Appendix 3 Glossary of Tcm Terminology
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The Fatigue Properties and Damage of the Corroded Steel Bars Under the Constant-Amplitude Fatigue Load
The fatigue properties and damage of the corroded steel bars under the constant-amplitude fatigue load Xiang Sen Ouyang1, Xiao Yong Luo2, Jun Wang3 1, 2School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410075, China 1, 3College of Architecture Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, 411104, China 1Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Received 25 October 2018; received in revised form 7 December 2018; accepted 25 December 2018 DOI https://doi.org/10.21595/jve.2018.20333 Copyright © 2019 Xiang Sen Ouyang, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract. We obtained the corroded steel bars by conducting electrically-accelerated corrosion tests. Then, to investigate the effects of the corrosion ratio and the stress amplitude on the fatigue life, and to further study the damage evolution law under corrosion and fatigue loads, we performed axial fatigue tests on 13 steel bars with various corrosion ratios. The laboratory results show that the fatigue life is logarithmical linear to the stress amplitude, and the increase in corrosion ratio leads to the accelerated decrease in the fatigue life. In addition, the increase in stress amplitude can accelerate the fatigue damage, and further decreases the fatigue life. With the laboratory data, we further established a model to predict the fatigue life of the steel bars with various corrosion ratios. The evolution of the residual strains includes the relatively rapid increase, stable increase and rapid increase stages. -
Is Shuma the Chinese Analog of Soma/Haoma? a Study of Early Contacts Between Indo-Iranians and Chinese
SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS Number 216 October, 2011 Is Shuma the Chinese Analog of Soma/Haoma? A Study of Early Contacts between Indo-Iranians and Chinese by ZHANG He Victor H. Mair, Editor Sino-Platonic Papers Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 USA [email protected] www.sino-platonic.org SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS FOUNDED 1986 Editor-in-Chief VICTOR H. MAIR Associate Editors PAULA ROBERTS MARK SWOFFORD ISSN 2157-9679 (print) 2157-9687 (online) SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS is an occasional series dedicated to making available to specialists and the interested public the results of research that, because of its unconventional or controversial nature, might otherwise go unpublished. The editor-in-chief actively encourages younger, not yet well established, scholars and independent authors to submit manuscripts for consideration. Contributions in any of the major scholarly languages of the world, including romanized modern standard Mandarin (MSM) and Japanese, are acceptable. In special circumstances, papers written in one of the Sinitic topolects (fangyan) may be considered for publication. Although the chief focus of Sino-Platonic Papers is on the intercultural relations of China with other peoples, challenging and creative studies on a wide variety of philological subjects will be entertained. This series is not the place for safe, sober, and stodgy presentations. Sino- Platonic Papers prefers lively work that, while taking reasonable risks to advance the field, capitalizes on brilliant new insights into the development of civilization. Submissions are regularly sent out to be refereed, and extensive editorial suggestions for revision may be offered. Sino-Platonic Papers emphasizes substance over form. -
Pimsleur Mandarin Course I Vocabulary 对不起: Dui(4) Bu(4) Qi(3)
Pimsleur Mandarin Course I vocabulary 对不起 : dui(4) bu(4) qi(3) excuse me; beg your pardon 请 : qing(3) please (polite) 问 : wen(4) ask; 你 : ni(3) you; yourself 会 : hui(4) can 说 : shuo(1) speak; talk 英文 : ying(1) wen(2) English(language) 不会 : bu(4) hui(4) be unable; can not 我 : wo(3) I; myself 一点儿 : yi(1) dian(3) er(2) a little bit 美国人 : mei(3) guo(2) ren(2) American(person); American(people) 是 : shi(4) be 你好 ni(2) hao(3) how are you 普通话 : pu(3) tong(1) hua(4) Mandarin (common language) 不好 : bu(4) hao(3) not good 很好 : hen(3) hao(3) very good 谢谢 : xie(4) xie(4) thank you 人 : ren(2) person; 可是 : ke(3) shi(4) but; however 请问 : qing(3) wen(4) one should like to ask 路 : lu(4) road 学院 : xue(2) yuan(4) college; 在 : zai(4) at; exist 哪儿 : na(3) er(2) where 