DOCSLIB.ORG

2003-2004 Science Planning Summary

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
2003-2004 Science Planning Summary 2003-2004 USAP Field Season Table of Contents Project Indexes Project Websites Station Schedules Technical Events Environmental and Health & Safety Initiatives 2003-2004 USAP Field Season Table of Contents Project Indexes Project Websites Station Schedules Technical Events Environmental and Health & Safety Initiatives 2003-2004 USAP Field Season Project Indexes Project websites List of projects by principal investigator List of projects by USAP program List of projects by institution List of projects by station List of projects by event number digits List of deploying team members Teachers Experiencing Antarctica Scouting In Antarctica Technical Events Media Visitors 2003-2004 USAP Field Season USAP Station Schedules Click on the station name below to retrieve a list of projects supported by that station. Austral Summer Season Austral Estimated Population Openings Winter Season Station Operational Science Opening Summer Winter 20 August 01 September 890 (weekly 23 February 187 McMurdo 2003 2003 average) 2004 (winter total) (WinFly*) (mainbody) 2,900 (total) 232 (weekly South 24 October 30 October 15 February 72 average) Pole 2003 2003 2004 (winter total) 650 (total) 27- 34-44 (weekly 17 October 40 Palmer September- 8 April 2004 average) 2003 (winter total) 2003 75 (total) Year-round operations RV/IB NBP RV LMG Research 39 science & 32 science & staff Vessels Vessel schedules on the Internet: staff 25 crew http://www.polar.org/science/marine. 25 crew Field Camps Air Support * A limited number of science projects deploy at WinFly. 2003-2004 USAP Field Season Technical Events Every field season, the USAP sponsors a variety of technical events that are not scientific research projects but support one or more science projects. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center: NAILS, MTRS1, MTRS2, and NASA GSFC SPTR T-008-M ICDS Ice Core Drilling Services T-150-M Arctic and Antarctic Research Center at Scripps Institution of Scripps AARC Oceanography T-312-M/P/S Installation, operation and maintenance of a Comprehensive Test CTBT Ban Treaty class infrasound array in Windless Bight, Antarctica T-396-M MGS NASA/McMurdo Ground Station T-927-M NASA NAILS, MTRS1, MTRS2, and SPTR GSFC Event #: T-008-M Station: McMurdo Work Site: McMurdo Station Team Leader: Michael Comberiate Affiliation: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Code 422 Building 16W, Room N066 Greenbelt, MD 20771 301.286.2165 [email protected] http://www.gsfc.nasa.gov/ Project NASA researchers will perform maintenance and Description: upgrades to their systems during the Austral 2003-2004 summer season: NAILS two-meter satellite tracking station on Ross Island: Perform system checkup, test and repair if necessary Examine spares, reorganize, and retrograde old equipment and equipment for Antarctic Museum display MTRS1 and MTRS2 TDRS uplink station on Black Island: Perform system checkup, repair if necessary The project team will work with a staff communications technician for reconfigurations and repairs. Except for AC power, heat, and internet support to the project team's equipment, normal operations will require no support from McMurdo station contractor support personnel. One communications technician will be needed in the vicinity of the equipment during launch support of NOAA 17 (launched in June 2002) and the DMSP satellite launch scheduled for October. ICDS Ice Core Drilling Services (ICDS) Event #: T-150-M/S Station: South Pole Station USGC observatory 8 kilometers from South Pole Work Site: Station Team Leader: Dr. Charles R. Bentley Affiliation: University of Wisconsin Madison Department of Geology and Geophysics 1215 W. Dayton Street Madison, WI 53706 608.262.0693 [email protected] http://www.ssec.wisc.edu/a3ri/icds/ Project Supporting Rhett Butler's project, G-090-S, the Description: South Pole-based project team will operate the ICDS 4-inch drill system to complete reaming out the last 12" diameter borehole to a depth of about 300 meters. The ICDS team will commute eight kilometers out of South Pole station to the USGS observatory. Team members will also inventory and maintain ICDS drills and supplies in McMurdo. Scripps Arctic and Antarctic Research Center at Scripps Institution of Oceanography AARC (AARC), TeraScan project