DOCSLIB.ORG

A Adana, 2, 4, 13–17, 20, 24–26, 32, 35, 36, 38, 44, 138, 259–284, 314

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Adana, 2, 4, 13–17, 20, 24–26, 32, 35, 36, 38, 44, 138, 259–284, 314 Index A of the mountains, 260, 267, 270, 281, 315 Adana, 2, 4, 13–17, 20, 24–26, 32, 35, 36, 38, newly created, 250–253 44, 138, 259–284, 314–316, 319 reshaping, 248 Aeolian soil formation, 193–202 sediments, 181 sustainability, 285–291 transport, 181 Anthrosols, 129–130, 135, 154, 164, 169, Afforestation, 60–61, 65, 71–73, 78, 79, 89, 179–180, 184, 187, 190, 207, 209, 215, 93–98, 101, 111, 115, 118–122, 357 220, 223–225, 238 Aggregate measures, 103–110 Approach Agro holistic, 391, 398 environmental schemes, 171 integrated, 44, 59 forestry, 135, 137, 244, 255 multidisciplinary, 289 Agro-silvo-pastoral production system, 244 Apulia, 130, 132 Alghero, 179–191 Archaeological imprints, 155–156 Amanos, 267 Arenosol, 32, 136–138, 168, 169, 236, 335 American civil war, 274–277 Assyrians, 260, 262 Analysis Atriplex, 133, 244, 251–254 affordability, 394–395 Averting and mitigating behavior, 403 livelihood, 395 PEST, 395, 397 B Anatolia, 25, 64, 65, 135, 259, 267, 315 Benefit cost analysis, 402 Anazarbos, 269, 271 Byzantine empire, 265 Andosols, 134 Anthropic Regosols, 171, 173 C Anthropogenic soils Calcisol, 32, 35, 131–136, 139 anthrosols, 179–181, 184, 187, 190 Calcrete processes, 181, 183, 184, 186, 187, 189, horizon and petrocalcic horizon, 135 190 pedogenesis, 180–181 Anthroscape Calibration of model, 320–321, 329 Asian, 205–238 Cambisols, 23, 32, 35, 128, 131, 134, 135, Atriplex, 244, 251–254 137–139, 173, 174, 236 cotton, 272–273 Carbon degraded, 146, 193–202 emission, 388 economic and social impact of, 379–407 sequestration, 129 historical, 259–284 stocks, 218–221 hydrogeologic, 314 Cartagena, 194, 294 land quality classes, 2, 33–34, 41–43 Chalcolithic, 260 of the middle east, 57–123 China, 205–238, 270, 351 411 412 Index Chinese soil taxonomy, 209, 215, 223, G 226, 238 Geochemistry, 293 Cilicia, 259, 260, 265, 269–271, 273, 274, Geophysics, 293 278, 279 Gleysols, 128, 132–133, 135, 138, 236 Clay Soil District, 163–178 Greece, 129, 132, 134, 135, 137–139 Climate change Groundwater, 19, 22, 23, 128, 140, 181, 189, projected impacts of, 311–330 211, 214, 215, 225, 229, 230, 312–314, scenarios, 319, 320 316–318, 320–330 Community measures, 103, 110–119 Gypsisol, 132–136 Convergence in economic growth, 385–390 Cotton, 22–24, 32, 132, 135, 136, 264, 269, H 270, 272–278, 281, 282 Hadrian, 265, 270 Cydnos, 267 Heavy metals, 150, 295, 298, 301, 302, 304 Hebron highlands, 63–64 D Hedonic prices, 404 Degradation Herodotus, 260, 267 cost of, 127, 400–407 Histosols, 128–129, 168, 236, 288 of rangeland systems, 243–256 Hittite, 27, 260 Desertification, 5, 25, 46, 57–123, 127, 140, Horizon 244, 253, 333, 334, 337, 391, 401 argic, 136, 137 Dioscorides, 279 cambic/calcic, 136, 138, 235, 238 Driving forces, 4, 9–10, 46, 55 duric, 136 Durisols, 135–136 hydragric, 209, 218 petroduric, 136 E salic, 132 Early Bronze Age, 155, 156, 260 Horse driven wells, 262–264 Egypt, 127, 132, 133, 140, 268, 274 Human pressures, 125 Electrical resistivity (ER), 196, 197, 199, 296, Humret Es-Sahin watershed, 61–63, 82, 114 303, 304, 309 Hydrogeology, 311–330 Eluviation, 212–215 Hydrology, 290, 319, 354 Environmental decay, 386, 387 I degradation, 58, 127, 244, 247, 405, 406 Illuviation, 137, 184, 210, 212–213, 223, 226, externalities, 386–390 230 sustainability, 206 illuvial transport, 181 Epipedon Impact