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Species Status Assessment Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes Fosteri)
SPECIES STATUS ASSESSMENT EMPEROR PENGUIN (APTENODYTES FOSTERI) Emperor penguin chicks being socialized by male parents at Auster Rookery, 2008. Photo Credit: Gary Miller, Australian Antarctic Program. Version 1.0 December 2020 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Program Branch of Delisting and Foreign Species Falls Church, Virginia Acknowledgements: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Penguins are flightless birds that are highly adapted for the marine environment. The emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) is the tallest and heaviest of all living penguin species. Emperors are near the top of the Southern Ocean’s food chain and primarily consume Antarctic silverfish, Antarctic krill, and squid. They are excellent swimmers and can dive to great depths. The average life span of emperor penguin in the wild is 15 to 20 years. Emperor penguins currently breed at 61 colonies located around Antarctica, with the largest colonies in the Ross Sea and Weddell Sea. The total population size is estimated at approximately 270,000–280,000 breeding pairs or 625,000–650,000 total birds. Emperor penguin depends upon stable fast ice throughout their 8–9 month breeding season to complete the rearing of its single chick. They are the only warm-blooded Antarctic species that breeds during the austral winter and therefore uniquely adapted to its environment. Breeding colonies mainly occur on fast ice, close to the coast or closely offshore, and amongst closely packed grounded icebergs that prevent ice breaking out during the breeding season and provide shelter from the wind. Sea ice extent in the Southern Ocean has undergone considerable inter-annual variability over the last 40 years, although with much greater inter-annual variability in the five sectors than for the Southern Ocean as a whole. -
Federal Register/Vol. 84, No. 78/Tuesday, April 23, 2019/Rules
Federal Register / Vol. 84, No. 78 / Tuesday, April 23, 2019 / Rules and Regulations 16791 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., nor does it require Agricultural commodities, Pesticides SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The any special considerations under and pests, Reporting and recordkeeping Antarctic Conservation Act of 1978, as Executive Order 12898, entitled requirements. amended (‘‘ACA’’) (16 U.S.C. 2401, et ‘‘Federal Actions to Address Dated: April 12, 2019. seq.) implements the Protocol on Environmental Justice in Minority Environmental Protection to the Richard P. Keigwin, Jr., Populations and Low-Income Antarctic Treaty (‘‘the Protocol’’). Populations’’ (59 FR 7629, February 16, Director, Office of Pesticide Programs. Annex V contains provisions for the 1994). Therefore, 40 CFR chapter I is protection of specially designated areas Since tolerances and exemptions that amended as follows: specially managed areas and historic are established on the basis of a petition sites and monuments. Section 2405 of under FFDCA section 408(d), such as PART 180—[AMENDED] title 16 of the ACA directs the Director the tolerance exemption in this action, of the National Science Foundation to ■ do not require the issuance of a 1. The authority citation for part 180 issue such regulations as are necessary proposed rule, the requirements of the continues to read as follows: and appropriate to implement Annex V Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 Authority: 21 U.S.C. 321(q), 346a and 371. to the Protocol. et seq.) do not apply. ■ 2. Add § 180.1365 to subpart D to read The Antarctic Treaty Parties, which This action directly regulates growers, as follows: includes the United States, periodically food processors, food handlers, and food adopt measures to establish, consolidate retailers, not States or tribes. -
Moult of the Emperor Penguin: Travel, Location, and Habitat Selection
