DOCSLIB.ORG

14 European Symposium for Insect Taste and Olfaction (ESITO

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
14 European Symposium for Insect Taste and Olfaction (ESITO 14th European Symposium for Insect Taste and Olfaction (ESITO) ABSTRACTS September 20-25, 2015 Villasimius (Cagliari – Italy) www.ice.mpg.de/esito Agustina Falibene, Flavio Roces, Wolfgang Rössler Department of Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology, Biozentrum, University of Würzburg, Germany, [email protected] Odor learning in ants: synaptic plasticity associated with long-term avoidance memory formation Long-term behavioral changes related to learning and experience have been shown to be associated with structural remodeling in the brain. Leaf-cutting ants learn to avoid previously preferred plants after those are experienced to be harmful for their symbiotic fungus, a process that involves long-term olfactory memory. We studied the dynamics of brain microarchitectural changes after long-term olfactory memory formation following avoidance learning in Acromyrmex ambiguus. Quantification of synaptic complexes (microglomeruli, MG) in olfactory regions of the mushroom bodies (MB) at different times after learning revealed a transient change in MG densities. Two days after learning, lip MG density was higher than before learning. At days 4 and 15 after learning – when ants still showed plant avoidance – MG densities had decreased to the initial state. Changes were observed in the lip but not in the visual collar in which MG densities remained unaffected. Furthermore, enriched experience such as the simultaneous collection of several, instead of one, non-harmful plant species resulted in a decrease in MG densities (pruning). The results indicate that learning and sensory experience affect the synaptic architecture of the MB calyces via different processes. While sensory experience leads to MG pruning in the MB olfactory lip, long-term memory formation appears to involve growth of new MG followed by the elimination of others. Supported by DAAD (A/11/76441) and DFG SFB 1047 Insect timing (projects B6 and C1). Ahmed A. M. Mohamed, Tom Retzke, Markus Knaden, Bill S. Hansson & Silke Sachse Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany, [email protected] To go or not to go? Olfactory processing of odor features: Good vs. Bad Natural olfactory stimuli are mainly composed of complex blends of volatiles, which might be mixtures of attractive and aversive odors. The identities and ratios of these odor components need to be evaluated by the fly to decide whether the odor mixture is still attractive or has shifted to an aversive stimulus. Despite this importance, the mechanism by which the olfactory system processes and integrates this complex information remains so far unclear. By combining behavioral experiments - using the FlyWalk - with neurophysiological experiments - using functional calcium imaging at different processing levels of the fly brain - we aim at understanding how and where the information about odor valence, i.e. attractive and aversive odors, is encoded and ultimately integrated along the olfactory pathway. The first results of the behavioral assay show that Drosophila adults behave differently when they are faced to different ratios of odor mixtures of attractive and aversive odors. The flies are strongly attracted to a mixture of an attractive food odor (ethyl acetate) and a well- known fly repellent (benzaldehyde) when the attractive odor occurs at high concentration. However, if the concentration of the attractive odor is decreased, the flies get less attracted, i.e. the aversive odor suddenly dominates the mixture. Remarkably, our imaging results show that this integration of attractive and aversive odors seem to take place already at the output level of the antennal lobe, i.e. at the level of the projection neurons. We are planning to silence different populations of LNs to identify those 2 neurons that are evoking mixture interactions and therefore mediating the integration of odors with opposing valences. Alexander Haverkamp, Julia Bing, Bill S. Hansson, Markus Knaden Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Department of evolutionary Neuroethology, [email protected] Optimal foraging by smell The intimate relationship between sphingid moths and the flowers they pollinate is a long standing model system for insect-plant coevolution. Pollinator shifts and pollinator preferences have been argued as the main forces driving this coadaptation; however the preference of hawkmoths for flowers with a matching corolla still remains controversial. The hawkmoth Manduca sexta visits a variety of night-blooming flowers. While foraging, it relies mainly on olfactory information and a preference for flowers emitting aromatic compounds and terpenes has been demonstrated. First, we used the close relationship between Manduca and different plant species within the Nicotiana genus to test for a relationship between olfactory preference and the match of proboscis and flower length. 