analysis, 288–289 anthrogleyic, 206, 225, 226, 238 Impacts anthropic, 215–217 income inequality, 387, 388 anthrostagnic, 209, 217–218 of misuse, 3, 9–10 cumulic, 209, 216–217, 238 of winter resorts, 145–147 fimic, 215, 217, 223 Indigenous technologies, 2, 45, 333–349, 397 siltigic/irragric, 209, 215, 216, 238 Inheritance, 153–158 EU Soil thematic strategy, 51–56 Intra pedon, 181, 186, 187 Extra pedon, 181, 186, 187 Irrigation, 7, 14, 16, 17, 19, 24, 30–32, 38, 118, 127, 130, 132–135, 137, 139, 140, 180, F 184, 187, 206, 209–211, 213–217, 221, Farmers decision system, 400 223, 225, 229, 236, 238, 253, 261–264, Fertile lands, 259–284 266, 270–272, 281, 314–321, 323–325, Floods, 267 327, 329, 330, 352–354, 356–362, 401 Forest decay, 388 Israel, 59–61, 65–71, 73–75, 77–79, 81, 83, 92, Fragmentation, 388 94–97, 99, 102, 105, 109, 112–117, 119, France, 131, 132, 134, 135, 137, 138, 274, 297 131, 134, 137, 139 Index 413 Italy, 9, 54, 56, 130–132, 134, 135, 137, 138, 125–141, 181, 184, 187, 194, 244, 245, 149, 151, 155, 157, 179–202 250, 269, 278, 279, 281, 294, 311–330, Italian Alps, 143–160 374, 377 Mersin, 44, 261 J Micronorphology, 199, 229, 250 Jordan, 60–63, 67, 70, 73, 74, 80–82, 84, 85, microstructure, 196, 199 96, 111, 119, 121, 126, 135, 137, 139 Migration, 3, 10–19, 23, 38, 45, 47, 214, 286, Justinian, 265, 266, 269, 270 357, 400 Mining K dumpings, 145, 149, 150 Karst processes, 181 mine tailings, 199, 294 Kastanozem, 132, 134 plant establishment in mine tailings, Keli-calcrete surfaces, 283–284 200–201 Kiziloz€ Microcatchment, 64–65, 75–77, 100, ponds, 294–297 103 Mismanagement, 20 Kizzuwatna, 260 Mitamashi, 351 Morocco, 127, 131–135, 137, 243–256 L Murcia, 194, 293–309 Land capability, 2, 26, 288, 290 N leveling, 210–211 Natural resources, 3, 18, 20, 25, 48, 127, 175, restoration, 55, 56, 255 351, 358, 398, 404 Land management Neolithic, 53, 259, 261 position, 41, 252 Net primary production (NPP), 2, 39–43, region, 125–141, 337 45–47 Landscape, 5, 52–55, 60, 63, 66, 120, 127, 129, Niger, 333–349 131, 132, 135, 139, 143–145, 151–155, Norway, 163–178 164–171, 173–175, 179, 180, 190, 206, 211, 212, 219, 223, 228, 230, 238, 244, O 245, 247, 251, 252, 255, 313, 334–338, Oldman saltbush, 244 352, 356, 364 Organic matter, 52, 62, 67, 91, 98–100, 120, Land use change, 5, 68, 165, 171, 206, 312 129, 134, 139, 165, 170, 172, 173, 177, Lebanon, 131, 134, 137, 139 194, 195, 199–202, 211–212, 214, 224, Legislation, 10, 19, 24, 25, 53, 302, 338 225, 236, 253, 267, 336, 366–368, 370, Leptosols, 8, 35, 128, 130–131, 134, 135, 372, 377 137, 139 Ottoman Empire, 260, 271, 274 Linen, 268–270, 272, 281 Overgrazing, 19, 90, 139, 148, 149, 157–159, Linthitic horizon, 215 245 Luvisols, 35, 127, 128, 131, 134, 135, 137–139, Ownership, 10, 247, 255, 288 168, 169, 171, 172, 236 P M Paddy Malaysia, 285–291 cultivation culture, 351 Management, 2, 5, 10, 18, 24, 27, 38, 39, 45, history, 213 48, 55, 59, 60, 62–66, 77–79, 82, 98, paddification, 213–214 125–141, 151, 163–165, 169–178, 184, soil chronosequences, 221–223 202, 209, 215, 221, 223, 244, 250, 251, soils, 206, 207, 210–215, 217–221, 223, 254, 270, 281, 288, 291, 313, 314, 330, 225–238 333–349, 351–362, 364, 385, 397, Palaeo 400, 401 environment, 253 Marrakech, 133, 244–247, 255 micro-topography, 186 Mediterranean, 2, 5, 7, 10, 23, 25, 26, 32, morphology, 183, 186 37, 55, 59, 62, 63, 89, 114–120, Palaeolithic, 155–156 414 Index Palestine, 60, 61, 63, 65–67, 80, 82, 85–88, 92, Satoyama, 48, 354–361 98, 99, 101, 103, 106, 108, 111, 114, Satsneferru, 