DOCSLIB.ORG

Cloning and Characterization of Human IC53-2, a Novel CDK5 Acti- Vator Binding Protein

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Cloning and Characterization of Human IC53-2, a Novel CDK5 Acti- Vator Binding Protein Cell Research (2003); 13(2):83-91 http://www.cell-research.com Cloning and characterization of human IC53-2, a novel CDK5 acti- vator binding protein 1 1 2 1 1 1 YI HU XIE , XIANG HUO HE , YUN TIAN TANG , JIN JUN LI , ZHI MEI PAN , WEN XIN QIN , DA FANG 1* 1* WAN , JIAN REN GU 1 State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China 2 Peopele's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, China ABSTRACT We have identified IC53-2, a human homologue of the rat C53 gene from a human placenta cDNA library (GeneBank Accession No.AF217982). IC53-2 can bind to the CDK5 activator p35 by in vitro association assay. IC53-2 is mapped to human chromosome 17q21.31. The IC53-2 transcript is highly expressed in kidney, liver, skeletal muscle and placenta. It is abundantly expressed in SMMC-7721, C-33A, 3AO, A431 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines by RT-PCR assay. Stable transfection of IC53-2 cDNA into the hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 cell remarkably stimulates its growth in vitro. The above results indicate that IC53- 2 is a novel human gene, which may be involved in the regulation of cell proliferation. Key words: IC53-2, CDK5, p35, hepatocellular carcinoma, proliferation. INTRODUCTION in some oncogenic pathways. In particular, recent data have highlighted the importance of the p53 and Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the Rb pathways in mediation of HCC cell proliferation most prevalent malignant diseases worldwide. It is [7, 8]. There are some regions that display high score the fifth most common cancer and ranks fourth in of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in HCC cells. For mortality rate, behind lung, stomach and colon can- example, the LOH region within chromosome 17p13. cers[1, 2]. HCC is a leading cause for cancer-related 3 in human HCC in China, and some HCC related deaths in many countries, mainly in Asia and Africa genes have been identified from this region[9-11]. [3]. HCC has been ranked second cause of cancer Identification of novel molecules that regulate HCC death in China since 1990s[4]. It appears to be ris- cell proliferation could improve our understanding ing in incidence in the United States and other de- of the regulatory networks and lead to novel diag- veloped western countries[5]. Although the major nosis and treatment decisions. viral and environmental risk factors for the devel- The eukaryotic cell cycle is controlled by a fam- opment of HCC have been determined, the molecu- ily of serine/threonine kinases called cyclin-depen- lar mechanisms that contribute to tumor progres- dent kinases (CDKs). All family members share sion in hepatocarcinogenesis remain unknown[6]. greater than 40% sequence identity, and associate The proliferation of HCC cells is strictly regulated with a cyclin regulatory subunit. Cdc2 kinase in fis- by many negative or positive mediators. Recently, sion yeast is one of the earliest identified CDK genes, several tumor suppressor genes have been clarified which performs rate-limiting functions in both G1/ * Correspondence: Prof. Da Fang WAN, Jian Ren GU S and G2/M checkpoint transition. In mammalian Tel: 0086-21-64177401 Fax: 0086-21-64177401 cells, the homologue of cdc2, CDKs controls the en- E-mail: [email protected] Received Oct-23-2002 Revised Dec-19-2002 Accepted Jan-9-2003 try of S phase and M phase by differentially inter- Cloning and characterization of human IC53-2 tially identified by biochemical purification from BLAST algorithm through the National Center for Biotechnology bovine brain and by virtue of its close sequence ho- Information web server (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST). mology to human CDK2. CDK5 is a proline-directed Multiple sequence alignments were made at http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ clustalw/index.html (Fig 1D). kinase that phosphorylates serine or threonine im- mediately upstream of a proline residue. The best Northern blot analysis known role for CDK5 is in neuronal cell Hybridization was carried out on human normal Multiple differentiation. There is also evidence that links Tissue Northern Blot membrane (Clontech) as suggested by the CDK5 activity to the regulation of cytoskeleton, axon manufacturer. The IC53-2 cDNA probe was labeled with [α-32P] guidance, membrane