那儿 na(4) er(2) there 街 : jie(1) street 这儿 : zhe(4) er(2) here 明白 : ming(2) bai(2) understand 什么 : shen(2) me what 中国人 : zhong(1) guo(2) ren(2) Chinese(person); Chinese(people) 想 : xiang(3) consider; want to 吃 : chi(1) eat 东西 : dong(1) xi(1) thing; creature 也 : ye(3) also 喝 : he(1) drink 去 : qu(4) go 时候 : shi(2) hou(4) (a point in) time 现在 : xian(4) zai(4) now 一会儿 : yi(1) hui(4) er(2) a little while 不 : bu(4) not; no 咖啡: ka(1) fei(1) coffee 小姐 : xiao(3) jie(3) miss; young lady 王 wang(2) a surname; king 茶 : cha(2) tea 两杯 : liang(3) bei(1) two cups of 要 : yao(4) want; ask for 做 : zuo(4) do; make 午饭 : wu(3) fan(4) lunch 一起 : yi(1) qi(3) together 北京 : bei(3) jing(1) Beijing; Peking 饭店 : fan(4) dian(4) hotel; restaurant 点钟 : dian(3) zhong(1) o'clock 几 : ji(1) how many; several 几点钟? ji(1) dian(3) zhong(1) what time? 八 : ba(1) eight 啤酒 : pi(2) jiu(3) beer 九 : jiu(3) understand 一 : yi(1) one 二 : er(4) two 三 : san(1) three 四 : si(4) four 五 : wu(3) five 六 : liu(4) six 七 : qi(1) seven 八 : ba(1) eight 九 : jiu(3) nine 十 : shi(2) ten 不行: bu(4) xing(2) won't do; be not good 那么 : na(3) me in that way; so 跟...一起 : gen(1)...yi(1) qi(3) with .. -
Energies Alterations and Chakras' Energies Deficiencies As One of The
RESEARCH ARTICLE Energies Alterations and Chakras’ Energies Deficiencies as one of the Causes of Psoriasis Huang Wei Ling Infectious Diseases, General Practice, Nutrition, Acupuncture, Pain management, Medical Acupuncture and Pain Management Clinic, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil ABSTRACT Introduction: Psoriasis is an inflammatory and proliferative condition of the skin characterized by plaques covered by silvery scales mainly in the exterior surfaces, lumbar region, and scalp. In traditional Chinese medicine, psoriasis is caused by the internal Heat generating a Fire, caused by emotional factors leading to a blocked in the Qi movement. This Fire can enter the Blood circulation or stagnate due to improper diet or due to exogenous Fire. Purpose: the purpose of this study is to demonstrate that patients with psoriasis symptoms have energies alterations and chakras’ energies deficiencies and the balance of this internal energies using Chinese dietary counseling, auricular acupuncture associating with apex ear bloodletting and replenishing the chakras’ energies meridians using homeopathies medications according to the theory Constitutional Homeopathy of the Five Elements Based on Traditional Chinese Medicine are important tools to treat this kind of patients. Methods: Two cases report of patients with history of psoriasis symptoms during years using topical medications and other treatments without any success. They both began treatment using Chinese dietary counseling avoiding dairy products, raw foods, sweets, cold water and also, fried foods, chocolate, honey, coconut, alcoholic beverages, and melted cheese. The radiesthesia procedure was done and reveled that all chakras’ energies were in the lowest level of energy, rated one out of eight and the treatment replenishing the chakras’ energies meridians using homeopathies medications according to the theory created by the author entitled Constitutional Homeopathy of the Five Elements based on Traditional Chinese Medicine. -
Dual-Band Plasmonic Perfect Absorber Based on the Hybrid Halide Perovskite in the Communication Regime
coatings Article Dual-Band Plasmonic Perfect Absorber Based on the Hybrid Halide Perovskite in the Communication Regime Liang Xu 1 , Jian Zeng 1 , Xin Luo 2,* , Libin Xia 1,*, Zongle Ma 1, Bojun Peng 1, Zhengquan Li 1, Xiang Zhai 3 and Lingling Wang 3 1 Energy Materials Computing Center, School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang 330013, China; [email protected] (L.X.); [email protected] (J.Z.); [email protected] (Z.M.); [email protected] (B.P.); [email protected] (Z.L.) 2 School of Science, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China 3 Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; [email protected] (X.Z.); [email protected] (L.W.) * Correspondence: [email protected] (X.L.); [email protected] (L.X.) Abstract: Due to the weak absorption of (CH3NH3)PbI3 in the communication regime, which restricts its optoelectronic applications, we design a adjustable dual-band perfect absorber based on the (CH3NH3)PbI3 to significantly enhance its absorption capability. Since the localized plasmon (LP) mode and surface plasmon (SP) mode are excited in the structure, which can both greatly enhance light absorption of the (CH3NH3)PbI3 layer, dual-band perfect absorption peaks are formed in the communication regime, and the absorption of (CH3NH3)PbI3 layer is increased to 43.1% and 64.2% at the dual-band absorption peaks by using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) methods, respectively. -