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Vol. 204: 269–277, 2000 Published October 5 Mar Ecol Prog Ser Moult of the emperor penguin: travel, location, and habitat selection G. L. Kooyman1,*, E. C. Hunke2, S. F. Ackley3, R. P. van Dam1, G. Robertson4 1Scholander Hall, 0204, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California 92093, USA 2MS-B216, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA 3Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory 72 Lyme Rd., Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA 4Australian Antarctic Division, Channel Highway, Kingston 7050, Tasmania, Australia ABSTRACT: All penguins except emperors Aptenodytes forsteri and Adelies Pygoscelis adeliae moult on land, usually near the breeding colonies. These 2 Antarctic species typically moult some- where in the pack-ice. Emperor penguins begin their moult in early summer when the pack-ice cover of the Antarctic Ocean is receding. The origin of the few moulting birds seen by observers on pass- ing ships is unknown, and the locations are often far from any known colonies. We attached satellite transmitters to 12 breeding adult A. forsteri from western Ross Sea colonies before they departed the colony for the last time before moulting. In addition, we surveyed some remote areas of the Weddell Sea north and east of some large colonies that are located along the southern and western borders of this sea. The tracked birds moved at a rate of nearly 50 km d–1 for more than 1000 km over 30 d to reach areas of perennially consistent pack-ice. Almost all birds traveled to the eastern Ross Sea and western Amundsen Sea. -
Federal Register / Vol. 61, No. 170 / Friday, August 30, 1996 / Notices
Federal Register / Vol. 61, No. 170 / Friday, August 30, 1996 / Notices 45991 inspection by representatives of the to an existing permit which is not a Science Foundation, 4201 Wilson National Science Foundation or USAP. material change to the terms and Boulevard, Arlington, Virginia 22230. conditions of the permit. Supplemental Factors FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Nadene G. Kennedy at the above A. Participant Qualifications and Ms. Nadene Kennedy, Permit Office, address or (703) 306±1033. Minimum Experience Requirements Office of Polar Programs, Rm. 755, SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The In order to participate on this National Science Foundation, 4201 National Science Foundation, as expedition, the participants will require Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, VA 22230. directed by the Antarctic Conservation a minimum of 500 parachute jumps. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: On July Act of 1978 (Public Law 95±541), has Also, they are required to undergo 19, 1996, the National Science developed regulations that implement Flight Physiological Training under a Foundation received a request from ANI the ``Agreed Measures for the program approved by the aviation board to issue a new waste management Conservation of Antarctic Fauna and of their respective country. There will permit for ANI operations within Flora'' for all United States citizens. The be approximately 5 high-profile Dronning Maud Land and the Sor Agreed Measures, developed by the members of the expedition who are not Rondone and surrounding mountains in Antarctic Treaty Consultative Parties, experienced skydivers who will be Antarctica. The operations proposed, air recommended establishment of a permit accompanying an experienced tandem transport of clients and members of system for various activities in skydiving instructor who will be some national antarctic programs and Antarctica and designation of certain responsible for their safety and conduct. -
The Antarctic Treaty Cm 8841
The Antarctic Treaty Measures adopted at the Thirty-sixth Consultative Meeting held at Brussels, 20 – 29 May 2013 Presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs by Command of Her Majesty March 2014 Cm 8841 © Crown copyright 2014 You may re-use this information (excluding logos) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the Open Government Licence v.2. To view this licence visit www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/2/ or email [email protected] This publication is available at www.gov.uk/government/publications Any enquiries regarding this publication should be sent to us at Treaty Section, Foreign and Commo nwealth Office, King Charles Street, London, SW1A 2AH Print ISBN 9781474101134 Web ISBN 9781474101141 Printed in the UK by the Williams Lea Group on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office ID P002631486 03/14 Printed on paper containing 