Dr. M. Murphy Westwood
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A Systematic Study of Berkheya and Allies (Compositae)
A systematic study of Berkheya and allies (Compositae) A thesis submitted in the fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science of Rhodes University by Ntombifikile Phaliso April 2013 Supervisor: Prof. N.P. Barker (Botany Department, Rhodes University) Co-supervisor: Dr. Robert McKenzie (Botany Department, Rhodes University) Table of contents: Title ……………………………………………………………………………..I Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………...III Declaration……………………………………………………………………IV Abstract…………………………………………………………………………1 Chapter 1: General Introduction……………………………………………..3 Chapter 2: The molecular phylogeny of Berkheya and allies……………...12 Aims………………………………………………………………………………………….12 2.1: Molecular (DNA-based) systematic……………………………………………………..12 2.2: Methods and Materials…………………………………………………………………..18 2.1.1: Sampling…………………………………………………………………………..18 2.1.2: DNA extraction, amplification and sequencing…………………………………..18 2.1.3: Sequence alignment……………………………………………………………..19 2.1.4: Phylogenetic Analyses …………………………………………………………...21 2.3: Results…………………………………………………………………………………..22 2.3.1: ITS data set………………………………………………………………………..22 2.3.2: psbA-trnH data set………………………………………………………………..23 2.3.3: Combined data set………………………………………………………………...24 2.4: Discussion……………………………………………………………………………….28 2.4.1: Phylogenetic relationships within the Berkheya clade……………………………28 2.4.2: Insights from the psbA-trnH & combined data set phylogenies………………….37 2.4.3: Taxonomic implications: paraphyly of Berkheya………………………………...39 2.4.4: Taxonomic Implications: Correspondence with -
Sand Mine Near Robertson, Western Cape Province
SAND MINE NEAR ROBERTSON, WESTERN CAPE PROVINCE BOTANICAL STUDY AND ASSESSMENT Version: 1.0 Date: 06 April 2020 Authors: Gerhard Botha & Dr. Jan -Hendrik Keet PROPOSED EXPANSION OF THE SAND MINE AREA ON PORTION4 OF THE FARM ZANDBERG FONTEIN 97, SOUTH OF ROBERTSON, WESTERN CAPE PROVINCE Report Title: Botanical Study and Assessment Authors: Mr. Gerhard Botha and Dr. Jan-Hendrik Keet Project Name: Proposed expansion of the sand mine area on Portion 4 of the far Zandberg Fontein 97 south of Robertson, Western Cape Province Status of report: Version 1.0 Date: 6th April 2020 Prepared for: Greenmined Environmental Postnet Suite 62, Private Bag X15 Somerset West 7129 Cell: 082 734 5113 Email: [email protected] Prepared by Nkurenkuru Ecology and Biodiversity 3 Jock Meiring Street Park West Bloemfontein 9301 Cell: 083 412 1705 Email: gabotha11@gmail com Suggested report citation Nkurenkuru Ecology and Biodiversity, 2020. Section 102 Application (Expansion of mining footprint) and Final Basic Assessment & Environmental Management Plan for the proposed expansion of the sand mine on Portion 4 of the Farm Zandberg Fontein 97, Western Cape Province. Botanical Study and Assessment Report. Unpublished report prepared by Nkurenkuru Ecology and Biodiversity for GreenMined Environmental. Version 1.0, 6 April 2020. Proposed expansion of the zandberg sand mine April 2020 botanical STUDY AND ASSESSMENT I. DECLARATION OF CONSULTANTS INDEPENDENCE » act/ed as the independent specialist in this application; » regard the information contained in this -
Genetic Diversity and Evolution in Lactuca L. (Asteraceae)
Genetic diversity and evolution in Lactuca L. (Asteraceae) from phylogeny to molecular breeding Zhen Wei Thesis committee Promotor Prof. Dr M.E. Schranz Professor of Biosystematics Wageningen University Other members Prof. Dr P.C. Struik, Wageningen University Dr N. Kilian, Free University of Berlin, Germany Dr R. van Treuren, Wageningen University Dr M.J.W. Jeuken, Wageningen University This research was conducted under the auspices of the Graduate School of Experimental Plant Sciences. Genetic diversity and evolution in Lactuca L. (Asteraceae) from phylogeny to molecular breeding Zhen Wei Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor at Wageningen University by the authority of the Rector Magnificus Prof. Dr A.P.J. Mol, in the presence of the Thesis Committee appointed by the Academic Board to be defended in public on Monday 25 January 2016 at 1.30 p.m. in the Aula. Zhen Wei Genetic diversity and evolution in Lactuca L. (Asteraceae) - from phylogeny to molecular breeding, 210 pages. PhD thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen, NL (2016) With references, with summary in Dutch and English ISBN 978-94-6257-614-8 Contents Chapter 1 General introduction 7 Chapter 2 Phylogenetic relationships within Lactuca L. (Asteraceae), including African species, based on chloroplast DNA sequence comparisons* 31 Chapter 3 Phylogenetic analysis of Lactuca L. and closely related genera (Asteraceae), using complete chloroplast genomes and nuclear rDNA sequences 99 Chapter 4 A mixed model QTL analysis for salt tolerance in -