268–269 115, 121, 260 Settlements Pastureland, 146, 148, 157–158, 247 civil, 145, 149–150, 159 Pedogenic industrial, 145, 149–150, 159 features, 235 Seyhan basin, 2, 3, 5–18, 22, 23, 38, 40–43, iron, 221–223 45–47, 313 manganese, 221–223 Seyhan dam, 267, 314, 319 Percogenic horizon, 215, 238 Shifting agriculture, 285–291 Petrocalcic Palexeralfs, 190 Silk, 270, 272 Phaeozem, 132, 134, 135, 139, 171, 237 Socio-economy, 10 Phoenicians, 278–279 Soil Phosphate extractable organic nitrogen classification, 207–209, 233, 234, 236 (PEON), 367–368, 371, 372, 377 cover, runoff and erosion, 81–82, 91, Piri Reis, 266 98–100 Post-cultivation succession, 363–377 degradation, 36, 51, 52, 139–140, 154, 163, Project 164, 398, 399 implementation, 397 description, 208 preparation, 140, 353 development, 128, 163, 164, 223, 232 strategy map, 392, 393 erosion, 55, 57–123, 134, 154, 165, 173, Projected impact, 311–330 177, 180, 244, 247, 253, 342 Pyramos, 259, 261, 267, 279 organic matter, 67, 91, 98–100, 120, 194, 200, 201, 211–212, 253, Q 367–368 Quantification of carbon, 38–41 organic nitrogen, 365 Quantification of degradation, 406 protection, 11, 51–53, 55, 56, 101, 122, 139–141 R quality, 164, 168, 253, 363–377, 401 Rainfall, throughfall and stemflow, 71 resources, 140, 154 Reconstructing the past, 363–377 scape, 51 Redoximorphic features, 205, 218, 226–227, Soil units (WRB) 229, 230, 236, 238 Calcic, 134 Regenerating biodiversity, 363–377 Chromic, 134 Regosol, 128, 137–139, 171, 173, 174, 236 Gleyic, 134 Resources Haplic, 131 non-renewable, 24, 287, 289 Leptic, 134 Rhizosphere, 365–367, 370–373, 375 Luvic, 134 Risk assessment, 293–309 Mollic, 131 Roman Pachic, 134 age, 155–156 Siltic, 134 mining, 293–309 Skeletic, 134 terraces, 131 Solonchak, 132–134 Root zone, 121, 201, 365–368, 372–375, 377 Solonetz, 132–134 Runoff and sediment discharge, 65, 72, 86 Vertic, 134 Spain, 129, 131–139, 171, 193–202, S 293–309 Sahel, 333–349 Spatial data, 289–291 Saline intrusion, 133, 314 Spinnable fibres, 269–270 Sarawak, 285–291 Stewardship, 288, 291 Sardinia, 179–191, 260 Stone quarrying, 151–152 Saros, 259, 261, 267 Sub-microscopy, 367 Sassari, 244 Suido, 352–361 Index 415 Sustainability strategy, 392–398 V Sustainable Vertisols, 8, 32, 128, 131–132, 135, 136, 138 soil, 140, 333–349 Vineyard, 20, 21, 35, 55, 136, 137, 154, 155, use, 20, 43, 44, 48, 125–141, 357 180, 184, 185, 187, 189, 190 water management, 333–349, 360 Swot analysis, 10, 20, 394 W Sylvi-agro-pastoral watershed, 64–65 Wakf, 266 Syria, 131, 134, 135, 137, 139 Waste disposal, 145, 152–153, 159 Watersheds, 59–61, 64–66, 68, 71–73, 75, 76, T 78, 79, 103, 106, 119, 121, 122, 171, Taiwan, 205–238 174, 175 Taurus mountains, 260, 267, 270, 281, 315 Water stable aggregates (WSA), 366, 367, Terracing mountain, 153–155, 159 370–377 Terra rossa, 127, 128, 137 Weed rhizospheres, 365, 370–373 Tomatoes, 132, 267, 282, 283 Weeds, 287, 336, 364–369, 372 Traditional economic growth theory, 382–385 Western Balkans, 131, 134 Turkey, 2, 5, 10, 19, 44, 60, 64–65, 68, 70, 73, World Reference Base (WRB), 127, 128, 154, 75–77, 103, 104, 119, 122, 129, 179, 180, 187, 209, 215, 236, 237 131–139, 274, 277, 280, 282, 313, 314, WSA.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Mediterranean Soils - Willy Verheye, Diego De La Rosa