30% recycled fibre content minimum MEASURES ADOPTED AT THE THIRTY-SIXTH ANTARCTIC TREATY CONSULTATIVE MEETING Brussels, Belgium, 20-29 May 2013 The Measures1 adopted at the Thirty-sixth Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting are reproduced below from the Final Report of the Meeting. In accordance with Article IX, paragraph 4, of the Antarctic Treaty, the Measures adopted at Consultative Meetings become effective upon approval by all Contracting Parties whose representatives were entitled to participate in the meeting at which they were adopted (i.e. all the Consultative Parties). The full text of the Final Report of the Meeting, including the Decisions and Resolutions adopted at that Meeting and colour copies of the maps found in this command paper, is available on the website of the Antarctic Treaty Secretariat at www.ats.aq/documents. -
Final Report of the Thirty-Sixth Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting
Final Report of the Thirty-sixth Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting ANTARCTIC TREATY CONSULTATIVE MEETING Final Report of the Thirty-sixth Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting Brussels, Belgium 20–29 May 2013 Volume I Secretariat of the Antarctic Treaty Buenos Aires 2013 Published by: Secretariat of the Antarctic Treaty Secrétariat du Traité sur l’ Antarctique Секретариат Договора об Антарктике Secretaría del Tratado Antártico Maipú 757, Piso 4 C1006ACI Ciudad Autónoma Buenos Aires - Argentina Tel: +54 11 4320 4260 Fax: +54 11 4320 4253 This book is also available from: www.ats.aq (digital version) and online-purchased copies. ISSN 2346-9897 Contents VOLUME I Acronyms and Abbreviations 9 PART I. FINAL REPORT 11 1. Final Report 13 2. CEP XVI Report 87 3. Appendices 169 ATCM XXXVI Communiqué 171 Preliminary Agenda for ATCM XXXVII 173 PART II. MEASURES, DECISIONS AND RESOLUTIONS 175 1. Measures 177 Measure 1 (2013) ASPA No 108 (Green Island, Berthelot Islands, Antarctic Peninsula): Revised Management Plan 179 Measure 2 (2013) ASPA No 117 (Avian Island, Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula): Revised Management Plan 181 Measure 3 (2013) ASPA No 123 (Barwick and Balham Valleys, Southern Victoria Land): Revised Management Plan 183 Measure 4 (2013) ASPA No 132 (Potter Peninsula, King George Island (Isla 25 de Mayo), South Shetland Islands): Revised Management Plan 185 Measure 5 (2013) ASPA No 134 (Cierva Point and offshore islands, Danco Coast, Antarctic Peninsula): Revised Management Plan 187 Measure 6 (2013) ASPA No 135 (North-east Bailey -
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flNiTflRCililCl A NEWS BULLETIN published quarterly by the NEW ZEALAND ANTARCTIC SOCIETY (INC) svs-r^s* ■jffim Nine noses pointing home. A team of New Zealand huskies on the way back to Scott Base after a run on the sea ice of McMurdo Sound. Black Island is in the background. Pholo by Colin Monteath \f**lVOL Oy, KUNO. O OHegisierea Wellington, atNew kosi Zealand, uttice asHeadquarters, a magazine. n-.._.u—December, -*r\n*1981 SOUTH GEORGIA SOUTH SANDWICH Is- / SOUTH ORKNEY Is £ \ ^c-c--- /o Orcadas arg \ XJ FALKLAND Is /«Signy I.uk > SOUTH AMERICA / /A #Borga ) S y o w a j a p a n \ £\ ^> Molodezhnaya 4 S O U T H Q . f t / ' W E D D E L L \ f * * / ts\ xr\ussR & SHETLAND>.Ra / / lj/ n,. a nn\J c y DDRONNING d y ^ j MAUD LAND E N D E R B Y \ ) y ^ / Is J C^x. ' S/ E A /CCA« « • * C",.,/? O AT S LrriATCN d I / LAND TV^ ANTARCTIC \V DrushsnRY,a«feneral Be|!rano ARG y\\ Mawson MAC ROBERTSON LAND\ \ aust /PENINSULA'5^ *^Rcjnne J <S\ (see map below) VliAr^PSobral arg \ ^ \ V D a v i s a u s t . 3_ Siple _ South Pole • | U SA l V M I IAmundsen-Scott I U I I U i L ' l I QUEEN MARY LAND ^Mir"Y {ViELLSWORTHTTH \ -^ USA / j ,pt USSR. ND \ *, \ Vfrs'L LAND *; / °VoStOk USSR./ ft' /"^/ A\ /■■"j■ - D:':-V ^%. J ^ , MARIE BYRD\Jx^:/ce She/f-V^ WILKES LAND ,-TERRE , LAND \y ADELIE ,'J GEORGE VLrJ --Dumont d'Urville france Leningradskaya USSR ,- 'BALLENY Is ANTARCTIC PENIMSULA 1 Teniente Matienzo arg 2 Esperanza arg 3 Almirante Brown arg 4 Petrel arg 5 Deception arg 6 Vicecomodoro Marambio arg ' ANTARCTICA 7 Arturo Prat chile 8 Bernardo O'Higgins chile 9 P r e s i d e n t e F r e i c h i l e : O 5 0 0 1 0 0 0 K i l o m e t r e s 10 Stonington I. -
Cape Washington and Silverfish Bay Are Located in Northern Terra Nova Bay, Victoria Land, Ross Sea
