DOCSLIB.ORG

The Fauna of the Ross Sea

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

ISSN 2538-1016; 32 NEW ZEALAND DEPARTMENT OF SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH BULLETIN 176 The Fauna of the Ross Sea PART 5 General Accounts, Station Lists, and Benthic Ecology by JOHN S. BULLIVANT and JOHN H. DEARBORN New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir No. 32 1967 THE FAUNA OF THE ROSS SEA PART 5 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ Photograph: E. J. Thornley HMNZS Endeavour leaving Wellington for the Ice Edge This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ NEW ZEALAND DEPARTMENT OF SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH BULLETIN 176 The Fauna of the Ross Sea PART 5 General Accounts, Station Lists, and Benthic Ecology :'\'ew Zealand Oceanographic Institute Ross Sea Investigations, 1958-60: General Account and Station List by JOHN S. BULLIVANT Stanford University Invertebrate Studies in the Ross Sea, 1958-61: General Account and Station List by JOHN H. DEARBORN Ecology of the Ross Sea Benthos by JOHN S. BULLIVANT New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir No. 32 1967 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ This publication should be referred to as: N.Z. Dep. sci. industr. Res. Bull. 176 Edited by P. Burton, Information Service, D.S.I.R. Received for publication 18 January 1965 © 1967 CROWN COPYRIGHT R. E. OWEN, GOVERNMENT PRINTER, WELLINGTON, NEW ZEALAND-1967 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ FOREWORD Each summer season since 1956-57 the New Zealand Oceanographic Institute has undertaken one or more research cruises in the Antarctic, initially as part of the International Geophysical Year programmes and their extensions, and latterly as part of the New Zealand Antarctic Research Programme. The major efforts of the 1958-59 and 1959-60 seasons were devoted to an oceano­ graphic survey of the Ross Sea in which, as well as associated hydrological informa­ tion, sediment samples, plankton, and fish, substantial collections of benthic animals were obtained. Each of these expeditions was led by J. S. Bullivant. The cooperation of the New Zealand Naval Board and of the Commanding Officer and ship's company of HMNZS Endeavour is gratefully acknowledged. The Antarctic Division has materially assisted the field and laboratory work by the secondment of staffand provision of equipment. In 1957-58 biologists of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition made collections of benthic material from stations in McMurdo Sound and in the southern Ross Sea. Their collections have contributed significantly to the systematic studies of Ross Sea benthos now being undertaken. From 1958 to 1961 Stanford Unive1 sity carried out a programme of marine bio­ logical research in the Antarctic under the leadership of Professor Donald E. Wohlschlag, the field work being led by J. H. Dearborn. While the Oceanographic Institute collections were mainly of deeper water faunas, the Stanford benthic in­ vertebrate collections were made principally in the vicinity of McMurdo Sound. The available collections are thus in many ways complementary to one another. The preliminary editing of the manuscripts has been done by Mrs P. M. Cullen and Dr D. E. Hurley. J. W. BRODIE, Director, N.Z. Oceanographic Institute. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ CONTENTS N.Z. OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTE Ross SEA INVESTIGATIONS, 1958-60: GENERAL ACCOUNT AND STATION LIST By John S. Bullivant Page Abstract 9 Introduction 9 Previous Oceanographic Work 11 Underway Observations 13 Ross Sea Oceanographic Survey 1958-59 13 Ross Sea Oceanographic Survey 1959-60 14 Equipment and Sampling Technique 16 Ship 16 Equipment 17 References . 18 Appendices 1. Systematists Currently Reporting on Ross Sea Material 19 2. Papers Published from the Observations and Collections of the N.Z. 0.1. Expeditions to the Ross Sea 19 Station List of New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Collections, 1959-61 20 Station List of T.A.E. Collections, 1956-58 26 Plankton Stations T.A.E. Collections, 1957-58 . 29 STANFORD UNIVERSITY INVERTEBRATE STUDIES IN THE Ross SEA 1958-61: GENERAL ACCOUNT AND STATION LIST By John H. Dearborn Page Abstract 31 Introduction 31 Objectives 31 Area Studied 32 Methods 32 Collecting Techniques 32 Laboratory Work 3435 Station Details Results .. 44 Scope of Faunal Survey .. 44 Hydrological Data 44 Effects of Jee on Marine Ecology .. .. 44 General Survey of Material Collected in McMurdo Sound .. 45 Collections 46 Reports .. 