    LAND USE, LAND COVER AND SOIL SCIENCES – Vol. VII – Mediterranean Soils - Willy Verheye, Diego de la Rosa MEDITERRANEAN SOILS Willy Verheye National Science Foundation Flanders/Belgium and Geography Department, University Gent, Belgium Diego de la Rosa Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Scientificas, Sevilla, Spain Keywords: Calcium carbonate, decalcification, Luvisol, Mediterranean, pedogenesis, soil classification, Terra Rossa, Xeralf, xeric moisture regime Contents 1. Introduction 2. Soil Forming Factors 2.1 Climate 2.2 Parent Material 2.3 Time 2.4 Topography 2.5 Biological Activity and Man 3. Pedogenesis and Profile Development 3.1 Pedogenesis on Carbonaceous Rocks 3.2 Pedogenesis on Non-Carbonaceous Rocks 4. Classification 4.1. USDA Soil Taxonomy 4.2 World Soil Reference Base for Soil Resources 4.3 French CPCS Classification 5. Land Use and Production Potential 5.1 Crop Production 5.2 Extensive Grazing Acknowledgements Glossary Bibliography BiographicalUNESCO Sketches – EOLSS Summary Mediterranean SAMPLEsoils are soils which form underCHAPTERS a Mediterranean climate. They are variously called Terra Rossa (on hard limestone) and Red Mediterranean Soils. Not all soils in a Mediterranean environment are, however, qualified as such because normal pedogenetic development may be hampered by erosion (rejuvenation of the profile), lack of time, and lack of water or unfavorable parent material characteristics. The impact of climate, topography, parent material (mineralogical composition, coherence and permeability), time and human influence as soil forming factors is discussed. Pedogenesis is reviewed and three phases in a color sequence are recognized, ©Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS) LAND USE, LAND COVER AND SOIL SCIENCES – Vol. VII – Mediterranean Soils - Willy Verheye, Diego de la Rosa with a major focus on soils developed over carbonaceous substrata.
    [Show full text]
  • Terra Rossa in the Mediterranean Region: Parent Materials, Composition and Origin
    Geologia Croatica 56/1 83–100 23 Figs. 6 Tabs. ZAGREB 2003 Terra Rossa in the Mediterranean Region: Parent Materials, Composition and Origin Goran DURN Key words: Terra rossa, Parent materials, Composi- relict soil formed during the Tertiary and/or hot and humid periods of the Quaternary. However, some recent investigation in the Atlantic tion, Origin, Mediterranean region. coastal region of Morocco (BRONGER & SEDOV, 2002) show that at least some terra rossa previously referred to as polygenetic relict soils should be regarded as Vetusols. In some isolated karst terrain, terra Abstract rossa may have formed exclusively from the insoluble residue of lime- In the past, the term “terra rossa” became quite a common indication stone and dolomite but much more often it comprises a span of parent for all limestone derived red soils in the Mediterranean region. Today, materials including, for example, aaeolian dust, volcanic material or in some classification systems based on the Mediterranean climate as sedimentary clastic rocks which were derived on carbonate terrain via the major soil differentiating criterion, the term terra rossa is used as a different transport mechanisms. BOERO & SCHWERTMANN (1989) name for the soil subclass “Modal Fersiallitic Red soil” when situated concluded that it is of little relevance for the process of rubification on limestones (DUCHAUFOUR, 1982). However, several national whether the primary Fe sources are autochthonous or allochthonous as soil classifications (e.g. Croatian, Italian, Israeli) retained the term long as the general pedoenvironment remains essentially suitable for “terra rossa” for the hard limestone derived red soils. The nature and the formation of terra rossa.