Event #: T-312-M/N/P McMurdo and Palmer Stations, RV/IB Nathaniel Station: B. Palmer Work Site: TeraScan computer installations Team Leader: Dr. Dan Lubin Affiliation: Scripps Institution of Oceanography Arctic and Antarctic Research Center (AARC) California Space Institute 9500 Gilman Drive, mail code 0214 La Jolla, CA 92093-0221 858.534.6369 [email protected] http://arcane.ucsd.edu Project The AARC is funded to archive and distribute all Description: NOAA and DMSP (Defense Meteorological Satellite Program) data collected south of 60 degrees. The data from polar orbiting satellites are collected by ground stations at McMurdo and Palmer Stations aboard the RV/IB Nathaniel B. Palmer. It is distributed by ARCC to the scientific community and to support contractor meteorologists for forecasting. No project team will be traveling to Antarctica this season. Support contractor technicians will collect data from each TeraScan-equipped station. Data collection is scheduled for the maximum coverage and quantity of NOAA and DMSP data for the McMurdo region on a year- round basis. Before sending the data out, ARCC personnel check it for quality by reading and processing random collected passes. Installation, operation and maintenance of a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty CTBT (CTBT) class infrasound array in Windless Bight, Antarctica Event #: T-396-M Station: McMurdo Work Site: Windless Bight Team Leader: Mr. Daniel L. Osborne Affiliation: University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute 903 Koyukuk Avenue P.O. Box 757320 Fairbanks, AK 99775-7320 907.474.7107 [email protected] http://www.gi.alaska.edu/~jvo/newinfrasound/... infrasound/members.htm Project This group operates and maintains a CTBT Description: (Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty) infrasound array at Windless Bight, Ross Island. Project team members will refuel and service the power system at the Windless Bight installation. Team members will establish a camp at the site and spend about two weeks in the field. Data from the Windless Bight system is forwarded to the CTBT office in Vienna, as well as to the principal investigator's home institution where it will be made available for research into the natural infrasonic background. MGS NASA/McMurdo Ground Station (MGS) Event #: T-927-M Station: McMurdo Work Site: McMurdo Station Team Leader: Mr. Ken Griffin Affiliation: Honeywell Technical Solutions, Inc. NASA Wallops Flight Facility Building E-106, Room 209 Wallops Island, VA 23337 757.824.2478 [email protected] http://www.wff.nasa.gov/~code452/mcmurdo.html Project NASA’s McMurdo Ground Station (MGS) Description: performs critical support for countdown, liftoff and early-orbit phases of satellite launching operations. It also tracks a variety of in-orbit scientific (TRACE, FAST, WIRE, SWAS, GRACE 1 and 2, SAC-C, CHAMP, etc.) and mapping (Radarsat, Lansat-7,QuikSCAT, ERS-2, etc.) satellites. MGS supplies real time data (downlink) and commanding (uplink) support to a variety of projects via NASA’s dedicated 128Kbit data line. Voice support is through a dedicated 16Kbit voice loop with Goddard Space Flight Center. Radarsat, ERS-2 SAR, and Taurus START 2 treaty compliance data will be shipped back to the U.S. for processing. If requested, MGS will uplink data through the MTRS-1 ground station located on Black Island, or MTRS-2 ground station located on Crater Hill through TDRSS (Telemetry and Data Relay Satellite System) to White Sands, New Mexico. Each austral summer, project team members at McMurdo Station are responsible for the maintenance and operation of the ground station. This season the MGS team will relocate their equipment to the Joint Spacecraft Operations Center (JSOC). In addition to relocating the equipment, upgrades may be performed on the system to include a RAID storage device, and system automation enhancements. 