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EWS-WWF is a local non-profit environmental organisation driving posititive change to conserve our natural environment through the protection of biodiversity and the promotion of sustainable lifestyles. جمعية اإلمارات للحياة الفطرية بالتعاون مع الصندوق العالمي لصون الطبيعة EWS-WWF هي منظمة بيئية للنفع العام تعمل لدفع عجلة المحافظة البيئية من خالل حماية التنوع البيولوجي وترويج اساليب الحياة المستدامة. Overfishing is the practice of catching more fish than the oceans can sustain, depleting fish populations. In the UAE many species are being taken out beyond sustainable levels. Studies show that the overall number of commercial fish in the country has declined by 80% in the last 30 years. Emirates Wildlife Society, in association with the WWF (EWS-WWF), has produced this consumer guide to UAE fish to help you make informed choices. By choosing to buy sustainable fish only, we can lower the demand for overfished species.Take action now to protect our resources for the future. األخضر: أفضل خيار! Go for it! (stock is not experiencing )ال تواجه هذه األنواع ضغوط صيد عالية( (heavy fishing pressure Orange-spotted Trevally Jesh Um Al Hala Two-bar Seabream Faskar Black-streaked Monocle Bream Ebzimi Yellow Bar Angelfish Anfooz Pink Ear Emperor Shaari Eshkeli Sordid Sweetlips Yanam Ehrenbergs’ Snapper Naiser Yellow Fin Seabream Shaam Blackspotted Rubberlip Hilali Giant Sea Catfish Khan Yellow Tail Scad Durduman 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 “GIANT SEA CATFISH” خن KHAN 18 “YELLOW TAIL SCAD” دردمان DURDUMAN 19 البرتقالي: خيار جيد، ولكن هنالك خيارات أفضل )مازال معدل اصطيادها في حدود مستويات االستدامة( Good choice but there’s better (stock exploited within sustainable levels) Longtail Silver Biddy Badah Small Tooth Emperor Souli Black Spot Snapper Aqalah King Soldier Bream Kofar Blue Spot Mullet Beyah Arabi 21 22 23 24 25 األحمر: فكر بشراء نوع سمك آخر! !Think again )تتعرض هذه األسماك إلى ضغط الصيد الجائر( (stock is heavily overfished) Orange-spotted Grouper Hamour Spangled Emperor Shaari Painted Sweetlips Fersh Kingfish Kanaad Golden Trevally Zuraidi Snub Nose Emperor Yemah White-spotted Spinefoot Safi Arabi Goldlined Seabream Qabit 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 “Golden Trevally” 34 Photos courtesy of EWS-WWF volunteers: © Eman El-Hawari © Tiffany Shultz Choose Wisely is an initiative of EWS-WWF and is supported by:.

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Front cover: Giant grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus) with juvenile golden trevally (Gnathanodon speciosus) swimming above a mound of Pavona cactus on a mid- shelf reef in the northern Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. Photo by Andrew Bruckner. Back Cover: A large stand of staghorn coral, Acropora spp. on Wood Reef. Photo by Ken Marks. Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation 8181 Professional Place Landover, MD, 20785 USA Philip G. Renaud, Executive Director http://www.livingoceansfoundation.org All research was completed under research permit G14/36867.1 issued on 15 August 2014. The use and entry into zones in the Amalgamated Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Section and the Great Barrier Reef Coast Marine Park were identified and authorized under permit G14/372021 issued on 28 August, 2014. This report was developed as one component of the Global Reef Expedition: Great Barrier Reef research project to meet one of the requirements of the research permits approved by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority (GBRMPA). All images are by Andrew Bruckner unless noted otherwise. All maps were completed by Alexandra Dempsey. Dec. 15, 2014. Citation: Global Reef Expedition: Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Field Report. Bruckner, A.W. (2014). Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation, Landover MD. pp. 31. The Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation (KSLOF) was incorporated in California as a 501(c)(3), public benefit, Private Operating Foundation in September 2000. KSLOF headquarters are in Washington DC. The Living Oceans Foundation is dedicated to the conservation and restoration of oceans of the world, and champions their preservation through research, education, and a commitment to Science Without Borders®.
