and beyond. I am so grateful for your wisdom and kindness over the years and feel lucky to graduate having been taught by all of you. My research would have been incomplete without the assistance of the special collections libraries and librarians I turned to in the past year. Thank you to the librarians at the Beinecke and Vatican Film Libraries, and of course, to everyone in the Duke Libraries. I could not have done this without you! I should note that I am writing these final pages not in Perkins Library or my campus dormitory, but in self-isolation in my childhood bedroom. -
Navigating Brexit: Hanover’S Business Advisory
Navigating Brexit: Hanover’s Business Advisory CHARLES LEWINGTON, MANAGING DIRECTOR Charles is the founder and Managing Director of Hanover. Formerly Press Secretary to Prime –What are the consequences of Brexit and how will it impact your business? Minister John Major, Charles provides strategic counsel to CEOs of UK businesses and the UK –How will you reassure investors, staff and your supply chain? Directors of overseas businesses with substantial British operations –Who should you be engaging with during new negotiations with the EU CHRISTIAN HIERHOLZER, and what should you be saying? MANAGING DIRECTOR, BRUSSELS Christian provides high-level strategic advice –How do you keep abreast of the dramatic daily events in London and Brussels? to clients across a variety of sectors and policy areas . Christian started his 12-year career in EU affairs as policy adviser to Karl-Heinz Florenz, former chair of the European Parliament’s Environment Committee. STEVE RICHARDS, SENIOR ADVISER A distinguished broadcaster and columnist, Steve provides political, media and policy The UK vote to leave the European Union has caused economic analysis for Hanover’s clients. He writes for The Independent, Guardian, Times and uncertainty and political turmoil. Whilst for many it is business as Financial Times and presents BBC Radio 4’s usual until Article 50 is formally enacted, it is very unclear what new The Week in Westminster. LAURA SWIRE, DIRECTOR, ADVOCACY arrangement with the EU will be put in its place. Will it be EEA Plus; Laura leads Hanover’s advocacy team providing EEA Minus or a straight WTO deal? strategic counsel on political and regulatory environments, reputation management and campaigning. -
What Happens After an Indecisive Election Result?
BRIEFING PAPER Number 07163, 9 June 2017 What happens after an By Lucinda Maer indecisive election result? Gail Bartlett Inside: 1. Forming a government after a hung parliament 2. “Caretaker” administrations 3. The meeting of a new Parliament 4. The Queen’s Speech 5. An investiture vote? www.parliament.uk/commons-library | intranet.parliament.uk/commons-library | [email protected] | @commonslibrary Number 07163, 9 June 2017 2 Contents Summary 3 1. Forming a government after a hung parliament 5 1.1 What kind of government can form? 5 1.2 Historical precedents 6 1.3 When should an incumbent Prime Minister resign? 7 1.4 How long does government formation take? 9 1.5 Internal party consultation 9 1.6 Role of the House of Commons 10 1.7 Effects of the Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011 10 2. “Caretaker” administrations 12 2.1 What is a “caretaker” administration? 12 2.2 The nature of the restrictions on government action 12 2.3 When do the restrictions end? 13 3. The meeting of a new Parliament 15 3.1 When does a Parliament return? 15 4. The Queen’s Speech 17 4.1 When does the Queen’s Speech take place? 17 4.2 The debate on the Address 17 5. An investiture vote? 19 Cover page image copyright UK Parliament 3 What happens after an indecisive election result? Summary Following the 2017 general election, held on 8 June 2017, the Conservative Party was returned as the largest party, but did not have an overall majority in the House of Commons. -
Expert Report by Professor Richard Evans (2000)
Expert Report by Professor Richard Evans (2000) IRVING VS. (1) LIPSTADT AND (2) PENGUIN BOOKS EXPERT WITNESS REPORT BY RICHARD J. EVANS FBA Professor of Modern History, University of Cambridge Warning: This title page does not belong to the original report. The original report starts on the second page which is to be considered page number 1. IRVING VS. (1) LIPSTADT AND (2) PENGUIN BOOKS EXPERT W ITNESS REPORT BY RICHARD J. EVANS FBA Professor of Modern History, University of Cambridge Contents 1. Introduction 3 1.1 Purpose of this Report 3 1.2 Material Instructions 4 1.3 Author of the Report 4 1.4 Curriculum vitae 9 1.5 Methods used to draw up this Report 14 1.6 Argument and structure of the Report 19 2. Irving the historian 26 2.1 Publishing career 26 2.2 Qualifications 28 2.3 Professional historians and archival research 29 2.4 Documents and sources 35 2.5 Reputation 41 2.6 Conclusion 64 3. Irving and Holocaust denial66 3.1 Definitions of ‘The Holocaust’ 67 3.2 Holocaust denial 77 3.3 The arguments before the court 87 (a) Lipstadt’s allegations and Irving’s replies 87 (b) The 1977 edition of Hitler’s War 89 (c) The 1991 edition of Hitler’s War 92 (d) Irving’s biography of Hermann Göring 100 (e) Conclusion 103 3.4 Irving and the central tenets of Holocaust denial 106 (a) Numbers of Jews killed 106 (b) Use of gas chambers 126 (c) Systematic nature of the extermination 134 (d) Evidence for the Holocaust 140 (e) Conclusion 173 3.5 Connections with Holocaust deniers 174 (a) The Institute for Historical Review 174 (b) Other Holocaust deniers 190 3.6 Conclusion 200 4. -
