Grant Agreement Number: INEA/CEF/TRAN/M2018/1797967

Project acronym: SLAIN

Project full title: Saving Lives Assessing and Improving TEN-T Road Network Safety

MS6.1

Due delivery date: 31.12.2019 Actual delivery date: 28.01.2020

Organization name of lead participant for this deliverable: Road Safety Institute ‘Panos Mylonas’

Co-financed by the Connecting Europe Facility of the European Union

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Document Control Sheet

Date Authors Summary of changes Version 0.1 15/01/2020 Stelios Efstathiadis Draft for peer review

0.2 28/01/2020 Steve Lawson 1.0 28/01/2020 Lina Konstantinopoulou Final for Submission

Legal Disclaimer

The information in this document is provided “as is”, and no guarantee or warranty is given that the information is fit for any particular purpose. The above referenced consortium members shall have no liability for damages of any kind including without limitation direct, special, indirect, or consequential damages that may result from the use of these materials subject to any liability which is mandatory due to applicable law. © 2019 by SLAIN Consortium.

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Abbreviations and Acronyms

Acronym Abbreviation RAP Road Assessment Programme iRAP International Road Assessment Programme EuroRAP European Road Assessment Programme CS Case Study

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Table of Contents

Executive Summary...... 5 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 6 2. CASE STUDY IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE ...... 6 Group A: Risk Mapping to guide selective Star Rating ...... 6 Group B: Before and after studies of network upgrading ...... 6 Group C: Identifying road sections to install 2+1 barrier ...... 6 Case study D: Maintenance-only remedies ...... 6 Group E: Network-wide road assessment and Star Rating from design plans ...... 7 3. CASE STUDIES ...... 7 Group A: Risk Mapping to guide selective Star Rating ...... 7 Group B: Before and after studies of network upgrading ...... 9 Group C: Identifying road sections to install 2+1 barrier ...... 10 Group D: Maintenance-only remedies ...... 10 Group E: Network-wide road assessment and Star Rating from design plans ...... 11 4. CONCLUSIONS ...... 12

List of Tables

Table 1. Case Studies Group A ...... 7 Table 2. Case Studies Group B ...... 9 Table 3. Case Studies Group C ...... 10 Table 4. Case Studies Group D ...... 10 Table 5. Case Studies Group E ...... 11

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Executive Summary

Activity 6 refers to Case studies using the application of network-wide road assessment. This will support the ammended Directive 2008/96/EC, in particular Article 5 (new methods of safety ranking), and Article 6 (proactive safety inspections).

Case studies are so often the most effective way of communicating often complex theoretical and complex arguments or processes. Network-wide road assessment is no exception. This work will build on the style and form of the case studies and will be ellaborated in five groups, more specifically: A: Risk Mapping to guide selective Star Rating B: Before and after studies of network upgrading C: Identifying road sections to install 2+1 barrier D: Maintenance-only remedies E: Network-wide road assessment and Star Rating from design plans

The identification of the Case Studies to be explored within the framework of Activity 6, is the first step. The wide range of Case Studies, across Europe and elsewhere, demonstrates the effectivenes of the tools applied for the assessment of road safety.

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1. INTRODUCTION

Case studies are the most effective way of communicating often complex theoretical and complex arguments or processes. Network-wide road assessment is no exception. There is already good collection of network safety assessment case studies carried out by IRAP: and this Action will provide European equivalents of these and develop new ones including those listed below:

Group A: Risk Mapping to guide selective Star Rating Group B: Before and after studies of network upgrading Group C: Identifying road sections to install 2+1 barrier Group D: Maintenance-only remedies Group E: Network-wide road assessment and Star Rating from design plans

2. CASE STUDY IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE Group A: Risk Mapping to guide selective Star Rating Risk Mapping a country’s entire top-tier network is relatively inexpensive. Using this information and selecting road sections on the basis of either high individual or collective risk, it is possible to identify outliers, where a combination of factors may contribute. These road sections can then be studied in further detail by assessing the part that road infrastructure plays in this risk. This is a relatively quick exercise and reduces the need for a full-scale survey of the entire road network. It is a technique that has been used successfully in the English regions and elsewhere.