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Of Abu Dhabi Emirate, United Arab Emirates MARINE and COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS of ABU DHABI EMIRATE, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
of Abu Dhabi Emirate, United Arab Emirates MARINE AND COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS OF ABU DHABI EMIRATE, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES Page . II of Abu Dhabi Emirate, United Arab Emirates Page . III MARINE AND COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS OF ABU DHABI EMIRATE, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES Page . IV MARINE AND COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS OF ABU DHABI EMIRATE, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES H. H. Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan President of the United Arab Emirates Page . V MARINE AND COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS OF ABU DHABI EMIRATE, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES Page . VI MARINE AND COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS OF ABU DHABI EMIRATE, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES H. H. Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi, Deputy Supreme Commander of the UAE Armed Forces Page . VII MARINE AND COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS OF ABU DHABI EMIRATE, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES Page . VIII MARINE AND COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS OF ABU DHABI EMIRATE, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES H. H. Sheikh Hamdan bin Zayed Al Nahyan Deputy Prime Minister Page . IX MARINE AND COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS OF ABU DHABI EMIRATE, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES s\*?*c*i]j6.%;M"%&9+~)#"$*&ENL`\&]j6. =';78G=%1?%&'12= !"##$" 9<8*TPEg-782#,On%O)6=]KL %&'( )*+,-. 2#,On#X%3G=FON&$4#*.%&9+~)#"$*&XNL %?)#$*&E, &]1TL%&9+%?)':5=&4O`(.#`g-78 %!/ اﻷوراق اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﻴﺔ fJT=V-=>?#Fk9+*#$'&= /%*?%=*<(/8>OhT7.F 012(.%34#56.%-78&9+:;(<=>=?%@8'-/ABC $L#01i%;1&&!580.9,q@EN(c D)=EF%3G&H#I7='J=:KL)'MD*7.%&'-(8=';78G=NO D)$8P#"%;QI8ABCRI7S;<#D*T(8%.I7)=U%#$#VW'.X JG&Bls`ItuefJ%27=PE%u%;QI8)aEFD)$8%7iI=H*L YZZ[\&F]17^)#G=%;/;!N_-LNL`%3;%87VW'.X NL]17~Is%1=fq-L4"#%;M"~)#"G=,|2OJ*c*TLNLV(ItuG= )aE0@##`%;Kb&9+*c*T(`d_-8efJG=g-78012
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Species Identification Guide
SPECIES IDENTIFICATION GUIDE Pilbara/Kimberley Region ABOUT THIS GUIDE a variety of marine and freshwater species including barramundi, tropical emperors, The Pilbara/Kimberley Region extends from sea-perches, trevallies, sooty grunter, the Ashburton River near Onslow to the threadfin, mud crabs, and cods. Northern Territory/South Australia border. The Ord and Fitzroy Rivers are two of the Recreational fishing activity in the region State’s largest river systems. They are shows distinct seasonal peaks, with the highly valued by visiting and local fishers. highest number of visitors during the winter Both river systems are relatively easy to months (dry season). Fishing pressure is access and are focal points for recreational also concentrated around key population fishers pursuing barramundi. centres. An estimated 6.5 per cent of the State’s recreational fishers fished marine Offshore islands, coral reef systems and waters in the Pilbara/Kimberley during continental shelf waters provide species of 1998/99, while a further 1.6 per cent major recreational interest, including many fished fresh waters in the region. members of the demersal sea perch family (Lutjanidae) such as scarlet sea perch and This guide provides a brief overview of red emperor, cods, coral and coronation some of the region’s most popular and trout, sharks, trevally, tuskfish, tunas, sought-after fish species. Fishing rules are mackerels and billfish. contained in a separate guide on fishing in the Pilbara/Kimberley Region. Fishing charters and fishing tournaments have becoming increasingly popular in the FISHING IN THE region over the past five years. The Dampier PILBARA/KIMBERLEY Classic and Broome sailfish tournaments are both state and national attractions, and Within the Pilbara/Kimberley Region, creek WA is gaining an international reputation for systems, mangroves, rivers and ocean the quality of its offshore pelagic sport and beaches provide shore and boat fishing for game fishing.