transport, synaptic function, dCTP by rediprime II random primer labeling system (Amersham dopamine signaling and drug addiction[13]. Pharmacia Biotech). Northern blot membrane were prehybridized at 68oC for 1 h in ExpressHyb hybridization solution (Clontech) Like other CDKs, monomeric CDK5 shows no with 0.1 μg/ml denatured and sheared salmon sperm DNA. Then, enzymatic activity and requires association with a hybridization was performed at 68oC for 2 h in ExpressHyb regulatory partner for activation. The active form of hybridization solution plus the specific radiolabelled probes pre- CDK5 was shown to be a heterodimer of CDK5 and pared before. Membrane washing and autoradiography were done a 25 KDa regulatory protein[14]. The regulatory according to the published methods[17]. subunit was subsequently shown to be a truncated In vitro association assay form of a 35 KDa protein now known as neuronal CDK5 activator, P35[15]. By using the yeast two- cDNA encoding p35, p25 and p10 were subcloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1/HA2 respectively. They hybrid screen, several P35-associated proteins were are designated HA2-p35, HA2-p25, HA2-p10. IC53-2 cDNA con- isolated, one of which is C53. Chen et al[16] iso- taining the complete coding sequence (bp 1595-2441) was pre- lated an isoform of C53 from a human aorta cDNA pared by PCR and subcloned into the eukaryotic expression vec- library, called IC53. In this study, we cloned an- tor pcDNA4/HisMax-TOPO (Invitrogen) and verified by other isoform of C53 from a human placenta cDNA sequencing. The following primers were used for PCR library, named it as isoform 2 of C53 (IC53-2). The amplification: forward primer (5'-ATGC- TGCGGTTCGTGCAGAAGCGG-3', bp1595-1618) and reversed expression of IC53-2 was detected by Northern blot primer (5'-TCACAGAGAGGTTCCCATCAGGTTC-3', bp2417- in eight human tissues and RT-PCR in eight cell 2441). There is a Xpress Tag on the pcDNA4/ HisMax-TOPO lines. In vitro association assay indicate that IC53-2 vector, so we designated it as Xpress-IC53-2. The plasmid DNA can bind to p35 and p25. A preliminary study showed was extracted and purified with the Qiagen plasmid purification that IC53-2 protein was able to stimulate the growth kit. HA2-p35, HA2-p25, HA2-p10 and Xpress-IC53-2 were tran- scribed and translated in vitro by using the TNT Quick Coupled of human hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 cell Transcription/Translation System (Promega, Madison, Wis.) with in vitro. We also discuss here the biological impor- [35S] methionine (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech) in accordance tance of IC53-2. with the manufacturer's instruction. Then, 10 l IC53-2 reaction product was mixed with 10 μl reaction product of p35, p25, p10 MATERIALS AND METHODS respectively. The 20 μl reaction product mixture was incubated in TNT buffer (20 mM Tris-HCl, 200 mM NaCl, 1% Triton X-100) Cloning of full-length IC53-2 cDNA with anti-Xpress monocolonal antibody (Invitrogen) and 20 μl of A cDNA fragment of 2265bp (bp 564-2828 in Fig 1A) was protein A/G PLUS agarose (Santa Cruz Biotechnology). After identified from a human placenta cDNA library by expressed se- incubation at 4oC for 2 h, the protein A/G PLUS agarose beads were quence tag (EST) direct sequencing. The cDNA was called PP1553 washed three times with 0.6 ml of the TNT buffer. Then, the (GeneBank Accession No. AF217982). By searching the public proteins were solubilized in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) sample dbEST, the 5'-UTR (Untranslated Region) of PP1553 is incomplete, buffer, subjected to SDS/12% PAGE, and visualized by we carry out PCR using forward primer (5'- autoradiography. GGGCGGGCCACAGTCTCCAGCCT-3', bp1-23 in Fig 1A and F1 in Fig 1B) and reverse primer (5'- Cell culture TCAACAGAGCACACAACTGACTCTC-3', bp1595-1619 in Fig Eight cell lines were used in the study: human hepatocellular 1A and R1 in Fig 1B) based on the EST contig to get the 5'-UTR carcinoma cell line SMMC-7721, human normal hepatocyte cell of IC53-2. line L-02, human umbilical vein endothelial cell-derived cell line ECV304, human epithelial cervix carcinoma cell line C-33A, hu- Sequence analysis man cervix carcinoma cell line HeLa, human ovary adenocarci- Homology comparisons between species were performed using noma cell line 3AO, human epidermoid carcinoma cell line A431 84 Yi Hu XIE et al and human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7. These cells 96 well assay plate containing the samples in 100ml of cultured o o were incubated in 5% CO2 at 37 C and cultured in DMEM (Dulbecco's medium and incubated for 1 h at 37 C in a humidified, 5% CO2 Modified Eagle Medium) with 10% fetal bovine serum (GibcoBRL), atmosphere. The absorbance at 490 nm was read using a Model- 100 g/ml penicillin, and 100 g/ml streptomycin sulfate. 