Altered Functional Properties of the Codling Moth Orco Mutagenized in the Intracellular Loop‑3 Yuriy V
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Functional Properties of Insect Olfactory Receptors: Ionotropic Receptors and Odorant Receptors
Cell and Tissue Research (2021) 383:7–19 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-020-03363-x REVIEW Functional properties of insect olfactory receptors: ionotropic receptors and odorant receptors Dieter Wicher1 · Fabio Miazzi2 Received: 14 August 2020 / Accepted: 19 November 2020 / Published online: 27 January 2021 © The Author(s) 2021 Abstract The majority of insect olfactory receptors belong to two distinct protein families, the ionotropic receptors (IRs), which are related to the ionotropic glutamate receptor family, and the odorant receptors (ORs), which evolved from the gustatory recep- tor family. Both receptor types assemble to heteromeric ligand-gated cation channels composed of odor-specifc receptor proteins and co-receptor proteins. We here present in short the current view on evolution, function, and regulation of IRs and ORs. Special attention is given on how their functional properties can meet the environmental and ecological challenges an insect has to face. Keywords Insect olfaction · Ionotropic receptor · Odorant receptor · Ion channel · Olfactory sensory neuron · Signal transduction · Sensitization · Adaptation Introduction receptors (IRs). The frst members of the OR family were discovered two decades ago (Clyne et al. 1999; Gao and The olfactory system is dedicated to detect and to encode Chess 1999; Vosshall et al. 1999), whereas the IRs that are information from volatile chemical signals. Such signals can related to ionotropic glutamate receptors were frst reported be categorized according to the information they transfer. ten years later (Benton et al. 2009). For example, chemosignals involved in social communica- While ORs solely detect volatile chemosignals, IRs tion may be informative solely for the receiver as an olfac- are multimodal receptive entities (Fig. -
Visions & Reflections on the Origin of Smell: Odorant Receptors in Insects
Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 63 (2006) 1579–1585 1420-682X/06/141579-7 DOI 10.1007/s00018-006-6130-7 Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences © Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel, 2006 Visions & Reflections On the ORigin of smell: odorant receptors in insects R. Benton Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, Box 63, New York, New York 10021 (USA), Fax: +1 212 327 7238, e-mail: [email protected] Received 23 March 2006; accepted 28 April 2006 Online First 19 June 2006 Abstract. Olfaction, the sense of smell, depends on large, suggested that odours are perceived by a conserved mecha- divergent families of odorant receptors that detect odour nism. Here I review recent revelations of significant struc- stimuli in the nose and transform them into patterns of neu- tural and functional differences between the Drosophila ronal activity that are recognised in the brain. The olfactory and mammalian odorant receptor proteins and discuss the circuits in mammals and insects display striking similarities implications for our understanding of the evolutionary and in their sensory physiology and neuroanatomy, which has molecular biology of the insect odorant receptors. Keywords. Olfaction, odorant receptor, signal transduction, GPCR, neuron, insect, mammal, evolution. Olfaction: the basics characterised by the presence of seven membrane-span- ning segments with an extracellular N terminus. OR pro- Olfaction is used by most animals to extract vital infor- teins are exposed to odours on the ciliated endings of olf- mation from volatile chemicals in the environment, such actory sensory neuron (OSN) dendrites in the olfactory as the presence of food or predators. -
Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Calpinae)
