HO-1112 Renehan Property

Architectural Survey File

This is the architectural survey file for this MIHP record. The survey file is organized reverse- chronological (that is, with the latest material on top). It contains all MIHP inventory forms, National Register nomination forms, determinations of eligibility (DOE) forms, and accompanying documentation such as photographs and maps.

Users should be aware that additional undigitized material about this property may be found in on-site architectural reports, copies of HABS/HAER or other documentation, drawings, and the “vertical files” at the MHT Library in Crownsville. The vertical files may include newspaper clippings, field notes, draft versions of forms and architectural reports, photographs, maps, and drawings. Researchers who need a thorough understanding of this property should plan to visit the MHT Library as part of their research project; look at the MHT web site (mht..gov) for details about how to make an appointment.

All material is property of the Maryland Historical Trust.

Last Updated: 02-07-2013 MARYLAND HISTORICAL TRUST NR Eligible: yes DETERMINATION OF ELIGIBILITY FORM no

'roperty Name: Renehan Property Inventory Number: HO-1112

Address: 751 Sykesville Road(MD 32) Historic district: yes X no

City: Sykesville Zip Code: 21784 County: Howard

USGS Quadrangle(s): Sykesville

Property Owner: Joseph A. Renehan, Jr. Tax Account ID Number: 03-293874

Tax Map Parcel Number(s): 0022-0025 Tax Map Number: 004

Project: MD 32 from S. of Day Road to N. of W. Friendship Road Wide Agency: Maryland State Highway Adminstration

Agency Prepared By: Skelly and Loy, Inc. Preparer's Name: Gerald Kuncio Date Prepared: 10/24/2012

Documentation is presented in: Project Review and Compliance Files

Preparer's Eligibility Recommendation: Eligibility recommended X Eligibility not recommended

Criteria: A B C D Considerations: A B C D E F G

Complete if the property is a contributing or non-contributing resource to a NR district/property: Name of the District/Property: Inventory Number: Eligible: yes Listed: yes

ite visit by MHT Staff yes X no Name: Date:

Description of Property and Justification: (Please attach map and photo) Description:

The Renehan Property (HO-1112) is located on the east side of Maryland Route 32 (MD 32)/Sykesville Road just to the north of its intersection with Day Road, approximately one mile south of Sykesville and the South Branch in District 3, Howard County. The property contains 7.0 acres of land. Situated on the property are two historic residences, a large commercial garage, and a smaller shed. Neither the garage nor the shed is greater than 50 years old.

The house with the longest association with the property is a two story frame house with Queen Anne style elements, which dates to ca. 1896. It is located just to the east of MD 32/Sykesville Road and is reached via an access driveway that parallels the highway. The house is three bays wide by two bays deep, with a two story, two bay by two bay projecting ell at the rear. At the front is a full-width, open plan porch with a wood floor and a half-hipped roof supported by four bedpost columns. The house has a rubble stone foundation; because the building is built into a shallow hillside, much of the foundation of the rear ell is above ground. It is finished with a cross-gable roof with asphalt shingles.

MARYLAND HISTORICAL TRUST REVIEW Eligibility recommended Eligibility not recommended X

Criteria: A B C D Considerations: A B C D E F G MHT Comments:

Reviewer, Office of Preservation Services Date

Date NR-ELIGIBILITY REVIEW FORM

HO-1112 Renehan Property Page 2

.The house's Queen Anne style elements include its overall massing, the front porch, and the cross-gable roof, which takes the form of a pediment roof on the south side. The pediment tops another Queen Anne style element, a two story, three sided bay. The house has had a number of alterations which diminish the integrity of the resource. The exterior finish consists of wide vinyl siding and all windows are replacement one over one metal sash. The building now functions as a multi-unit apartment building, which has resulted in a number of changes to the exterior. The rear ell has been widened by a bay; the south wall of the house is blank except for a pedestrian door, which is reached via a long set of wood stairs; and a pedestrian door and a long set of stairs have also been added to the north wall.

The lot on which the house sits includes a number of mature trees. There is also a stacked stone retaining wall running southwest from the northeast comer of the house.