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The National Archives' reference CAB 130/1224 .!r J3al I Catala ue Reference:cab/130/1224 Ima e Reference:1 © Crown Copyright The National Archives' reference CAB 130/1224 I TOP SECRET I ~ THIS DOCUMENT IS THE PROPERTY OF HER BRITANNIC MAJESTY'S GOVERNMENT • The circulation of this paper has been strictty limited. This copy is issued for the personal use of. ............................. Copy No ..................... " MISC 7(83) 2nd Meeting CABL'IBT NUCLEAR DEFENCE POLICY MINUTES of a Meeting held in 10 Downing Street on TUESDAY 8 MARCH 1983 at q.30 pm PRESENT The Rt Hon Margaret Thatcher MP Prime Minister The Rt Hon William Whitelaw MP The Rt Hon Sir Geoffrey Howe QC MP Secretary of State for the Chancellor of the Exchequer Home Department The Rt Hon Francis Pym MP The Rt Hon Michael Heseltine MP Secretary of State for Foreign Secretary of State for Defence and Commonwealth Affairs A.LSO PRESENT Field Marshall Sir Edwin Bram.all Chief of the Defence Staff SECRETARIAT ·Sir Robert Armstrong Mr ADS Goodall Mr R LL Facer SUBJECT BASING OF UNITED STATES CRUISE MISSILES ? • I TOP SECRET I e Refenmce:cab/130/1224 Reference:1 © Crown Copyright The National Archives' reference CAB 130/1224 I TOP SECRET I BASING OF UNITED STATES CRUISE If.ISSILES - Previous Reference: MISC 7(83)1st Meeting Ministers resumed their consideration of control arrangements for United States Ground Launched Cruise Missiles (GLCMs) to be based in the United Kingdom. They had before them a minute from the Secretary of State for Defence dated 25 January about the timing -
Thatcher, Northern Ireland and Anglo-Irish Relations, 1979-1990
From ‘as British as Finchley’ to ‘no selfish strategic interest’: Thatcher, Northern Ireland and Anglo-Irish Relations, 1979-1990 Fiona Diane McKelvey, BA (Hons), MRes Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences of Ulster University A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the Ulster University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2018 I confirm that the word count of this thesis is less than 100,000 words excluding the title page, contents, acknowledgements, summary or abstract, abbreviations, footnotes, diagrams, maps, illustrations, tables, appendices, and references or bibliography Contents Acknowledgements i Abstract ii Abbreviations iii List of Tables v Introduction An Unrequited Love Affair? Unionism and Conservatism, 1885-1979 1 Research Questions, Contribution to Knowledge, Research Methods, Methodology and Structure of Thesis 1 Playing the Orange Card: Westminster and the Home Rule Crises, 1885-1921 10 The Realm of ‘old unhappy far-off things and battles long ago’: Ulster Unionists at Westminster after 1921 18 ‘For God's sake bring me a large Scotch. What a bloody awful country’: 1950-1974 22 Thatcher on the Road to Number Ten, 1975-1979 26 Conclusion 28 Chapter 1 Jack Lynch, Charles J. Haughey and Margaret Thatcher, 1979-1981 31 'Rise and Follow Charlie': Haughey's Journey from the Backbenches to the Taoiseach's Office 34 The Atkins Talks 40 Haughey’s Search for the ‘glittering prize’ 45 The Haughey-Thatcher Meetings 49 Conclusion 65 Chapter 2 Crisis in Ireland: The Hunger Strikes, 1980-1981 -
The Mind of Adolf Hitler: a Study in the Unconscious Appeal of Contempt
[Expositions 5.2 (2011) 111-125] Expositions (online) ISSN: 1747-5376 The Mind of Adolf Hitler: A Study in the Unconscious Appeal of Contempt EDWARD GREEN Manhattan School of Music How did the mind of Adolf Hitler come to be so evil? This is a question which has been asked for decades – a question which millions of people have thought had no clear answer. This has been the case equally with persons who dedicated their lives to scholarship in the field. For example, Alan Bullock, author of Hitler: A Study in Tyranny, and perhaps the most famous of the biographers of the Nazi leader, is cited in Ron Rosenbaum’s 1998 book, Explaining Hitler, as saying: “The more I learn about Hitler, the harder I find it to explain” (in Rosenbaum 1998, vii). In the same text, philosopher Emil Fackenheim agrees: “The closer one gets to explicability the more one realizes nothing can make Hitler explicable” (in Rosenbaum 1998, vii).1 Even an author as keenly perceptive and ethically bold as the Swiss philosopher Max Picard confesses in his 1947 book, Hitler in Ourselves, that ultimately he is faced with a mystery.2 The very premise of his book is that somehow the mind of Hitler must be like that of ourselves. But just where the kinship lies, precisely how Hitler’s unparalleled evil and the everyday workings of our own minds explain each other – in terms of a central principle – the author does not make clear. Our Deepest Debate I say carefully, as a dispassionate scholar but also as a person of Jewish heritage who certainly would not be alive today had Hitler succeeded in his plan for world conquest, that the answer Bullock, Fackenheim, and Picard were searching for can be found in the work of the great American philosopher Eli Siegel.3 First famed as a poet, Siegel is best known now for his pioneering work in the field of the philosophy of mind.4 He was the founder of Aesthetic Realism.5 In keeping with its name, this philosophy begins with a consideration of strict ontology. -