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CARANGIDAE Local Name: Naruvaa Handhi Order: Perciformes Size: Max
Alectis ciliaris (Bloch, 1787) English Name: African pompano Family: CARANGIDAE Local Name: Naruvaa handhi Order: Perciformes Size: Max. 1.3 m Specimen: MRS/0501/97 Distinctive Characters: Dorsal fin with 7 short spines (invisible in larger ones) followed by 1 spine and 18-22 rays. Anal fin with 2 spines (embedded in larger ones) followed by 1 spine and 18-20 rays. Gill rakers lower limb first gill arch 12-17, excluding rudiments. Anterior rays long and filamentous injuveniles. Body deep and compressed. Forehead rounded. Colour: Silvery, with touch of metallic blue dorsally. Juveniles with 5 dark bars on body. Habitat and Biology: Adults solitary in coastal waters to depths of 100 m. Young usually pelagic and drifting. Feeds mainly on sedentary crustaceans. Distribution: Circumtropical. Remarks: The similar A. indicus also occurs in the Indian Ocean. Unlike Alectis ciliaris, A. indicus has an angularforehead, more gill rakers on lowerlimb of first gill arch (21-26 excluding rudiment), and is coloured silver with a green tinge dorsally. 124 Carangoides caeruleopinnatus (Ruppell, 1830) English Name: Coastal trevally Family: CARANGIDAE Local Name: Vabboa handhi Order: Perciformes Size: Max. 40 cm Specimen: MRS/P0l46/87 Distinctive Characters: First dorsal fin with 8 spines, second dorsal fin with I spine and 20-23 rays. Anal fin with 2 spines followed by 1 spine and 16-20 rays. Gill rakers on first gill arch including the rudiments, 2 1-25. Naked area of breast extends well beyond pelvic fins. Soft dorsal lobe filamentous in young, but shorter than the head length in adults. Colour: Silvery, somewhat darker above than below.
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Training Manual Series No.15/2018
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by CMFRI Digital Repository DBTR-H D Indian Council of Agricultural Research Ministry of Science and Technology Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute Department of Biotechnology CMFRI Training Manual Series No.15/2018 Training Manual In the frame work of the project: DBT sponsored Three Months National Training in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology for Fisheries Professionals 2015-18 Training Manual In the frame work of the project: DBT sponsored Three Months National Training in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology for Fisheries Professionals 2015-18 Training Manual This is a limited edition of the CMFRI Training Manual provided to participants of the “DBT sponsored Three Months National Training in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology for Fisheries Professionals” organized by the Marine Biotechnology Division of Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI), from 2nd February 2015 - 31st March 2018. Principal Investigator Dr. P. Vijayagopal Compiled & Edited by Dr. P. Vijayagopal Dr. Reynold Peter Assisted by Aditya Prabhakar Swetha Dhamodharan P V ISBN 978-93-82263-24-1 CMFRI Training Manual Series No.15/2018 Published by Dr A Gopalakrishnan Director, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (ICAR-CMFRI) Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute PB.No:1603, Ernakulam North P.O, Kochi-682018, India. 2 Foreword Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI), Kochi along with CIFE, Mumbai and CIFA, Bhubaneswar within the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and Department of Biotechnology of Government of India organized a series of training programs entitled “DBT sponsored Three Months National Training in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology for Fisheries Professionals”.
