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Aghr Agricultural History Review. AHEW the Agrarian History of England and Wales, Ed Notes Abbreviations used in Notes AgHR Agricultural History Review. AHEW The Agrarian History of England and Wales, ed. J. Thirsk, vol. 4 (Cambridge, 1967); vol. 5, 2 parts (Cambridge, 1984-5). AHR American Historical Review. Barrington Letters A. Searle (ed.) The Barrington Letters, Camden Soc., 4th ser., 28 (1983). BIHR Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, since vol. 60 (1987) published as Historical Research. BL British Library. Blackwood, Lancashire B. G. Blackwood, The Lancashire Gentry and the Great Rebellion, 1640-1660, Chetham Soc., 3rd. ser., 25 (1978). Bod. L Bodleian Library, Oxford. Cholmley Sir Hugh Cholmley, Memoirs (1787). Clenennau Letters T. Pierce (ed.) The Clenennau Letters in the Brogyntyn Collection, National Library of Wales Journal, ser. iv, pt i (1947). Cliffe, Puritan Gentry J. T. Cliffe, The Puritan Gentry: The Great Puritan Families of Early Stuart England (1984). Cliffe, Yorkshire J. T. Cliffe, The Yorkshire Gentry from the Reformation to the Civil War (1969). CRO Cornwall Record Office. CSPD Calendar of State Papers Domestic. CUL Cambridge University Library. D'Ewes J. O. Halliwell (ed.) The Autobiography of Sir Simonds D'Ewes, 2 vols (1845). DNB Dictionary of National Biography. DRO Dorset Record Office. EcHR Economic History Review. EHR English Historical Review. Fletcher, Sussex A. Fletcher, A County Community in Peace and War. Sussex, 1600-1660 (1975). PSL Folger Shakespeare Library, Washington DC. Guise Memoirs G. Davies (ed.) The Autobiography of Thomas Raymond and the Memoirs of the Family of Guise of Elmore, Gloucestershire, Camden Soc., 3rd ser., 28 (1917). Harley Letters T. T. Lewis (ed.) Letters of the Lady Brilliana Harley, wife of Sir Robert Harley, Camden Soc., old ser., 58, (1854). HHL Henry Huntingdon Library, San Marino, California. Higford William Higford, Institutions, or Advices to his Grandson (1660) in T. Park (ed.) The Harleian Miscellany, 10 vols (1806-15) ix, pp. 580-99. HJ Historical Journal. HLMP House of Lords, Main Paper Series. HLQ Huntingdon Library Quarterly. HMC Historical Manuscripts Commission. 384 Notes 385 HolIes Gervase HolIes, Memorials of the Holies Family, ed. A. C. Wood, Camden Soc., 3rd ser., 55 (1937). Holmes, Lincolnshire C. A. Holmes, Seventeenth-Century Lincolnshire (Lincoln, 1980). Hughes, Warwickshire A. Hughes, Politics, Society and Civil War in Warwickshire, 1620-60 (Cambridge, 1987). lOW RO Isle of Wight Record Office. JBS Journal of British Studies. JEH Journal of Ecclesiastical History. Jenkins, Glamorgan P. Jenkins, The Making of a Ruling Class: the Glamorgan Gentry 1640-1790 (Cambridge, 1983). KAO Kent Archive Office. LAO Lincolnshire Archive Office. Letters of John Holies P. R. Seddan (ed.) The Letters of John Holies, 1587- 1637, 3 vols, Thornton Soc. Record Ser. 31, 35, 36 (1975-86). Lowther Family C. B. Phillips (ed.) The Lowther Family Estate Books, Surtees Soc., 191 (1979). LP Letters and Papers Foreign and Domestic of the Reign of Henry VIII, 1509- 1547, ed. J. S. Brewer et al., 21 vols (1862-1932). MacCulloch, Suffolk D. MacCulloch, Suffolk and the Tudors: Politics and Religion in an English County, 1500-1600 (Oxford, 1986). m.i. memorial inscription. NA Norfolk Archaeology. NLW National Library of Wales. NorfRO Norfolk Record Office. NRA National Register of Archives. NRO Northamptonshire Record Office. NUL Nottingham University Library. Oxinden Letters D. Gardiner (ed.) The Oxinden Letters, 2 vols (1933--7). PP Past and Present. PRO Public Record Office. PROB Public Record Office, Probate Records. PSIA Proceedings of the Suffolk Institute of Archaeology. RCHM Royal Commission on Historical Monuments. Reresby A. Browning (ed.) The Memoirs of Sir John Reresby, 2nd edn with additional material by M. K. Geiter and W. A. Speck (1991). RO Record Office. Royalist's Notebook A. Bamford (ed.) A Royalist's Notebook: the Common- place Book of Sir John Oglander (1936). SAC Sussex Archaeological Collections. SBT Shakespeare Birthplace Trust, Stratford on Avon. Slingsby Sir Henry Slingsby, The Diary and Correspondence, ed. D. Parsons (1836). SomsRO Somerset Record Office. SRO Staffordshire Record Office. STC A Short-Title Catalogue of Books printed in England, Scotland, and Ireland, and of English Books printed abroad, 1475-1640, ed. A. W. Pollard et al., 2nd edn. (1976-1990). 386 Notes Stone, Crisis L. Stone, The Crisis of the Aristocracy, 1558-1641 (Oxford, 1965). Stone, Family L. Stone, The Family, Sex and Marriage in England, 1500-1800 (Oxford, 1977). Thornton C. Jackson (ed.) The Autobiography of Mrs Alice Thornton, Surtees Soc., 62 (1873). TRHS Transactions of the Royal Historical Society. DCW University College of Wales. VCH Victoria County History. Verney Memoirs F. P. Verney and M. M. Verney (eds) Memoirs of the Verney Family during the Seventeenth Century, 2 vols (1925). Wandesford T. Comber (ed.) A Book of Instructions by Lord Deputy Wandesford (Cambridge, 1977). Wentworth J. P. Cooper (ed.) The Wentworth Papers, 1597-1628, Camden Soc.,4th ser., 12 (1973). Whitelocke R. Spalding (ed.) The Diary of Bulstrode Whitelocke, 1605-75, British Academy Records of Social and Economic History, 13 (Oxford, 1990). WRO Warwickshire Record Office. WYRO West Yorkshire Record Office. YAJ Yorkshire Archaeological Journal. YAS Yorkshire Archaeological Society, Leeds. Notes to pp. 1-9 387 Place of publication is London unless otherwise stated. Introduction 1. Hoby has attracted the attention of a number of historians. The best introduction to his life is to be found in the preface to the edition of his wife's diary, D.M. Meads (ed.) The Diary of Lady Hoby (1930); some detail in the following account is from this work. 2. G.CF. Forster, 'North Riding Justices and their Sessions, 1603-1625', Northern History, 10 (1975) pp. 102-25; CSPD Eliz. 1599, 270, p. 99. 3. PRO, STAC 5/H16/2, H22/21, H50/4. 4. HMC Salisbury, x, pp. 302-3; xi, pp. 456, 546; PRO, STAC 5/H22/21. 5. H. A veling, Northern Catholics: the Catholic Recusants in the North Riding of Yorkshire, 1585-1790 (1966) pp. 120-2; PRO, STAC 5/H22/21; G. C F. Forster, 'Faction and County Government in Early Stuart Yorkshire', Northern History, 11 (1976) pp. 74-6. 6. PRO, STAC 8/12/11, 104/15, 175/4; T.H. Brooke, 'The Memoirs of Sir Hugh Cholmley', Univ. of Oxford, B.Litt. thesis, 1937, pp. 43-6, 193; BL, Add. 4275, fos 99,236; Cliffe, Yorkshire, p. 276; WYRO, TN/C/l/ 321. 