46 Acknowledgments .. 46 References . 46 Appendix 3 .. 47 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ ECOLOGY OF THE Ross SEA BENTHOS By John S. Bullivant Page Abstract 49 Introduction 49 Fauna! Groupings Referred to Substrate 50 Coarse and Fine Sediment Areas 50 Stations on Barnacle-plate Bottom .. 50 Shelf-edge Stations 53 Pennell Bank and Slope Areas 55 McMurdo Sound Stations 60 The Ross Sea Fauna! Assemblages 62 Deep Shelf Mixed Assemblage 62 Deep Shelf Mud Bottom Assemblage 62 Pennell Bank Assemblage .. 62 Minor Assemblages 62 Miscellaneous Groupings .. 67 Relation of Previous Dredgings to the Present Classification 68 Features of the Ross Sea Benthos .. 70 Summary-Ross Sea Benthic Assemblages 71 Discussion .. 72 The Benthos in Other Regions of the Antarctic 72 Comparison with the Arctic Benthos 72 Relation to Depth Zones 73 Conclusions 73 Acknowledgments 74 References 74 Index 76 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Ross Sea Investigations, 1958-60: General Account and Station List* by JOHNS. BULLIVANT New Zealand Oceanographic Institute, Wellington Abstract A general �ccount and station list of the New Zealand Oceanographic Institute surveys in the Ross Sea durmg the summers of 1958-59 and 1959-60 are given. Details of Trans-Antarctic Ex­ pedition marine collections and of later collections by the Institute are also presented. INTRODUCTION HMNZS The International Geophysical Year and Trans­ Zealand supply ship Endeavour in the Antarctic Expedition operations opened the way vicinity of McMurdo Sound (9-12 February 1958) for oceanographic studies in the Southern Ocean taking also phytoplankton samples and making and Ross Sea by New Zealand scientists. hydrological measurements. Dr R. W. Balham, biologist and meteorologist The New Zealand Oceanographic Institute with the Ross Sea party of the Commonwealth mounted extensive surveys in McMurdo Sound Trans-Antarctic Expedition, wintered over at Scott and the Ross Sea from Endeavour during the Base during 1957, studying birds and seals, and following summers, 1958-59 and 1959-60 (fig. 1), making collections of fish and marine invertebrates and the present report, completed in 1964, deals through the ice in McMurdo Sound. Dr R. E. primarily with these. Barwick, then of the Zoology Department, Victoria University of Wellington, spent three Programme successive summers between 1956 and 1959 in For the summer of 1958-59 the Institute planned McMurdo Sound with T.A.E. and New Zealand and occupied a series of stations in parallel lines field parties. During the 1956-57 and 1957-58 from the coast (or ice barrier) north-eastward seasons he collected marine biological material across the outer edge of the deep shelf bounding the with grab and trawl in McMurdo Sound. In the Ross Sea. Observations at each station were to second summer he made fourtrawls from the New include a grab haul, a trawl, a reversing water bottle cast, a vertical plankton haul, and a phyto­ plankton sample. *THE FAUNA OF THE Ross SEA. Part 5. 1967. General The 1958-59 summer party comprised J. S. Acc<?unts, Station Lists, and Benthic Ecology. By John S. Bullivant, zoologist and leader; D. G. McKnight, - Bullivant and John H. Dearborn. N.Z. Dep. sci. industr. Res. Bull. 176 assistant zoologist; A. G. Macfarlane, assistant 9 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ ISO• NEW ZEALAND "'.CHATHAM IS ·BOUNTY IS 160 THE SNARES .-ANTIPODES IS 160° <'UCKlA\ 15 , CAMPBELL I t-1ACOUARIE I FIG. 1. Locality Map. 10 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ hydrologist (all of N.Z.O.I.); Dr R. K. Dell, benthos at three positions along the Victoria zoologist (Dominion Museum, Wellington); J. Land coast. Reseck, Jun., zoologist (Long Beach State Col­ Following the 1958-59 survey a number of lege, California); N. A. Powell, student assistant systematists were personally invited to report on the (Antarctic Division, D.S.I.R.). benthic material collected. (For reports and pro­ In the second summer, coordinated oceano­ gress see Appendix 1.) graphic and seismic refraction work was carried D.S.I.R. The results of their work appears in the Series out with Geophysics Division, Oceano­ under the general title "Fauna of the Ross Sea", graphic observations were concentrated on Pennell and deals with material taken during the five Bank and in McMurdo Sound, where previous summers of collecting by New Zealand scientists investigations had shown the benthos to be rich in the Ross Sea; also with material collected by and varied.
Recommended publications
  • My Dear Beaufort: a Personal Letter from John Ross's Arctic Expedition

