The National Capital Canberra

EXPLORING CIVICS AND CITIZENSHIP Through a visit to the national capital canberra

upper primary Student Resource Book

A classroom resource to support the Parliament and Civics Education Rebate (Pacer) program Exploring Civics and Citizenship Through a Visit to the National Capital, Canberra Upper Primary Student Resource Book A classroom resource to support the PACER program

ISBN: 978-0-642-77926-7 (PDF) ISBN: 978-0-642-77927-4 (RTF) First published 2008 Second edition 2010 © 2010 This work is copyright. Permission is given by the Commonwealth for this booklet and CD-ROM to be copied without payment by educational institutions within Australia solely for educational purposes. Any other use will require written permission of the Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations (DEEWR) and may require the written permission of other copyright owners. Copies should include this copyright statement or an appropriate acknowledgement. All other rights are reserved. Apart from any use permitted above or under the Copyright Act 1968, no part of this booklet or CD-ROM may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including electronic, digital, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of DEEWR. To the best of DEEWR’s knowledge, copyright permission has been obtained for any non-Commonwealth material used in this booklet and for the use of such material for educational purposes. If you believe there has been an error or omission in any of the material, please contact DEEWR. For inquiries about reproduction or other uses of this publication, please contact the Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations at www.deewr.gov.au/. Information is current at date of publication. Published by the Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations. Written and designed for publication by Ryebuck Media Pty Ltd. 31 Station St Malvern Vic 3144 www.ryebuckmedia.com.au A visit to my member of parliament Auspic Auspic

3 Resource page 1 A visit to my member of parliament

You will soon be on an excursion to the National Capital, Canberra. Canberra is where the Commonwealth Parliament meets to make laws — and you have people there who represent you. There is one person who has been elected to the House of Representatives from your area (called an ‘electorate’). There are 12 people there who have been elected to the Senate from your state, or two if you live in the Northern Territory or the Australian Capital Territory. You might see some of these people in the House of Representatives or the Senate and you might even meet one of them. Schools often get to meet their local member of the House of Representatives, so it’s a good idea to know something about him or her beforehand. Let’s find out a bit about your local member of the House of Representatives. Let’s also list some things for you to find out about him or her on your trip. The first thing we will find out about is where the members of the Commonwealth Parliament meet.

4 Resource page 2 A visit to my member of parliament

What are the two Houses of Commonwealth Parliament? Here is a photograph of the two Houses of the Commonwealth Parliament. Use the photographs to answer these questions. Auspic Auspic This is the: This is the:

______

1 The House of Representatives has 150 members and the Senate has fewer than that. Label the photographs correctly as House of Representatives and Senate. 2 If each state has 12 representatives, and the two territories have 2 each, how many members of the Senate are there? 3 What is the main colour used in the House of Representatives? (You will find out more about this during your visit there.) 4 What is the main colour used in the Senate? (You will find out more about this during your visit there.) 5 Describe the way the seats are arranged in the two Houses. Why do you think they are arranged like this?

5 Resource page 3 A visit to my member of parliament

Parliament House and the Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House The photographs on the previous page show the two houses of the parliament in the Commonwealth Parliament building. This building opened in 1988. The photographs below show the two houses of the parliament in Old Parliament House. This building was used between 1927 and 1988. Compare the photographs of the old and new parliaments to answer the questions below. Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House at Old Parliament Australian Democracy Museum of Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House at Old Parliament Australian Democracy Museum of This is the: This is the:

______

1 Which is the House of Representatives, and which is the Senate? Label the photographs. 2 List some things that are similar, and some things that are different, between the old and the current parliament houses. One example of a similarity and one example of a difference have been done to help you.

The old and the current parliament The old and the current parliament houses have these similarities houses have these differences

They both have the same shape The new one looks bigger than the old one

6 Resource page 4 A visit to my member of parliament

How does the parliament work? On your excursion to Canberra you will visit Parliament House and the Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House. In the Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House you will be able to sit in either the House of Representatives chamber or the Senate chamber. In Parliament House you will be able to see the House of Representatives chamber and the Senate chamber and sit in the area for visitors. Here are some questions to think about. Write down what you think the answer is now. After your visit you will be able to check and see if you would change this answer.

Question My answer My answer after my visit today to Parliament House

1 Why do the members of parliament come together in those chambers?

2 Do you think they sit anywhere, or is there a rule about where people sit?

3 Why are the seats in the front a bit different from those behind them?

4 Who sits at the table?

5 Is there somebody in charge in the Chamber? Explain your answer.

6 Do you think there will be rules about when people can speak? Why or why not?

7 If there are rules, who would make sure they are followed, and how?

8 How do you think people vote at the end of a debate?

9 Do you think the representatives spend all their time in this room? Why or why not?

7 Resource page 5 A visit to my member of parliament

Who is my member of the Commonwealth Parliament? On your excursion to Canberra you might meet your member of the House of Representatives. Here are some questions about that person.