550 ELISA plate reader (Bio-Rad). A growth curve with the ab- sorbance of the MTS assay for the conversion of MTS to formazan RNA isolation and RT-PCR analysis was directly correlated with the number of living cells in culture. Total RNA from 107 cells was extracted using the Trizol The experiment was triplicate-performed independently. reagent (GibcoBRL) and treated with DNase I (TaKaRa). RNA quality was checked by electrophoresis in 1.5% agarose/formal- Immunoblots dehyde denaturing gel. cDNA was prepared from 5 g total SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was performed in 12% RNA, using the SuperScript II reverse trancriptase suggested by vertical slab gels.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Fatigue Properties and Damage of the Corroded Steel Bars Under the Constant-Amplitude Fatigue Load
    The fatigue properties and damage of the corroded steel bars under the constant-amplitude fatigue load Xiang Sen Ouyang1, Xiao Yong Luo2, Jun Wang3 1, 2School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410075, China 1, 3College of Architecture Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, 411104, China 1Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Received 25 October 2018; received in revised form 7 December 2018; accepted 25 December 2018 DOI https://doi.org/10.21595/jve.2018.20333 Copyright © 2019 Xiang Sen Ouyang, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract. We obtained the corroded steel bars by conducting electrically-accelerated corrosion tests. Then, to investigate the effects of the corrosion ratio and the stress amplitude on the fatigue life, and to further study the damage evolution law under corrosion and fatigue loads, we performed axial fatigue tests on 13 steel bars with various corrosion ratios. The laboratory results show that the fatigue life is logarithmical linear to the stress amplitude, and the increase in corrosion ratio leads to the accelerated decrease in the fatigue life. In addition, the increase in stress amplitude can accelerate the fatigue damage, and further decreases the fatigue life. With the laboratory data, we further established a model to predict the fatigue life of the steel bars with various corrosion ratios. The evolution of the residual strains includes the relatively rapid increase, stable increase and rapid increase stages.
    [Show full text]
  • Is Shuma the Chinese Analog of Soma/Haoma? a Study of Early Contacts Between Indo-Iranians and Chinese
    SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS Number 216 October, 2011 Is Shuma the Chinese Analog of Soma/Haoma? A Study of Early Contacts between Indo-Iranians and Chinese by ZHANG He Victor H. Mair, Editor Sino-Platonic Papers Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 USA [email protected] www.sino-platonic.org SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS FOUNDED 1986 Editor-in-Chief VICTOR H. MAIR Associate Editors PAULA ROBERTS MARK SWOFFORD ISSN 2157-9679 (print) 2157-9687 (online) SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS is an occasional series dedicated to making available to specialists and the interested public the results of research that, because of its unconventional or controversial nature, might otherwise go unpublished. The editor-in-chief actively encourages younger, not yet well established, scholars and independent authors to submit manuscripts for consideration. Contributions in any of the major scholarly languages of the world, including romanized modern standard Mandarin (MSM) and Japanese, are acceptable. In special circumstances, papers written in one of the Sinitic topolects (fangyan) may be considered for publication. Although the chief focus of Sino-Platonic Papers is on the intercultural relations of China with other peoples, challenging and creative studies on a wide variety of philological subjects will be entertained. This series is not the place for safe, sober, and stodgy presentations. Sino- Platonic Papers prefers lively work that, while taking reasonable risks to advance the field, capitalizes on brilliant new insights into the development of civilization. Submissions are regularly sent out to be refereed, and extensive editorial suggestions for revision may be offered. Sino-Platonic Papers emphasizes substance over form.