Group B: Before and after studies of network upgrading These case studies will build on examples where implementation of countermeasures has been implemented or planned. This involves several steps: (i) Identify sections of network that have been both assessed in previous Star Rating and have been upgraded; (ii) Carry out “after” Star Rating for sections that have been upgraded; (iii) Compare “before” and “after” Star Ratings; (iv) Check against crash data where satisfactory data exist; (v) Learn from measures being used, which are effective and which raise the Star Rating.

Group C: Identifying road sections to install 2+1 barrier This case study has the potential to make “Vision Zero” principles a reality at a site-specific level within individual countries, with road infrastructure design using the specific application of 2+1 barrier and using RAP methodology to identify suitable locations. Star Rating data may be used to identify single carriageway routes that may be upgraded using 2+1 barriers. Assessment of pros and cons and institutional resistance will be examined. The work will look for suitable road sections based upon such factors as length, carriageway width, current Risk and Star Rating.

Case study D: Maintenance-only remedies Not all road safety remedial actions need to involve huge infrastructure spend. It is possible to upgrade the safety of a road by simple measures such as shoulder sealing, re-surfacing, improving or providing better lining.

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Group E: Network-wide road assessment and Star Rating from design plans New software allows road sections to be Star Rated from design plans (for example, of standard cross- sections) and for an iterative approach to bring designs to a higher standard before construction.

3. CASE STUDIES The following Case Studies have been identified by the Consortium Partners and will be further investigated at the following Tasks of Activity 6.

Group A: Risk Mapping to guide selective Star Rating Table 1. Case Studies Group A

id Location area Road name Case Study Case study length A1 England A40 Stokenchurch to West Buckinghamshire 7km Wycombe County Council A2 England A628 from A629 to A616 Barnsley 7km Metropolitan Borough Council A3 England A6033 Calderdale 6km Metropolitan District Council Greece E 952 Lamia-Karpenisi LAMIA - 8 km A4 LEIANOKLADI Greece E 952 Karpenisi-Agrinio Karpenisi - 55 km A5 Episkopi Greece NR-33 Patra-Tripoli OVRYA - 25 km A6 ERIMANTHIA A7 Greece NR-44 Chalkis-Karystos MARMARI - STYRA 19 km Greece NR-97 Herakleion – Ag. 38 km A8 Deka Bulgaria E-772 Zlatna Panega – 143 km A9 Veliko Tarnovo N-630, Badajoz/Huelva A10 Huelva (CGT Suroeste) border – Sevilla/Huelva A.1 12,9 km border N-432, Badajoz border - A11 Badajoz (CGT Suroeste) A.2 10,7 km Córdoba N-435, Badajoz/Huelva A12 Huelva (CGT Suroeste) border – San Juan del A.3 41.1 km Puerto N-435, Badajoz/Huelva A13 Huelva (CGT Suroeste) A.4 25,1 km border A14 Sevilla – Huelva (CGT N-433, N-630 junction – A.5 16,2 km Suroeste) Portugal border A15 N-435, N-432 junction – Badajoz (CGT Suroeste) A.6 10,2 km Badajoz/Huelva border A16 N-432, Badajoz/Córdoba Córdoba (CGT Suroeste) border – Córdoba/Jaén A.7 8,1 km border N-433, Sevilla/Huelva A17 Huelva (CGT Suroeste) A.8 12,4 km border – Portugal border A18 Sevilla (CGT Suroeste) N-630, Sevilla/Huelva A.9 24,4 km