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Insecta Mundi Florida September 2008 World Checklist of Tribe Calpini (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Calpinae) J. M. Zaspel University of Florida, Gainesville, FL M. A. Branham University of Florida, Gainesville, FL Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi Part of the Entomology Commons Zaspel, J. M. and Branham, M. A., "World Checklist of Tribe Calpini (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Calpinae)" (2008). Insecta Mundi. 575. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/575 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Florida at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Insecta Mundi by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. INSECTA MUNDI A Journal of World Insect Systematics 0047 World Checklist of Tribe Calpini (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Calpinae) J. M. Zaspel and M. A. Branham Department of Entomology and Nematology University of Florida P.O. Box 110620 Natural Area Drive Gainesville, FL 32611, USA Date of Issue: September 26, 2008 CENTER FOR SYSTEMATIC E NTOMOLOGY, INC., Gainesville, FL J. M. Zaspel and M. A. Branham World Checklist of Tribe Calpini (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Calpinae) Insecta Mundi 0047: 1-15 Published in 2008 by Center for Systematic Entomology, Inc. P. O. Box 141874 Gainesville, FL 32614-1874 U. S. A. http://www.centerforsystematicentomology.org/ Insecta Mundi is a journal primarily devoted to insect systematics, but articles can be published on any non-marine arthropod taxon. Manuscripts considered for publication include, but are not limited to, systematic or taxonomic studies, revisions, nomenclatural changes, faunal studies, book reviews, phylo- genetic analyses, biological or behavioral studies, etc. -
Investigations on the Vampire Moth Genus Calyptra Ochsenheimer, Incorporating Taxonomy, Life History, and Bioinformatics (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Calpinae) Julia L
Purdue University Purdue e-Pubs Open Access Theses Theses and Dissertations 12-2016 Investigations on the vampire moth genus Calyptra Ochsenheimer, incorporating taxonomy, life history, and bioinformatics (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Calpinae) Julia L. Snyder Purdue University Follow this and additional works at: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses Part of the Bioinformatics Commons, Biology Commons, and the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation Snyder, Julia L., "Investigations on the vampire moth genus Calyptra Ochsenheimer, incorporating taxonomy, life history, and bioinformatics (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Calpinae)" (2016). Open Access Theses. 897. https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/897 This document has been made available through Purdue e-Pubs, a service of the Purdue University Libraries. Please contact [email protected] for additional information. Graduate School Form 30 Updated 12/26/2015 PURDUE UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL Thesis/Dissertation Acceptance This is to certify that the thesis/dissertation prepared By Julia L Snyder Entitled INVESTIGATION ON THE VAMPIRE MOTH GENUS CALYPTRA OCHSENHEIMER, INCORPORATING TAXONOMY, LIFE HISTORY, AND BIOINFORMATICS (LEPIDOPTERA: EREBIDAE: CALPINAE) For the degree of Master of Science Is approved by the final examining committee: Jennifer M. Zaspel Chair Catherine A. Hill Stephen L. Cameron To the best of my knowledge and as understood by the student in the Thesis/Dissertation Agreement, Publication Delay, and Certification Disclaimer (Graduate School Form 32), this thesis/dissertation adheres to the provisions of Purdue University’s “Policy of Integrity in Research” and the use of copyright material. Jennifer M. Zaspel Approved by Major Professor(s): Stephen L. Cameron 12/01/2016 Approved by: Head of the Departmental Graduate Program Date INVESTIGATIONS ON THE VAMPIRE MOTH GENUS CALYPTRA OCHSENHEIMER, INCORPORATING TAXONOMY, LIFE HISTORY, AND BIOINFORMATICS (LEPIDOPTERA: EREBIDAE: CALPINAE) A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Purdue University by Julia L. -
Annual Report