    My Dear Beaufort: a Personal Letter from John Ross's Arctic Expedition

    ARCTIC VOL. 40, NO. 1 (MARCH 1987) P. 66-77 My Dear Beaufort: A Personal Letter from John Ross’s Arctic Expedition of 1829-33 CLIVE HOLLAND’ and JAMES M. SAVELLE2 (Received 30 January 1986; accepted in revised form 6 October 1986) ABSTRACT. During his four years’ residence in the Canadian Arctic in search of a Northwest Passage in 1829-33, John Ross wrote a private letter to Francis Beaufort, Hydrographer of the Navy. The letter, reproduced here, provides valuable historical insights into many aspects of Ross’s character and of the expedition generally. His feelings of bitterness toward several of his contemporaries, especially John Barrow and William E. Parry, due to the ridicule suffered as a result of the failure of his first arctic voyage in 1818, are especially revealing, as is his apparently uneasy relationship with his nephew and second-in-command, James Clark Ross. Ross’s increasing despair andpessimism with each succeeding enforced wintering and, eventually, the abandonment of the expedition ship Victory are also clearly evident. Finally,the understandable problems of maintaining crew discipline during the final year of the expedition, though downplayed, begin to emerge. Key words: John Ross, arctic exploration, 1829-33 Arctic Expedition, unpublished letter RÉSUMÉ. Durant les quatre années où ilr6sidadans l’Arctique canadien à la recherche du Passage du Nord-Ouest, de 1829 à 1833, John Ross écrivit une lettre personnelle à Francis Beaufort, hydrographe de la marine. Cette lettre, reproduite ici, permet de mieux apprécier du point de vue historique, certains aspects du caractère de Ross et de l’expédition en général.
  • The Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition 1955-1958

    The Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition 1955-1958

    THE COMMONWEALTH TRANS-ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION 1955-1958 HOW THE CROSSING OF ANTARCTICA MOVED NEW ZEALAND TO RECOGNISE ITS ANTARCTIC HERITAGE AND TAKE AN EQUAL PLACE AMONG ANTARCTIC NATIONS A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree PhD - Doctor of Philosophy (Antarctic Studies – History) University of Canterbury Gateway Antarctica Stephen Walter Hicks 2015 Statement of Authority & Originality I certify that the work in this thesis has not been previously submitted for a degree nor has it been submitted as part of requirements for a degree except as fully acknowledged within the text. I also certify that the thesis has been written by me. Any help that I have received in my research and the preparation of the thesis itself has been acknowledged. In addition, I certify that all information sources and literature used are indicated in the thesis. Elements of material covered in Chapter 4 and 5 have been published in: Electronic version: Stephen Hicks, Bryan Storey, Philippa Mein-Smith, ‘Against All Odds: the birth of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition, 1955-1958’, Polar Record, Volume00,(0), pp.1-12, (2011), Cambridge University Press, 2011. Print version: Stephen Hicks, Bryan Storey, Philippa Mein-Smith, ‘Against All Odds: the birth of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition, 1955-1958’, Polar Record, Volume 49, Issue 1, pp. 50-61, Cambridge University Press, 2013 Signature of Candidate ________________________________ Table of Contents Foreword ..................................................................................................................................
  • A NEWS BULLETIN Published Quarterly by the NEW ZEALAND