Politics: Pre-University Reading
Year 13 Politics Students – reading, listening and viewing to keep you entertained and informed Please see the last page for details of an exciting competition! Books: Yuval Harari - 21 Lessons for the 21st Century – from the author of the superb history bestseller, “Sapiens”. This book looks at the present and the future. “There is surely no one alive who is better at explaining our world than Yuval Noah Harari - he is the lecturer we all wish we’d had at university. Reading this book, I must have interrupted my partner a hundred times to pass on fascinating things I’d just read.” Adam Kaye Owen Jones – “The Establishment” – “Behind our democracy lurks a powerful but unaccountable network of people who wield massive power and reap huge profits in the process.” Hardly impartial, but an interesting viewpoint. Tim Marshall – “Prisoners of Geography - Ten Maps That Tell You Everything You Need to Know About Global Politics” - "A fresh and original insight into the geopolitics behind today's foreign policy challenges" - Andrew Neil Steve Richards - The Prime Ministers – A landmark history of the men and women who have defined the UK's role in the modern world - and what makes them special - by a seasoned political journalist. Michael Lewis – “The Fifth Risk” – Michael Lewis, author of the Big Short and Moneyball, looks at events in the US after the election of Donald Trump. “Michael Lewis reveals the combustible cocktail of wilful ignorance and venality that is fuelling the destruction of a country's fabric.” Peter Frankopan – “The New Silk Roads” – a look at the interconnected world and the recent eastwards shift in power. -
Universiv Microfilms International 3Ü0 N
INFORMATION TO USERS This was produced from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or “target” for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “Missing Page(s)”. If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure you of complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark it is an indication that the film inspector noticed either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, or duplicate copy. Unless we meant to delete copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed, you will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photo graphed the photographer has followed a definite method in “sectioning” the material. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand comer cf a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again—beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. For any illustrations that cannot be reproduced satisfactorily by xerography, photographic prints can be purchased at additional cost and tipped into your xerographic copy. -
Liberals in Coalition
For the study of Liberal, SDP and Issue 72 / Autumn 2011 / £10.00 Liberal Democrat history Journal of LiberalHI ST O R Y Liberals in coalition Vernon Bogdanor Riding the tiger The Liberal experience of coalition government Ian Cawood A ‘distinction without a difference’? Liberal Unionists and Conservatives Kenneth O. Morgan Liberals in coalition, 1916–1922 David Dutton Liberalism and the National Government, 1931–1940 Matt Cole ‘Be careful what you wish for’ Lessons of the Lib–Lab Pact Liberal Democrat History Group 2 Journal of Liberal History 72 Autumn 2011 new book from tHe History Group for details, see back page Journal of Liberal History issue 72: Autumn 2011 The Journal of Liberal History is published quarterly by the Liberal Democrat History Group. ISSN 1479-9642 Riding the tiger: the Liberal experience of 4 Editor: Duncan Brack coalition government Deputy Editor: Tom Kiehl Assistant Editor: Siobhan Vitelli Vernon Bogdanor introduces this special issue of the Journal Biographies Editor: Robert Ingham Reviews Editor: Dr Eugenio Biagini Coalition before 1886 10 Contributing Editors: Graham Lippiatt, Tony Little, York Membery Whigs, Peelites and Liberals: Angus Hawkins examines coalitions before 1886 Patrons A ‘distinction without a difference’? 14 Dr Eugenio Biagini; Professor Michael Freeden; Ian Cawood analyses how the Liberal Unionists maintained a distinctive Professor John Vincent identity from their Conservative allies, until coalition in 1895 Editorial Board The coalition of 1915–1916 26 Dr Malcolm Baines; Dr Roy Douglas; Dr Barry Doyle; Prelude to disaster: Ian Packer examines the Asquith coalition of 1915–16, Dr David Dutton; Prof. David Gowland; Prof. Richard which brought to an end the last solely Liberal government Grayson; Dr Michael Hart; Peter Hellyer; Dr J.