    [Show full text]
  • Further Notes on Terra Rossa and Related Soils Near Kfar Hahoresh Archaeological Site, Israel
    Further notes on terra rossa and related soils near Kfar HaHoresh archaeological site, Israel Tsatskin A., Gendler T.S. in Zdruli P. (ed.), Steduto P. (ed.), Kapur S. (ed.). 7. International meeting on Soils with Mediterranean Type of Climate (selected papers) Bari : CIHEAM Options Méditerranéennes : Série A. Séminaires Méditerranéens; n. 50 2002 pages 109-120 Article available on line / Article disponible en ligne à l’adresse : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- http://om.ciheam.org/article.php?IDPDF=4002024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- To cite this article / Pour citer cet article -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tsatskin A., Gendler T.S. Further notes on terra rossa and related soils near Kfar HaHoresh archaeological site, Israel. In : Zdruli P. (ed.), Steduto P. (ed.), Kapur S. (ed.). 7. International meeting on Soils with Mediterranean Type of Climate (selected papers). Bari : CIHEAM, 2002. p. 109-120 (Options Méditerranéennes : Série A. Séminaires Méditerranéens; n. 50) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [Show full text]
  • List M - Soils - German and French Equivalents of English Terms
    LIST M - SOILS - GERMAN AND FRENCH EQUIVALENTS OF ENGLISH TERMS AMERICAN GERMAN FRENCH AMERICAN GERMAN FRENCH Acrisols Acrisol Sol-mediterraneen Gray podzolic soils Podsolierter grauer Podzol Albolls Boden Alfisols Gray warp soils Paternia Sol-peu-evolue or Alluvial soils Auen-Boden Sol-d’alluvions Sol-d’alluvions Alpine meadow soils Alpiner Wiesen- Sol-hydromorphe Gray wooded soils boden Ground-water podzols Gley-Podsol Podzol Andepts Ground-water Grundwasser- Laterite Andosols Andosol Sol-peu-evolue laterite soils Laterite roche- Grumosols Grumosol Vertisol volcanique Half bog soils Anmoor Tourbe Aqualfs Halomorphic soils Salz-Boden Sol-halomorphe Aquents Halosols Halosols Sal-halomorphe Aquepts Hemists Aquods High moor Hochmoor Tourbe Aquolls Histosols Aquox Humic gley soils Humus Gley Boden Aquults Sol-humique-a-gley Arctic tundra soils Arktische Tundra Sol-de-toundra Humic soils Humus-reiche- Sol-riche-en- Boden Boden humus Arenosols Arenosol Sol-brut sable Humods Arents Hydromorphic soils Hydromorpher- Sol-hydro- Argids Boden morphique Aridisols Inceptisols Azonal soils Roh-Boden Sol-brut Intrazonal soils Intrazonaler Boden Sol Black earth use Schwarzerde Chernozem Kastanozems Chernozems Krasnozems Krasnozem Krasnozem Bog soils Moorboden Tourbe laterites Laterit-Boden Sol-lateritique Boreal frozen taiga Sol-gele Latosols Latosol Sol-ferralitique soils Lithosols Gesteins-roh-Boden Sol-squelettique Boreal taiga and Sol Low-humic gley soils forest soils Luvisols Luvisols Sol lessivage Brown desert steppe Burozem Sierozem Mediterranean
    [Show full text]
  • Distribution of Rare Earth Elements in Sediments of the Marine Lake Mir (Dugi Otok, Croatia)