Measure 17 (2013) Annex Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area (ASPA) No. 173 Cape Washington & Silverfish Bay Northern Terra Nova Bay Ross Sea Introduction Cape Washington and Silverfish Bay are located in northern Terra Nova Bay, Victoria Land, Ross Sea. Approximate area and coordinates: 286 km2 (centered at 164° 57.6' E, 74° 37.1' S), of which 279.5 km2 is marine (98 %) and 6.5 km2 is terrestrial (2 %). The primary reasons for designation of the Area are the outstanding ecological and scientific values. One of the largest emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) colonies in Antarctica breeds on sea ice adjacent to Cape Washington, with around 20,000 breeding pairs comprising approximately eight percent of the global emperor population and ~21% of the population in the Ross Sea. Several factors, such as location, ice conditions, weather and accessibility provide relatively consistent and stable opportunities to observe emperor chick fledging reliably and the presence of a variety of other species make it an ideal place to study ecosystem interactions. The extended record of observations of the emperor colony at Cape Washington is of important scientific value. Approximately 20 km west of Cape Washington, the first documented ‘nursery’ and hatching area for Antarctic silverfish (Pleuragramma antarcticum) is located at Silverfish Bay. Recent research has shown that the concentration of spawning on occasions extends all the way across the embayment to Cape Washington. The first ground-breaking studies on the life-history of this species have been made at the site, and its relative accessibility to nearby research stations make the Area important for biological research. -
1 Compiled by Mike Wing New Zealand Antarctic Society (Inc
ANTARCTIC 1 Compiled by Mike Wing US bulldozer, 1: 202, 340, 12: 54, New Zealand Antarctic Society (Inc) ACECRC, see Antarctic Climate & Ecosystems Cooperation Research Centre Volume 1-26: June 2009 Acevedo, Capitan. A.O. 4: 36, Ackerman, Piers, 21: 16, Vessel names are shown viz: “Aconcagua” Ackroyd, Lieut. F: 1: 307, All book reviews are shown under ‘Book Reviews’ Ackroyd-Kelly, J. W., 10: 279, All Universities are shown under ‘Universities’ “Aconcagua”, 1: 261 Aircraft types appear under Aircraft. Acta Palaeontolegica Polonica, 25: 64, Obituaries & Tributes are shown under 'Obituaries', ACZP, see Antarctic Convergence Zone Project see also individual names. Adam, Dieter, 13: 6, 287, Adam, Dr James, 1: 227, 241, 280, Vol 20 page numbers 27-36 are shared by both Adams, Chris, 11: 198, 274, 12: 331, 396, double issues 1&2 and 3&4. Those in double issue Adams, Dieter, 12: 294, 3&4 are marked accordingly. Adams, Ian, 1: 71, 99, 167, 229, 263, 330, 2: 23, Adams, J.B., 26: 22, Adams, Lt. R.D., 2: 127, 159, 208, Adams, Sir Jameson Obituary, 3: 76, A Adams Cape, 1: 248, Adams Glacier, 2: 425, Adams Island, 4: 201, 302, “101 In Sung”, f/v, 21: 36, Adamson, R.G. 3: 474-45, 4: 6, 62, 116, 166, 224, ‘A’ Hut restorations, 12: 175, 220, 25: 16, 277, Aaron, Edwin, 11: 55, Adare, Cape - see Hallett Station Abbiss, Jane, 20: 8, Addison, Vicki, 24: 33, Aboa Station, (Finland) 12: 227, 13: 114, Adelaide Island (Base T), see Bases F.I.D.S. Abbott, Dr N.D. -
2003-2004 Science Planning Summary
2003-2004 USAP Field Season Table of Contents Project Indexes Project Websites Station Schedules Technical Events Environmental and Health & Safety Initiatives 2003-2004 USAP Field Season Table of Contents Project Indexes Project Websites Station Schedules Technical Events Environmental and Health & Safety Initiatives 2003-2004 USAP Field Season Project Indexes Project websites List of projects by principal investigator List of projects by USAP program List of projects by institution List of projects by station List of projects by event number digits List of deploying team members Teachers Experiencing Antarctica Scouting In Antarctica Technical Events Media Visitors 2003-2004 USAP Field Season USAP Station Schedules Click on the station name below to retrieve a list of projects supported by that station. Austral Summer Season Austral Estimated Population Openings Winter Season Station Operational Science Opening Summer Winter 20 August 01 September 890 (weekly 23 February 187 McMurdo 2003 2003 average) 2004 (winter total) (WinFly*) (mainbody) 2,900 (total) 232 (weekly South 24 October 30 October 15 February 72 average) Pole 2003 2003 2004 (winter total) 650 (total) 27- 34-44 (weekly 17 October 40 Palmer September- 8 April 2004 average) 2003 (winter total) 2003 75 (total) Year-round operations RV/IB NBP RV LMG Research 39 science & 32 science & staff Vessels Vessel schedules on the Internet: staff 25 crew http://www.polar.org/science/marine. 