    [Show full text]
  • Dual-Band Plasmonic Perfect Absorber Based on the Hybrid Halide Perovskite in the Communication Regime
    coatings Article Dual-Band Plasmonic Perfect Absorber Based on the Hybrid Halide Perovskite in the Communication Regime Liang Xu 1 , Jian Zeng 1 , Xin Luo 2,* , Libin Xia 1,*, Zongle Ma 1, Bojun Peng 1, Zhengquan Li 1, Xiang Zhai 3 and Lingling Wang 3 1 Energy Materials Computing Center, School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang 330013, China; [email protected] (L.X.); [email protected] (J.Z.); [email protected] (Z.M.); [email protected] (B.P.); [email protected] (Z.L.) 2 School of Science, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China 3 Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; [email protected] (X.Z.); [email protected] (L.W.) * Correspondence: [email protected] (X.L.); [email protected] (L.X.) Abstract: Due to the weak absorption of (CH3NH3)PbI3 in the communication regime, which restricts its optoelectronic applications, we design a adjustable dual-band perfect absorber based on the (CH3NH3)PbI3 to significantly enhance its absorption capability. Since the localized plasmon (LP) mode and surface plasmon (SP) mode are excited in the structure, which can both greatly enhance light absorption of the (CH3NH3)PbI3 layer, dual-band perfect absorption peaks are formed in the communication regime, and the absorption of (CH3NH3)PbI3 layer is increased to 43.1% and 64.2% at the dual-band absorption peaks by using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) methods, respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • Origin Narratives: Reading and Reverence in Late-Ming China
    Origin Narratives: Reading and Reverence in Late-Ming China Noga Ganany Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2018 © 2018 Noga Ganany All rights reserved ABSTRACT Origin Narratives: Reading and Reverence in Late Ming China Noga Ganany In this dissertation, I examine a genre of commercially-published, illustrated hagiographical books. Recounting the life stories of some of China’s most beloved cultural icons, from Confucius to Guanyin, I term these hagiographical books “origin narratives” (chushen zhuan 出身傳). Weaving a plethora of legends and ritual traditions into the new “vernacular” xiaoshuo format, origin narratives offered comprehensive portrayals of gods, sages, and immortals in narrative form, and were marketed to a general, lay readership. Their narratives were often accompanied by additional materials (or “paratexts”), such as worship manuals, advertisements for temples, and messages from the gods themselves, that reveal the intimate connection of these books to contemporaneous cultic reverence of their protagonists. The content and composition of origin narratives reflect the extensive range of possibilities of late-Ming xiaoshuo narrative writing, challenging our understanding of reading. I argue that origin narratives functioned as entertaining and informative encyclopedic sourcebooks that consolidated all knowledge about their protagonists, from their hagiographies to their ritual traditions. Origin narratives also alert us to the hagiographical substrate in late-imperial literature and religious practice, wherein widely-revered figures played multiple roles in the culture. The reverence of these cultural icons was constructed through the relationship between what I call the Three Ps: their personas (and life stories), the practices surrounding their lore, and the places associated with them (or “sacred geographies”).