Oregon Department of Agriculture Pest Risk Assessment for Welted Thistle, Carduus Crispus L
Oregon Department of Agriculture Pest Risk Assessment for Welted thistle, Carduus crispus L. February 2017 Species: Welted thistle, Curly plumeless thistle, (Carduus crispus) L. Family: Asteraceae Findings of this review and assessment: Welted thistle (Carduus crispus) was evaluated and determined to be a category “A” rated noxious weed, as defined by the Oregon Department of Agriculture (ODA) Noxious Weed Policy and Classification System. This determination was based on a literature review and analysis using two ODA evaluation forms. Using the Noxious Qualitative Weed Risk Assessment v. 3.8, welted thistle scored 61 indicating a Risk Category of A; and a score of 16 with the Noxious Weed Rating System v. 3.1, indicating an “A” rating. Introduction: Welted thistle, native to Europe and Asia, has become a weed of waste ground, pastures, and roadsides, in some areas of the United States. The first record of welted thistle occurred in the Eastern U.S. in 1974. For decades, only one site (British Columbia) had been documented west of the Rockies. In 2016, a new western infestation was detected in Wallowa County, Oregon. Welted thistle was found invading irrigated field margins, ditch banks and tended alfalfa crops. Several satellite infestations were found within a mile radius of the core infestation (see Appendix, Map 1). It is not clear how the plant was introduced into Oregon, but contaminated crop seed is suspected. Carduus crispus closely resembles the more common C. acanthoides (plumeless thistle) that is also present in very low numbers in Wallowa County. Wallowa County listed welted thistle as an A-rated weed and quickly expanded survey boundaries and began implementing early eradication measures. -
Insights Into the Evolution of the Tribe Arctoteae (Compositae: Subfamily Cichorioideae S.S.) Using Trnl-F, Ndhf, and ITS
TAXON 53 (3) • August 2004: 637-655 Funk & al. • Evolution of the tribe Arctoteae • ASTERACEAE Insights into the evolution of the tribe Arctoteae (Compositae: subfamily Cichorioideae s.s.) using trnL-F, ndhF, and ITS Vicki A. Funk*, Raymund Chan2 & Sterling C. Keeley2 1 U.S. National Herbarium, Smithsonian Institution MRC 166, P.O. Box 37012, Washington D.C. 20013 U.S.A. [email protected] (author for correspondence) 2 Department of Botany, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Hawaii 96822, U.S.A. [email protected]; ster- ling@hawaii. edu Compositae (Asteraceae) are the largest flowering plant family (23,000 to 30,000 species) and its members are found throughout the world in both temperate and tropical habitats. The subfamilies and tribes of Compositae remained relatively constant for many years; recent molecular studies, however, have identified new subfa- milial groups and identified previously unknown relationships. Currently there are 35 tribes and 10 subfami- lies (Baldwin & al., 2002; Panero & Funk, 2002). Some of the tribes and subfamilies have not been tested for monophyly and without a clear understanding of the major genera that form each tribe and subfamily, an accu- rate phylogeny for the family cannot be reconstructed. The tribe Arctoteae (African daisies) is a diverse and interesting group with a primarily southern African distribution (ca. 17 genera, 220 species). They are espe- cially important in that most of the species are found in the Cape Floral Kingdom, the smallest floral kingdom and the subject of intense conservation interest. Arctoteae are part of the monophyletic subfamily Cichorioideae s.s. Other tribes in the subfamily include Eremothamneae, Gundelieae, Lactuceae, Liabeae, Moquineae, and Vernonieae, and these were all evaluated as potential outgroups. -
Wasps and Bees in Southern Africa
