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Identificação Química, Análise Microbiológica E UNIVERSIDADE REGIONAL DO CARIRI – URCA CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS E DA SAÚDE – CCBS DEPARTAMENTO DE QUÍMICA BIOLOGICA – DQB PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM BIOPROSPECÇÃO MOLECULAR IDENTIFICAÇÃO QUÍMICA, ANÁLISE MICROBIOLÓGICA E FARMACOLÓGICA DAS GORDURAS CORPORAIS DE Leptodactylus macrosternum (Miranda- Ribeiro, 1926) e Leptodactylus vastus (Adolf Lutz, 1930) DA REGIÃO DO CARIRI MARIO EDUARDO SANTOS CABRAL CRATO – CE, 2012 MARIO EDUARDO SANTOS CABRAL IDENTIFICAÇÃO QUÍMICA, ANÁLISE MICROBIOLÓGICA E FARMACOLÓGICA DAS GORDURAS CORPORAIS DE Leptodactylus macrosternum (Miranda- Ribeiro, 1926) e Leptodactylus vastus (Adolf Lutz, 1930) DA REGIÃO DO CARIRI Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Bioprospecção Molecular da Universidade Regional do Cariri, como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Bioprospecção Molecular. Área de concentração: Bioprospecção de produtos Naturais/Microbiologia/Farmacologia. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Waltécio de Oliveira Almeida Co-Orientador: Prof. Dr. Rômulo Romeu da Nóbrega Alves CRATO – CE, 2012 Cabral, Mario Eduardo Santos. C117i Identificação química, análise microbiológica e farmacológica das gorduras corporais de Leptodactylus macrosternum (Miranda- Ribeiro, 1926) e Leptodactylus vastus (Adolf Lutz, 1930) da Região do Cariri/ Mario Eduardo Santos Cabral. - Crato-CE, 2012. 109p. Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Bioprospecção Molecular da Universidade Regional do Cariri – URCA Orientador: Prof. Dr. Waltécio de Oliveira Almeida Co-Orientador: Prof. Dr. Rômulo Romeu da Nóbrega Alves 1. Anfíbios; 2. Etnozoologia; 3. Leptodactylidae; 4 Atividade Antimicrobiana; 5.Atividade Antiedematogênica. I. Título. CDD: 591 MARIO EDUARDO SANTOS CABRAL IDENTIFICAÇÃO QUÍMICA, ANÁLISE MICROBIOLÓGICA E FARMACOLÓGICA DAS GORDURAS CORPORAIS DE Leptodactylus macrosternum (Miranda- Ribeiro, 1926) e Leptodactylus vastus (Adolf Lutz, 1930) DA REGIÃO DO CARIRI Dissertação submetida à Coordenação do Programa de Pós-Graduação Strictu Sensu em Bioprospecção Molecular da Universidade Regional do Cariri – URCA, como requisito para obtenção do título de Mestre. Área de concentração: Bioprospecção de Produtos Naturais/Microbiologia/Farmacologia. Qualquer citação deste trabalho é permitida, desde que em conformidade com a ética científica. BANCA EXAMINADORA: Prof. Dr. Waltécio de Oliveira Almeida (Orientador) Departamento de Química Biológica – URCA Prof. Dr. Rômulo Romeu da Nóbrega Alves (Avaliador Externo) Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual da Paraiba – UEPB Prof (a). Dra. Marta Regina Kerntopf (Avaliador Interno) Departamento de Química Biológica – URCA Prof. Dr. José Galberto Martins da Costa (Avaliador Interno) Departamento de Química Biológica – URCA CRATO – CE, 2012 DEDICO a minha esposa Maria Ketully Neyane A. Pinto, e minha filha Sarah Lohanny A. Cabral, por todo carinho que recebi e por sempre estarem ao meu lado. AGRADECIMENTOS A Deus, que me proporcionou condição física e mental para realização deste trabalho, e por ter iluminado sempre meus caminhos; Aos meus pais, Mario Alves Cabral Filho e Maria Elzimeire Santos Alves Cabral, por terem me dado à vida, não tão somente ela, mas tudo de bom que aprendi foram por seus ensinamentos, onde através deles pude chegar até onde estou hoje; A minha querida irmã, Mayara Eleyne Santos Cabral, que nos momentos mais difíceis sempre esteve ao meu lado; Ao meu orientador Prof. Dr. Waltécio de Oliveira Almeida, por ter se disponibilizado gentilmente a me orientar neste trabalho, contribuindo sempre com seus valiosos conhecimentos e grande incentivo. Obrigado! Ao Prof. Dr. Rômulo Romeu da Nóbrega Alves pela participação como Co- Orientador deste trabalho; Aos professores Dr. José Galberto Martins da Costa – URCA, Dr. Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho – URCA e Profª. Msc. Fabíola Fernandes Galvão Rodrigues – URCA pelo apoio, sugestões; Ao Prof. Dr. Robson Waldemar Ávila – URCA, pela contribuição na identificação dos espécimes utilizados neste estudo; Ao Prof. Dr. Irwin Rose Alencar de Menezes – URCA, e a Profª. Dra. Marta Regina Kerntopf Mendonça – URCA, pela atenção, cuidado e por participarem nos ensaios farmacológicos; Aos Coordenadores do PPBM, Dr. Waltécio de Oliveira Almeida e Dr. Allysson Pontes Pinheiro, pela ajuda em condicional; A todos os professores do programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioprospecção Molecular, por terem transmitido com muita dignidade seus conhecimentos, os quais adquiriram com muito esforço e dedicação; A meu amigo Diógenes de Queiroz Dias por seu apoio e atenção, sempre disposto a me ajudar independente do dia e hora. Com você aprendi que amigos de verdade ficam pra toda a vida e que somos os principais responsáveis para tornar nossos