3-d flight tracking of moths entering a well characterized flower odor plume revealed significantly higher upwind speeds and more source contacts when the headspace of matching flowers was presented, indicating that the olfactory preference of Manduca relates to the match of proboscis and flower. We next tested whether the moth gains an advantage from foraging on matching flowers. Hawkmoths feed “on the wing” - making energetic costs an important factor of foraging. We balanced flower-handling costs measured by respirometry against the energy provided by floral nectar. The net energy gain was indeed highest for moths foraging on matching flowers. Hence, olfactory information enables moths to predict foraging outcomes and strengthens the coadaptation of pollinator and flower. Anthi A. Apostolopoulou, Saskia Köhn, Michael Lutz, Alexander Wüst, Lorena Mazija, Anna Rist, Giovanni Galizia, Alja Lüdke and Andreas S. Thum University of Konstanz, Department of Biology, Konstanz, Germany, andreas.thum@uni- konstanz.de The neuronal and molecular basis of caffeine taste signaling in Drosophila larvae Caffeine is a widely consumed substance for humans, which strongly affects behaviour. Yet, for humans and animals the molecular and neuronal background underlying caffeine perception and processing is not entirely understood. Here, we use Drosophila larva as a simple system to investigate caffeine information processing. In larvae, consumption of caffeine induces avoidance behaviour, suppresses feeding and decreases survival but, does not reinforce aversive odour associations. Only 12 gustatory neuron pairs co-express the bitter receptors Gr33a and Gr66a and these neurons are necessary for avoidance behaviour. We found that individual receptor gene mutants for these two genes show partially reduced caffeine avoidance. Performing a neuronal screen to pinpoint total loss of caffeine avoidance to single gustatory bitter neurons out of the Gr33a/Gr66a set identified a single Gr93a positive pair of dorsal pharyngeal sensilla that responded to caffeine. Likewise, Gr93a receptor gene function is necessary for caffeine avoidance. In conclusion, our data suggests that the detection of caffeine is encoded using a dedicated sensory channel for bitter sensation involving Gr93a. This finding opens new avenues to investigate how caffeine 3 affects behaviour by separating stimulation of the sensory system from internal brain functions. Andy Sombke, Elisabeth Lipke University of Greifswald; Zoological Institute and Museum; Dept. for Cytology and Evolutionary Biology, Germany, [email protected] Visualizing the antennal lobe using X-Ray microscopy – a new approach in arthropod neuroanatomy Traditionally, arthropod neuroanatomy is explored by methods such as classical histology or immunohistochemistry combined with fluorescence- or confocal laser scan microscopy. However, these methods are time consuming, prone to artifacts, and often require extensive sample preparations to obtain desired information. Furthermore, as a consequence of e.g., dissection or sectioning of the nervous system, or parts of it, information on the natural coherence is usually missing. Non-destructive approaches such as micro-computed X-ray tomography (µCT) overcome these limitations and have been shown to be a valuable tool in understanding and visualizing internal anatomy and structural complexity of a variety of studied taxa, including arthropods. Nevertheless, only little is known about the usability of this method for analyzing the architecture and organization of the arthropod nervous system. We analyzed the brains in representatives of several arthropod taxa and compare our results to previously obtained histological and immunohistochemical data. Our data show that the resolution obtained by µCT is sufficient to (1) analyze the overall organization as close to their natural state as possible, (2) distinguish specific neuropils, such as olfactory glomeruli of the antennal lobes, and (3) obtain quantitative data. Moreover, we compare and discuss limitations, as well the influence of staining and preliminary sample preparation procedures. Aniruddha Mitra and Frédéric Marion-Poll Laboratoire Evolution, Genomes, Comportement, Ecologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif sur Yvette, France, [email protected] Volatile odorants activate taste neurons on the proboscis of Drosophila Taste and smell share the same function: detecting chemicals from the external world. Despite this common functionality, both systems are designed very differently both at the level of the sensory receptors and in the way information is mapped into the brain.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Functional Properties of Insect Olfactory Receptors: Ionotropic Receptors and Odorant Receptors