Piece Mold, Lost Wax & Composite Casting Techniques of The
Piece Mold, Lost Wax & Composite Casting Techniques of the Chinese Bronze Age Behzad Bavarian and Lisa Reiner Dept. of MSEM College of Engineering and Computer Science September 2006 Table of Contents Abstract Approximate timeline 1 Introduction 2 Bronze Transition from Clay 4 Elemental Analysis of Bronze Alloys 4 Melting Temperature 7 Casting Methods 8 Casting Molds 14 Casting Flaws 21 Lost Wax Method 25 Sanxingdui 28 Environmental Effects on Surface Appearance 32 Conclusion 35 References 36 China can claim a history rich in over 5,000 years of artistic, philosophical and political advancement. As well, it is birthplace to one of the world's oldest and most complex civilizations. By 1100 BC, a high level of artistic and technical skill in bronze casting had been achieved by the Chinese. Bronze artifacts initially were copies of clay objects, but soon evolved into shapes invoking bronze material characteristics. Essentially, the bronze alloys represented in the copper-tin-lead ternary diagram are not easily hot or cold worked and are difficult to shape by hammering, the most common techniques used by the ancient Europeans and Middle Easterners. This did not deter the Chinese, however, for they had demonstrated technical proficiency with hard, thin walled ceramics by the end of the Neolithic period and were able to use these skills to develop a most unusual casting method called the piece mold process. Advances in ceramic technology played an influential role in the progress of Chinese bronze casting where the piece mold process was more of a technological extension than a distinct innovation. Certainly, the long and specialized experience in handling clay was required to form the delicate inscriptions, to properly fit the molds together and to prevent them from cracking during the pour. -
The Rituals of Zhou in East Asian History
STATECRAFT AND CLASSICAL LEARNING: THE RITUALS OF ZHOU IN EAST ASIAN HISTORY Edited by Benjamin A. Elman and Martin Kern CHAPTER FOUR CENTERING THE REALM: WANG MANG, THE ZHOULI, AND EARLY CHINESE STATECRAFT Michael Puett, Harvard University In this chapter I address a basic problem: why would a text like the Rituals of Zhou (Zhouli !"), which purports to describe the adminis- trative structure of the Western Zhou ! dynasty (ca. 1050–771 BCE), come to be employed by Wang Mang #$ (45 BCE–23 CE) and, later, Wang Anshi #%& (1021–1086) in projects of strong state cen- tralization? Answering this question for the case of Wang Mang, how- ever, is no easy task. In contrast to what we have later for Wang Anshi, there are almost no sources to help us understand precisely how Wang Mang used, appropriated, and presented the Zhouli. We are told in the History of the [Western] Han (Hanshu '() that Wang Mang em- ployed the Zhouli, but we possess no commentaries on the text by ei- ther Wang Mang or one of his associates. In fact, we have no full commentary until Zheng Xuan )* (127–200 CE), who was far re- moved from the events of Wang Mang’s time and was concerned with different issues. Even the statements in the Hanshu about the uses of the Zhouli— referred to as the Offices of Zhou (Zhouguan !+) by Wang Mang— are brief. We are told that Wang Mang changed the ritual system of the time to follow that of the Zhouguan,1 that he used the Zhouguan for the taxation system,2 and that he used the Zhouguan, along with the “The Regulations of the King” (“Wangzhi” #,) chapter of the Records of Ritual (Liji "-), to organize state offices.3 I propose to tackle this problem in a way that is admittedly highly speculative. -
The Treatment of Constraint According to Applied Channel Theory 59