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border – SE-30 junction A19 N-630, Cáceres/Badajoz Badajoz (CGT Suroeste) border – Badajoz/Huelva A.10 13,2 km border A20 Italy A2 Autostrada del Segment for 27 km mediterraneo thorough assessment A21 Italy A90 Grande Raccordo Segment for 40 km Anulare thorough assessment A22 Italy RA15 Tangenziale Ovest di Segment for 15 km Catania thorough assessment A23 Italy A2 dir-rc Segment for 9 km thorough assessment A24 E-85 Bucharest- Bucharest - Buzau 89 A25 Croatia A7, Hreljin - Križišče (D8) Segment for 5.05 km detailed risk assessment A26 Croatia D8, Dubrovnik (D420) - Segment for 7.75 km Čibača (D223) detailed risk assessment A27 Croatia D8, Čibača (D223) - Segment for 27.79 km Karasovići (D516) detailed risk assessment A28 Croatia D423, Sl. Brod (514) - Luka Segment for 5.42 km Sl. Brod detailed risk assessment A29 Croatia D8, Kraljevica (D102) - Senj Segment for 44.1 km (D23) detailed risk assessment A30 Croatia A7, V. Kopanica (A3) - G.P Segment for 14.1 km Šamac (gr. BiH) detailed risk assessment A31 Croatia D33, Šibenik (A1) - čvorište Segment for 8.80 km Vidici detailed risk assessment A32 Croatia D2, Osijek (Z4085) - čvorište Segment for 9.80 km Nemetin detailed risk assessment A33 Croatia A3, Okučani - N. Gradiška Segment for 15.4 km detailed risk assessment A34 Croatia A3, Novska - Okučani Segment for 24.8 km detailed risk assessment

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Group B: Before and after studies of network upgrading Table 2. Case Studies Group B

id Location area Road name Case Study Case study length B1 Greece, Evoia Chalkis North School 500 m environment B2 Greece E 952 Lamia-Karpenisi Karpenisi-Agrinio 99 km B3 Greece NR-77 Chalkis - Istiaia Psahna-Limni 48 km B4 M2 MCC M2 96km upgrading B5 Belize Belize City to Belmopan iRAP Belize 80km B6 Australia Bruce Highway Bruce Highway – 62km Cooroy to Curra B B7 Catalonia region, Spain C-58 (Pki 25-39) 2+1 14 B8 Catalonia region, Spain C-55 (Pki 15,5-27) 2+1 11,5 B9 A-4 Jaen/Cordoba border – Sevilla (CGT Suroeste) B.1 PK 529+700 Sevilla (SE-30 junction) B10 N-433 N-630 junction – PK 38+400 and PK PK Sevilla (CGT Suroeste) B.2 Portuguese border 45+400 B11 N-435 La Albuera – San Juan Huelva (CGT Suroeste) B.3 PK 129+800 del Puerto B12 A-375 Utrera – Puerto Sevilla (CGT Suroeste) B.4 45,1 km Serrano B13 PK 20+000 and PK Sevilla (CGT Suroeste) A-364 Ecija – Monte Palacio B.5 35+000 – PK 40+000 B14 A-8077 Camas – Sanlucar la Sevilla (CGT Suroeste) B.6 PK 9+000 Mayor B15 Italy SS 124 Siracusana Road upgrade 7 km B16 Italy SS 13 Pontebbana Intersections 3 km B17 Italy SS 309 Romea Intersection 0,2 km B18 Italy SS 309 Romea Pavement 28 km improvement B19 Italy SS 114 Orientale Sicula Intersection 0,2 km B20 Italy SS 3bis Tiberina Pavement 20 km improvement B21 Italy SS 106 radd Road signs 0,5 km B22 Italy SS 7 quater safety barriers 10 km B23 Romania E-87 Braila-Costantza Braila-Babadag 100 km B24 Romania E-85 Ciurgiu- 53 km Bucharest B25 Croatia D34 State Road from Road upgrade 84,7 km Josipovac to Slatina B26 Croatia D8 Jadranska magistrala Road upgrade 4,1 km from Z6286 (West) to Z6286 (East)

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Group C: Identifying road sections to install 2+1 barrier Table 3. Case Studies Group C

id Location area Road name Case Study Case study length C1 Greece E-85 Alexandroupoli- Didimoticho- 24 km Kastanies Orestiada C2 Greece E 55 Preveza-Igumenitsa Preveza-Parga 46 km C3 Bulgaria E 85 Veliko Tarnovo – 46 km Polsko Kosovo C4 Bulgaria E 83 Yablanitsa - 59 km Pleven C5 Ukraine M12, Vinnytsia Oblast WB Ukr 8.2km section 50 14.9-23.1 C6 Catalonia region, Spain C-65 2+1 (Pki 9.6-29.4) 19,8 C7 Catalonia region, Spain C-12 2+1 (Pki 0.4-19.6) 19,2 C8 2+1 (Pki 41.9- Catalonia region, Spain C-66 13,9 55.8) C9 Italy SS 51 di Alemagna 1,4 km C10 Romania E-85 Bucharest-Suceava Bucharest-Buzau 89 km C11 Romania E-85 Giurgiu - Bucharest Giurgiu - 53 km Bucharest C12 Croatia D102 State Road from Krk 2+1 proposed 45,2 km Bridge to Baška C13 Croatia A7 motorway from Selce to 2+1 proposed 7,5 km Novi Vinodolski