    Cell and Tissue Research (2021) 383:7–19 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-020-03363-x REVIEW Functional properties of insect olfactory receptors: ionotropic receptors and odorant receptors Dieter Wicher1 · Fabio Miazzi2 Received: 14 August 2020 / Accepted: 19 November 2020 / Published online: 27 January 2021 © The Author(s) 2021 Abstract The majority of insect olfactory receptors belong to two distinct protein families, the ionotropic receptors (IRs), which are related to the ionotropic glutamate receptor family, and the odorant receptors (ORs), which evolved from the gustatory recep- tor family. Both receptor types assemble to heteromeric ligand-gated cation channels composed of odor-specifc receptor proteins and co-receptor proteins. We here present in short the current view on evolution, function, and regulation of IRs and ORs. Special attention is given on how their functional properties can meet the environmental and ecological challenges an insect has to face. Keywords Insect olfaction · Ionotropic receptor · Odorant receptor · Ion channel · Olfactory sensory neuron · Signal transduction · Sensitization · Adaptation Introduction receptors (IRs). The frst members of the OR family were discovered two decades ago (Clyne et al. 1999; Gao and The olfactory system is dedicated to detect and to encode Chess 1999; Vosshall et al. 1999), whereas the IRs that are information from volatile chemical signals. Such signals can related to ionotropic glutamate receptors were frst reported be categorized according to the information they transfer. ten years later (Benton et al. 2009). For example, chemosignals involved in social communica- While ORs solely detect volatile chemosignals, IRs tion may be informative solely for the receiver as an olfac- are multimodal receptive entities (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Altered Functional Properties of the Codling Moth Orco Mutagenized in the Intracellular Loop‑3 Yuriy V
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Altered functional properties of the codling moth Orco mutagenized in the intracellular loop‑3 Yuriy V. Bobkov1, William B. Walker III2 & Alberto Maria Cattaneo1,2* Amino acid substitutions within the conserved polypeptide sequence of the insect olfactory receptor co‑receptor (Orco) have been demonstrated to infuence its pharmacological properties. By sequence analysis and phylogenetic investigation, in the Lepidopteran subgroup Ditrysia we identifed a fxed substitution in the intracellular loop‑3 (ICL‑3) of a conserved histidine to glutamine. By means of HEK293 cells as a heterologous system, we functionally expressed Orco from the Ditrysian model Cydia pomonella (CpomOrco) and compared its functional properties with a site‑directed mutagenized version where this ICL‑3‑glutamine was reverted to histidine (CpomOrcoQ417H). The mutagenized CpomOrcoQ417H displayed decreased responsiveness to VUAA1 and reduced response efcacy to an odorant agonist was observed, when co‑transfected with the respective OR subunit. Evidence of reduced responsiveness and sensitivity to ligands for the mutagenized Orco suggest the fxed glutamine substitution to be optimized for functionality of the cation channel within Ditrysia. In addition, contrary to the wild type, the mutagenized CpomOrcoQ417H preserved characteristics of VUAA‑binding when physiologic conditions turned to acidic. Taken together, our fndings provide further evidence of the importance of ICL‑3 in forming basic functional properties of insect Orco‑ and Orco/OR‑channels, and suggest involvement of ICL‑3 in the potential functional adaptation of Ditrysian Orcos to acidifed extra‑/intracellular environment. Te odorant receptor co-receptor, Orco, is a unique transmembrane protein, expressed in most of the olfac- tory sensory neurons (OSNs) of insect antennae1–3 and is highly conserved in sequence and function across all insects4,5.
