DOCSLIB.ORG

Jews and the American Revolution a Bicentennial Documentary

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Jews and the American Revolution a Bicentennial Documentary American Jewish Archives Devoted to the preservation and study of American Jewish historical records DIRECTOR: JACOB RADER MARCUS, PH.D. Milton and Hattie Kutz Distinguished Service Professor of American Jewish History ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR: STANLEY F. CHYET, PH.D. Professor of American Jewish History Published by THE AMERICAN JEWISH ARCHIVES, CINCINNATI, OHIO 45220 on the Cincinnati campus of the HEBREWUNION COLLEGE - JEWISHINSTITUTE OF RELIGION VOL. XXVII NOVEMBER, 1975 NO. 2 In This Issue Jews and the American Revolution A Bicentennial Documentary When the civil war which we call the American Revolution entered its military phase in 1775, it proved impossible for British North America's tiny Jewish community of perhaps.2,500 souls to remain aloof from the conflict. Most of them, for political or socio-economic reasons or a combination of the two, abandoned their loyalty to the British crown and attached themselves to the Revolutionary cause. When the United States won its independence in 1783, it seemed to the Jews that the world had begun again. Index to Volume XXVII 259 Illustrations Haim Isaac Carigal; Mordecai Sheftall; Moses Michael Hays; Jonas Phillips; Gershom Seixas; Jacob Rodriguez Rivera; Abigail Minis; Statue of Robert Morris, George Washington, and Haym Salomon; Manuel Josephson; The Moses Myers Mansion. following p. 144 American Jewish Archives is indexed in Index to Jewish Periodicals, The Journal of American History, and The American Historical Review. Patron for 1975 THE NEUMANN MEMORIAL PUBLICATION FUND Published by THE AMERICAN JEWISH ARCHIVES on the Cincinnati campus of the HEBREWUNION COLLEGE - JEWISH INSTITUTEOF RELIGION ALFREDGOTTSCHALK, President @ 1975 by the American Jewish Archives Jews and the American Revolution A Bicentennial Documentary Edited and with an Introduction by Jacob R. Marcus TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction: The Jew and the American Revolution .......... Georgia Jews: Liberty People and Violent Rebels-1775-1781 . Hiring a Religious Factotum.1776 .......................... Moses M . Hays Stands on His Rights-1776 ................. The Beginnings of the Political Emancipation of the American Jew-1776-1777 ......................................... Francis Salvador Rouses the Countryside Against the Indians and the Loyalists-1776 ................................. Jonas Phillips. Blockade Runner-1776 ...................... Samuel Jacobs. British Supplyman-1776-1777 ............... Benjamin Levy Throws His Home Open to Robert Morris-1776 Solomon Bush Wishes to Avenge the "Rongs" of His Injured Country-1777 .......................................... Sheftall Sheftall Describes His Career as a Revolutionary Soldier-1777-1783 ...................................... Rebecca Franks Has a Marvelous Time-1778 ............... Elias Pollock. A Continental Regular-1778-1780 ............. Haym Salomon Goes Underground-1778 ................... Isaac Seixas Arranges for the Marriage of His Son. Benjamin- 1778 ................................................... A True-Hearted Israelite Answers a Slanderer-1778 ......... Mordecai Sheftall. Captive of the British-1778 .............. Aaron Lopez Retails Some War Gossip to an Old Friend-1779 Prisoner of War Mordecai Sheftall and Frances. His Wife- 1779- 1780 .............................................. Daniel Gomez Asks that His Grandson Be Permitted to Go to British-Occupied New York-1779 ........................ Isaac Moses Asks the Continental Congress to Furnish Gunpow- der for His Privateer-1779 .............................. Aaron Nunez Cardoza Opens His Home to War Refugees-1779 Rachel Gratz Writes to Her Dear Daddy-1779 ............... Abigail Minis. Georgia Pioneer. Decides to Leave Town-1779 Mordecai Sheftall Petitions Congress to Pay Him What They Owe Him-1780 ........................................ Samuel Jacobs and His Son. Samuel. Jr., Problem Child-1780- 1785 ................................................... Michael Judah and Joseph DePass: Hard Times and a Jewish Will-1780-1784 ......................................... Two Jewish Loyalists Appeal to the British-1781-1782 ....... Yale Receives a Rabbi's Portrait-1781-1782 ................. Rebecca Franks Enjoys Her Exile in New York-1781 ........ Moses M . Hays. Masonic Leader. Comforts a Bereaved Widow-1781 ........................................... Samuel Jacobs' Daughters-1781-1786 ....................... Ezra Stiles. President of Yale. Writes Aaron Lopez' Obituary- 1782 ................................................... The Privateer Hetty Receives Her Sailing Orders-1782 ....... Philadelphia Jewry Dedicates Its First Synagogue Building-1782 Haym Salomon. Broker to the Office of Finance-1782 ....... We Have the World to Begin Againe: America is Independent- 1783 ................................................... Haym Salomon Stops to Gossip-1783 ...................... Haym Salomon Says No to an Importunate Uncle-1783 ...... Pennsylvania Jewry Politely Demands Political Rights-1783 ... Rabbi Gershom Seixas Considers Returning to Shearith Israel- 1783 ................................................... The New York Returning Exiles Welcome Back the Governor- 1784 ................................................... Manuel Josephson Petitions the Philadelphia Congregation to Build a Ritual Bathhouse-1784 .......................... Levy Solomons of Montreal Helps the Americans-1784 ...... Jews Set the Christians an Example-1784 ................... The Burial of Benjamin Moses Clava-1785 .................. Jacob Rodriguez Rivera Writes to the Captain of One of His Slave Ships-1785 ....................................... Moses Hart Spends Passover in New York City-1786 ........ Moses Myers Scouts Around for a Likely Business Town-1786 A Jewish Marriage Ceremony-1787 ........................ Jonas Phillips of Pennsylvania Appeals to the National Govern- ment for Equal Rights-1787 ............................. The Gentiles of Philadelphia Help the Synagogue-1788 ....... A Christian Seeks Conversion to Judaism-1788 .............. The Federal Parade and the Jewish Snack Bar-1788 ......... Salomon Raffeld Asks Permission to be Wed-1788 ........... The Emancipation of the Jew on a Federal Level-1789 ....... The Lack of a Fixed Minhag in the American Synagogue-1790 Newport Jewry Welcomes George Washington-1790 ......... INTRODUCTION The Jew and the American Revolution THE WARAND ITSBEGINNINGS, 1775 The United States in 1975 finds Jews, together with their fel- low-citizens, celebrating the bicentennial of the American Revo- lution. From the ranks of the Jewish community-now 6,000,000 strong-have emerged about two dozen Nobel Prize winners during the last generation. It is the most affluent, the most gener- ous Jewry the world has yet known; the gross national product of its social and cultural institutions totals annually about $1,500,- 000,000. This imposing complex of societies and organizations is a fir cry from the Jewry of 1776 with its maximum total of 2,500 men, women, and children ensconced for the most part in the tidewater towns of Newport, New York, Philadelphia, Charles- ton, and Savannah. Like their neighbors, this miniscule American Jewry of the 1770's was not happy with the new fiscal and political policies Great Britain was formulating for her empire. With the French driven out of North America after the Seven Years' War, the colonists were expected to carry their share of the burden by defraying part of the expense of the long, hard conflict. To achieve this end, imperial controls were tightened; the new em- pire was to be much more closely integrated. The American people reacted to these pressures in the mid-1760's by signing nonimportation and nonconsumption agreements, boycotting English goods and industry. Since the menace of the French had been removed, the colonists no longer needed the mother country and moved toward autonomy. Taking advantage of the emergent national consciousness which had been shaping itself for almost a generation, the extremists pushed for independence and began piling up military supplies. In the attempt to anticipate an upris- ing, the British marched on Lexington and Concord in April, 1775, and the war was on. This introduction appeared originally as a separate brochure published by the American Jewish Archives in 1974. LOYALISTS The overwhelming majority of Americans were not happy about the thought of war that spring and summer of 1775. Even after the Battle of Bunker Hill, the Continental Congress hoped to evade a full-scale struggle and ordered a fast day in July. There is reason to believe that the Jews assembled in their chapels all the way from Newport to Savannah and prayed devoutly for peace. Out on the Pennsylvania frontier, in the growing village of North- umberland, Mrs. Aaron Levy and her nephew attended a make- shift Presbyterian service and prayed with their neighbors for the cessation of hostilities. But this war, too, was irrepressible, and Jews, like all others, had to take a stand. In determining their loyalties, Jews did not differ from their fellow-Americans. Some were Loyalists (Tories); others were Whigs; in between were those who swung from side to side as need and circumstances dictated. No one will ever know with any exactitude where the American people and the Jews among them stood in those sad days. Even families split-there were Go- mezes, Frankses, and Hayses in both camps. This was a civil war. In the larger towns, some Jews too poor even to go into exile and hoping to keep their little shops open accepted the authority