2003-2004 USAP Field Season Event Numbering System All projects are identified by a unique event number. It comprises a prefix, a 3-digit number, and a suffix. The prefix is a letter that indicates the USAP program funding a project: Prefix USAP Program A Aeronomy & Astrophysics B Biology & Medicine G Geology & Geophysics I Glaciology O Oceans & Climate Systems W Artists & Writers T Technical Event The 3-digit number provides the uniqueness for each event number. No two projects have the same number. The suffix represents the supporting station. If field work takes place at more than one location the event number carries more than one suffix separated by a slash. Suffix Supporting Station M McMurdo Station P Palmer Station S South Pole Station L R/V Laurence M. Gould N RV/IB Nathaniel B. Palmer Special projects supported by the USAP. Examples include investigators working with E other national antarctic programs, groups working on islands in the peninsula. United States Antarctic Program 2003-2004 Projects PI First Website PI Last Name Event Number Project Title Name Geographic structure of Adelie penguin Go Ainley David B-031-M populations: Demography of population expansion The chemical ecology of shallow-water Go Amsler Charles B-022-L/P marine macroalgae and invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula Go Anandakrishnan Sridhar I-205-M Tidal modulation of ice stream flow Spaceship Earth: Probing the solar wind Go Bieber John A-120-M/S with cosmic rays
Load more

Recommended publications
  • University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan GEOLOGY of the SCOTT GLACIER and WISCONSIN RANGE AREAS, CENTRAL TRANSANTARCTIC MOUNTAINS, ANTARCTICA
    This dissertation has been /»OOAOO m icrofilm ed exactly as received MINSHEW, Jr., Velon Haywood, 1939- GEOLOGY OF THE SCOTT GLACIER AND WISCONSIN RANGE AREAS, CENTRAL TRANSANTARCTIC MOUNTAINS, ANTARCTICA. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1967 Geology University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan GEOLOGY OF THE SCOTT GLACIER AND WISCONSIN RANGE AREAS, CENTRAL TRANSANTARCTIC MOUNTAINS, ANTARCTICA DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University by Velon Haywood Minshew, Jr. B.S., M.S, The Ohio State University 1967 Approved by -Adviser Department of Geology ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This report covers two field seasons in the central Trans- antarctic Mountains, During this time, the Mt, Weaver field party consisted of: George Doumani, leader and paleontologist; Larry Lackey, field assistant; Courtney Skinner, field assistant. The Wisconsin Range party was composed of: Gunter Faure, leader and geochronologist; John Mercer, glacial geologist; John Murtaugh, igneous petrclogist; James Teller, field assistant; Courtney Skinner, field assistant; Harry Gair, visiting strati- grapher. The author served as a stratigrapher with both expedi­ tions . Various members of the staff of the Department of Geology, The Ohio State University, as well as some specialists from the outside were consulted in the laboratory studies for the pre­ paration of this report. Dr. George E. Moore supervised the petrographic work and critically reviewed the manuscript. Dr. J. M. Schopf examined the coal and plant fossils, and provided information concerning their age and environmental significance. Drs. Richard P. Goldthwait and Colin B. B. Bull spent time with the author discussing the late Paleozoic glacial deposits, and reviewed portions of the manuscript.
    [Show full text]
  • Fstate Scientist: Omond Mckillop Solandt and Government Science
    fState Scientist: Omond McKillop Solandt and Government Science in War and Hostile Peace, 1939-1956/ Scientifique.de l'Etat: Omond McKillop Solandt et la Science du Gouvernement lors de la Guerre et de la Paix Hostile, 1939-1956 A Thesis Submitted to the Division of Graduate Studies of the Royal Military College of Canada by Jason Sean Ridler, MA Royal Military College of Canada, 2001 BA (Hons.) York University, 1999 In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2008 ©This thesis may be used within the Department of National Defence but copyright for open publication remains the property of the author. Library and Bibliotheque et 1*1 Archives Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-47901-8 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-47901-8 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non­ L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives and Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par Plntemet, prefer, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans loan, distribute and sell theses le monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, worldwide, for commercial or non­ sur support microforme, papier, electronique commercial purposes, in microform, et/ou autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats.