    [Show full text]
  • A Hypothesis on the Origin of the Yu State
    SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS Number 139 June, 2004 A Hypothesis on the Origin of the Yu State by Taishan Yu Victor H. Mair, Editor Sino-Platonic Papers Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 USA [email protected] www.sino-platonic.org SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS FOUNDED 1986 Editor-in-Chief VICTOR H. MAIR Associate Editors PAULA ROBERTS MARK SWOFFORD ISSN 2157-9679 (print) 2157-9687 (online) SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS is an occasional series dedicated to making available to specialists and the interested public the results of research that, because of its unconventional or controversial nature, might otherwise go unpublished. The editor-in-chief actively encourages younger, not yet well established, scholars and independent authors to submit manuscripts for consideration. Contributions in any of the major scholarly languages of the world, including romanized modern standard Mandarin (MSM) and Japanese, are acceptable. In special circumstances, papers written in one of the Sinitic topolects (fangyan) may be considered for publication. Although the chief focus of Sino-Platonic Papers is on the intercultural relations of China with other peoples, challenging and creative studies on a wide variety of philological subjects will be entertained. This series is not the place for safe, sober, and stodgy presentations. Sino- Platonic Papers prefers lively work that, while taking reasonable risks to advance the field, capitalizes on brilliant new insights into the development of civilization. Submissions are regularly sent out to be refereed, and extensive editorial suggestions for revision may be offered. Sino-Platonic Papers emphasizes substance over form. We do, however, strongly recommend that prospective authors consult our style guidelines at www.sino-platonic.org/stylesheet.doc.
    [Show full text]
  • Construction of a Chinese Idiom Knowledge Base and Its Applications
    Construction of a Chinese Idiom Knowledge Base and Its Applications Lei Wang Shiwen Yu Key Laboratory of Computational Key Laboratory of Computational Linguistics of Ministry of Education Linguistics of Ministry of Education, Department of English, Peking University Peking University [email protected] [email protected] Abstract words, it is the distinctive form or construction of a particular language that has a unique form Idioms are not only interesting but also or style characteristic only of that language. An distinctive in a language for its continuity idiom is also used, in most cases, with some and metaphorical meaning in its context. intention of the writer or to express certain This paper introduces the construction of emotion or attitude. Thus in nature, idioms are a Chinese idiom knowledge base by the exaggerative and descriptive and do not belong Institute of Computational Linguistics at to the plain type. Peking University and describes an Therefore, to classify idioms according to experiment that aims at the automatic its emotional property or descriptive property is emotion classification of Chinese idioms. important for many practical applications. In In the process, we expect to know more recent years, emotion classification has become about how the constituents in a fossilized a very popular task in the area of Natural composition like an idiom function so as Language Processing (NLP), which tries to to affect its semantic or grammatical predict sentiment (opinion, emotion, etc.) from properties. As an important Chinese texts. Most research has focused on subjectivity language resource, our idiom knowledge (subjective/objective) or polarity base will play a major role in applications (positive/neutral/negative) classification.
    [Show full text]
  • The Muslim Emperor of China: Everyday Politics in Colonial Xinjiang, 1877-1933
    The Muslim Emperor of China: Everyday Politics in Colonial Xinjiang, 1877-1933 The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Schluessel, Eric T. 2016. The Muslim Emperor of China: Everyday Politics in Colonial Xinjiang, 1877-1933. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, Graduate School of Arts & Sciences. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493602 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA The Muslim Emperor of China: Everyday Politics in Colonial Xinjiang, 1877-1933 A dissertation presented by Eric Tanner Schluessel to The Committee on History and East Asian Languages in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of History and East Asian Languages Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts April, 2016 © 2016 – Eric Schluessel All rights reserved. Dissertation Advisor: Mark C. Elliott Eric Tanner Schluessel The Muslim Emperor of China: Everyday Politics in Colonial Xinjiang, 1877-1933 Abstract This dissertation concerns the ways in which a Chinese civilizing project intervened powerfully in cultural and social change in the Muslim-majority region of Xinjiang from the 1870s through the 1930s. I demonstrate that the efforts of officials following an ideology of domination and transformation rooted in the Chinese Classics changed the ways that people associated with each other and defined themselves and how Muslims understood their place in history and in global space.