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Fourteenth Colony: Florida and the American Revolution in the South
    THE FOURTEENTH COLONY: FLORIDA AND THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION IN THE SOUTH By ROGER C. SMITH A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2011 1 © 2011 Roger C. Smith 2 To my mother, who generated my fascination for all things historical 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Jon Sensbach and Jessica Harland-Jacobs for their patience and edification throughout the entire writing process. I would also like to thank Ida Altman, Jack Davis, and Richmond Brown for holding my feet to the path and making me a better historian. I owe a special debt to Jim Cusack, John Nemmers, and the rest of the staff at the P.K. Yonge Library of Florida History and Special Collections at the University of Florida for introducing me to this topic and allowing me the freedom to haunt their facilities and guide me through so many stages of my research. I would be sorely remiss if I did not thank Steve Noll for his efforts in promoting the University of Florida’s history honors program, Phi Alpha Theta; without which I may never have met Jim Cusick. Most recently I have been humbled by the outpouring of appreciation and friendship from the wonderful people of St. Augustine, Florida, particularly the National Association of Colonial Dames, the ladies of the Women’s Exchange, and my colleagues at the St. Augustine Lighthouse and Museum and the First America Foundation, who have all become cherished advocates of this project.
    [Show full text]
  • BATTLEGROUND of FREEDOM No State Made a Greater Contribution to the Winning of America
    A~ '562. 2 .· ~\l-2. C'op~ \ BATTLEGROUND OF FREEDOM No state made a greater contribution to the winning of America. Both Kosciusko and Count Pulaski, the Polish independence and the founding of the nation than South patriots, served with distinction in South Carolina. ·Carolina. Her sons served ably and well in the Con­ For nearly four years, South Carolina was spared the tinental Congress and many of her sons laid down their horrors of war, then Charleston fell in May, 1780, and lives on the altar of freedom so that liberty and in­ South Carolina became a conquered province. Except for dependence could be achieved. Her heroine daughters Marion, Sumter and Pickens and their gallant followers, are legends of the land. it seemed all was lost. After Camden, the tide began to Upon the soil of South Carolina more battles were turn with Musgrove's Mill, Hanging Rock, King's Moun­ fought than in any other state. Both Virginia and tain and Blackstock's. In October, Nathanael Greene, the Massachusetts have been referred to as "The Cradle of fighting Quaker from Rhode Island, was given command Liberty." South Carolina was "The Battleground of of the Continental troops in the South. Daniel Morgan, an Freedom." Men from many states and nations came to epic soldier of great courage, returned to active duty, In South Carolina and fought and died. Where they fought, 17'81, the British suffered a major defeat at Cowpens. The bled and died is sacred ground, consecrated by the blood Battles of Ninety Six, Hobkirk's Hill, and most promi­ of patriots.
    [Show full text]
  • The Jews Who Saved Monticello ­ WSJ
    4/27/2017 The Jews Who Saved Monticello ­ WSJ This copy is for your personal, non­commercial use only. To order presentation­ready copies for distribution to your colleagues, clients or customers visit http://www.djreprints.com. https://www.wsj.com/articles/the­jews­who­saved­monticello­1493330922 OPINION | COMMENTARY | HOUSES OF WORSHIP THE JEWS WHO SAVED MONTICELLO Thomas Jefferson’s home lay in ruin until Uriah Phillips Levy stepped in to help. By Meir Soloveichik April 27, 2017 6:08 p.m. ET Thomas Jefferson is buried at Monticello, his estate in Charlottesville, Va. The exact spot is marked by an obelisk bearing the date of his death: July 4, 1826—50 years to the day after the Second Continental Congress declared independence. Also close to the home lies a grave belonging to Rachel Phillips Levy. According to the inscription, she died on the 7 of Iyar, 5591, following a calendar used by traditional Jews. How did a Jewish grave end up in Monticello? The answer lies in the history of a family whose own story is every bit as American as that of Jefferson himself. In 1776 a Jewish patriot named Jonas Phillips fled to Philadelphia from New York with the arrival of the British fleet. A decade later, he was well-regarded in his new city, and his daughter Rachel was set to marry a Jewish gentleman named Levy. –– ADVERTISEMENT –– Benjamin Rush —a famous physician, signatory of the Declaration of Independence, and friend to Jefferson—attended the wedding. That Phillips had invited a prominent gentile to a Jewish ceremony, an act unthinkable almost anywhere else at the time, is a sign of the extraordinary freedom Jews had found in this new land.