The property's second house is located behind and slightly to the northeast of the first house. According to the property's current (2012) owner, it was moved onto the property from its original location across MD 32/Sykesville Road when the highway was widened and realigned in 1959 (Renehan, personal communication 2012). The house is an altered example of a common vernacular style home from the early twentieth century. It is two stories high, three bays wide and one bay deep, with a two story high, one bay deep, and one bay wide ell projecting from the rear. There is an enclosed, one story porch within the legs of the ell and a non-historic wood deck across the entire rear of the building. Other changes include vinyl siding; metal replacement windows; alteration to the front fenestration (openings on the south side have been covered with siding), and a change in the front porch; the one story, one bay porch with square wood columns and a half-hipped roof does not appear to be original. The house foundation is concrete and the side gable roof is finished with asphah shingles. The house is used as the property owner's residence.

To the southwest of the house with Queen Anne style elements is a non-historic three bay garage with a shallow side gable, corrugated metal roof It dates to the mid-1990s (Howard County Aerial Photography Viewer 2012). The building has a steel frame and is finished with vertical metal siding. There are two large, metal roll-up doors and a pedestrian door on the south fa9ade. All remaining walls are blank.

The non-historic shed is located to the northwest of the second house. It is frame, one story high, two bays wide, and one bay deep. It is supported on wood piers. There are two sets of double wood doors on the west fa9ade. The side gable roof is finished with asphalt shingles.

In addition to these built resources, the property also includes numerous mobile trailers and tanks associated with a water hauling business that is conducted from this location.

History:

The Renehan family purchased the seven acre property at 751 MD 32/Sykesville Road from Rachel F. and Robert Day in 1912. It remains in the Renehan family as of 2012.

In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, much of the land immediately south of the South Branch Patapsco River and Sykesville, along what is now MD 32/Sykesville Road, was owned by Robert Dorsey of Edward. In 1838, Dorsey and his wife sold approximately one hundred acres of land on the east side of Sykesville Road, including what is now the Renehan Property, to John Thompson (Anne Arundel Deeds 1838:257). Thompson was a farmer. The 1850 agricultural census schedule lists him as owning in excess of 200 acres of land. His chief crops were wheat, com, oats, Irish potatoes, and hay (U.S. Census 1850).

MARYLAND HISTORICAL TRUST REVIEW Eligibility recommended Eligibility not recommended

Criteria: ABC ^^D Considerations: A B C D IMHT Comments:

Reviewer, Office of Preservation Services Date

Reviewer, National Register Program Date NR-ELIGIBILITY REVIEW FORM

HO-1112 Renehan Property Page 3 Thompson died ca. 1855. His will devised the 100 acre tract to his wife for the remainder of her life; it was then to pass to his four ' children (Howard County Deeds 1872:535). An 1860 map of Howard County shows a house belonging to Mrs. Thompson on the land (Figure 1; Martenet 1860); it would have been an earlier house on the property, not the house with Queen Anne style elements currently on the property.

Following the death of Mrs. Thompson, the children apparently could not come to an amicable division of the land. Consequently, in 1870 Thompson's trustees sold the land to Jacob Zimmerman and Louis Schultz, who would own it until 1883 (Howard County Deeds 1872:535 and 1883:190). Zimmerman and Schultz ran a dry goods store in Sykesville (Greenberg 2002:11, 21, 24). An 1878 map of Howard County shows A. Harding as possibly residing on the property (Figure 2; Hopkins 1878). It is believed this would have been an earlier house on the property, not the house with Queen Anne style elements currently on the property. The 1880 agricultural census schedule lists Zimmerman and Schultz as owning 175 acres of farmland in Howard County, of which 100 acres were improved. However, the only portions listed as cultivated were 10 acres for buckwheat, one acre in apples, and 10 acres as a woodlot (U.S. Census 1880). The remainder may have been operated by a tenant.