    [Show full text]
  • Names of Chinese People in Singapore
    101 Lodz Papers in Pragmatics 7.1 (2011): 101-133 DOI: 10.2478/v10016-011-0005-6 Lee Cher Leng Department of Chinese Studies, National University of Singapore ETHNOGRAPHY OF SINGAPORE CHINESE NAMES: RACE, RELIGION, AND REPRESENTATION Abstract Singapore Chinese is part of the Chinese Diaspora.This research shows how Singapore Chinese names reflect the Chinese naming tradition of surnames and generation names, as well as Straits Chinese influence. The names also reflect the beliefs and religion of Singapore Chinese. More significantly, a change of identity and representation is reflected in the names of earlier settlers and Singapore Chinese today. This paper aims to show the general naming traditions of Chinese in Singapore as well as a change in ideology and trends due to globalization. Keywords Singapore, Chinese, names, identity, beliefs, globalization. 1. Introduction When parents choose a name for a child, the name necessarily reflects their thoughts and aspirations with regards to the child. These thoughts and aspirations are shaped by the historical, social, cultural or spiritual setting of the time and place they are living in whether or not they are aware of them. Thus, the study of names is an important window through which one could view how these parents prefer their children to be perceived by society at large, according to the identities, roles, values, hierarchies or expectations constructed within a social space. Goodenough explains this culturally driven context of names and naming practices: Department of Chinese Studies, National University of Singapore The Shaw Foundation Building, Block AS7, Level 5 5 Arts Link, Singapore 117570 e-mail: [email protected] 102 Lee Cher Leng Ethnography of Singapore Chinese Names: Race, Religion, and Representation Different naming and address customs necessarily select different things about the self for communication and consequent emphasis.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix 3 Glossary of Tcm Terminology
    Tony Reid’s Principles of TCM Online Course APPENDIX 3 APPENDIX 3 GLOSSARY OF TCM TERMINOLOGY Introduction The following compilation of TCM terms with explanations of their meaning and alternative readings is not meant to be comprehensive. It has been included for two main reasons. One is to help clarify the meanings of various TCM technical terms that have been used in this text, and as such this mini-glossary may be used as a tool for revising aspects of this course. The other reason is to assist student in correlating the terms used by various authors, and avoid the confusion that may arise when the same thing is referred to by different names in different texts. Therefore, rather than being a thorough exposition on TCM technical terms, the material that follows is mostly focused on terms that are denoted differently by various authors, or those that have been given unclear or conflicting explanations. It is my sincere hope that this will assist students in their reading of the growing body of English language TCM literature. TCM THEORIES AND CONCEPTS acquired Qi (huo tian zhi qi ) 后天之气 This refers to the component of the body’s Qi that is produced after birth by the Spleen and Lung, fueled by ingested nutrients. Also referred to as: ‘postnatal Qi’ or ‘post-heaven Qi’. acquired Essence (huo tian zhi jing) 后天之精 This is the component of the Kidney Essence that is produced after birth through the normal physiological processes. It is stored in the Kidney, together with the innate Kidney Essence. Also referred to as: ‘postnatal essence’ or ‘post-heaven essence’.
    [Show full text]
  • Molybdenum‐Catalyzed Deoxygenative Cyclopropanation of 1,2
    Angewandte Communications Chemie How to cite: Deoxygenative Cyclopropanation International Edition: doi.org/10.1002/anie.202103429 German Edition: doi.org/10.1002/ange.202103429 Molybdenum-Catalyzed Deoxygenative Cyclopropanation of 1,2-Dicarbonyl or Monocarbonyl Compounds Li-Ya Cao, Jian-Nan Luo, Jia-Sheng Yao, De-Ku Wang, Yuan-Qing Dong, Chao Zheng, and Chun-Xiang Zhuo* Abstract: The transition-metal-catalyzed cyclopropanation of in these processes.[6] Unfortunately, the highly energetic diazo alkenes by the decomposition of diazo compounds is a power- compounds are potentially explosive. In addition, hazardous ful and straightforward strategy to produce cyclopropanes, but reagents and multiple synthetic steps are often required for is tempered by the potentially explosive nature of diazo the preparation of the diazo substrates.[4, 7] Therefore, devel- substrates. Herein we report the Mo-catalyzed regiospecific oping operationally safe and readily available alternatives to deoxygenative cyclopropanation of readily available and the diazo carbonyl compounds as carbene precursors would bench-stable 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds, in which one of the benefit synthetic applications, especially for industrial-scale two carbonyl groups acts as a carbene equivalent upon synthesis.[8,9] deoxygenation and engages in the subsequent cyclopropana- 1,2-Dicarbonyl compounds are readily available and often tion process. The use of a commercially available Mo catalyst serve as valuable building blocks in organic synthesis.[10] afforded an array of valuable cyclopropanes with exclusive Specifically, these bench-stable compounds may be used to regioselectivity in up to 90% yield. The synthetic utility of this prepare the a-diazo carbonyl compounds.[7] Accordingly, we method was further demonstrated by gram-scale syntheses, questioned whether the 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds could be late-stage functionalization, and the cyclopropanation of utilized directly as carbene equivalents through transition- a simple monocarbonyl compound.