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Prioritized Species for Mariculture in India
Prioritized Species for Mariculture in India Compiled & Edited by Ritesh Ranjan Muktha M Shubhadeep Ghosh A Gopalakrishnan G Gopakumar Imelda Joseph ICAR - Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute Post Box No. 1603, Ernakulam North P.O. Kochi – 682 018, Kerala, India www.cmfri.org.in 2017 Prioritized Species for Mariculture in India Published by: Dr. A Gopalakrishnan Director ICAR - Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute Post Box No. 1603, Ernakulam North P.O. Kochi – 682 018, Kerala, India www.cmfri.org.in Email: [email protected] Tel. No.: +91-0484-2394867 Fax No.: +91-0484-2394909 Designed at G.K. Print House Pvt. Ltd. Rednam Gardens Visakhapatnam- 530002, Andhra Pradesh Cell: +91 9848196095, www.gkprinthouse.com Cover page design: Abhilash P. R., CMFRI, Kochi Illustrations: David K. M., CMFRI, Kochi Publication, Production & Co-ordination: Library & Documentation Centre, CMFRI Printed on: November 2017 ISBN 978-93-82263-14-2 © 2017 ICAR - Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi All rights reserved. Material contained in this publication may not be reproduced in any form without the permission of the publisher. Citation : Ranjan, R., Muktha, M., Ghosh, S., Gopalakrishnan, A., Gopakumar, G. and Joseph, I. (Eds.). 2017. Prioritized Species for Mariculture in India. ICAR-CMFRI, Kochi. 450 pp. CONTENTS Foreword ................................................................................................................. i Preface .................................................................................................................
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RECOFI/VII/2013/Inf.9 May 2013 E
RECOFI/VII/2013/Inf.9 May 2013 E Organización Food and Organisation des Продовольственная и de las Agriculture Nations Unies cельскохозяйственная Naciones Unidas Organization pour организация para la of the l'alimentation Объединенных Alimentación y la et l'agriculture United Nations Наций Agricu tul ra REGIONAL COMMISSION FOR FISHERIES (RECOFI) Seventh Session Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran, 14 - 16 May 2013 Review of capture fishery statistics in the RECOFI region: trends and patterns Executive Summary This document updates information on catch trends as extracted from the RECOFI capture production database. Total catch in 2011 was the second ever, very close to the 2006 maximum. Differences in catch composition and trends between the two RECOFI statistical divisions are briefly discussed. Most RECOFI Member Countries submit the annual catch data in a timely manner and with an acceptable species breakdown. However, further improvements could come from collaboration with the GCC database, greater focus on the priority species identified by the WGFM, and refinement of sampling schemes. Catch trend of priority species was briefly described with consideration on the need of management actions. This document is printed in limited numbers to minimize the environmental impact of FAO's processes and contribute to climate neutrality. Delegates and observers are kindly requested to bring their copies to meetings and to avoid asking for additional copies. Most FAO meeting documents are available on the Internet at www.fao.org RECOFI/VII/2013/Inf.9 2 GENERAL INFORMATION 1. The RECOFI capture production database was established at the request of the Commission and it is managed on its behalf by the FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Statistics and Information Service (FIPS).
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Addressing Biodiversity and Bycatch Issues in Queensland Inshore Waters
The effects of net fishing: addressing biodiversity and bycatch issues in Queensland inshore waters by Ian Halliday1 Janet Ley2, Andrew Tobin3 Rod Garrett4, Neil Gribble4 and David Mayer5 1Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Agency for Food and Fibre Sciences, Fisheries and Aquaculture, Southern Fisheries Centre, PO Box 76, Deception Bay, Qld. 4508, Australia. 2Australain Institute of Marine Sciences, PMB No 3, Townsville Qld 4810. Current Address:Australian Maritime College, Faculty of Fish and Environment, PO Box 21, Beaconsfield TAS 7270 3Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Agency for Food and Fibre Sciences, Fisheries and Aquaculture, Oonoomba Research Centre PO Box 1085 Townsville 4801 Current Address: CRC Reef Centre, James Cook University, Townsville 4812. 4Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Agency for Food and Fibre Sciences, Fisheries and Aquaculture, Northern Fisheries Centre, PO Box 5396 Cairns, 4870. 5Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Agency for Food and Fibre Sciences, Queensland Beef Industry Institute, Locked Mail Bag 4, Yeerongpilly, 4105. FRDC Project No. 97/206 October 2001 ISBN 0 7345 0150 1 ii QO01022 ISSN 0727-6281 AGDEX 475/10 ISBN 0 7345 0150 1 Information contained in this publication is provided as general advice only. For application to specific circumstances, professional advice should be sought. The Department of Primary Industries, Queensland, has taken all reasonable steps to ensure that the information contained in this publication is accurate at the time of production. Readers should ensure that they make appropriate inquiries to determine whether new information is available on the particular subject matter. ISBN 0 7345 0150 1 ª The State of Queensland, Department of Primary Industries, and the Fisheries Research and Development Corporation, 2001.