    [Show full text]
  • Minutes of Meeting at British Antarctic Survey Held on Wednesday 15Th November 2006 at 11.00 Am
    APC(06)2nd Meeting ANTARCTIC PLACE-NAMES COMMITTEE MINUTES OF MEETING AT BRITISH ANTARCTIC SURVEY HELD ON WEDNESDAY 15TH NOVEMBER 2006 AT 11.00 AM. Present Mr P.J. Woodman Chairman Mrs C. Burgess Permanent Committee on Geographical Names Dr K. Crosbie Ad hoc member Prof J.A. Dowdeswell Director, Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge Mr A.J. Fox British Antarctic Survey Mr P. Geelan Ad hoc member: former Chairman, APC Lt Cdr J.E.J. Marshall Hydrographic Office Mr S. Ross Polar Regions Unit, Overseas Territories Department, Foreign and Commonwealth Office Ms J. Rumble Polar Regions Unit, Overseas Territories Department, Foreign and Commonwealth Office Dr J.R. Shears British Antarctic Survey Dr M.R.A. Thomson Ad hoc member Ms A. Martin Secretary 1. Apologies for absence and new members Apologies for absence were received from Dr Hattersley-Smith, Royal Geographical Society. The Chairman welcomed Dr Crosbie who had joined the committee as a result of the recruitment initiative following the last meeting. The Chairman also welcomed Mr Ross, the new BAT Desk Officer at the Polar Regions Unit, Foreign and Commonwealth Office. 2. Minutes of the last meeting, held on 10th May 2006 The minutes were approved by all present. It was pointed out that the letters of reappointment for Mr Geelan, Dr Thomson and Mr Woodman had not been received. The Secretary was asked to look into this and to ensure that the letters were sent. 3. Matters arising from the minutes of the last meeting Secretary’s review of development work being carried out on the BAT Gazetteer and APC website.
    [Show full text]
  • The Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition 1955-1958
    THE COMMONWEALTH TRANS-ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION 1955-1958 HOW THE CROSSING OF ANTARCTICA MOVED NEW ZEALAND TO RECOGNISE ITS ANTARCTIC HERITAGE AND TAKE AN EQUAL PLACE AMONG ANTARCTIC NATIONS A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree PhD - Doctor of Philosophy (Antarctic Studies – History) University of Canterbury Gateway Antarctica Stephen Walter Hicks 2015 Statement of Authority & Originality I certify that the work in this thesis has not been previously submitted for a degree nor has it been submitted as part of requirements for a degree except as fully acknowledged within the text. I also certify that the thesis has been written by me. Any help that I have received in my research and the preparation of the thesis itself has been acknowledged. In addition, I certify that all information sources and literature used are indicated in the thesis. Elements of material covered in Chapter 4 and 5 have been published in: Electronic version: Stephen Hicks, Bryan Storey, Philippa Mein-Smith, ‘Against All Odds: the birth of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition, 1955-1958’, Polar Record, Volume00,(0), pp.1-12, (2011), Cambridge University Press, 2011. Print version: Stephen Hicks, Bryan Storey, Philippa Mein-Smith, ‘Against All Odds: the birth of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition, 1955-1958’, Polar Record, Volume 49, Issue 1, pp. 50-61, Cambridge University Press, 2013 Signature of Candidate ________________________________ Table of Contents Foreword ..................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 1835. EXECUTIVE. *L POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT
    1835. EXECUTIVE. *l POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT. Persons employed in the General Post Office, with the annual compensation of each. Where Compen­ Names. Offices. Born. sation. Dol. cts. Amos Kendall..., Postmaster General.... Mass. 6000 00 Charles K. Gardner Ass't P. M. Gen. 1st Div. N. Jersey250 0 00 SelahR. Hobbie.. Ass't P. M. Gen. 2d Div. N. York. 2500 00 P. S. Loughborough Chief Clerk Kentucky 1700 00 Robert Johnson. ., Accountant, 3d Division Penn 1400 00 CLERKS. Thomas B. Dyer... Principal Book Keeper Maryland 1400 00 Joseph W. Hand... Solicitor Conn 1400 00 John Suter Principal Pay Clerk. Maryland 1400 00 John McLeod Register's Office Scotland. 1200 00 William G. Eliot.. .Chie f Examiner Mass 1200 00 Michael T. Simpson Sup't Dead Letter OfficePen n 1200 00 David Saunders Chief Register Virginia.. 1200 00 Arthur Nelson Principal Clerk, N. Div.Marylan d 1200 00 Richard Dement Second Book Keeper.. do.. 1200 00 Josiah F.Caldwell.. Register's Office N. Jersey 1200 00 George L. Douglass Principal Clerk, S. Div.Kentucky -1200 00 Nicholas Tastet Bank Accountant Spain. 1200 00 Thomas Arbuckle.. Register's Office Ireland 1100 00 Samuel Fitzhugh.., do Maryland 1000 00 Wm. C,Lipscomb. do : for) Virginia. 1000 00 Thos. B. Addison. f Record Clerk con-> Maryland 1000 00 < routes and v....) Matthias Ross f. tracts, N. Div, N. Jersey1000 00 David Koones Dead Letter Office Maryland 1000 00 Presley Simpson... Examiner's Office Virginia- 1000 00 Grafton D. Hanson. Solicitor's Office.. Maryland 1000 00 Walter D. Addison. Recorder, Div. of Acc'ts do..