Final Report Project Name: Historical Occurrence & Present Status of Insect Species in Greatest Need of Conservation Project Number: T-38-P-001 Principal Investigator: C. H. Dietrich Illinois Natural History Survey, 1816 S Oak St., Champaign, IL 21820; phone (217) 244-7408 IDNR Project Manager: John Buhnerkempe Effective Dates: 03/01/2007-02/28/2012 Introduction Insects are the most diverse class of animals included on the Illinois list of Species in Greatest Need of Conservation (SGNC). The exact number of insect species native to Illinois is unknown, but certainly exceeds 30,000. Although precise data on long-term population trends are available for relatively few insect species, recent surveys by Panzer and colleagues in the Chicago metropolitan area (Panzer et al. 1995) indicated that ca. 13% of the prairie-inhabiting insect species originally recorded from the region have been extirpated. A more recent general insect sampling program, part of the Critical Trends Assessment Project at the Illinois Natural History Survey, has shown that declines in the state’s insect fauna have paralleled those observed for birds, reptiles and amphibians, and vascular plants. This sampling, conducted over the past 15 years, indicates that “typical” (i.e., poor quality) grasslands and wetlands collectively support less than 30% of the species originally recorded from such habitats in Illinois (Dietrich 2009). Published data on long-term trends in insect populations are available only for a few pest species. For species not considered to be of economic importance, the most extensive historical data available are those associated with specimens deposited in insect collections. The insect collection of the Illinois Natural History Survey (INHS), which houses specimens accumulated over the past 150+ years, is the largest and oldest repository of information on the insect fauna of Illinois. -
The Role of Chemoreceptor Evolution in Behavioral Change Cande, Prud’Homme and Gompel 153
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Smells like evolution: the role of chemoreceptor evolution in behavioral change Jessica Cande, Benjamin Prud’homme and Nicolas Gompel In contrast to physiology and morphology, our understanding success. How an organism interacts with its environment of how behaviors evolve is limited.This is a challenging task, as can be divided into three parts: first, the sensory percep- it involves the identification of both the underlying genetic tion of diverse auditory, visual, tactile, chemosensory or basis and the resultant physiological changes that lead to other cues; second, the processing of this information by behavioral divergence. In this review, we focus on the central nervous system (CNS), leading to a repres- chemosensory systems, mostly in Drosophila, as they are one entation of the sensory signal; and third, a behavioral of the best-characterized components of the nervous system response. Thus, behaviors could evolve either through in model organisms, and evolve rapidly between species. We changes in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) (e.g. examine the hypothesis that changes at the level of [1 ]), or through changes in higher-order neural circuitry chemosensory systems contribute to the diversification of (Figure 1). While the latter remain elusive, recent work behaviors. In particular, we review recent progress in on chemosensation in insects illustrates how the PNS understanding how genetic changes between species affect shapes behavioral evolution. chemosensory systems and translate into divergent behaviors. A major evolutionary trend is the rapid Chemosensation in insects depends on three classes of diversification of the chemoreceptor repertoire among receptors expressed in peripheral neurons housed in species. -
I'll Take Blood Sucking Moths for Fifty
“I’ll Take Blood Sucking Moths for Fifty”: Trusting the Ancients on Animal Lore It is customary to treat outrageous claims from antiquity concerning animals with a judicious shake of the head and an immediate recourse to a belief that authors such as Pliny were so undiscriminating that they would believe, and report, anything. Even a casual reader of Pliny the Elder has had this reaction numerous times. Yet the author, currently preparing a book on animals in antiquity, has found cause to temper this reaction with a certain amount of caution. The ancient writers on animals should not be rejected out of hand, for they often are more correct than we would care to acknowledge. Nicander (Theriaca 759-68) describes a creature which seems to be a large moth with the ability to sting or bite. The name is given by the scholia and seems to mean "head-biter." The scholia also offer a synonym, "head striker." The animal is clearly a moth, as it flutters indoors at night around lamps and has scaly wings that leave a residue of dust on anyone touching it. Up to this point Nicander is on safe ground. But he continues to tell us of its hard, nodding head and that it is lethal when it stings a man on the head or neck. It lives among the "trees of Perseus" in Egypt. The scholiasts add that this "moth" has four wings (as moths do) and a stinger that is positioned below its head, hidden by its neck. Philoumenos (15.5 = Aetius 13.20) states that the "moth" is green, but Beavis (53) explains this as a misreading of Nicander. -