    A NEWS BULLETIN Published Quarterly by the NEW ZEALAND

    A N E W S B U L L E T I N p u b l i s h e d q u a r t e r l y b y t h e NEW ZEALAND ANTARCTIC SOCIETY THESE VISITORS TO LAKE FRYXELL IN THE TAYLOR VALLEY ARE LIKE DWARFS AGAINST THE TOWERING CANADA GLACIER WHICH FLOWS DOWN FROM THE ASGAARD RANGE. —Photo by R. K. McBride. Antarctic Division, D.S.I.R. September 1972 «i (Successor to "Antarctic News Bulletin") Vol. 6, No. 7 67th ISSUE Editor: H. F. GRIFFITHS, 14 Woodchester Avenue, Christchurch 1. Assistant Editor: J. M. CAFFIN, 35 Chepstow Avenue, Christchurch 5. Address all contributions, enquiries, etc., to the Editor. All Business Communications, Subscriptions, etc., to: The Secretary, New Zealand Antarctic Society, P.O. Box 1223, Christchurch, N.Z CONTENTS ARTICLES SECOND-IN-COMMAND POLAR ACTIVITIES NEW ZEALAND 222, 225, 231, 240, 243, 251, 253 U.S.A 226, 232, 252 AUSTRALIA 236 UNITED KINGDOM 234 U.S.S.R 238, 239, 241 SOUTH AFRICA 242, 250 CZECHOSLOVAKIA 235 SUB-ANTARCTIC CAMPBELL ISLAND GENERAL LONE TRIP TO POLE DISCOVERY EXPEDITION LETTERS WHALING QUOTAS FIXED ANTARCTIC BOOKSHELF Fifteen years have passed since the International Geophysical Year of 1957-58 and it might be thought that the Antarctic Continent, through the continuing research carried out by the participating nations, would by now have yielded up all its secrets. But this is a false premise; new discoveries in the various branches of science have either highlighted gaps in our knowledge or have pointed the way to investigation in new fields.
  • Species Status Assessment Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes Fosteri)

    Species Status Assessment Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes Fosteri)

    SPECIES STATUS ASSESSMENT EMPEROR PENGUIN (APTENODYTES FOSTERI) Emperor penguin chicks being socialized by male parents at Auster Rookery, 2008. Photo Credit: Gary Miller, Australian Antarctic Program. Version 1.0 December 2020 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Program Branch of Delisting and Foreign Species Falls Church, Virginia Acknowledgements: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Penguins are flightless birds that are highly adapted for the marine environment. The emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) is the tallest and heaviest of all living penguin species. Emperors are near the top of the Southern Ocean’s food chain and primarily consume Antarctic silverfish, Antarctic krill, and squid. They are excellent swimmers and can dive to great depths. The average life span of emperor penguin in the wild is 15 to 20 years. Emperor penguins currently breed at 61 colonies located around Antarctica, with the largest colonies in the Ross Sea and Weddell Sea. The total population size is estimated at approximately 270,000–280,000 breeding pairs or 625,000–650,000 total birds. Emperor penguin depends upon stable fast ice throughout their 8–9 month breeding season to complete the rearing of its single chick. They are the only warm-blooded Antarctic species that breeds during the austral winter and therefore uniquely adapted to its environment. Breeding colonies mainly occur on fast ice, close to the coast or closely offshore, and amongst closely packed grounded icebergs that prevent ice breaking out during the breeding season and provide shelter from the wind. Sea ice extent in the Southern Ocean has undergone considerable inter-annual variability over the last 40 years, although with much greater inter-annual variability in the five sectors than for the Southern Ocean as a whole.
  • From Bermuda Based Siege Vessel to Arctic Explorer

    From Bermuda Based Siege Vessel to Arctic Explorer

    From Bermuda based siege vessel to arctic explorer May 12, 2021 Not all ships earn fantastic stories filled with intrigue and mystery, in fact most ships live rather dull lives. However, the story of HMS Terror, is rich, lengthy, and tragically full of misfortune for her crew. From her early start as a siege vessel based out of Bermuda during the War of 1812 to her ill-fated polar expedition in search of the fabled Northwest Passage, the story of HMSTerror illustrates the evolving function of the Royal Navy and Bermuda’s role within that history. HMS Terror‘s story also connects two diametrically opposed locations: warm and sub- tropical Bermuda and the harsh climate of the arctic tundra. HMS Terror, Bermuda + Siege of Baltimore The Royal Naval Dockyard, which is now home to the National Museum of Bermuda, was a crucial location for the British Royal Navy’s control over the Atlantic in the 19th century, especially after the British lost their North American holdings during the American Revolution. Bermuda’s proximity to the North American East Coast made it the perfect staging location for the War of 1812. The Island was close enough to easily stage military campaigns against the US mainland while was also far enough to ensure that there was no threat of invasion from a then non-existent US Navy and provide a safe haven for the hundreds of ships and thousands of sailors to call home. In 1814 HMS Terror was established as an integral part of the fleet in Bermuda, where she participated in raids and sieges on American East Coast cities.
  • NJDARM: Collection Guide