    [Show full text]
  • 江可和黑德jekyll and Hyde [SAMPLE]
    Chinese Graded Reader Level 2: 450 Characters 江 可 和 黑 德 Jiāng Kě hé Hēidé Jekyll and Hyde [SAMPLE] based on The Mysterious Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson Mind Spark Press LLC SHANGHAI Published by Mind Spark Press LLC Shanghai, China Mandarin Companion is a trademark of Mind Spark Press LLC. Copyright © Mind Spark Press LLC, 2021 For information about educational or bulk purchases, please contact Mind Spark Press at [email protected]. Instructor and learner resources and traditional Chinese editions of the Mandarin Companion series are available at www.MandarinCompanion.com. First paperback print edition 2021 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Stevenson, Robert Louis. Jekyll and Hyde : Mandarin Companion Graded Readers: Level 2, Simplified Chinese Edition / Robert Louis Stevenson; [edited by] John Pasden, Ma Lihua, Li Jiong 1st paperback edition. Shanghai, China / Salt Lake City, UT: Mind Spark Press LLC, 2021 Library of Congress Control Number: 2020952469 ISBN: 9781941875674 (Paperback) ISBN: 9781941875698 (Paperback/traditional ch) ISBN: 9781941875681 (ebook) ISBN: 9781941875704 (ebook/traditional ch) MCID: SSS20210415T173251 All rights reserved; no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers. Mandarin Companion Graded Readers Now you can read books in Chinese that are fun and help accel- erate language learning. Every book in the Mandarin Companion series is carefully written to use characters, words, and grammar that a learner is likely to know. The Mandarin Companion Leveling System has been meticu- lously developed through an in-depth analysis of textbooks, educa- tion programs and natural Chinese language.
    [Show full text]
  • CEAL Response on ISO/DIS 7098 Draft
    ISO/DIS 7098 vs. ALA-LC on Chinese I. General comments: The CEAL CTP/CCM Working Group on ISO 7098 Romanization of Chinese submitted CEAL comments with suggested changes on the ISO/CD 7098 draft focusing on section 11, Transcription rules for personal names and geographic names, in October 2013. Most comments were accepted and changes are reflected in the new revised draft ISO/DIS 7098, section 12, Transcription rules for named entities. From December 9, 2014 to January 8, 2015, the CEAL CTP/CCM Working Group conducted a survey among CEAL members. The survey requested input on the ISO/DIS 7098 new revised draft sections, especially on Rules 11 and 12.14-17, in comparison to the ALA-LC RomAnizAtion tAble on Chinese. The survey included 13 questions that were grouped into four categories by importance. A total of 31 members participated in the survey. The majority voted to “support” or “support with modified suggestions” ISO/DIS 7098 instructions in Sections 11-12. Some voted not to support or voiced concerns. Most of the suggestions and concerns, whether members voted to support or not to support, include reasons. We have summarized members’ concerns in the table below. The entire survey results are available here. We ask ISO seriously considers CEAL’s input and revises some instructions of this standard to make it more practical, clearer, and easier to adopt globally so as to facilitate information dissemination and user discovery internationally. We also suggest the ISO website maintains lists of those “proper noun” names for non-Chinese places, languages, tribes, and religions and their variants and abbreviations which will be affected by new rules, if adopted.
    [Show full text]