SANBI Biodiversity Series 24 Wasps and bees in southern Africa by Sarah K. Gess and Friedrich W. Gess Department of Entomology, Albany Museum and Rhodes University, Grahamstown Pretoria 2014 SANBI Biodiversity Series The South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) was established on 1 Sep- tember 2004 through the signing into force of the National Environmental Manage- ment: Biodiversity Act (NEMBA) No. 10 of 2004 by President Thabo Mbeki. The Act expands the mandate of the former National Botanical Institute to include respon- sibilities relating to the full diversity of South Africa’s fauna and flora, and builds on the internationally respected programmes in conservation, research, education and visitor services developed by the National Botanical Institute and its predecessors over the past century. The vision of SANBI: Biodiversity richness for all South Africans. SANBI’s mission is to champion the exploration, conservation, sustainable use, appreciation and enjoyment of South Africa’s exceptionally rich biodiversity for all people. SANBI Biodiversity Series publishes occasional reports on projects, technologies, workshops, symposia and other activities initiated by, or executed in partnership with SANBI. Technical editing: Alicia Grobler Design & layout: Sandra Turck Cover design: Sandra Turck How to cite this publication: GESS, S.K. & GESS, F.W. 2014. Wasps and bees in southern Africa. SANBI Biodi- versity Series 24. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. ISBN: 978-1-919976-73-0 Manuscript submitted 2011 Copyright © 2014 by South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without written per- mission of the copyright owners. The views and opinions expressed do not necessarily reflect those of SANBI. -
The Naturalized Vascular Plants of Western Australia 1
12 Plant Protection Quarterly Vol.19(1) 2004 Distribution in IBRA Regions Western Australia is divided into 26 The naturalized vascular plants of Western Australia natural regions (Figure 1) that are used for 1: Checklist, environmental weeds and distribution in bioregional planning. Weeds are unevenly distributed in these regions, generally IBRA regions those with the greatest amount of land disturbance and population have the high- Greg Keighery and Vanda Longman, Department of Conservation and Land est number of weeds (Table 4). For exam- Management, WA Wildlife Research Centre, PO Box 51, Wanneroo, Western ple in the tropical Kimberley, VB, which Australia 6946, Australia. contains the Ord irrigation area, the major cropping area, has the greatest number of weeds. However, the ‘weediest regions’ are the Swan Coastal Plain (801) and the Abstract naturalized, but are no longer considered adjacent Jarrah Forest (705) which contain There are 1233 naturalized vascular plant naturalized and those taxa recorded as the capital Perth, several other large towns taxa recorded for Western Australia, com- garden escapes. and most of the intensive horticulture of posed of 12 Ferns, 15 Gymnosperms, 345 A second paper will rank the impor- the State. Monocotyledons and 861 Dicotyledons. tance of environmental weeds in each Most of the desert has low numbers of Of these, 677 taxa (55%) are environmen- IBRA region. weeds, ranging from five recorded for the tal weeds, recorded from natural bush- Gibson Desert to 135 for the Carnarvon land areas. Another 94 taxa are listed as Results (containing the horticultural centre of semi-naturalized garden escapes. Most Total naturalized flora Carnarvon). -
False Flowers in Asteraceae
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Don’t be fooled: false flowers in Asteraceae Teng Zhang and Paula Elomaa The sunflower or daisy family, Asteraceae, comprises of meristems represent so-called flower unit meristems approximately 10% of all angiosperm species. Their (FUM) (Box 1) [4 ]. inflorescences form dense flower-like structures, pseudanthia or false flowers that may combine hundreds of individual In this review, we aim to highlight the most recent work flowers into a single structure. Recent data suggest that to understand the organization, patterning and develop- pseudanthia are analogs of single flowers not only ment of this unique structure and its role for adaptation. morphologically but also at developmental and genetic level, Because of still