    [Show full text]
  • Topographic Power Spectra of Cratered Terrains: 10.1002/2014JE004746 Theory and Application to the Moon
    JournalofGeophysicalResearch: Planets RESEARCH ARTICLE Topographic power spectra of cratered terrains: 10.1002/2014JE004746 Theory and application to the Moon Key Points: Margaret A. Rosenburg1, Oded Aharonson2, and Re’em Sari3 • Impact cratering produces characteristic variations in the 1Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA, 2Department topographic PSD of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Technology, Rehovot, Israel, 3Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew • The size-frequency distribution and shape of craters control University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel PSD variations • We investigate the topographic PSD on model terrains and Impact cratering produces characteristic variations in the topographic power spectral density lunar topography Abstract (PSD) of cratered terrains, which are controlled by the size-frequency distribution of craters and the spectral content (shape) of individual features. These variations are investigated here in two parallel Correspondence to: approaches. First, a cratered terrain model, based on Monte Carlo emplacement of craters and benchmarked M. A. Rosenburg, [email protected] by an analytical formulation of the one-dimensional PSD, is employed to generate topographic surfaces at a range of size-frequency power law exponents and shape dependencies. For self-similar craters, the slope of the PSD, , varies inversely with that of the production function, , leveling off to 0 at high (surface Citation: Rosenburg, M. A., O. Aharonson, topography dominated by the smallest craters) and maintaining a roughly constant value ( ∼ 2) at low and R. Sari (2015), Topographic (surface topography dominated by the largest craters). The effects of size-dependent shape parameters power spectra of cratered terrains: and various crater emplacement rules are also considered.
    [Show full text]
  • 2006-2007 Science Planning Summaries
    Project Indexes Find information about projects approved for the 2006-2007 USAP field season using the available indexes. Project Web Sites Find more information about 2006-2007 USAP projects by viewing project web sites. More Information Additional information pertaining to the 2006-2007 Field Season. Home Page Station Schedules Air Operations Staffed Field Camps Event Numbering System 2006-2007 USAP Field Season Project Indexes Project Indexes Find information about projects approved for the 2006-2007 USAP field season using the USAP Program Indexes available indexes. Aeronomy and Astrophysics Dr. Bernard Lettau, Program Director (acting) Project Web Sites Biology and Medicine Dr. Roberta Marinelli, Program Director Find more information about 2006-2007 USAP projects by Geology and Geophysics viewing project web sites. Dr. Thomas Wagner, Program Director Glaciology Dr. Julie Palais, Program Director More Information Ocean and Climate Systems Additional information pertaining Dr. Bernhard Lettau, Program Director to the 2006-2007 Field Season. Artists and Writers Home Page Ms. Kim Silverman, Program Director Station Schedules USAP Station and Vessel Indexes Air Operations Staffed Field Camps Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station Event Numbering System McMurdo Station Palmer Station RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer ARSV Laurence M. Gould Special Projects Principal Investigator Index Deploying Team Members Index Institution Index Event Number Index Technical Event Index Project Web Sites 2006-2007 USAP Field Season Project Indexes Project Indexes Find information about projects approved for the 2006-2007 USAP field season using the Project Web Sites available indexes. Principal Investigator/Link Event No. Project Title Aghion, Anne W-218-M Works and days: An antarctic Project Web Sites chronicle Find more information about 2006-2007 USAP projects by Ainley, David B-031-M Adélie penguin response to viewing project web sites.