Tuning Insect Odorant Receptors
PERSPECTIVE published: 05 April 2018 doi: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00094 Tuning Insect Odorant Receptors Dieter Wicher* Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology (MPG), Jena, Germany Among the insect olfactory receptors the odorant receptors (ORs) evolved in parallel to the onset of insect flight. A special property of this receptor type is the capability to adjust sensitivity of odor detection according to previous odor contacts. This article presents a current view on regulatory processes affecting the performance of ORs and proposes a model of mechanisms contributing to OR sensitization. Keywords: chemoreception, olfaction, ionotropic receptor, odorant receptor, receptor kinase, GPCR, intracellular signaling INTRODUCTION The performance of membrane proteins such as ion channels or receptors is dynamically adjusted according to changing physiological requirements. Olfactory receptors have to detect odors in a wide range of concentrations, from faint filaments at larger distance from the source to high concentrated and permanent presence near the source. In mammals, the olfactory receptors for general odors are G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs; Buck and Axel, 1991). For a comparison of vertebrate and insect olfaction see Kaupp(2010), for a recent review of insect olfactory receptors see Fleischer et al.(2018). Three types of receptor proteins detect volatile chemical information in insects. These are odorant receptors (ORs) which are restricted to insects, specific gustatory receptors (GRs) detecting carbon dioxide and receptors related to ionotropic glutamate receptors, called ionotropic receptors (IRs). The ORs evolved in parallel with the onset of insect flight (Missbach et al., 2014). Similar to GPCRs, insect ORs belong to the class of heptahelical transmembrane proteins. -
Taxonomic Studies on Two Species of Genus Calyptra Ochsenheimer
Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2015; 3 (1): 217-219 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 Taxonomic studies on two species of genus Calyptra JEZS 2015; 3 (1): 217-219 © 2015 JEZS ochsenheimer (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Kashmir Received: 16-01-2015 Accepted: 26-01-2015 Mudasir A. Dar, Jagbir Singh Kriti Mudasir A. Dar Division of Entomology, Abstract SKUAST-K Shalimar J&K, A comprehensive and a comparative taxonomic account of species of the genus Calyptra Ochsenheimer India is provided herewith. Two species are recognized in the genus: Calyptra rectistria Guenee and Calyptra bicolor Moore. Male and female external genitalic attributes are provided. Supplementary photographs Jagbir Singh Kriti and illustrations are also provided. Both species have been reported for the first time from Kashmir Department of Zoology and Himalayas. Environmental Sciences, Punjabi University Patiala India. Keywords: Comprehensive, Taxonomic, account, Genitalia, Calyptra 1. Introduction Genus Calyptra was first established by Ochsenheimer in 1816 on the type species Phalaena thalictri Borkhausen [1]. While synonymising the generic names Calyptra Ochsenheiner, Oraesia Guenee, cultasta Moore, and Hypocalpe under genus Calpe Treitschke, has reported nine species from India under this genus [2]. Finally reported that Calyptra has priority over [3] Calpe . Reported three new species from India under the genus Calyptra. Out of an estimated of forty species, sub-species, forms and abbreviations, associated with Calyptra on global basis, only seventeen species now belong to the genus, as per recent analysis done by [4]. Described male genitalia of Ophideroides Guenee, fasciate Moore, orthograpta Butler and minuticornis Guenee [5]. Included Calpe Treitschke, Culasta Moore, Hypocalpe Butler and [6] Percalpe Berio as junior synonyms of genus Calyptra . -