Zimmerman and Schultz sold the property in 1883 and two years later a parcel estimated at 97 acres was purchased by James L. Britton of Howard County for $2,400 (Howard County Deeds 1885:191). The value of Britton's land and of the improvements to the land both increased after 1896 (Howard County Assessment Record 1896:24). This seems to indicate that Britton built the house with Queen Anne style elements that is currently on the property; the style is consistent with the time frame.

Britton lost the land in 1905 (Howard County Deeds 1905:608). The man who bought it at public auction sold two separate parcels in 1909 to Rachel F. Day, one parcel of seven acres and a second of 95 acres (Howard County Deeds 1909:193 and 1909:351). In 1912, Day sold the seven acre parcel to Aloysius H. and Mary 1. Renehan (Howard County Deeds 1912:527). This parcel would have included the Queen Anne style house on the property. In April 1913, Aloysius Renehan was assessed for constructing a new building on his property, an "iron shop" (Howard County Assessment Record 1913:212).

The 1920 population census record lists Aloysius Renehan as a 47 year old, self-employed plumber who owned his house outright. His wife, Mary, was a homemaker. His younger son, Sydney, age 17, was a mechanic working out of a shop on the property, perhaps what had been constructed as the iron shop. His older son, Elmer, age 18, was an electrician employed away from home (U.S. Census 1920:3A and 3B).

Neither Aloysius nor Mary I. Renehan could be located in the 1930 census. However, by that time, and undoubtedly earlier, Aloysius Renehan and his younger son, Sydney, had gone into the canning business, operating as A.H. Renehan & Son. They were known for producing apple butter, apple juice, and sliced apples, marketed under the Patapsco brand. A history of the Sykesville area contends they opened their first factory in 1915 (Barrow 1987:51), which is at odds with the 1920 population census record. However, it seems fairly certain that the business was in operation out of this seven acre property by the 1920s: "The storage bins and a two-story wooden factory building were in a side yard near Renehan's house" (Barrow 1987:52), near the current location of the garage building. The 1940 population census lists both Mary and Sydney Renehan as "manufacturers of apple butter" (Aloysius had died in 1935). They shared the house on the seven acre property, along with Sydney's wife, their six children, and a lodger who was a laborer at the apple butter factory (U.S. Census 1940:22A).

Commercial canning operations appeared along the Patapsco River around 1890 (Foertschbeck 2011:11). The appearance of canneries coincided with a shift in agriculture in Maryland during the late nineteenth century. The westward movement of large- scale grain production had reduced Maryland's agricultural importance to the nation, transforming the state's economy into one dominated by manufacturing. Central Maryland, including Howard County, had shifted primarily to dairy production by the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries (University of Maryland 2009). The farmland in the vicinity of the project area was also

MARYLAND HISTORICAL TRUST REVIEW

Eligibility recommended Eligibility not recommended

Criteria: A B C D Considerations: A B C D

MHT Comments:

Reviewer, Office of Preservation Services Date

Reviewer, National Register Program Date NR-ELIGIBILITY REVIEW FORM

HO-1112 Renehan Property Page 4

, known for ftnit and vegetable production, thanks to the presence of canneries in both Howard and Carroll counties. Sykesville- ' area canneries included the B.F. SkinnerCompany and A.H. Renehan & Son (Barrow 1987:51-52; Brockett 2001:8.5; Foertschbeck 2011:12).

B.F. Skinner Company arrived first building a canning complex in 1917 just south of Sykesville and the South Branch Patapsco River, at the intersection of what is now old MD 32 and Forsythe Road. The plant operated until 1931, packing predominantly peas and sweet com (Barrow 1987:51). A.H. Renehan and Son, as noted above, first canned on this seven acre property, probably in the 1920s. The Renehan factory suffered fire damage in 1935 (Foertschbeck 2011:12). Aloysius Renehan died in the same year (Howard County Deeds 1959:303); it is not known if the events are related. The factory was rebuilt in frame and concrete.