    NJDARM: Collection Guide

    NJDARM: Collection Guide - NEW JERSEY STATE ARCHIVES COLLECTION GUIDE Record Group: Governor Franklin Murphy (1846-1920; served 1902-1905) Series: Correspondence, 1902-1905 Accession #: 1989.009, Unknown Series #: S3400001 Guide Date: 1987 (JK) Volume: 6 c.f. [12 boxes] Box 1 | Box 2 | Box 3 | Box 4 | Box 5 | Box 6 | Box 7 | Box 8 | Box 9 | Box 10 | Box 11 | Box 12 Contents Explanatory Note: All correspondence is either to or from the Governor's office unless otherwise stated. Box 1 1. Elections, 1901-1903. 2. Primary election reform, 1902-1903. 3. Requests for interviews, 1902-1904 (2 files). 4. Taxation, 1902-1904. 5. Miscellaneous bills before State Legislature and U.S. Congress, 1902 (2 files). 6. Letters of congratulation, 1902. 7. Acknowledgements to letters recommending government appointees, 1902. 8. Fish and game, 1902-1904 (3 files). 9. Tuberculosis Sanatorium Commission, 1902-1904. 10. Invitations to various functions, April - July 1904. 11. Requests for Governor's autograph and photograph, 1902-1904. 12. Princeton Battle Monument, 1902-1904. 13. Forestry, 1901-1905. 14. Estate of Imlay Clark(e), 1902. 15. Correspondence re: railroad passes & telegraph stamps, 1902-1903. 16. Delinquent Corporations, 1901-1905 (2 files). 17. Robert H. McCarter, Attorney General, 1903-1904. 18. New Jersey Reformatories, 1902-1904 (6 files). Box 2 19. Reappointment of Minister Powell to Haiti, 1901-1902. 20. Corporations and charters, 1902-1904. 21. Miscellaneous complaint letters, December 1901-1902. file:///M|/highpoint/webdocs/state/darm/darm2011/guides/guides%20for%20pdf/s3400001.html[5/16/2011 9:33:48 AM] NJDARM: Collection Guide - 22. Joshua E.
  • Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards (ACRS)

    Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards (ACRS)

    Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 95 / Wednesday, May 16, 2012 / Notices 28903 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Dates Detailed meeting agendas and meeting Polly A. Penhale at the above address or October 1, 2012 to December 30, 2012. transcripts are available on the NRC (703) 292–7420. Web site at http://www.nrc.gov/reading- Nadene G. Kennedy, rm/doc-collections/acrs. Information SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Permit Officer, Office of Polar Programs. regarding topics to be discussed, National Science Foundation, as [FR Doc. 2012–11840 Filed 5–15–12; 8:45 am] changes to the agenda, whether the directed by the Antarctic Conservation BILLING CODE 7555–01–P meeting has been canceled or Act of 1978 (Pub. L. 95–541), as rescheduled, and the time allotted to amended by the Antarctic Science, present oral statements can be obtained Tourism and Conservation Act of 1996, from the Web site cited above or by has developed regulations for the NUCLEAR REGULATORY contacting the identified DFO. establishment of a permit system for COMMISSION Moreover, in view of the possibility that various activities in Antarctica and the schedule for ACRS meetings may be designation of certain animals and Advisory Committee on Reactor adjusted by the Chairman as necessary certain geographic areas requiring Safeguards (ACRS) Meeting of the to facilitate the conduct of the meeting, special protection. The regulations ACRS Subcommittee on Fukushima; persons planning to attend should check establish such a permit system to Notice of Meeting with these references if such designate Antarctic Specially Protected The ACRS Subcommittee on rescheduling would result in a major Areas.
  • The Antarctic Treaty