Group D: Maintenance-only remedies Table 4. Case Studies Group D

id Location area Road name Case Study Case study length D1 Greece NR-44 Marmari-Stira 19 km A-318, Sevilla/Córdoba D2 Córdoba (CGT Suroeste) D.1 PK 60+000 border – Luque village A-376, SE-30 junction (PK D3 Sevilla (CGT Suroeste) 6+000) – A-375 junction D.2 PK 24+000 (Utrera) A-8005, SE-20 junction (PK D4 Sevilla (CGT Suroeste) 6+000) – SE-4102 junction D.3 PK 7+300 (Los Rosales) Catalonia region, Spain Road safety for D5 BV-2115 (Pki 4-12.7) 8,7 motorcycles Italy SS 16 Adriatica Rumble strips – 25 km Central hatching D6 – Central median barrier Italy SS 309 Romea Rumble strips – 30 km D7 Central hatching Italy SS 50 del Grappa e del Passo Rumble strips – 7 km D8 Rolle Central hatching D9 Italy SS 51 di Alemagna Rumble strips – 23 km

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Central hatching – Central median barrier D10 Italy SS 51bis di Alemagna Central hatching 6 km Italy SS 55 dell’Isonzo Rumble strips – 13 km Central hatching D11 – Central median barrier D12 Italy RA 13 Sistiana-Cattinara Rumble strips 15 km D13 Croatia Barrier end terminals, A6 motorway from Bosiljevo signalization, 160,4 km to Rijeka hazard protection and removal D14 Croatia Barrier end terminals, Motorway A8 from Matulji signalization, 129,80 km to Kanfanar hazard protection and removal D15 Croatia 151,90 km Barrier end

terminals,

Motorway A9 from Pula to signalization,

Umag hazard

protection and

removal

D16 Croatia D8 Jadranska magistrala Doubling of the from Z6286 (West) to Z6286 centerline, (East) barrier end terminals, 4,1 km signalization, hazard protection and removal

Group E: Network-wide road assessment and Star Rating from design plans Table 5. Case Studies Group E

id Location area Road name Case Study Case study length E1 UK M25 Lower Thames Approx 20km Crossing E2 Generic example A-class road iRAP 5km options Demonstrator E3 Moldova M2 Sarateni to Sorocca Moldova Star 3 km rating from design plans N-IV Dos Hermanas - Jerez PK 558+000 - PK E4 Sevilla (CGT Suroeste) E.1 de la Frontera 566+000 E5 Sevilla (CGT Suroeste) N-IV intersection whit A-471 E.2 PK 579+400 E6 Sevilla (CGT Suroeste) SE-40 Bypass E.3 - E7 Sevilla (CGT Suroeste) SE-40 Bypass E.4 Interchange with A-4

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E8 Sevilla (CGT Suroeste) SE-30 Bypass E.5 Centennial Bridge E9 Italy SS 45 di Val di Trebbia Road 2,5 km improvement E10 Italy SS 554 Cagliaritana Road upgrade 9 km E11 Croatia D34 State Road (Petrijevci Road design 3,6 km bypass) layout safety assessment E12 Croatia - Zagreb Road design 12,3 km bypass from Jakuševec to layout safety Ivanja Reka assessment

4. CONCLUSIONS

More than 100 Case Studies have been identified across Europe and elsewhere. Following steps include site visits (where necessary and for analysis of before and after Star Rating and crash), data extraction (detailed recording and costing of measures), analysis of before and after data (Star Rating and Crash Data), and finally reporting and stakeholder consultation. All outcomes will be published at the project’s Webpage.

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