A.H. Renehan and Son purchased B.F. Skinner's canning plant in 1944, undoubtedly due to stepped-up wartime production; two- thirds of the military's food supply came from canned goods (Barrow 1987:52; Brockett 2001:8.5). After the war, A.H. Renehan and Son continued to produce apple butter from the seven acre property, employing as many as 150 people on three shifts during peak production season (Barrow 1987:52; Renehan, personal communication 2012). A 1957 State Roads Commission (SRC) as- built map of Route 32 shows the A.H. Renehan & Son apple butter factory in relation to house, which it dwarfs in size (Figure 3; SRC 1957). The factory burned down either in 1964 (Renehan, personal communication 2012) or 1965 (Barrow 1987:52). All operations then shifted to the former B.F. Skinner factory until the 1986 death of Sydney Renehan, after which the company went out of business (Barrow 1987:52).

Following Aloysius Renehan's death in 1935, the seven acre property remained in the name of his widow, Mary I. Renehan, until her own death in 1958. The property then passed by agreement to her younger son, Sydney (Howard County Deeds 1959:303). In 1959, the second house was moved on to the property from its original location across MD 32 (Renehan, personal communication 2012). Following Sydney Renehan's death in 1986, the seven acre property passed to his son, Joseph Hugh Renehan, and his grandson, Joseph Hugh Renehan, Jr. (Howard County Deeds 1986:64). As of 2012, Joseph Hugh Renehan, Jr. lived in the house moved on to the property in 1959 and operated a water hauling business out of the garage building. The house with Queen Anne style elements was converted to a multi-unit apartment building in 1990-1991 (Renehan, personal communication 2012).

'National Register of Historic Places Evaluation

The Renehan Property (HO-1112) is not eligible for National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) listing. The property is associated with A.H. Renehan and Son, a locally important cannery, part of an industry that helped shape the direction of agricultural production in Howard County in the late nineteenth and early to mid-twentieth century. However, the resource that would best convey this association with agriculture and the canning industry, the apple butter factory that once operated on site, burned down in the mid-1960s. No trace of it remains and the garage building apparently occupies a portion of its site. The two houses on the property do not convey the property's agricultural and industrial significance. Consequently, the property does not have significance or integrity under NRHP Criterion A. In order to be eligible for listing under NRHP Criterion B, a resource must be associated with an individual whose specific contribution to history can be identified and documented, and the property must demonstrate that person's important achievements. The property was the home and site of the initial factory of A.H. Renehan and Son, a locally important canning operation. However, the portion of the property that would demonstrate the important achievements of A.H. Renehan, the apple butter factory, is no longer present. Consequently, the resource is evaluated as not significant under NRHP Criterion B.

The property is also evaluated as not eligible for NRHP listing under NRHP Criterion C for architecture. Two of the four buildings on the property are historic, but both lack architectural significance and integrity. The earlier house has Queen Anne style elements, but it is not architecturally distinctive and it has been altered. Changes include vinyl siding, replacement windows.

MARYLAND HISTORICAL TRUST REVIEW Eligibility recommended Eligibility not recommended

Criteria: A B C D Considerations: A B C D MHI Comments:

Reviewer, Office of Preservation Services Date

Reviewer, National Register Program Date NR-ELIGIBILITY REVIEW FORM

HO-1112 Renehan Property Page 5 I an addition to the south side of the rear ell, and changes to the house's fenestration pattern. The second house on the property was moved to its present location from across MD 32/Sykesville Road in 1959. It is an altered version of a common vernacular style house from the early twentieth century. Changes include vinyl siding, replacement windows, a change to the fenestration pattern, the enclosing of the rear porch, and the deck placed along the rear of the property.

The Renehan Property was not evaluated under Criterion D as part of this assessment.

References

Anne Arundel Deeds 1838 Robert Dorsey of Edward and wife to John Thompson. Deed Book 23, Page 257. On file, Howard County Land Records Office of the Clerk of the Circuit Court, Columbia, Maryland.

Barrow, H. 1987 Sykesville Past and Present. Greenburg Publishing Company, Sykesville, Maryland.

Brockett, A. 2001 South Branch Recreational Area Survey District. Maryland Inventory of Historic Properties Form HO-751. On file, Maryland Historical Trust, Crownsville, Maryland.