Before your visit you will need to do some research to answer some of the questions. For some questions you will be able to find the answers during your visit.

Before your visit find out this information:

The name of my Commonwealth House of Representatives member is:

He/she is a member of: Australian Labor Party Liberal Party National Party Independent Other

He/she is a part of the: Government Opposition Other

He/she is: Minister Backbencher Shadow minister Speaker

The Commonwealth electorate in which my school is located is:

It was named after:

My Commonwealth member was first elected to parliament in:

The main job that my Commonwealth member did before being elected to the parliament was:

The office of my Commonwealth member where I can visit him/her if needed is:

8 Resource page 6 A visit to my member of parliament

Here is a photo I have found of my Commonwealth member of parliament: I think some qualities that a local member should have are:

During my visit:

The place where my Commonwealth member sits in the House of Representatives is: Parliamentary Education Office

Some main jobs that my local Commonwealth member of parliament does as part of being a MP are:

My MP is my representative. How does he/she represent me in parliament?

9 When did it happen? quiz

State Library of South Australia B57605

10 Resource page 1 When did it happen? quiz

The Australia that we value today did not just happen. Lots of people contributed. Who are some of these people and what did they create that we enjoy today? And when did these events happen? Look at the collection of important people and events in Australian history on Resource Pages 2A and 2B. Your task is to cut them out and paste them in their correct place on Resource Page 3A and 3B. There are clues to help you. You will also find out more about some of these people and events during your excursion to the National Capital. For example, you might see a portrait of a person mentioned or see a copy of a special document on display. You might also see many of these events in their historical context if you watch the introductory film at the Electoral Education Centre. The people and events that you might see are marked with an asterisk (*) and with the place where they can be seen in brackets. Look out for them during your visit!

11 Resource page 2A When did it happen? quiz

Men get the vote — called ‘adult male suffrage’; this first happened in South Australia, over 150 years ago, and nearly 50 years before the first women gained the vote, also in South Australia. (*Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House)

Most women get the vote — this happened when the new Commonwealth Parliament passed an Act during its second year of existence. (*Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House)

Greeks invent democracy — and Australia inherits the idea of it, though without the slavery that made it possible in Greece. (*Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House)

Australia becomes formally independent of British Parliament’s decisions. (*Parliament House)

Australians choose not to become a republic — supporters of a republic thought it would be good to become a republic for the Centenary of Federation. However, the majority of the people did not want the version of a republic that was voted on. (*Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House)

Sir Isaac Isaacs begins duties as the first Australian-born Governor General — after 30 years of Federation. (*Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House, Parliament House)

Parliament moves from Melbourne to Canberra (*Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House)

Parliament moves from the temporary building in Canberra to the current Parliament House. (*Parliament House)

Preferential voting is used for the first time in a federal election — in a by-election at the end of the First World War. This is now the voting system used for all federal elections. (*National Electoral Education Centre)

12 Resource page 2B When did it happen? quiz

Aboriginal people get the vote — Later than for other Australian men and women; five years before a referendum that gave the Commonwealth Parliament power to make laws for Aboriginal people. (*National Electoral Education Centre)

Magna Carta — This was passed over 1000 years ago, but gave us a basic right to a parliament. There were several different versions of the Magna Carta, passed at different times. Australia has a copy. (*Parliament House)

Charter of Liberties — This is even older than Magna Carta, and was the first document to give some rights to ordinary people. It is British but we inherited it when the British came to Australia.

Referendum to change the Constitution — to give the Commonwealth Parliament power to make laws about Aboriginal people. This was done 66 years after the Federation. (*Parliament House)

South Australian women get the vote — this happened just six years before Federation. (*National Electoral Education Centre)

Federation and the creation of the new Commonwealth of Australia — on the first day of the first month of the first year of the twentieth century. (*Parliament House)

Victoria is the first place in the world to introduce the secret ballot — this makes sure that people cannot see your vote. It happened in the same year of the first adult male franchise. (*National Electoral Education Centre)

The Australian War Memorial is opened — to honour and commemorate the sacrifice of Australian citizens for their country in the First World War. It is opened during the Second World War. (*Australian War Memorial)

Compulsory voting is used in federal elections — fourteen years after it became compulsory to enrol for federal elections in 1911. (*National Electoral Education Centre)

13 Resource page 3A When did it happen? quiz

Development of Democracy Timeline

5th century BC

1100

1215

1856 (1)

1856 (2)