    [Show full text]
  • Conflict and Cooperation Between Eighteenth-Century Savannah Jews Mark I
    Western Washington University Western CEDAR Western Libraries Faculty and Staff ubP lications Western Libraries and the Learning Commons 1-1-2006 A 'Haven of Benignity': Conflict and Cooperation Between Eighteenth-Century Savannah Jews Mark I. Greenberg University of South Florida, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://cedar.wwu.edu/library_facpubs Part of the Ethnic Studies Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Greenberg, Mark I., "A 'Haven of Benignity': Conflict and Cooperation Between Eighteenth-Century Savannah Jews" (2006). Western Libraries Faculty and Staff Publications. 41. https://cedar.wwu.edu/library_facpubs/41 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Western Libraries and the Learning Commons at Western CEDAR. It has been accepted for inclusion in Western Libraries Faculty and Staff ubP lications by an authorized administrator of Western CEDAR. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A “Haven of Benignity”: Conflict and Cooperation Between Eighteenth-Century Savannah Jews By Mark I. Greenberg On July 11, 1733, forty-one Jews aboard the schooner William and Sarah landed in the fledgling Georgia colony.1 Their harrowing five-month journey had included damage to their boat in the Thames River and a near shipwreck off the North Carolina coast. The weary travelers joined 275 Christian inhabitants already settled on the bluffs above the Savannah River. Only five months earlier James Oglethorpe had landed with a charter from King
    [Show full text]
  • Court Won't Bar Left-Wing Activists Ezra Nawi, Guy Butavia from West Bank
    4 Friday, January 29, 2016 | Haaretz in which the troops of Rank & File the Australian Mounted Division played a decisive Court won’t bar left-wing activists role, and so he’s “delighted SECOND-HAND SHOP FOR that we can pay tribute to ETHIOPIAN IMMIGRANTS: this important event by A new second-hand shop screening the classic film, Ezra Nawi, Guy Butavia from West Bank has begun serving the new ‘The Lighthorsemen.’” The immigrants in Mevasseret films will be screened at the request, saying it stemmed Zion, operated by Telfed – respective cinematheques Nir Hasson from a desire to restrict his The South African Zionist of Tel Aviv (February 8-15), A court yesterday rejected client’s political activity rath- Federation. The Telfed Jerusalem (February 9-18) the police’s request to bar two er than from the needs of the Ethiopian Community and Haifa (February 10-17). left-wing activists from the investigation. Initiative opened the shop West Bank, terming it an un- In response, police repre- last month “to provide a BRAIN UNDRAIN: A new acceptable infringement on sentative Avi Tivoni, said, “I source of low-cost clothing initiative, the Zuckerman their freedom of occupation know he’s involved in provo- and household goods, some Postdoctoral Scholars and expression. cations against IDF soldiers new,” committee chairman Program, aims to attract Ezra Nawi and Guy Bu- and confrontations with sol- Mel Cohen told Haaretz. “A postdoctoral researchers tavia, both members of the diers as part of his activity significant number of people from North America and other Ta’ayush organization, were in what he terms a human have been coming in.” Three Western countries to Israel’s arrested over two weeks rights organization.” Peleg volunteers – former South major academic centers, ago on suspicion of various said this response proved Africans Roy Scher and the Technion-Israel Institute crimes, including contact his point that the police’s Shira Lipschitz along with of Technology announced with a foreign agent.