Foertschbeck, J.H. 2011' I Canning Companies Along the Potomac - Part II. The Rusted Plow, Newsletter of the Howard County Antique Farm Machinery Club. June 2011. Website at http://www.farmheritage.org/Rusted%20Plow%20June%)20201 l.pdf Accessed October 10,2012.

Greenberg, L.F. 2002 Sykesville Past and Present: A Walking Tour. Brinkmann Publishing, LLC, Sykesville, Maryland.

Hopkins, G.M. 1878 Atlas of Fifteen Miles Around Including Howard Co., Maryland. G.M. Hopkins, Philadelphia.

Howard County Aerial Photography Viewer 2012 Website at http://data.howardcountymd.g0v/GAerialPhoto/GAerialPhoto.asp#. Accessed October 10, 2012.

Howard County Assessment Record 1896 Howard County Board of Commissioners (Assessment Record) 1896-1910, Election District 3. MdHR 50, 329-43. On file, Maryland State Archives, Annapolis.

1913 Howard County Board of Commissioners (Assessment Record) 1910-1917, Election District 3. MdHR 50, 329-44. On file, Maryland State Archives, Annapolis.

Howard County Deeds 1872 James MacKubin and Enoch Y. Thompson, Trustees of John Thompson, to Jacob M. Zimmerman and Louis W. Schultz. Deed Book 31, Page 535. On file. Howard County Land Records Office of the Clerk of the Circuit Court, Columbia, Maryland.

MARYLAND HISTORICAL TRUST REVIEW Eligibility recommended Eligibility not recommended

Criteria: A B C D Considerations: A B C D MHT Comments:

Reviewer, Office of Preservation Services Date

Reviewer, National Register Program Date NR-ELIGIBILITY REVIEW FORM

HO-1112 Renehan Property Page 6

1883 Jacob M. Zimmerman and Louis W. Schultz to Clarence Phelps. Deed Book 47, Page 190. On file, Howard County Land Records Office of the Deeds of the Circuit Court, Columbia, Maryland.

1885 Clarence and Mary V. Phelps to James L. Britton. Deed Book 50, Page 191. On file, Howard County Land Records Office of the Clerk of the Circuit Court, Columbia, Maryland.

1905 Herbert B. Stimpson, Trustee to Robert A. Harding. Deed Book 80, Page 608. On file, Howard County Land Records Office of the Clerk of the Circuit Court, Columbia, Maryland.

1909 Robert A. and Louella Harding to Rachel F. Day. Deed Book 87, Page 193. On file, Howard County Land Records Office of the Clerk of the Circuit Court, Columbia, Maryland.

1909 Robert A. and Louella Harding to Rachel F. Day. Deed Book 88, Page 351. On file, Howard County Land Records Office of the Clerk of the Circuit Court, Columbia, Maryland.

1912 Rachel Frances Day and Robert E. Day to Aloysius H. and Mary L Renehan. Deed Book 92, Page 527. Deed Book 88, Page 351. On file, Howard County Land Records Office of the Clerk of the Circuit Court, Columbia, Maryland.

1959 Sidney H. Renehan, Administrator of the Estate of Mary I. Renehan, to Sidney H. Renehan. Deed Book 332, Page 303. On file, Howard County Land Records Office of the Clerk of the Circuit Court, Columbia, Maryland.

1986 Paul F. Wooden, Representative of Sidney H. Renehan, deceased, to Joseph Hugh Renehan and Joseph Hugh Renehan, Jr. Deed Book 1570, Page 646. On file, Howard County Land Records Office of the Clerk of the Circuit Court, Columbia, Maryland.

Martenet, S.J. 1860 Martenet's Map of Howard County, Maryland; Drawn Entirely From Actual Surveys. John Scofield, Baltimore.

Renehan, J.H., Jr. 2012 Personal communication with J.H. Renehan, Jr., current owner of the property. September 25, 2012.