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NORTH COAST FISH IDENTIFICATION GUIDE Ben M
NORTH COAST FISH IDENTIFICATION GUIDE Ben M. Rome and Stephen J. Newman Department of Fisheries 3rd floor SGIO Atrium 168-170 St George’s Terrace PERTH WA 6000 Telephone (08) 9482 7333 Facsimile (08) 9482 7389 Website: www.fish.wa.gov.au ABN: 55 689 794 771 Published by Department of Fisheries, Perth, Western Australia. Fisheries Occasional Publications No. 80, September 2010. ISSN: 1447 - 2058 ISBN: 1 921258 90 X Information about this guide he intention of the North Coast Fish Identification Guide is to provide a simple, Teasy to use manual to assist commercial, recreational, charter and customary fishers to identify the most commonly caught marine finfish species in the North Coast Bioregion. This guide is not intended to be a comprehensive taxonomic fish ID guide for all species. It is anticipated that this guide will assist fishers in providing a more comprehensive species level description of their catch and hence assist scientists and managers in understanding any variation in the species composition of catches over both spatial and temporal scales. Fish taxonomy is a dynamic and evolving field. Advances in molecular analytical techniques are resolving many of the relationships and inter-relationships among species, genera and families of fishes. In this guide, we have used and adopted the latest taxonomic nomenclature. Any changes to fish taxonomy will be updated and revised in subsequent editions. The North Coast Bioregion extends from the Ashburton River near Onslow to the Northern Territory border. Within this region there is a diverse range of habitats from mangrove creeks, rivers, offshore islands, coral reef systems to continental shelf and slope waters.
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Chamorro Fish Names 1
Micronesica 23(2): 93 - 118, 1990 Chamorro Fish Names 1 ALEXANDER M. KERR P.O. Box 10147, Sinajaiia, Guam 96926 Abstract-Over 260 names in the Chamorro fish nomenclature system show influences from Span ish, English, Japanese, Polynesian and Philippine languages. Some of the names of local origin are translatable and describe aspects of the fishes that the islanders found important or interesting. The near absence of locally derived names for pelagic and deepwater species is unique in Micronesia and is possibly the result of a change in subsistence patterns that occurred during the early colonization of the Mariana Islands. Introduction The indigenous inhabitants of the Mariana archipelago in Micronesia, the Chamorros, were skilled fishermen (Driver 1983) and they had a detailed nomenclature for the fishes they caught. The islanders' economy was profoundly affected by colonization (Carano & Sanchez 1964) and today the Chamorros do not depend on the sea as in prehistoric times, though subsistence fishing is still a part of some households. Present Chamorro fish names indicate the economic importance of each family of fish and record European influences on native fishing practices. The earliest mention of Chamorro fish names was in 1602 by Fray Juan Pobre de Zamora, who included three terms in his manuscript (Driver 1983). Several 19th cen tury reports mention a few fish names also (Villalobos 1833, Chaco Lara 1885, Olive Y Garcia 1984). Ibanez del Carmen ( 1865) in his Spanish-Chamorro dictionary gave several names, most of which are still in use today. Seale (1901) included 33 vernacular names in a systematic account of Guam fishes.