1895

1901

1902

1918

14 Resource page 3B When did it happen? quiz

1925

1927

1931

1941

1962

1967

1986

1988

1999

15 We are standing on their shoulders

16 Resource page 1 we are standing on their shoulders

‘We are standing on their shoulders.’ Have you ever heard anyone use that expression? People use it when they are paying tribute to people who have done things in the past which have made it easier to do things today. It’s an expression that we can use about people who have helped create Australia’s democracy. These people in the past who worked hard to achieve good things have made it easier for us to enjoy and build on their achievements. Let’s see if you can work out who some of these people are. Fill in the names of the people on the next page. You may know some of the names. If you do not you can work through the word puzzle page and find some. Then work out which ones fit. They are tricky — they may be across or down, forwards or backwards! The names marked with an asterisk * are people you may come across during your excursion to the National Capital, Canberra. You might see a photograph, painting or even a statue or ‘bust’ (head and shoulders statue) of that person. You could photograph these and add them to your record of your excursion — if your teachers and guides say you have time to do this. At the end you can check to see that you identified all the names correctly.

17 Resource page 2 we are standing on their shoulders

Do you know who I am? And how I helped create the world you live in today in Australia? * These are people you may find references to during your excursion to Canberra.

Achievement My name is

I am best known as the first prime minister. I helped make Federation happen in 1901 and E _ _ _ _ _ later I became a judge of the High Court. I helped B _ _ _ _ _ shape the early Commonwealth period. *

I was the first woman to D ______be elected to the Senate. T ______

You know me and my donkey from Gallipoli. I believed that I could help J _ _ _ my fellow soldiers not by fighting, but S ______by saving the wounded. You probably know me by my middle name, but K ______here I am using my full name. *

I led the ‘Freedom Ride’ of 1965 to help Aboriginal people fight racial discrimination in country towns. C ______I later became a public servant and worked all P ______my life to improve the rights of Aboriginal people.

I became the first Australian born Governor-General of Australia. This started the custom that the Australian I _ _ _ _ Prime Minister chose who should be appointed by the I _ _ _ _ _ Monarch as Governor-General. Previously, the British Government chose that person.

I was the first woman ever to be elected to a E _ _ _ _ parliament in Australia — in Western Australia. C _ _ _ _

18 Resource page 3 we are standing on their shoulders

I was the first Aboriginal person to N ______be elected to the Commonwealth Parliament.* B _ _ _ _ _

I was the first woman to C _ _ _ _ _ become premier of a state. L ______

I was the leader of a political party, but my main H ______achievement was to be the first President of the United Nations, showing that Australia was a global V _ _ _ citizen in world affairs. E _ _ _ _

I probably saved more lives than almost H _ _ _ _ _ any other person in history, as I was a key scientist in the discovery of penicillin — F _ _ _ _ _ for which I shared a Nobel Prize.

L ______We were a father and son team of scientists B _ _ _ _ who were the first Australians to win a and Nobel Prize for our scientific research. W ______B _ _ _ _

I helped write the Australian Constitution. Then I became the first Chief Justice of the S _ _ _ _ _ High Court. This meant that I helped shape the G ______laws of Australia.*

I was a filmmaker who brought Australian stories C ______to the screen. This helped Australians appreciate their land and history. C ______

19 Resource page 4 we are standing on their shoulders

I started ‘green bans’ to save important old buildings and heritage areas from being J _ _ _ destroyed. I was often criticised at the time, but people now agree that the ‘green bans’ I started M _ _ _ _ _ saved important old buildings and heritage areas.

I was a famous but tragic engineer who brought C ______a fresh water supply to the Western Australian Y goldfields, helping Australia’s economy as well as the quality of life of the miners. O’ ______

I was a politician in the first Commonwealth H _ _ _ _ Parliament. Later, as a judge, I was responsible B ______for creating the idea of a fair wage for families. H ______

I dedicated my life to helping Aboriginal people who D _ _ _ _ were the victims of harsh development. Some people criticised me, but I believed I was serving humanity. B _ _ _ _

I was a writer who helped create Australians’ awareness of the bush. I also helped make H _ _ _ _ Australians more proud and aware of L _ _ _ _ _ themselves as Australians.

I was a doctor who realised that to help people in J _ _ _ outback and remote Australia we needed to travel by plane — to be a ‘Flying Doctor’. F _ _ _ _

I was a nurse who developed a special method E ______for helping children crippled by polio. K _ _ _ _

I was a writer of children’s books who brought M _ _ _ joy and a sense of the Australian bush to G _ _ _ _ children, as a well a sense of national pride. B _ _ _ _

20 Resource page 5 we are standing on their shoulders

I was a believer in the rights of all people, V _ _ _ especially women. I was the first woman to stand G ______for election for the Commonwealth Parliament.