State Roads Commission (SRC) 1957 State MD 32, U.S. Route 40 Towards Sykesville. Contract No. 292-1-720, Plat No. 18130. On file, Howard County Land Records Office of the Clerk of the Circuit Court, Columbia, Maryland.

United States Bureau of the Census (U.S. Census) 1850 Schedule of Production of Agriculture for the Third District, Howard County, Maryland. On file, Maryland State Archives, Annapolis.

1880 Schedule of Production of Agriculture for the Third District, Howard County, Maryland. On file, Maryland State Archives, Annapolis.

1920 Population Schedule for the Third District. Howard County, Maryland. Website at Ancestry.com. Accessed October 8. 2012.

MARYLAND HISTORICAL TRUST REVIEW Eligibility recommended Eligibility not recommended

Criteria: A B C D Considerations: A B C D

MHT Comments:

Reviewer, Office of Preservation Services Date

Reviewer, National Register Program Date NR-ELIGIBILITY REVIEW FORM

HO-1112 Renehan Property Page 7

1940 Population Schedule for the Third District, Howard County, Maryland. Website at Ancestry.com. Accessed October 8, 2012.

United States Geological Survey (USGS) ZOl 1 Sykesville, Maryland, topographic map, 7.5 minute quadrangle. United States Geological Survey, Denver.

University of Maryland Z009 The Agricultural History of Maryland. University of Maryland Libraries, Special Collections. Website at http://www.lib.umd.edu/agriculture/usain/mdhistory.html.

MARYLAND HISTORICAL TRUST REVIEW Eligibility recommended Eligibility not recommended

Criteria: A B C D Considerations: A B C D E F G MHT Comments:

Reviewer, Office of Preservation Services Date

Reviewer, National Register Program Date HO-1112 SIT E PLA N RENEHA N PROPERT Y HO-1112 FIGURE 1 -PROJECT AREA IN 1860 RENEHAN PROPERTY APPROXIMATE LOCATION OF SOURCE: MARTENET 1860 HO-1112 FIGURE 2 - PROJECT AREA IN 1878 RENEHAN PROPERTY APPROXIMATE LOCATION OF SOURCE: HOPKINS 1878 HO-1112 FIGURE 3 - HOUSE AND FACTORY IN 1957 SOURCE: SRC 1957 HO-1112 HO-1112

TAX PARCEL MAP 751 SYKESVILLERD RENEHAN PROPERTY HO-1112 SYKESVILLE, HOWARD COUNTY PHOTOGRAPH LOG

Project No. H0472B21 MD 32 from S. of Day Road to N. of W. Friendship Road Widening Project Howard County, IVIaryland Photographer: Laura C. Ricketts, Skelly and Loy, Inc. Date: September 26, 2012 Ink and Paper: HP 564 80+ Years Permanent Ink and HP Premium Plus Photo Paper CD-R Gold: Verbatim Ultralife Archival Grade CD-R, 24 karat gold and patented Phthalocyanine phase-changing dye

HO-1112_2012-09-26_01.tif. Front (west) and south sides of the original farmhouse, facing north.

HO-1112_2012-09-26_02.tif. Front (west) and south sides of the original farmhouse, facing east.

HO-1112_2012-09-26_03.tif. North side of the original farmhouse, facing south.

HO-1112_2012-09-26_04.tif. Rear (east) and north side of the original farmhouse, facing south

HO-1112_2012-09-26_05.tif. South and rear (east) sides of the original farmhouse and the stone retaining wall, facing west.

HO-1112_2012-09-26_06.tif. South and front (west) sides of the original farmhouse, facing north.

HO-1112_2012-09-26_07.tif. Front (west) and south sides of the moved house, facing north.

HO-1112_2012-09-26_08.tif. Front (west) and north sides of the moved house, facing east.

HO-1112_2012-09-26_09.tif. Front (south) and east sides of the garage, facing southwest.

HO-1112_2012-09-26_10.tif. Front (south) and west sides of the garage, facing northeast.

HO-1112_2012-09-26_11 .tif. West and north sides of the garage, facing west

HO-1112_2012-09-26_12.tif. Front (west) and south sides of the shed, facing north.