very limited number of molecular studies, and cannot merely be considered as condensed we also refer to selected older research addressing inflorescences. The large meristem size provides an advantage the major biological questions. Many of the floral traits to study basic principles of patterning as well as inflorescence in Asteraceae are of practical relevance for breeding of diversity in this evolutionary successful family. This knowledge commercially important crops within the family, includ- has also practical importance in the commercially important ing edible leaf, stem and seed oil crops (lettuce, artichoke, crops of the family. endive, sunflower, safflower), herbs and medicinal plants (Artemisia, Calendula, Echinaceae), as well as ornamental Address cut flowers (gerbera, chrysanthemum) [5]. Department of Agricultural Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland Origin and diversity of capitula in Asteraceae Corresponding author: Elomaa, Paula (paula.elomaa@helsinki.fi) Within flowering plants, Asteraceae belongs to the well- supported MGCA clade consisting of families of Menyanthaceae, Goodeniaceae, Calyceraceae, and Astera- Current Opinion in Plant Biology 2021, 59:101972 ceae (Figure 1). -
Complete List of Literature Cited* Compiled by Franz Stadler
AppendixE Complete list of literature cited* Compiled by Franz Stadler Aa, A.J. van der 1859. Francq Van Berkhey (Johanes Le). Pp. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States 194–201 in: Biographisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden, vol. 6. of America 100: 4649–4654. Van Brederode, Haarlem. Adams, K.L. & Wendel, J.F. 2005. Polyploidy and genome Abdel Aal, M., Bohlmann, F., Sarg, T., El-Domiaty, M. & evolution in plants. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 8: 135– Nordenstam, B. 1988. Oplopane derivatives from Acrisione 141. denticulata. Phytochemistry 27: 2599–2602. Adanson, M. 1757. Histoire naturelle du Sénégal. Bauche, Paris. Abegaz, B.M., Keige, A.W., Diaz, J.D. & Herz, W. 1994. Adanson, M. 1763. Familles des Plantes. Vincent, Paris. Sesquiterpene lactones and other constituents of Vernonia spe- Adeboye, O.D., Ajayi, S.A., Baidu-Forson, J.J. & Opabode, cies from Ethiopia. Phytochemistry 37: 191–196. J.T. 2005. Seed constraint to cultivation and productivity of Abosi, A.O. & Raseroka, B.H. 2003. In vivo antimalarial ac- African indigenous leaf vegetables. African Journal of Bio tech- tivity of Vernonia amygdalina. British Journal of Biomedical Science nology 4: 1480–1484. 60: 89–91. Adylov, T.A. & Zuckerwanik, T.I. (eds.). 1993. Opredelitel Abrahamson, W.G., Blair, C.P., Eubanks, M.D. & More- rasteniy Srednei Azii, vol. 10. Conspectus fl orae Asiae Mediae, vol. head, S.A. 2003. Sequential radiation of unrelated organ- 10. Isdatelstvo Fan Respubliki Uzbekistan, Tashkent. isms: the gall fl y Eurosta solidaginis and the tumbling fl ower Afolayan, A.J. 2003. Extracts from the shoots of Arctotis arcto- beetle Mordellistena convicta. -
Patterns and Controls of Coq Fluxes in Wet Tundra Types of the Taimyr Peninsula, Siberia - the Contribution of Soils and Mosses
Patterns and Controls of COq Fluxes in Wet Tundra Types of the Taimyr Peninsula, Siberia - the Contribution of Soils and Mosses Muster und Steuerung von COo-Flüssein nassen Tundraformen der Taimyr Halbinsel, Sibirien - der Beitrag von Böde und Moosen Martin Sommerkorn Ber. Polarforsch. 298 (1998) ISSN 0176 - 5027 Martin Sommerkom Institut füPolarökologi Wischhofstr. 1-3, Geh. 12 D-24148 Kiel Deutschland Die vorliegende Arbeit ist die inhaltlich unverändertFassung einer Dissertation, die 1998 der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultä der Christian-Albrecht-Universitä zu Kiel vorgelegt wurde. Contents LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 1 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS I. I ZUSAMMENFASSUNGUND SCHLU~FOLGERUNGEN 2 INTRODUCTION 2.1 CO, FLUXES,WHAT CAN THEY TELL? 2.2 TUNDRAECOSYSTEMS: A CRITICAL FELD FOR CO2 FLUX~NVESTIGATIONS 2.3 OBJECTTVEOF THE STUDY 2.4 APPROACH 3 TAIMYR PENINSULA AND THE STUDY AREAS 3.1 TAIMYRPENINSULA, AN OVERVIEW 3.1.1 The Area of Lake Labaz 3.1.2 The Area of Lake Levinson-Lessing 4 METHODS 4.1 Co2EXCHANGE 4.1.1Instrumentation Design 4.1.2 The Set-up in the Field 4.1.2.1 Soil Respiration Measurements 4.1.2.2 Soil-Moss System Measurements 4. 