    geosciences Article Distribution of Rare Earth Elements in Sediments of the Marine Lake Mir (Dugi Otok, Croatia) Željka Fiket * ID , Marina Mlakar and Goran Kniewald Rudjer Boškovi´cInstitute, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Bijeniˇcka54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia; [email protected] (M.M.); [email protected] (G.K.) * Correspondence: zeljka.fi[email protected]; Tel. +385-1-456-1036; Fax.: +385-1-468-242 Received: 6 July 2018; Accepted: 7 August 2018; Published: 10 August 2018 Abstract: The Lake Mir represents a small, isolated, and shallow marine lake situated in the south-eastern part of the Dugi otok Island, in a karstic landscape of the eastern Adriatic coast. The surrounding karstic background, with occasional occurrences of red soil, characterizes the sediments in the lake as coarse grained and carbonate rich. Previous studies suggested the prevailing influence of the lake bathymetry, that is, the proportion of carbonates and grain size characteristics of the sediments, on the variability of the element composition of the lake sediments. To confirm previous assumptions and obtain a better understanding of the factors influencing sediment composition of this marine lake, the distribution of rare earth elements in sediments of the Lake Mir and the nearby Telaš´cicaBay, as well as surrounding soils, was investigated. In the lake sediments, the sum of rare earth elements, including Y (hereinafter referred as SREY), ranged from 10.6 mg kg−1 to 25.3 mg kg−1; in the Telaš´cicaBay sediments, SREY were higher compared to the lake and ranged from 56.4 mg kg−1 to 85.2 mg kg−1, while the highest SREY, from 83.3 mg kg−1 to 227 mg kg−1, were observed in soils surrounding the lake.
    [Show full text]
  • Bulk and Clay Mineral Composition Indicate Origin of Terra Rossa Soils in Western Herzegovina 
    Geologia Croatica 67/3 171–183 10 Figs. 8 Tabs. Zagreb 2014 Bulk and clay mineral composition indicate origin of terra rossa soils in Western Herzegovina 1Goran Durn, 2Radica Ćorić, 1Neven Tadej, 1Uroš Barudžija, 3Vedran Rubinić and 3Stjepan Husnjak 1 Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia 2 Faculty of Agriculture and Food Technology, University of Mostar, Biskupa Čule bb, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina 3 Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska 25, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia doi: 10.4154/gc.2014.13 GeologiaGeologia CroaticaCroatica AB STRA CT The B horizons of terra rossa soils developed on three different carbonate lithologies having variable insoluble resi- due contents were studied in Western Herzegovina. Comparison of their composition and properties illustrates to what extent the mineral, (especially clay mineral assemblage) and particle size distribution of those horizons and the insoluble residue of the underlying carbonate rocks can be used as indicators of the polygenetic nature of terra rossa in this region. Terra rossa B horizons have characteristic red colours, neutral to slightly acid pH, high base sat- uration with calcium as the predominant cation and high CIA (Chemical Index of Alteration). The CIA values ob- tained are generally in accordance with mineral composition and particle size distribution of the analysed B horizons. The predominant clay mineral phases in B horizons and related insoluble residues match. Kaolinite is the predomi- nant clay mineral phase in the B horizons overlying carbonate rocks containing low amounts of insoluble residue, while smectite predominates in calcarenites areas with a high insoluble residue content.