    [Show full text]
  • Transformations in Jewish Self-Identification Before, During, and After the American Civil War" (2020)
    W&M ScholarWorks Undergraduate Honors Theses Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 5-2020 Changing Notions of Identity: Transformations in Jewish Self- Identification Before, During, and After the American Civil War Heather Byrum Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses Part of the History of Religion Commons, Jewish Studies Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Byrum, Heather, "Changing Notions of Identity: Transformations in Jewish Self-Identification Before, During, and After the American Civil War" (2020). Undergraduate Honors Theses. Paper 1562. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses/1562 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Changing Notions of Identity: Transformations in Jewish Self-Identification Before, During, and After the American Civil War A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Bachelor of Arts in History from The College of William and Mary by Heather L. Byrum Accepted for _________________________ (Honors, High Honors, Highest Honors) _________________________ Carol Sheriff, Director Jay Watkins III Williamsburg, VA May 5, 2020 1 Changing Notions of Identity: Transformations in Jewish Self-Identification Before, During, and After the American Civil
    [Show full text]
  • Haym Salomon
    1 Haym Salomon Polish, Jewish, American patriot - financier of the American Revolution…. Jewish Conflict and Identity Haym Salomon By Jerry Klinger Myths are part fact. Myths are part fantasy. A society creates what it needs out of both and claims that as truth. William Rabinowitz No one knows what Haym Salomon looked like. There was never a portrait, bust, sculpture or death mask made of him. Any representations of Haym Salomon are wishful, artistic expressions. Did he look Jewish? If he did, few portray him with Jewish stereotypical racial characteristics. What is known about Salomon is limited. There are few surviving primary historical documents. Most of what is known about him is gleaned from indirect sources, secondary materials and even rabid anti-Semitic canards perversely legitimized by the myth and reality of his life. One central fact is incontrovertible. Salomon was an American Revolutionary Patriot who personally suffered and sacrificed much for the American cause. 2 Haym Salomon, (or Solomon) was born April 7, 1740 in Leszno, a small town in Western Poland. His family was Sephardic Jews, probably of Portuguese background. Some say his father was an orthodox Rabbi. Others claim his family was revolutionaries in the failed struggle for Polish independence and liberty. Salomon left Leszno to travel in France and Germany as a young man. When Leszno was surrendered in the first Polish Partition (1772) to the Hapsburgs, Salomon was in England. The timeline of his life becomes murky. His associations in Europe were never clarified. Salomon moved from country to country developing an extraordinary skill in languages and understanding of finance.
    [Show full text]
  • Robert Morris: America’S First Financier from Forbes Greatest Business Stories of All Time by Daniel Gross, Et Al
    Robert Morris: America’s First Financier from Forbes Greatest Business Stories of All Time by Daniel Gross, et al. As the richest person in America during the Revolutionary War, Robert Morris was commonly known by the single name that encompassed his profession, his accomplishment, and his genius: he was referred to simply as “the Financier.” In the 1770s, when the United States was in its first throes of independence, Morris served as a statesman in the company of Adams, Franklin, and Jefferson. But by 1781, with the nation on the verge of forfeiting that independence to bankruptcy, he was the only choice for the newly created government post of Super- intendent of Finance, a position equivalent in the desperate days of 1781-82 to the head of the emerging executive branch. Before resigning in 1784, Morris had formulated a workable plan to restore the solvency of the United States. Though hindered from instituting his strategy completely, Morris at least staved off panic and managed to maintain the army—an estimable accomplishment. He also replaced the uncomfortable standoff between government and commerce that remained from the colonial era, establishing a closer yet freer relationship between government and business. “To do any good, [we] must infuse into traders of America a spirit of enterprise and direct their attention to such objects as will most benefit the pub- lick,” Morris insisted. “. Their own interest and the publick good goes hand in hand and they need no other prompter or tu- tor.” Robert Morris was the country’s first real businessman, and in many ways his life is a model for the mil- lions of people who have found success in the American economy he helped to create.
    [Show full text]
  • Jews and the Sources of Religious Freedom in Early Pennsylvania
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 4-3-2018 Jews and the Sources of Religious Freedom in Early Pennsylvania Jonathon Derek Awtrey Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the Cultural History Commons, History of Religion Commons, Political History Commons, Social History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Awtrey, Jonathon Derek, "Jews and the Sources of Religious Freedom in Early Pennsylvania" (2018). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 4544. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/4544 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. JEWS AND THE SOURCES OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM IN EARLY PENNSYLVANIA A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College In partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of History by Jonathon Derek Awtrey B.S. University of West Georgia, 2007 M.A. University of West Georgia, 2009 May 2018 For Christina, Sandra, Cole, Val, Suzy, April, Les, Carolyn, John, Nita, Kevin, and families ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The years of research, writing, and revision that resulted in this dissertation derived from conversations with family members, friends, colleagues, trusted mentors, and other scholars, archivists, and editors. My entire family, but especially my mother and sisters, have sustained my intellectual curiosity from an early age.