I was a volunteer to fight for Australia during the First World War. I fought at Gallipoli and was awarded a A _ _ _ _ _ Victoria Cross there — the highest award for bravery. J _ _ _ _ I later tried to help people as mayor of my local area. *

I was an Aboriginal man who believed in the W ______equality of all people and fought to remove discrimination against Aboriginal Australians. C _ _ _ _ _

I was a campaigner for people’s human rights, internationally and in Australia, for over 50 years. J _ _ _ _ _ I was mistrusted by my government that kept secret files on me, but I always believed in peaceful S _ _ _ _ _ protest to overcome wrongs.

I was a scientist who helped develop J _ _ _ myxomatosis to combat the rabbit plagues that were destroying so much of the M ______Australian environment in the 1950s.

I was a confectionary manufacturer M ______(the ‘father’ of Freddo Frog!), who contributed very generously to charitable R ______causes, helping the community.

I was the first woman elected to the House of Representatives. That was a great step E _ _ _ forward for women’s place in political decision making. I was also the wife of a L _ _ _ _ prime minister before I became a politician.

I was a doctor who was able to help my men E _ _ _ _ _ who were prisoners of the Japanese in the Second World War. Though we suffered terribly, ‘W _ _ _ _ ’ we were able to behave in an honourable way. D _ _ _ _ _

21 Resource page 6 we are standing on their shoulders

The names of the people are hidden here. They may be written across or down, forwards or backwards. See if you can find them all. It’s a challenge!

A W C S E T A B Y S I A D K E H C T P L V D U T K S W J N F T B M F O S K E C C V A P O A W Y T T M L B Z N M N W B V C X C L I U A R S L D E F R A A E K K Y S G I O F W P A I R R G M R N D L C E V C V H R L N J L E H E R J Z T B S E I U H K R Y E P U N E F I S L D T D L T A A T B N E D O O H S E H A I P N K N I I I M W R B P N Q L K Y C G U C R E H E O H R O A T F U Q E E K A G A S R Y J N A E R C T O O E Y M H F N L B T R R Y W B A E E O A V S S S C J P L B C I D D L H I G E R M E R S S S T O E D M K S D R O R B S A K K Y N E P W O S W I R N L L A L E I A W G A F C E N R G N A D L I A C E R R O I Q L N G A L R S Z N O A N C R R F E L A B O A G L B R E G N E T T A N S M A E A A D S Y A R B H A L L A T A N U O I F Y P O T B M W R T R S E E C D I V H B C B M N D J K M X Y R A D A R N I H R L I W V C E E O A D L G F I W H A N E W E E M L T E V Y A R P K A S Q T O S S G T G C Q O E H M K S G J S W J N D R H W Y P D N K O G A W H T L N J O S F U W A M K J Q E U A T H L R I M E I D M B H N V E O W N C H A R L E S Y O C O N N O R F N V G A W K D H Y A P J L R I N F J R D B A S O G O C G P R E N N O B E L L I V E N H Z C N E R P H Q X F O K P J A C K M U N D E Y G J X V M J T A J W Z D I H E N R Y B O U R N E S H I G G I N S S K E L S U

22 my excursion to canberra the national capital

23 introduction

During your excursion you can take this booklet to record the main things you see, what they mean and what you learn from them. The booklet has space to record your impressions from: • the Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House Note that you can’t take this booklet or pens into the Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House because it is a heritage building. Record your impressions after the visit. • the Australian War Memorial • Parliament House • the National Electoral Education Centre and • other places. We have included some special things you will see on the pages and have left room for you to add your own photographs or sketches on other pages if you want to. The things that you see will be interesting, but they also have special meanings. They will tell you something about these three main ideas, represented by the symbols:

Canberra is the home of the Canberra can help me Canberra can help me learn Commonwealth Parliament, understand that being a good about the history of my nation where our representatives citizen involves doing the and how it has changed make laws for the nation. right thing, and helping others over time. for the common good.

Here are some symbols that you can photocopy and then cut out and paste beside the special places you come across in the National Capital.

The last page of the souvenir booklet will remind you about some of the things that you might need to do back in class after your excursion. Enjoy your visit!

24 Name Class

Electorate

Dates

25 Museum of Australian Democracy at old parliament house

Some special things at the Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House that you may see during your visit are:

This is . . . Things I learnt from it are . . . It tells me about . . . (use one or more symbols) Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House at Old Parliament Australian Democracy Museum of

It tells me about . . . (use one or more symbols) Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House at Old Parliament Australian Democracy Museum of

26 Museum of Australian Democracy at old parliament house

Some other special things that you saw at the Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House are:

This is . . . Things I learnt from it are . . . (Place your own sketch or It tells me about . . . photograph of things you (use one or more symbols) discovered at the Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House.)