25 crew Field Camps Air Support * A limited number of science projects deploy at WinFly. 2003-2004 USAP Field Season Technical Events Every field season, the USAP sponsors a variety of technical events that are not scientific research projects but support one or more science projects. -
Science & Management Edmonson Point
Science and Management at Edmonson Point Wood Bay, Victoria Land, Ross Sea: Report on the Workshop held in Siena, Italy, 15 April 2003 Prepared for Programma Nazionale di Ricerche in Antartide Italy by Colin M Harris Susie M Grant with Science Reviews by R. Bargagli, N. Cannone & M Guglielmin, S. Focardi 8 June 2003 environmental research and era assessment Science & Management at Edmonson Point Environmental Research and Assessment Science and Management at Edmonson Point Wood Bay, Victoria Land, Ross Sea: Report on the Workshop held in Siena, Italy, 15 April 2003 Colin M Harris Susie M Grant with Science Reviews by R. Bargagli, N. Cannone & M Guglielmin, S. Focardi 8 June 2003 Cover Photo: Edmonson Point in foreground and Mount Melbourne, from the air, looking west. © Colin Harris, January 1994. environmental research and era assessment 5 The Footpath Grantchester Cambridgeshire CB3 9NE United Kingdom Tel: +44-1223-841 880 email: [email protected] www.era.gs /era/projects/pa/italy/edmonson/siena workshop/report 1 Page ii of iv 08/06/03: 09:45 Science & Management at Edmonson Point Environmental Research and Assessment Science and Management at Edmonson Point Wood Bay, Victoria Land, Ross Sea: Report on the Workshop held in Siena, Italy, 15 April 2003 Table of Contents Cover Page i Title Page ii Table of Contents iii Acknowledgements iv 1. Introduction 1 2. Science reviews 4 2.1 Terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems – Prof Roberto Bargagli 4 2.2 Vegetation and permafrost – Dr Nicoletta Cannone & Dr M. Guglielmin 5 2.3 Marine birds and mammals – Prof Silvano Focardi 6 2.4 Geology and glacial geomorphology – Prof Carlo Baroni 8 3. -
Notice of Permit Applications Received Under the Antarctic
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 181 / Monday, September 20, 2010 / Notices 57299 designation of certain animals and NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION Bratina Island will be samples as two certain geographic areas a requiring reference controls sites for their study of special protection. The regulations Notice of Permit Applications Received the temporal and spatial scales of establish such a permit system to Under the Antarctic Conservation Act various types of disturbances in and designate Antarctic Specially Protected of 1978 (Pub. L. 95–541) around McMurdo Station, Antarctica. Areas. AGENCY: National Science Foundation. The sampling locations at Cape Royds will be situated to avoid disturbance to The applications received are as ACTION: Notice of Permit Applications biota in the area. The other sites, Arrival follows: Received under the Antarctic Heights and Hut Point, have been Conservation Act of 1978, Public Law 1. Applicant—Permit Application No. sampled in past field seasons and are 95–541. 2011–016, Paul Ponganis, Center for slated to be sampled as part of the Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, SUMMARY: The National Science ongoing environmental monitoring Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Foundation (NSF) is required to publish program. University of California, San Diego, La notice of permit applications received to Location Jolla, CA 92093–0204. conduct activities regulated under the Cape Royds (ASPA 157), Bratina Activity for Which Permit Is Requested Antarctic Conservation Act of 1978. NSF has published regulations under Island, Arrival Heights (ASPA 122) and Take, Enter Antarctic Specially the Antarctic Conservation Act at Title Hut Point (ASPA 158). Protected Areas, and Import into the 45 Part 670 of the Code of Federal Dates Regulations.