sonhos realidade; A Débora Lima Sales e Olga Paiva Oliveira, pela sua amizade, companherismo e grande ajuda na execução dos ensaios biológicos; Aos meus companheiros do Laboratório de Zoologia: Felipe Silva Ferreira, Samuel Cardozo Ribeiro (GIOABA), Samuel Vieira Brito, José Guilherme Gonçalves de Sousa (Grande Darwin), e a todos os orientandos dos prof. Robson Waldemar Ávila por terem proporcionado momentos de muita descontração e alegria durante esse período de mestrado. Agradeço em especial aos amigos Diego Alves Teles (Diegão), João Antônio de Araujo Filho, pelo apoio incondicional durante o período de coleta dos anfíbios usados nesse trabalho, Com vocês aprendi o quanto é bom ter amigos de verdade e principalmente conviver com eles; Aos meus amigos de turma e colegas do Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioprospecção Molecular, pela sinceridade, companheirismo, experiências compartilhadas e palavras de conforto nos momentos difíceis que compartilhamos juntos; Aos Meus amigos Thiago Silva de Almeida (Chefe) e Erlânio Oliveira de Sousa (Joinha) pelo apoio e valiosos conhecimentos compartilhado; À Universidade Regional do Cariri, pela oportunidade de participar de um curso de pós-graduação bem conceituado pela CAPES; Ao IBAMA/SISBIO pela licença de coleta concedida, pois sem ela não seria possível à realização desta pesquisa; À Estação Ecológica de Aiuaba – ESEC e ao seu chefe em exercício Manoel Cipriano de Alencar, pelo apoio logístico durante o período de coleta; À Faculdade de Medicina de Juazeiro do Norte (FMJ) e Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas Leão Sampaio, pela concessão de linhagens de roedores para os ensaios in vivo; As secretárias do curso de pós-graduação, Maria Andecieli Rolim de Brito e Maria Lenira Pereira, por sempre se disporem a ajudar; Aos funcionários desta IES, que mantiveram o ambiente para o pleno exercício da educação; A Fundação Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – FUNCAP, ao Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – CNPq e a Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoas de Nível Superior – CAPES, pelo suporte financeiro; A todos que, direta ou indiretamente, contribuíram de maneira significativa para a concretização desse estudo, meus sinceros agradecimentos. “Que os nossos esforços desafiem as impossibilidades, lembrai-vos de que as grandes coisas do homem foram conquistadas do que parecia impossível.” (Charles Chaplin) SUMÁRIO LISTA DE FIGURAS .................................................................................................... 12 LISTA DE TABELAS.................................................................................................... 14 LISTA DE ABREVIATURAS, SIGLAS E SÍMBOLOS .............................................. 16 RESUMO........................................................................................................................ 20 INTRODUÇÃO .............................................................................................................. 22 OBJETIVOS ................................................................................................................... 24 OBJETIVO GERAL ................................................................................................... 24 OBJETIVOS ESPECIFICOS...................................................................................... 24 REFERENCIAL TEÓRICO ........................................................................................... 25 ETNOZOOLOGIA E ZOOTERAPIA ........................................................................ 25 ASPECTOS GERAIS DO BIOMA CAATINGA ...................................................... 30 BIOPROSPECÇÃO E PRODUTOS NATURAIS ORIUNDOS DE ANIMAIS ....... 33 ÓLEOS FIXOS: ESTRUTURA, FUNÇÃO E ATIVIDADE BIOLÓGICA.............. 40 Extração por solvente orgânico ................................................................................... 42 Interferência de ácidos graxos sobre o processo inflamatório .................................... 44 GÊNERO LEPTODACTYLUS: ISOLAMENTO E AVALIAÇÃO DE MOLÉCULAS BIOATIVAS COM POTENCIAL TERAPÊUTICO ................................................. 45 DESCRIÇÃO ZOOLÓGICA...................................................................................... 49 Leptodactylus macrosternum Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926 ................................................ 49 Leptodactylus vastus Adolf Lutz, 1930 ...................................................................... 50 MATERIAL E MÉTODOS ............................................................................................ 52 COLETA DOS ANFÍBIOS ........................................................................................ 52 Materiais laboratóriais utilizados ...............................................................................
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