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Seafarming and Searanching in Singapore
In:F Lacanilao, RM Coloso, GF Quinitio (Eds.). Proceedings of the Seminar-Workshop on Aquaculture Development in Southeast Asia and Prospects for Seafarming and Searanching; 19-23 August 1991; Iloilo City, Philippines. SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department, Iloilo, Philippines. 1994. 159 p. SEAFARMING AND SEARANCHING IN SINGAPORE Renee Chou Marine Aquaculture Section Primary Production Department Ministry of National Development 300-C Nicoll Drive, Singapore 1749 ABSTRACT Seafarming in Singapore is described in detail, covering farm design and structure, site selection criteria, current farm practices, farm operation and maintenance, species for culture, and diseases and their control. Searanching has not been done in Singapore. Results of related work on fish stocking is briefly reported. SEAFARMING: SPECIES CULTURED AND PRODUCTION STATISTICS (1988-1990) Farming in floating net cages accounts for the bulk of food fish produced in Singapore. In 1988, 1,972 tons from Seafarming were produced. Fishes (471 tons, 23.9%) were mainly the sea bass (235 tons, 11.9%), groupers (Epinephelus tauvina, Plectropomus maculatus, Cromileptis altivelis) (141 tons, 7.1%), golden snapper (Lutjanus johni, 49 tons, 2.5%), and others like the yellowfin jack (Caranx ignobilis), golden trevally (Gnathodon speciosus), bream (Acanthopagrus sp), and rabbitfishes (Siganus canaliculatus and S. guttatus) (46 tons, 2.3%). Shellfishes (1,501 tons, 76.1%) were mainly the green mussel (Perna viridis, 1,191 tons, 60.4%), mangrove crab (Scylla serrata, 256 tons, 13%), banana shrimp (Penaeus merguiensis, 30 tons, 1.5%), and spiny lobster (Panulirus polyphagia, 24 tons 1.2%). In 1990, the 1,856 tons production from Seafarming was fish (614 tons, 33.1%), mainly the sea bass (304 tons, 16.4%), groupers (186 tons, 10%), golden snapper (49 tons, 2.6%), yellowfin jack, golden trevally, and bream remained as minor species (59 tons, 3.2%).
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Field Identification Guide to the Living Marine Resources in Kenya
161 GuidePterois to Species volitans FAO names:Scorpaenidae - Red lionfish (En) Local name(s): Mchafe(Linnaeus,Bocho 1758) (M), Chale (K). Habitat: Dorsal10–11 fin rays with N: ; S: 13 spines and Fisheries: Benthic, associated to coral and rocky Distinctivereefs down toCharacters: 50 m. Bottom trawls, Seines. Anal fin with 3 spines Colour:and 6–7 softVariable rays; inscales colour, cycloid; usually often in with relation large tentacles above eyes. to habitat; coastal species generally darker, sometimes almost black in estuaries. Size: To 38 cm Scorpaena scrofa FAO names: Rascasse rouge (Fr) Red scorpionfish (En) Local name(s): MchafeLinnaeus,Bocho 1758 (M), Chale (K). Habitat: N: ; S: Fisheries: Over rocky, sandy or muddy bottoms, Distinctivedown to 500 Characters: m; usually down to 150 m. Bottom trawls, Seines. rays. Dorsal fin with 12 spines v;, Colour:and 9 soft rays; anal fin with 3 spines and 5 soft Dark spot often on spiny dorsal. Size: To 50 cm Scorpaenopsis diabolus (Plate II, 16) FAO names: False stonefish (En) Local name(s): Mchafe (Cuvier,Bocho (M), 1829) Chale (K). Habitat: N: ; S: Fisheries: Benthic in inshore waters, among rocks Distinctiveand corals, down Characters: to 70 m. Spears. Dorsal fin with 12 spines and 8–10 soft rays; anal fin with 3 spines and 5–6 Colour:rays; usually 18 pectoral–fin rays; back arched, with about 45 vertical scale rows. Colourful inside the pectoral fins. Size: To 30 cm 162 Bony Fishes Scorpaenopsis- Scorpaenidae - Apistidaegibbosa - Synanceiidae FAO names: Humpbacked scorpionfish (En) Local name(s): Mchafe (BlochBocho & (M) Schneider, Chale (K). 1801) Habitat: and corals.
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