    [Show full text]
  • Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Drosophila Suzukii: a Landscape Perspective
    UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI PADOVA Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE) DOCTORAL COURSE IN CROP SCIENCE XXX CYCLE Spatio-temporal dynamics of Drosophila suzukii: A landscape perspective Director of the Course: Ch.mo Prof. Sergio Casella Supervisor: Dott. Lorenzo Marini PhD Student: Giacomo Santoiemma Academic Year 2016/2017 2 Declaration I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another person nor material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma of the university or other institute of higher learning, except where due acknowledgment has been made in the text. Legnaro, 30 October 2017 Giacomo Santoiemma A copy of the thesis will be available at http://paduaresearch.cab.unipd.it/ Dichiarazione Con la presente affermo che questa tesi è frutto del mio lavoro e che, per quanto io ne sia a conoscenza, non contiene materiale precedentemente pubblicato o scritto da un'altra persona né materiale che è stato utilizzato per l’ottenimento di qualunque altro titolo o diploma dell'università o altro istituto di apprendimento, a eccezione del caso in cui ciò venga riconosciuto nel testo. Legnaro, 30 Ottobre 2017 Giacomo Santoiemma Una copia della tesi sarà disponibile presso http://paduaresearch.cab.unipd.it/ 3 4 Table of contents Summary ...............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Visions & Reflections on the Origin of Smell: Odorant Receptors in Insects
    Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 63 (2006) 1579–1585 1420-682X/06/141579-7 DOI 10.1007/s00018-006-6130-7 Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences © Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel, 2006 Visions & Reflections On the ORigin of smell: odorant receptors in insects R. Benton Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, Box 63, New York, New York 10021 (USA), Fax: +1 212 327 7238, e-mail: [email protected] Received 23 March 2006; accepted 28 April 2006 Online First 19 June 2006 Abstract. Olfaction, the sense of smell, depends on large, suggested that odours are perceived by a conserved mecha- divergent families of odorant receptors that detect odour nism. Here I review recent revelations of significant struc- stimuli in the nose and transform them into patterns of neu- tural and functional differences between the Drosophila ronal activity that are recognised in the brain. The olfactory and mammalian odorant receptor proteins and discuss the circuits in mammals and insects display striking similarities implications for our understanding of the evolutionary and in their sensory physiology and neuroanatomy, which has molecular biology of the insect odorant receptors. Keywords. Olfaction, odorant receptor, signal transduction, GPCR, neuron, insect, mammal, evolution. Olfaction: the basics characterised by the presence of seven membrane-span- ning segments with an extracellular N terminus. OR pro- Olfaction is used by most animals to extract vital infor- teins are exposed to odours on the ciliated endings of olf- mation from volatile chemicals in the environment, such actory sensory neuron (OSN) dendrites in the olfactory as the presence of food or predators.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Chemoreceptor Evolution in Behavioral Change Cande, Prud’Homme and Gompel 153
    Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Smells like evolution: the role of chemoreceptor evolution in behavioral change Jessica Cande, Benjamin Prud’homme and Nicolas Gompel In contrast to physiology and morphology, our understanding success. How an organism interacts with its environment of how behaviors evolve is limited.This is a challenging task, as can be divided into three parts: first, the sensory percep- it involves the identification of both the underlying genetic tion of diverse auditory, visual, tactile, chemosensory or basis and the resultant physiological changes that lead to other cues; second, the processing of this information by behavioral divergence. In this review, we focus on the central nervous system (CNS), leading to a repres- chemosensory systems, mostly in Drosophila, as they are one entation of the sensory signal; and third, a behavioral of the best-characterized components of the nervous system response. Thus, behaviors could evolve either through in model organisms, and evolve rapidly between species. We changes in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) (e.g. examine the hypothesis that changes at the level of [1 ]), or through changes in higher-order neural circuitry chemosensory systems contribute to the diversification of (Figure 1). While the latter remain elusive, recent work behaviors. In particular, we review recent progress in on chemosensation in insects illustrates how the PNS understanding how genetic changes between species affect shapes behavioral evolution. chemosensory systems and translate into divergent behaviors. A major evolutionary trend is the rapid Chemosensation in insects depends on three classes of diversification of the chemoreceptor repertoire among receptors expressed in peripheral neurons housed in species.
    [Show full text]
  • International Conference Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance Programme And
    International Conference Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance Programme and Abstracts Vienna, Austria 8-11 February 2009 Organizing Committee International National Prof. Ray A. Bressan (USA) Prof. Alisher Touraev Prof. Jian-Kang Zhu (USA) Prof. Heribert Hirt Prof. Jen Sheen (USA) Prof. Erwin Heberle-Bors Prof. Kazuo Shinozaki (Japan) Dr. Claudia Jonak Prof. Jaakko Kangasjärvi (Finland) Dr. Markus Teige Prof. Wolf-Rüdiger Scheible (Germany) Ms. Julia Szederkenyi Sponsors and Exhibitors of the Conference 2 PREFACE Dear Colleagues, Welcome to the International Confernce “Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance”! Welcome to Vienna! Vienna is considered one of the most beautiful cities in the world situated in the heart of Europe. Due to its geographic and geopolitical location, Vienna has become a popular conference place in recent years. Today, Vienna offers a range of sights from old historical palaces, classical concerts and outstanding opera performances to typical Viennese coffee houses and restaurants – all brought together in incomparable Viennese harmony. The International and Local Organizing Committees have compiled a well-balanced agenda with state-of-the-art professional highlights and social events to be remembered. The Scientific Program offers a wide range of interesting topics. Top quality presentations will cover the entire range of the disciplines, including basic and applied subject matters. The program is designed to offer professional state-of-the-art information for basic and applied scientists and plant breeders, and intends to bring