    The Antarctic Treaty

    The Antarctic Treaty Measures adopted at the Thirty-ninth Consultative Meeting held at Santiago, Chile 23 May – 1 June 2016 Presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs by Command of Her Majesty November 2017 Cm 9542 © Crown copyright 2017 This publication is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated. To view this licence, visit nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3 Where we have identified any third party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. This publication is available at www.gov.uk/government/publications Any enquiries regarding this publication should be sent to us at Treaty Section, Foreign and Commonwealth Office, King Charles Street, London, SW1A 2AH ISBN 978-1-5286-0126-9 CCS1117441642 11/17 Printed on paper containing 75% recycled fibre content minimum Printed in the UK by the APS Group on behalf of the Controller of Her Majestyʼs Stationery Office MEASURES ADOPTED AT THE THIRTY-NINTH ANTARCTIC TREATY CONSULTATIVE MEETING Santiago, Chile 23 May – 1 June 2016 The Measures1 adopted at the Thirty-ninth Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting are reproduced below from the Final Report of the Meeting. In accordance with Article IX, paragraph 4, of the Antarctic Treaty, the Measures adopted at Consultative Meetings become effective upon approval by all Contracting Parties whose representatives were entitled to participate in the meeting at which they were adopted (i.e. all the Consultative Parties). The full text of the Final Report of the Meeting, including the Decisions and Resolutions adopted at that Meeting and colour copies of the maps found in this command paper, is available on the website of the Antarctic Treaty Secretariat at www.ats.aq/documents.
  • Federal Register/Vol. 84, No. 78/Tuesday, April 23, 2019/Rules

    Federal Register/Vol. 84, No. 78/Tuesday, April 23, 2019/Rules

    Federal Register / Vol. 84, No. 78 / Tuesday, April 23, 2019 / Rules and Regulations 16791 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., nor does it require Agricultural commodities, Pesticides SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The any special considerations under and pests, Reporting and recordkeeping Antarctic Conservation Act of 1978, as Executive Order 12898, entitled requirements. amended (‘‘ACA’’) (16 U.S.C. 2401, et ‘‘Federal Actions to Address Dated: April 12, 2019. seq.) implements the Protocol on Environmental Justice in Minority Environmental Protection to the Richard P. Keigwin, Jr., Populations and Low-Income Antarctic Treaty (‘‘the Protocol’’). Populations’’ (59 FR 7629, February 16, Director, Office of Pesticide Programs. Annex V contains provisions for the 1994). Therefore, 40 CFR chapter I is protection of specially designated areas Since tolerances and exemptions that amended as follows: specially managed areas and historic are established on the basis of a petition sites and monuments. Section 2405 of under FFDCA section 408(d), such as PART 180—[AMENDED] title 16 of the ACA directs the Director the tolerance exemption in this action, of the National Science Foundation to ■ do not require the issuance of a 1. The authority citation for part 180 issue such regulations as are necessary proposed rule, the requirements of the continues to read as follows: and appropriate to implement Annex V Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 Authority: 21 U.S.C. 321(q), 346a and 371. to the Protocol. et seq.) do not apply. ■ 2. Add § 180.1365 to subpart D to read The Antarctic Treaty Parties, which This action directly regulates growers, as follows: includes the United States, periodically food processors, food handlers, and food adopt measures to establish, consolidate retailers, not States or tribes.
  • Moult of the Emperor Penguin: Travel, Location, and Habitat Selection