    [Show full text]
  • Species Status Assessment Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes Fosteri)
    SPECIES STATUS ASSESSMENT EMPEROR PENGUIN (APTENODYTES FOSTERI) Emperor penguin chicks being socialized by male parents at Auster Rookery, 2008. Photo Credit: Gary Miller, Australian Antarctic Program. Version 1.0 December 2020 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Program Branch of Delisting and Foreign Species Falls Church, Virginia Acknowledgements: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Penguins are flightless birds that are highly adapted for the marine environment. The emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) is the tallest and heaviest of all living penguin species. Emperors are near the top of the Southern Ocean’s food chain and primarily consume Antarctic silverfish, Antarctic krill, and squid. They are excellent swimmers and can dive to great depths. The average life span of emperor penguin in the wild is 15 to 20 years. Emperor penguins currently breed at 61 colonies located around Antarctica, with the largest colonies in the Ross Sea and Weddell Sea. The total population size is estimated at approximately 270,000–280,000 breeding pairs or 625,000–650,000 total birds. Emperor penguin depends upon stable fast ice throughout their 8–9 month breeding season to complete the rearing of its single chick. They are the only warm-blooded Antarctic species that breeds during the austral winter and therefore uniquely adapted to its environment. Breeding colonies mainly occur on fast ice, close to the coast or closely offshore, and amongst closely packed grounded icebergs that prevent ice breaking out during the breeding season and provide shelter from the wind. Sea ice extent in the Southern Ocean has undergone considerable inter-annual variability over the last 40 years, although with much greater inter-annual variability in the five sectors than for the Southern Ocean as a whole.
    [Show full text]
  • Antarctic Primer
    Antarctic Primer By Nigel Sitwell, Tom Ritchie & Gary Miller By Nigel Sitwell, Tom Ritchie & Gary Miller Designed by: Olivia Young, Aurora Expeditions October 2018 Cover image © I.Tortosa Morgan Suite 12, Level 2 35 Buckingham Street Surry Hills, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia To anyone who goes to the Antarctic, there is a tremendous appeal, an unparalleled combination of grandeur, beauty, vastness, loneliness, and malevolence —all of which sound terribly melodramatic — but which truly convey the actual feeling of Antarctica. Where else in the world are all of these descriptions really true? —Captain T.L.M. Sunter, ‘The Antarctic Century Newsletter ANTARCTIC PRIMER 2018 | 3 CONTENTS I. CONSERVING ANTARCTICA Guidance for Visitors to the Antarctic Antarctica’s Historic Heritage South Georgia Biosecurity II. THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT Antarctica The Southern Ocean The Continent Climate Atmospheric Phenomena The Ozone Hole Climate Change Sea Ice The Antarctic Ice Cap Icebergs A Short Glossary of Ice Terms III. THE BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Life in Antarctica Adapting to the Cold The Kingdom of Krill IV. THE WILDLIFE Antarctic Squids Antarctic Fishes Antarctic Birds Antarctic Seals Antarctic Whales 4 AURORA EXPEDITIONS | Pioneering expedition travel to the heart of nature. CONTENTS V. EXPLORERS AND SCIENTISTS The Exploration of Antarctica The Antarctic Treaty VI. PLACES YOU MAY VISIT South Shetland Islands Antarctic Peninsula Weddell Sea South Orkney Islands South Georgia The Falkland Islands South Sandwich Islands The Historic Ross Sea Sector Commonwealth Bay VII. FURTHER READING VIII. WILDLIFE CHECKLISTS ANTARCTIC PRIMER 2018 | 5 Adélie penguins in the Antarctic Peninsula I. CONSERVING ANTARCTICA Antarctica is the largest wilderness area on earth, a place that must be preserved in its present, virtually pristine state.