    [Show full text]
  • Tuning Insect Odorant Receptors
    PERSPECTIVE published: 05 April 2018 doi: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00094 Tuning Insect Odorant Receptors Dieter Wicher* Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology (MPG), Jena, Germany Among the insect olfactory receptors the odorant receptors (ORs) evolved in parallel to the onset of insect flight. A special property of this receptor type is the capability to adjust sensitivity of odor detection according to previous odor contacts. This article presents a current view on regulatory processes affecting the performance of ORs and proposes a model of mechanisms contributing to OR sensitization. Keywords: chemoreception, olfaction, ionotropic receptor, odorant receptor, receptor kinase, GPCR, intracellular signaling INTRODUCTION The performance of membrane proteins such as ion channels or receptors is dynamically adjusted according to changing physiological requirements. Olfactory receptors have to detect odors in a wide range of concentrations, from faint filaments at larger distance from the source to high concentrated and permanent presence near the source. In mammals, the olfactory receptors for general odors are G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs; Buck and Axel, 1991). For a comparison of vertebrate and insect olfaction see Kaupp(2010), for a recent review of insect olfactory receptors see Fleischer et al.(2018). Three types of receptor proteins detect volatile chemical information in insects. These are odorant receptors (ORs) which are restricted to insects, specific gustatory receptors (GRs) detecting carbon dioxide and receptors related to ionotropic glutamate receptors, called ionotropic receptors (IRs). The ORs evolved in parallel with the onset of insect flight (Missbach et al., 2014). Similar to GPCRs, insect ORs belong to the class of heptahelical transmembrane proteins.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Ω-ACTX-Hv1a/GNA, a Novel Protein Biopesticide Targeting Voltage-Gated Calcium Ion Channels, on Target and Non-Target Arthropod Species
    Effects of ω-ACTX-Hv1a/GNA, a novel protein biopesticide targeting voltage-gated calcium ion channels, on target and non-target arthropod species Erich Yukio Tempel Nakasu Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering – School of Biology July/2014 Abstract An increasing human population is met with the challenge of feeding over 10 billion people by 2050. Nowadays, over 20% of crop production is lost to insect pests. Chemical control agents, in general, present broad-spectrum activity, killing both pests and beneficial organisms that would contribute to production (i.e. pollinators and natural enemies). Previously, the insecticidal voltage-gated calcium channel blocker peptide -ACTX-Hv1a (Hv1a) was linked to the ‘carrier’ molecule snowdrop lectin (GNA). The resulting fusion protein, Hv1a/GNA, is highly toxic towards lepidopteran and coleopteran pests, presenting potential for use as a biopesticide. Here, the fusion protein was shown to also be toxic to the hemipteran pests Sitobion avenae and Myzus persicae, via artificial diet and when expressed in transgenic plants. However, its effects on non-target arthropods have not been previously evaluated. Therefore, toxicity of Hv1a/GNA was tested against two beneficial insects, the parasitoid wasp Eulophus pennicornis via its host, Lacanobia oleracea, and the honeybee Apis mellifera. The fusion protein did not present any significant tri- trophic negative effects on E. pennicornis, even when injected into host larvae. Honeybee survival was slightly affected when fed on high doses of fusion protein representing a ‘worst-case scenario’, but lead to no detectable effects when dosed with field-relevant levels.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Multi-Component Backgrounds of Volatile Plant Compounds on Moth Pheromone Perception
    insects Article Effects of Multi-Component Backgrounds of Volatile Plant Compounds on Moth Pheromone Perception Lucie Conchou, Philippe Lucas, Nina Deisig , Elodie Demondion and Michel Renou * Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, iEES-Paris, INRAE, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, UPEC, Université Paris Diderot, 78026 Versailles, France; [email protected] (L.C.); [email protected] (P.L.); [email protected] (N.D.); [email protected] (E.D.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Simple Summary: It is well acknowledged that some of the volatile plant compounds (VPC) naturally present in insect natural habitats alter the perception of their own pheromone when presented individually as a background to pheromone. However, the effects of mixing VPCs as they appear to insects in natural olfactory landscapes are poorly understood. We measured the activity of brain neurons and neurons that detect a sex pheromone component in a moth antenna, while exposed to simple or composite backgrounds of VPCs representative of the odorant variety encountered by this moth. Maps of activities were built using calcium imaging to visualize which brain areas were most affected by VPCs. In the antenna, we observed differences in VPC capacity to elicit firing response that cannot be explained by differences in stimulus intensities because we adjusted concentrations according to volatility. The neuronal network, which reformats the input from antenna neurons in the brain, did not improve pheromone salience. We postulate that moth olfactory system evolved to increase sensitivity and encode fast changes of concentration at some cost for signal extraction. Citation: Conchou, L.; Lucas, P.; Comparing blends to single compounds indicated that a blend shows the activity of its most active Deisig, N.; Demondion, E.; Renou, M.