    Moult of the Emperor Penguin: Travel, Location, and Habitat Selection

    MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Vol. 204: 269–277, 2000 Published October 5 Mar Ecol Prog Ser Moult of the emperor penguin: travel, location, and habitat selection G. L. Kooyman1,*, E. C. Hunke2, S. F. Ackley3, R. P. van Dam1, G. Robertson4 1Scholander Hall, 0204, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California 92093, USA 2MS-B216, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA 3Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory 72 Lyme Rd., Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA 4Australian Antarctic Division, Channel Highway, Kingston 7050, Tasmania, Australia ABSTRACT: All penguins except emperors Aptenodytes forsteri and Adelies Pygoscelis adeliae moult on land, usually near the breeding colonies. These 2 Antarctic species typically moult some- where in the pack-ice. Emperor penguins begin their moult in early summer when the pack-ice cover of the Antarctic Ocean is receding. The origin of the few moulting birds seen by observers on pass- ing ships is unknown, and the locations are often far from any known colonies. We attached satellite transmitters to 12 breeding adult A. forsteri from western Ross Sea colonies before they departed the colony for the last time before moulting. In addition, we surveyed some remote areas of the Weddell Sea north and east of some large colonies that are located along the southern and western borders of this sea. The tracked birds moved at a rate of nearly 50 km d–1 for more than 1000 km over 30 d to reach areas of perennially consistent pack-ice. Almost all birds traveled to the eastern Ross Sea and western Amundsen Sea.
  • ROLF E. PETERS and MARY ANN CHANCE INTRODUCTION D.D

    ROLF E. PETERS and MARY ANN CHANCE INTRODUCTION D.D

    "The Lost Years"—1902-1904 ROLF E. PETERS and MARY ANN CHANCE ABSTRACT: Cyrus Lerner, an investigative lawyer, produced a report on chiropractic that identified the period of 1902-1904 as "The Lost Years" of chiropractic. This paper is an attempt to fill in that period based on later published research and our own investigations. INDEXTERMSiMeSH: CHIROPRACTIC; HISTORICAL ARTICLE. Chiropr J Aust 2003; 33: 2-10. INTRODUCTION Clarence N. Flick, DC, of St Albans, NY established the Thus the D.D. Palmer era—with D.D. as the sole authority Foundation for Health Research Inc., which was chartered in teaching chiropractic at his school—ended when he decided New York on 20 January 1950. The Foundation believed that to leave for Califomia in 1902, apparently not giving any 36 years of failed efforts to achieve licensure for the profession reason. in the state of New York were due to the difficult-to-challenge perception that the chiropractic claim was without scientific B.J. PALMER: HOLDING THE BAG basis and that it represented a potential danger to public health. With the disappearance of D.D. Palmer from Davenport, The Foundation hired Cyrus M. Lerner, a prominent B.J. Palmer was left in sole charge. Prior to his graduation, investigative attorney, to explore every fact bearing on the B.J. had already practised in Manistique, Michigan, from 20 historical basis and development of chiropractic. He had full June 1901 to 31 September 1901 He lodged at the home of access to the archives at the Palmer School, as well as G. Keils, on River Street.^ His first patient, seen on 20 June newspaper and court records, and had several interviews with 1901, was Dr.
  • The Antarctic Crustal Profile Seismic Project, Ross Sea, Antarctica ALAN K

    The Antarctic Crustal Profile Seismic Project, Ross Sea, Antarctica ALAN K

    200,000 years are obviously affected to a lesser degree than argon (40Ar) to excess argon (40ArE) and are, therefore, taken younger samples containing a lower proportion of radiogenic to be a truer representation of the actual age of that particu- _______________________ lar sample. Still, it must be noted that all the 40Ar/ 39Ar ages pro- 40Ar139Ar ages for Mount Erebus as determined in this study duced from Mount Erebus are maximum ages owing to the uncertainty of complete removal (through sample preparation) of all excess argon. 48±9a Excess argon—Too Old Summit phenocrysts Evaluation of these new data Summit phenocrysts -10 179±16a Excess argon—Too Old Summit phenocrysts #2 49±27a Excess argon—Too Old is still in progress; however, it is Summit phenocrysts #2 30-40 641±27a Excess argon—Too Old apparent that our new age deter- Summit (bomb) glass 100 101±16a Excess argon—Too Old minations are significantly Lower Hut flow <1 24±4b Acceptable younger than those previously Three Sisters cones -4 26±2b Acceptable obtained by the conventional Three Sisters cones 11 1±8b Contamination? K/Ar method. The evolution and 36±4 Hoopers Shoulder <1 b Acceptable growth of Mount Erebus may Hoopers Shoulder cone 32±5b Acceptable have been much faster than pre- a Hoopers Shoulder cone -5 94±15 Excess argon viously thought. 42±4b Contamination? Cape Evans This research was supported Cape Evans -5 32±6b Acceptable Cape Royds -2 735b Acceptable by National Science Foundation Cape Royds -20 153±32a Excess argon grant OPP 91-18056.