    [Show full text]
  • Development of a Terra Rossa Soil Profile on Marbles of the Cambrian Normanville Group at Delamere
    Contents Summary………………………………………………………………………………… Page 2 Introduction……………………………………………………………………………... Page 2 Geology & Landscape…………………………………………………………………... Page 4 Methods………………………………………………………………………………….. Page 4 Results……………………………………………………………………………………. Page 6 Morphological analysis Particle size analysis Mineralogical analysis Coarse particle morphology and elemental chemistry Discussion………………………………………………………………………………... Page 10 Micromorphology Particle size distribution and chemistry Clay and silt mineralogy Coarse particle morphology and elemental chemistry Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………….. Page 14 References………………………………………………………………………………... Page 14 Tables…………………………………………………………………………………….. Page 17 Table 1 – Properties of the fine earth and insoluble residue Table 2 – X-ray fractionation data for trace element analysis Table 3 – X-ray fractionation data for major element analysis Table 4 – FESEM mineralogy counts of 125-2000µm fraction Figure Captions………………………………………………………………………….. Page 23 1 Development of a Terra Rossa soil profile on marbles of the Cambrian Normanville Group at Delamere, South Australia J. FOSTER Department of Geology and Geophysics, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Adelaide University, Adelaide SA 5005 Summary The genesis of Terra Rossa soils is still a matter of controversy. The two leading theories are: (1) that the soil is derived from the insoluble residue of the underlying limestone; or, (2) that contributions from some outside source account for large portions of the soil. Through morphological,
    [Show full text]
  • Soil Contamination Compositional Index a New Approach to Quantify
    Applied Geochemistry 96 (2018) 264–276 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Applied Geochemistry journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/apgeochem Soil contamination compositional index: A new approach to quantify contamination demonstrated by assessing compositional source patterns of T potentially toxic elements in the Campania Region (Italy) ∗ Attila Petrika, , Matar Thiombanea, Annamaria Limaa, Stefano Albanesea, Jamie T. Buscherb,c, Benedetto De Vivod,e a Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia snc, 80126, Naples, Italy b Andean Geothermal Center of Excellence (CEGA), Universidad de Chile, Plaza Ercilla 803, Santiago, Chile c Department of Geology, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Plaza Ercilla 803, Santiago, Chile d Pegaso University, Piazza Trieste e Trento 48, 80132 Napoli, Italy e Benecon Scarl, Dipartimento Ambiente e Territorio, Via S. Maria di Costantinopoli 104, 80138 Napoli, Italy ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Editorial handling by C. Reimann Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) are a major worldwide threat to the environment due to the constant global Keywords: increase in industrial activity and urbanisation. Several studies have provided detailed maps and a better un- Campania region (Italy) derstanding of the spatial distribution patterns of PTEs in different matrices, but the majority of these studies Potentially toxic elements have simply neglected the compositional nature of geochemical data. The aims of this study are to reveal the Spatial abundance compositional behaviour and relative structure of 15 PTEs (subcomposition) in Campania, one of the most Source discrimination contaminated regions in Italy, and to quantify the spatial abundance and identify the possible origins of these Soil contamination compositional index PTEs.
    [Show full text]
  • Mineralogy of Selected Soils from Guam
    Mineralogy of Selected Soils from Guam GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 403-F Mineralogy of Selected Soils from Guam By DOROTHY CARROLL and JOHN C. HATHAWAY with a section on DESCRIPTION OF SOIL PROFILES By CARL H. STENSLAND GEOLOGY AND HYDROLOGY OF GUAM, MARIANA ISLANDS GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 403-F A mineralogical study of selected soil samples of Guam, including data on chemical composition, grain-size distribution, and comparison with other areas, as well as a description of soil profiles UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1963 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STEWART L. UDALL, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas B. Nolan, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.G., 20402 CONTENTS Page Page Abstract____________________________ Fl Soil genesis Continued Introduction __________________________ 1 Evidence from chemical composition Continued Outline of geology_-------_---_---_--_- 2 Soils on volcanic parent rocks Continued Ferric oxide____________________________ F28 Soils of Guam_________-___-_-_---_--_- 3 Titania__ _____________________ 28 Methods of examination._______________ 4 Water. ________________________________ 29 Mechanical analysis______________ 4 Soils on limestones__________________________ 29 Chemical analysis________________ 5 Silica__________________________ 29 Mineralogical analysis ____________ 5 Alumina,_ _____________________________ 30 Results of analyses___________________ 7 Ferric oxide____________________________
    [Show full text]
  • Soil and Water Management in Vineyards”
    Sustainable Viticultural Production OOppttiimmiissiinngg SSooiill RReessoouurrcceess Project CRS 95/1 Compiled by Alfred Cass Final Report to Grape and Wine Research and Development Corporation Alfred Cass & Associates VITICULTURAL SOIL & WATER TECHNOLOGIES January 2002 Executive Summary Sustainable Viticultural Production: Optimising Soil Resources (CRS 95/1) The aims of Project CRS 95/1 were, briefly, to: 1. Develop and test a set of soil sustainability criteria relating to vine performance. 2. Describe soil constraints to vine performance for Australian soils. 3. Analyse appropriate soil data and evaluate against soil indicators of sustainability. 4. Group soil types with similar constraints and develop management systems for each. 5. Disseminate information via field days, seminars, technical articles and scientific papers. 6. Produce a comprehensive field manual on soil types and soil management. Soil and viticultural scientific and industry literature was reviewed to develop a comprehensive overview of the role of soil in grape production. The review focuses on how soil physical and chemical properties affect vine root growth. The mechanics of root growth are discussed in detail. Soil sustainability indexes are defined as an aid to guide to selecting, developing and managing viticultural soils. The soil properties and management factors included in these indexes are: soil profile texture forms, available water, soil aeration, internal drainage status, soil strength, soil salinity and sodicity, soil chemical status, soil nutrient status, irrigation water chemistry, gypsum indicators, lime indicators and compost quality criteria. Field trials were established in South Australia on new and established vineyards on several important soils with the aim of monitoring the adverse effects of some soil properties on vine performance.