    [Show full text]
  • The Antarctic Contribution to Holocene Global Sea Level Rise
    The Antarctic contribution to Holocene global sea level rise Olafur Ing6lfsson & Christian Hjort The Holocene glacial and climatic development in Antarctica differed considerably from that in the Northern Hemisphere. Initial deglaciation of inner shelf and adjacent land areas in Antarctica dates back to between 10-8 Kya, when most Northern Hemisphere ice sheets had already disappeared or diminished considerably. The continued deglaciation of currently ice-free land in Antarctica occurred gradually between ca. 8-5 Kya. A large southern portion of the marine-based Ross Ice Sheet disintegrated during this late deglaciation phase. Some currently ice-free areas were deglaciated as late as 3 Kya. Between 8-5 Kya, global glacio-eustatically driven sea level rose by 10-17 m, with 4-8 m of this increase occurring after 7 Kya. Since the Northern Hemisphere ice sheets had practically disappeared by 8-7 Kya, we suggest that Antarctic deglaciation caused a considerable part of the global sea level rise between 8-7 Kya, and most of it between 7-5 Kya. The global mid-Holocene sea level high stand, broadly dated to between 84Kya, and the Littorina-Tapes transgressions in Scandinavia and simultaneous transgressions recorded from sites e.g. in Svalbard and Greenland, dated to 7-5 Kya, probably reflect input of meltwater from the Antarctic deglaciation. 0. Ingcilfsson, Gotlienburg Universiw, Earth Sciences Centre. Box 460, SE-405 30 Goteborg, Sweden; C. Hjort, Dept. of Quaternary Geology, Lund University, Sdvegatan 13, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden. Introduction dated to 20-17 Kya (thousands of years before present) in the western Ross Sea area (Stuiver et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Representations of Antarctic Exploration by Lesser Known Heroic Era Photographers
    Filtering ‘ways of seeing’ through their lenses: representations of Antarctic exploration by lesser known Heroic Era photographers. Patricia Margaret Millar B.A. (1972), B.Ed. (Hons) (1999), Ph.D. (Ed.) (2005), B.Ant.Stud. (Hons) (2009) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science – Social Sciences. University of Tasmania 2013 This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for a degree or diploma by the University or any other institution, except by way of background information and duly acknowledged in the thesis, and to the best of my knowledge and belief no material previously published or written by another person except where due acknowledgement is made in the text of the thesis. ………………………………….. ………………….. Patricia Margaret Millar Date This thesis may be made available for loan and limited copying in accordance with the Copyright Act 1968. ………………………………….. ………………….. Patricia Margaret Millar Date ii Abstract Photographers made a major contribution to the recording of the Heroic Era of Antarctic exploration. By far the best known photographers were the professionals, Herbert Ponting and Frank Hurley, hired to photograph British and Australasian expeditions. But a great number of photographs were also taken on Belgian, German, Swedish, French, Norwegian and Japanese expeditions. These were taken by amateurs, sometimes designated official photographers, often scientists recording their research. Apart from a few Pole-reaching images from the Norwegian expedition, these lesser known expedition photographers and their work seldom feature in the scholarly literature on the Heroic Era, but they, too, have their importance. They played a vital role in the growing understanding and advancement of Antarctic science; they provided visual evidence of their nation’s determination to penetrate the polar unknown; and they played a formative role in public perceptions of Antarctic geopolitics.
    [Show full text]
  • Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 116 NEW COLLEGE VALLEY, CAUGHLEY BEACH, CAPE BIRD, ROSS ISLAND
    Management Plan For Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 116 NEW COLLEGE VALLEY, CAUGHLEY BEACH, CAPE BIRD, ROSS ISLAND 1. Description of values to be protected In 1985, two areas at Cape Bird, Ross Island were designated as SSSI No. 10, Caughley Beach (Recommendation XIII-8 (1985)) and SPA No. 20, New College Valley (Recommendation XIII-12 (1985)), following proposals by New Zealand that these areas should be protected because they contained some of the richest stands of moss and associated microflora and fauna in the Ross Sea region of Antarctica. This is the only area on Ross Island where protection is specifically given to plant assemblages and associated ecosystems. At that time, SPA No. 20 was enclosed within SSSI No. 10, in order to provide more stringent access conditions to that part of the Area. In 2000, SSSI No. 10 was incorporated with SPA No. 20 by Measure 1 (2000), with the former area covered by SPA No. 20 becoming a Restricted Zone within the revised SPA No. 20. The boundaries of the Area were revised from the boundaries in the original recommendations, in view of improved mapping and to follow more closely the ridges enclosing the catchment of New College Valley. Caughley Beach itself was adjacent to, but never a part of, the original Area, and for this reason the entire Area was renamed as New College Valley, which was within both of the original sites. The Area was redesignated by Decision 1 (2002) as Antarctic Specially Protected Area (ASPA) No. 116 and a revised Management Plan was adopted through Measure 1 (2006).
    [Show full text]