1.2.3 Whole System Measurements 4.1.3 The Set-up in the Laboratoiy: Water Table Experiments 4.1.4 Data Handling 4.1.5 Modelling 4.1.6 Statistics 4.2 MESO-AND MICROCLIMATOLOGICALMEASUREMENTS 4.3 VEGETATIONANALYSIS AND SAMPLINGFOR VASCULARPLANT BIOMASS 5 RESULTS 5 RESULTS 5.1.1Lake Labaz 5.1.1.1 Mesoclimate of the Field-Season 5.1.1.2 Characteristics of the Experimental Sites 5.1.1.2.1 Tussock Tundra 5.1.1.2.1.1 Vegetation and Vascular Plant Biomass 5.1.1.2.1.2 Soils 5.1.1.2.1.3 Soil Microdimate 5.1.1.2.1.4 Bacterial Biomass 5.1.1.2.2 Wet Sedge Tundra 5.1.1.2.2.1 Vegetation and Vascular Plant Biomass 5.1.1.2.2.2 Soils 5.1.1.2.2.3 Soil Microciimate 5.1.1.2.2.4 Bacterial Biomass 5.1.2 Lake Levinson-Lessing 5.1.2.1 Mesoclimate of the Field Season 5.1.2.2 Characteristics of the Experimental Sites 5. -
The Critical Role of Plant Systematics Daniel J
pISSN 1225-8318 Korean J. Pl. Taxon. eISSN 2466-1546 46(2): 129−148 (2016) Korean Journal of http://dx.doi.org/10.11110/kjpt.2016.46.2.129 Plant Taxonomy Cryptic variation, molecular data, and the challenge of conserving plant diversity in oceanic archipelagos: the critical role of plant systematics Daniel J. Crawford* and Tod F. Stuessy1 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and the Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 60045, USA 1Herbarium, Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, 1315 Kinnear Road, Columbus, OH 43212, USA, and Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna, Austria (Received 6 May 2016; Accepted 24 May 2016) ABSTRACT: Plant species on oceanic islands comprise nearly 25% of described vascular plants on only 5% of the Earth’s land surface yet are among the most rare and endangered plants. Conservation of plant biodiversity on islands poses particular challenges because many species occur in a few and/or small populations, and their habitats on islands are often disturbed by the activity of humans or by natural processes such as landslides and volcanoes. In addition to described species, evidence is accumulating that there are likely significant numbers of “cryptic” species in oceanic archipelagos. Plant systematists, in collaboration with others in the botanical dis- ciplines, are critical to the discovery of the subtle diversity in oceanic island floras. Molecular data will play an ever increasing role in revealing variation in island lineages. However, the input from plant systematists and other organismal biologists will continue to be important in calling attention to morphological and ecological variation in natural populations and in the discovery of “new” populations that can inform sampling for molec- ular analyses. -
Mauro Vicentini Correia
UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO INSTITUTO DE QUÍMICA Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química MAURO VICENTINI CORREIA Redes Neurais e Algoritmos Genéticos no estudo Quimiossistemático da Família Asteraceae. São Paulo Data do Depósito na SPG: 01/02/2010 MAURO VICENTINI CORREIA Redes Neurais e Algoritmos Genéticos no estudo Quimiossistemático da Família Asteraceae. Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Química da Universidade de São Paulo para obtenção do Título de Mestre em Química (Química Orgânica) Orientador: Prof. Dr. Vicente de Paulo Emerenciano. São Paulo 2010 Mauro Vicentini Correia Redes Neurais e Algoritmos Genéticos no estudo Quimiossistemático da Família Asteraceae. Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Química da Universidade de São Paulo para obtenção do Título de Mestre em Química (Química Orgânica) Aprovado em: ____________ Banca Examinadora Prof. Dr. _______________________________________________________ Instituição: _______________________________________________________ Assinatura: _______________________________________________________ Prof. Dr. _______________________________________________________ Instituição: _______________________________________________________ Assinatura: _______________________________________________________ Prof. Dr. _______________________________________________________ Instituição: _______________________________________________________ Assinatura: _______________________________________________________ DEDICATÓRIA À minha mãe, Silmara Vicentini pelo suporte e apoio em todos os momentos da minha