    [Show full text]
  • Bulletin of the International Union of Soil Sciences (IUSS) | June 2015
    IUSS Bulletin Bulletin of the International Union of Soil Sciences (IUSS) | June 2015 126 112 International Union of Soil Sciences (IUSS) The IUSS Bulletin is the official Newsletter of the International Union of Soil Sciences. It is freely distributed through the IUSS website. All contributions are welcome and should be sent to [email protected]. The IUSS is on LinkedIn and Facebook. Secretary: Sigbert Huber Secretariat of International Union of Soil Sciences T: +43-(0)1-313 04/3670 M: +43-(0) 664 80013 3670 F: +43-(0)1-313 04/3533 [email protected] Spittelauer Lände 5 1090 Wien Austria http://www.iuss.org/ Secretary Sigbert Huber [email protected] President Rainer Horn [email protected] President-elect Rattan Lal [email protected] Past President Jae Yang [email protected] Vice President Congress Flavio Camargo [email protected] Treasurer Andreas Baumgarten [email protected] Division 1 Erika Micheli [email protected] Division 2 Kazuyuki Inubushi [email protected] Division 3 Takashi Kosaki [email protected] Division 4 Christian Feller [email protected] Budgets & Finance Stephen Nortcliff [email protected] Awards Mary-Beth Kirkham [email protected] Statutes & Byelaws Don Sparks [email protected] Presidential elections Roger Swift [email protected] ISSN 0374-0447 Copyright IUSS, Vienna, Austria Graphic Design: Daniël Loos, www.bureaucontrapunt.nl 2 IUSS BULLETIN 126 Contents IUSS reports ............................................................................................................................................4 Report from the IUSS Secretariat ..................................................................................................... 4 Report of Division 2: ‘Soil properties and processes’ ........................................................................ 6 Report of Division 4: ‘The Role of Soils in Sustaining Society and the Environment’ .........................
    [Show full text]
  • Genomic Adaptation to Drought in Wild Barley Is Driven by Edaphic Natural Selection at the Tabigha Evolution Slope
    Genomic adaptation to drought in wild barley is driven by edaphic natural selection at the Tabigha Evolution Slope Xiaolei Wanga,1, Zhong-Hua Chena,b,1, Chongyi Yanga, Xuelei Zhanga, Gulei Jina, Guang Chena, Yuanyuan Wanga, Paul Holfordb, Eviatar Nevoc,2, Guoping Zhanga, and Fei Daia,2 aDepartment of Agronomy, Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China; bSchool of Science and Health, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia; and cInstitute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, 34988384 Haifa, Israel Contributed by Eviatar Nevo, April 9, 2018 (sent for review December 14, 2017; reviewed by Su-Sheng Gan, Patrick Hayes, and Jianzhong Wu) Ecological divergence at a microsite suggests adaptive evolution, water deficit, which are often accompanied by high temperatures, and this study examined two abutting wild barley populations, poor nutrient uptake, and aggravated soil salinity stress (9). Thus, each 100 m across, differentially adapted to drought tolerance on typical features enabling drought tolerance of plants include, but two contrasting soil types, Terra Rossa and basalt at the Tabigha are not limited to, deep and large root systems, thick and complex Evolution Slope, Israel. We resequenced the genomes of seven and cuticular waxes, efficient stomatal regulation, and regulation of six wild barley genotypes inhabiting the Terra Rossa and basalt drought-responsive genes and metabolites (5, 8, 10, 11). As a soils, respectively, and identified a total of 69,192,653 single- relatively drought-tolerant crop for dryland agriculture in many nucleotide variants (SNVs) and insertions/deletions in comparison with countries, several studies aiming to elucidate the mechanisms of a reference barley genome.
    [Show full text]