Journal of Chinese Medicine • Number 113 • February 2017 The Treatment of Constraint According to Applied Channel Theory 59 The Treatment of Constraint According to Applied Channel Theory Introduction us to the second important concept of Applied By: Wang Ju-yi Commonly-used concepts in Chinese medicine can Channel Theory - channel qi transformation. and be difficult to comprehend, not only for practitioners Channels are involved with the movement of the Jonathan W. who do not know the Chinese language, but also for body’s qi, blood and fluids. They govern the processes Chang those who are native speakers of Chinese. As the most of nourishment, metabolism, growth and eventual fundamental concepts of Chinese medicine originated decline of the viscera, orifices and tissues of the entire Keywords: over two thousand years ago, modern practitioners body. The channels are essential for controlling and Acupuncture, face an arduous task. In order to grasp these classical regulating the processes of absorption, metabolism Chinese concepts, Dr. Wang Ju-yi believes that we should try and transformation of qi, blood, fluids and nutrients. medicine, to understand how the ancient doctors perceived the All physiological and pathological processes involve applied channel world. To do this, Dr. Wang has developed the habit of qi transformation. It is important to note that each theory, channel researching the etymology of Chinese medical terms. channel has its unique physiology (discussed in palpation, By analysing their original meaning, we can come more detail later in this article) and when there is constraint, yu, to understand how classical physicians used these an impediment in channel physiology, an abnormal 郁, depression, terms to describe the physiological and pathological change will appear in the channel that can be physically stagnation phenomena they observed in their patients. -
TREATMENT of CANCER with CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINE Signe E Beebe DVM, CVA, CVCH, CVT Integrative Veterinary Center Sacramento, California, USA
TREATMENT OF CANCER WITH CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINE Signe E Beebe DVM, CVA, CVCH, CVT Integrative Veterinary Center Sacramento, California, USA The focus of this discussion is on the use of Chinese herbal medicine to treat cancer. Acupuncture and Chinese food therapy are typically combined with Chinese herbs in the treatment of cancer. In addition, European mistletoe (IscadorR, HelixorR) and other integrative therapies such as intravenous Vitamin C can also be used in combination with Chinese medicine to treat cancer. The incidence of cancer in pet animals has been gradually increasing over the past few decades and the features of cancer (tumor genetics, biological behavior and histopathology) in dogs appear to parallel that of humans (Paoloni, M., Khanna C., Science and Society: Translation of New Cancer Treatments from Pet Dogs to Humans, Nature Review Cancer, 2008:8:147-156). Cancer incidence increases with age and according to the AVMA is the leading cause of death in dogs 10 years of age and older. Several European cancer group registries have been tracking and recording the occurrence of spontaneous tumors in pet animals as well. Cancer or malignant neoplasia is a class of disease that involves tissues with an altered cell population that operates independently of normal cellular controls. Three properties differentiate them from benign tumors; cancers grow uncontrollably, invade and destroy adjacent tissues and can metastasize and spread to other parts of the body via blood and or lymphatic circulation. Cancers consume body resources, grow at the expense of the individual and provide no benefit to the body. The most common cancers reported involved the skin (mast cell tumor), mammary glands (adenocarcinoma) and lymph tissue (lymphoma). -
The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2012 Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier Wai Kit Wicky Tse University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Asian History Commons, Asian Studies Commons, and the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Tse, Wai Kit Wicky, "Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier" (2012). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 589. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/589 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/589 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier Abstract As a frontier region of the Qin-Han (221BCE-220CE) empire, the northwest was a new territory to the Chinese realm. Until the Later Han (25-220CE) times, some portions of the northwestern region had only been part of imperial soil for one hundred years. Its coalescence into the Chinese empire was a product of long-term expansion and conquest, which arguably defined the egionr 's military nature. Furthermore, in the harsh natural environment of the region, only tough people could survive, and unsurprisingly, the region fostered vigorous warriors. Mixed culture and multi-ethnicity featured prominently in this highly militarized frontier society, which contrasted sharply with the imperial center that promoted unified cultural values and stood in the way of a greater degree of transregional integration. As this project shows, it was the northwesterners who went through a process of political peripheralization during the Later Han times played a harbinger role of the disintegration of the empire and eventually led to the breakdown of the early imperial system in Chinese history. -
Joint Center for Soft Matter and Biological Physics and Condensed Matter Seminar Prof
Joint Center for Soft Matter and Biological Physics and Condensed Matter Seminar Prof. Qi-Huo Wei Department of Physics and Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH “Printing Molecular Orientations as You Wish” Date/Time: Monday, 21 October 2019, 4:00pm -5:00pm Location: 304 Robeson Hall Abstract: Liquid crystals consisting of rod-shaped molecules are a remarkable soft matter with extraordinary responsivity to external stimuli. Techniques to control molecular orientations are essential in both making and operating liquid crystal devices that have changed our daily lives completely. Traditional display devices are based on uniform alignments of molecules at substrate surfaces. In this talk, I will present a new photopatterning approach for aligning molecules into complex 2D and 3D orientations with sub-micron resolutions. This approach relies on so-called plasmonic metamasks to generate designer polarization direction patterns and photoalignments. I will present the basic principles behind this approach and a number of intriguing applications enabled by it, including micro-optical devices for laser beam shaping, commanding chaotic motions of bacteria, and creating topological defects with designer structures. Qi-Huo Wei studied in the Physics Department at Nanjing University and got his PhD in condensed matter physics in 1993. He is currently a professor at the Advanced Material and Liquid Crystal Institute in Kent State University, USA. He made original contributions to the basic understanding of a diverse set of topics, including single-file diffusion, plasmonic coupling in nanoparticles, Brownian motion of low symmetry colloids, and photoalignment patterning of molecular orientations. He was an Alexander von Humboldt research fellow between 1996 and 1999 at University of Konstanz in Germany, and a recipient of the NSF CAREER award in 2011. -
The Journal of Osteopathy October 1902
The Journal of Osteopathy October 1902 Reproduced with a gift from Jane Stark, B.Sc., Dip. S.I.M., C.A.T. (c), D.O.M.P. Still National Osteopathic Museum © May not be reproduced without the permission of the Still National Osteopathic Museum © Still National Osteopathic Museum, Kirks,:iIIe, MO THE JOURNAL OF OS~"EOPATHY KIRKSVILLE, MISSOURI, OCTOBER, 1902. CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF NEW MEXICO AND OSTEO PATHIC TREATMENT FOR TUBERCULOSIS. C. H. CONNER M. D., D.O., ALBUQUERQUE, N. M. TUBERCULOSIS is the most widely spread and general disease afflicting mankind. It prevails in all countries but more in large cities and where the population is massed together. The greatest prevalence of tuberculosis is' found where the residents are confined and restricted in the matter of fresh air and a free, open life; condi tions which would favor, on the one hand, the presence of bacilli in the atmos phere and on the other, lower the vital resistance of the individual. The etiology of this disease has a wide range of different opinions: her editary transmissions, modes of living, climate, the bacillus tuberculosis, in fection through the air, milk, meat and other articles of food and lastly, trau matism and constitutional peculiarities which I wish to discuss from an osteo pathic standpoint. Since the announ('ement by Robt. Koch of Berlin, in 1882 of the specific causative factor of tuberculosis (the so-called bacillus of tuber culosis), practically nothing has been accomplished in either limiting or pre venting the spread of this great malady. Numberless rem~dies and alleged specifics have been heralded to the world from time to time, such as the differ ent concoctions of cod liver oil, creosote and the various poisonous prepara tions known as serums.