    [Show full text]
  • Backcountry Warrior: Brig. Gen. Andrew Williamson the “Benedict Arnold of South Carolina” and America's First Major Double
    Backcountry Warrior: Brig. Gen. Andrew Williamson The “Benedict Arnold of South Carolina” and America’s First Major Double Agent -- Part I BY LLEWELLYN M. TOULMIN, PH. D., F.R.G.S. This two-part series contains the following sections: Introduction Acknowledgements Biography of Brigadier General Andrew Williamson White Hall Possible Link to Liberia Archaeological Reconnaissance of 1978 Archaeological Survey of March 2011 Archaeological Expedition of 2011-12 Conclusions Biographical Note. Introduction Andrew Williamson was a fascinating and very controversial character in South Carolina Revolutionary history. He was loved by his many supporters and reviled by his many enemies. He was called the “Benedict Arnold of South Carolina” for laying down his arms in June 1780 and taking British protection. He surprised his critics, however, by revealing after the war that for a crucial period while living in besieged Charleston he had spied against the British, and had passed vital intelligence to the Americans. Because of his high rank and important information passed on for almost a year, he can fairly be described as “America’s first major double agent.” Despite his fame and notoriety, and historical importance, no biography of Williamson longer than a page or two has ever been published. Furthermore, no book on spy-craft in the Revolution has focused on Williamson or apparently even mentioned him and his spying efforts.1 1 Some of the relevant books that do not mention Williamson’s spying activities include: Harry and Marjorie Mahoney,
    [Show full text]
  • The American Reformation: the Politics of Religious Liberty, Charleston and New York 1770-1830 by Susanna Christine Linsley
    The American Reformation: The Politics of Religious Liberty, Charleston and New York 1770-1830 by Susanna Christine Linsley A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) in The University of Michigan 2012 Doctoral Committee: Professor Susan M Juster, Chair Professor David J. Hancock Professor Mary C. Kelley Associate Professor Mika Lavaque-Manty Assistant Professor Daniel Ramirez © Susanna Christine Linsley 2012 Acknowledgements During one of the more challenging points in the beginning stages of the dissertation project, my advisor, Sue Juster, gave me some advice that I continue to refer to when I find myself in need of guidance. She told me that there was no secret to getting back on track. I just needed to allow myself to take some time and remember why I loved history. This observation was one of the many sage and trenchant insights Sue has offered me throughout graduate school. I cannot thank her enough for providing both such a practical and an inspiring model for scholarship. I have also been fortunate to work with a committee whose brilliance and wisdom is unmatched. Mary Kelley has been a constant source of support throughout my time in Ann Arbor. Her unfailing trust in me and in my project gave me the confidence to push my work in directions I would not have thought possible before I began. David Hancock has always asked good questions, spurring me to think deeply both about context and about broader sets of connections. His own rigorous scholarship and teaching have served as great examples to me.
    [Show full text]
  • H. Doc. 108-222
    1690 Biographical Directory fifth Congress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839); resumed the tives 1877-1887 and served as speaker in 1882 and 1883; practice of law; died in Savannah, Ga., March 2, 1856; inter- delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1892; ment in Laurel Grove Cemetery. elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); was not a candidate for renomina- OWENS, James W., a Representative from Ohio; born tion in 1896; became affiliated with the Republican Party in Springfield Township, Franklin County, Ind., October 24, in 1896; major in the Second Regiment, Kentucky Volun- 1837; pursued academic studies; was graduated from Miami teers, during the Spanish-American War in 1898; moved University, Oxford, Ohio, in 1862; during the Civil War en- to Louisville, Ky., in 1900 and resumed the practice of law; listed in the Union Army as a private in the Twentieth died in Louisville, Ky., November 18, 1925; interment in Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, for three months’ serv- Georgetown Cemetery, Georgetown, Ky. ice; reenlisted and was made first lieutenant of Company A, Eighty-sixth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and on OWSLEY, Bryan Young, a Representative from Ken- the reorganization of that regiment was made captain of tucky; born near Crab Orchard, Lincoln County, Ky., August Company K; attended the law department of the University 19, 1798; attended the common schools of Lincoln County; of Michigan at Ann Arbor in 1864 and 1865; was admitted studied law and was admitted to the bar; moved
    [Show full text]