7. RH. Tawney, 'The Rise of the Gentry', 1558-1640', EcHR, old ser., 11 (1941) pp. 1-38; H. R Trevor-Roper, 'The Gentry, 1540-1640', EcHR, supplement 1 (1953). For other contributions to the now-defunct debate on the gentry see J. H. Hexter, 'The Storm Over the Gentry' in his Reappraisals in History (1961); D. C Coleman, 'The "Gentry" Controversy and the Aristocracy in Crisis', History, 51 (1966); G. E. Mingay, The Gentry: the Rise and Fall of a Ruling Class (1976). 8. Sir F. Pollock (ed.) Table Talk of John Selden (1927) pp. 50-1; F. J. Furnivall (ed.) Harrison's Description of England in Shakespeare's Youth, 4 pts, New Shakespere Soc. (1877-1908) i, p. 128; Tawney, 'The Rise of the Gentry', p. 37; the most important recent analysis of the evolving connection between gentle status and authority over land is in C Carpenter, Locality and Polity: a Study of Warwickshire Landed Society, 1401-99 (Cambridge, 1992) pp. 35-95; see also S. Payling, Political Society in Lancastrian England (Oxford, 1991) pp. 20ff; for the heralds' difficulties in establishing gentility at the margins of the group see G. D. Squibb, The High Court of Chivalry (1959) pp. 171-5. 9. But note that Wilson, writing in 1600, endeavoured to assimilate his professionals into the appropriate rank of gentility: J. Thirsk and J. P. Cooper (eds) Seventeenth Century Economic Documents (Oxford, 1972) pp. 755, 76Cr8. 10. A. Everitt, Landscape and Community in England (1985) pp. 27-8, 254-6; DRO, D53/1; for Bond's career see D. Underdown, Fire from Heaven: Life in an English Town in the Seventeenth Century (1992) pp.42-54; J. G. A. Pocock (ed.) The Political Works of James Harrington (Cambridge, 1977) p. 405; for other good examples of contemporary movements in and out of mercantile wealth see the cases from Hooker's 'Description of Exeter' in D. Palliser, The Age of Elizabeth: England under the Later 388 Notes to pp. 9-13 Tudors 1547-1603 (1983) pp. 91-2; J. S. Morrill, 'The Northern Gentry and the Great Rebellion', Northern History, 15 (1979) pp.73-4; Celia Fiennes The Illustrated Journeys, 1685-1712, ed. C. Morris (1982) p. 186; Daniel Defoe, A Tour Through the Whole Island of Great Britain, ed. P. N. Furbank, W.R. Owens and AJ. Coulson (New Haven, 1991) p. 91. 11. Thomas Adams, Works,3 vols (1861) i, p. 153; Sir Thomas Smith, De Republica Anglorum, ed. M. Dewar (Cambridge, 1982) p. 73; Morrill, 'The Northern Gentry', pp. 71-2; on the close association between land and authority in seventeenth-century Cheshire and Shropshire see M. G. D. Wanklyn, 'Landed Society and Allegiance in Cheshire and Shropshire in the First Civil War', Univ. of Manchester, PhD thesis, 1976, pp. 392ff. 12. One of the best discussions of changing perceptions of gentility is to be found in J.P. Cooper, Land, Men and Beliefs, ed. G.E. Aylmer and J.S. Morrill (1983) pp. 43-77; John Ferne, The Blazon of Gentrie, Comprehend­ ing Discourses of Armes and of Gentry (1586) pp. 12-13, 100; Edmund Chamberlayne, Angliae Notitia (1669) pp. 479-80; A R. Wagner, English Genealogy (Oxford, 1960) p. 105; Matthew Carter, Honor Redivivus (1659); Richard Gough, The History of Myddle, ed. D. Hey (1981) pp. 116, 144. 13. J. E. Hollinshead, 'The Gentry of South-West Lancashire in the Later Sixteenth Century', Northern History, 26 (1990), pp.
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