    [Show full text]
  • Nespresso and Biodiversity
    Aulacorhynchus Prasinus, Costa Rica Costa Prasinus, Aulacorhynchus NESPRESSO AND BIODIVERSITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE IUCN GUIDELINES FOR PLANNING AND MONITORING CORPORATE BIODIVERSITY PERFORMANCE CONTENTS The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN and Nespresso concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of IUCN and Nespresso. Published by: IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Nespresso, Lausanne, Switzerland. Copyright: © 2021 IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Foreword 3 BACKGROUND 16 Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is Business and biodiversity 17 authorised without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the OVERVIEW 4 Nespresso and biodiversity 18 source is fully acknowledged. Executive summary 7 The IUCN Guidelines for planning and monitoring 20 Recommended biodiversity performance framework 8 Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited Glossary of terms 10 IMPLEMENTING THE IUCN GUIDELINES 22 without prior written permission of the copyright holder. Acronyms 12 Coffee and biodiversity 23 Acknowledgements 14 Assessing the scope and severity of pressures 24 Citation: Stephenson, P.J. and Carbone,
    [Show full text]
  • 9Th International Congress of Dipterology
    9th International Congress of Dipterology Abstracts Volume 25–30 November 2018 Windhoek Namibia Organising Committee: Ashley H. Kirk-Spriggs (Chair) Burgert Muller Mary Kirk-Spriggs Gillian Maggs-Kölling Kenneth Uiseb Seth Eiseb Michael Osae Sunday Ekesi Candice-Lee Lyons Edited by: Ashley H. Kirk-Spriggs Burgert Muller 9th International Congress of Dipterology 25–30 November 2018 Windhoek, Namibia Abstract Volume Edited by: Ashley H. Kirk-Spriggs & Burgert S. Muller Namibian Ministry of Environment and Tourism Organising Committee Ashley H. Kirk-Spriggs (Chair) Burgert Muller Mary Kirk-Spriggs Gillian Maggs-Kölling Kenneth Uiseb Seth Eiseb Michael Osae Sunday Ekesi Candice-Lee Lyons Published by the International Congresses of Dipterology, © 2018. Printed by John Meinert Printers, Windhoek, Namibia. ISBN: 978-1-86847-181-2 Suggested citation: Adams, Z.J. & Pont, A.C. 2018. In celebration of Roger Ward Crosskey (1930–2017) – a life well spent. In: Kirk-Spriggs, A.H. & Muller, B.S., eds, Abstracts volume. 9th International Congress of Dipterology, 25–30 November 2018, Windhoek, Namibia. International Congresses of Dipterology, Windhoek, p. 2. [Abstract]. Front cover image: Tray of micro-pinned flies from the Democratic Republic of Congo (photograph © K. Panne coucke). Cover design: Craig Barlow (previously National Museum, Bloemfontein). Disclaimer: Following recommendations of the various nomenclatorial codes, this volume is not issued for the purposes of the public and scientific record, or for the purposes of taxonomic nomenclature, and as such, is not published in the meaning of the various codes. Thus, any nomenclatural act contained herein (e.g., new combinations, new names, etc.), does not enter biological nomenclature or pre-empt publication in another work.
    [Show full text]
  • Proquest Dissertations
    INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at tfie upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6” x 9” black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. Bell & Howell Information and Learning 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Artx)r, Ml 48106-1346 USA UMI 800-521-0600 Towards a Molecular Analysis of Associative Learning in the Honey Bee, Apis mellifera, via Massed Conditioning and Genetic Transformation DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Kellie Oline Robinson, 8.S.
    [Show full text]