Skin-Piercing Blood-Sucking Moths IV : Biological Studies on Adults of 4 Calyptra Species and 2 Subspecies (Lep., Noctuidae)
Skin-piercing blood-sucking moths IV : biological studies on adults of 4 Calyptra species and 2 subspecies (Lep., Noctuidae) Autor(en): Bänziger, Hans Objekttyp: Article Zeitschrift: Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft = Bulletin de la Société Entomologique Suisse = Journal of the Swiss Entomological Society Band (Jahr): 59 (1986) Heft 1-2 PDF erstellt am: 06.10.2021 Persistenter Link: http://doi.org/10.5169/seals-402206 Nutzungsbedingungen Die ETH-Bibliothek ist Anbieterin der digitalisierten Zeitschriften. Sie besitzt keine Urheberrechte an den Inhalten der Zeitschriften. Die Rechte liegen in der Regel bei den Herausgebern. Die auf der Plattform e-periodica veröffentlichten Dokumente stehen für nicht-kommerzielle Zwecke in Lehre und Forschung sowie für die private Nutzung frei zur Verfügung. Einzelne Dateien oder Ausdrucke aus diesem Angebot können zusammen mit diesen Nutzungsbedingungen und den korrekten Herkunftsbezeichnungen weitergegeben werden. Das Veröffentlichen von Bildern in Print- und Online-Publikationen ist nur mit vorheriger Genehmigung der Rechteinhaber erlaubt. Die systematische Speicherung von Teilen des elektronischen Angebots auf anderen Servern bedarf ebenfalls des schriftlichen Einverständnisses der Rechteinhaber. Haftungsausschluss Alle Angaben erfolgen ohne Gewähr für Vollständigkeit oder Richtigkeit. Es wird keine Haftung übernommen für Schäden durch die Verwendung von Informationen aus diesem Online-Angebot oder durch das Fehlen von Informationen. Dies gilt auch für Inhalte Dritter, die über dieses Angebot zugänglich sind. Ein Dienst der ETH-Bibliothek ETH Zürich, Rämistrasse 101, 8092 Zürich, Schweiz, www.library.ethz.ch http://www.e-periodica.ch MITTEILUNGEN DER SCHWEIZERISCHEN ENTOMOLOGISCHEN GESELLSCHAFT BULLETIN DE LA SOCIÉTÉ ENTOMOLOGIQUE SUISSE 59, 111-138, 1986 Skin-piercing blood-sucking moths IV: Biological studies on adults of 4 Calyptra species and 2 subspecies (Lep., Noctuidae) Hans Bänziger Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiengmai University, Chiengmai, Thailand In N. -
Preliminary Observations on a Skin-Piercing Blood-Sucking Moth (Calyptra Eustrigata (Hmps.) (Lep., Noctuidae)) in Malaya
Research Collection Journal Article Preliminary observations on a skin-piercing blood-sucking moth (Calyptra eustrigata (Hmps.) (Lep., Noctuidae)) in Malaya Author(s): Bänziger, H. Publication Date: 1968 Permanent Link: https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000422573 Originally published in: Bulletin of Entomological Research 58(1), http://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300055942 Rights / License: In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted This page was generated automatically upon download from the ETH Zurich Research Collection. For more information please consult the Terms of use. ETH Library 159 PEELIMINAEY OBSERVATIONS ON A SKIN-PIERCING BLOOD-SUCKING MOTH (CALYPTRA EUSTRIGATA (HMPS.) (LEP., NOCTUIDAE)) IN MALAYA By H. BANZIGER (Plates IX & X) c/o Department of Entomology, Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland (Received 2nd February 1968) By examining the stomach contents of the eye-frequenting Noctuid moths Lobocraspis griseifusa Hmps. and Arcyophora sylvatica Biittiker, Buttiker (1959a, b, and unpublished records) showed that these species occasionally ingest blood. However, the details of this peculiar feeding habit of eye-frequenting Lepidoptera have so far remained unknown and no information on the mode of uptake has been published. The first direct observations on blood-sucking moths were made in the course of entomological work in the field * in Thailand and Malaya between 1965 and 1967, when it was established that there are two groups of these moths: those which pierce the skin and suck blood and those which " lick " the skin and suck blood. This paper is concerned with the behaviour of Calyptra eustrigata (Hmps.), a Noctuid which is a member of the first group, and which has a strong proboscis that enables it to pierce the skin of a number of mammalian hosts. -
Physical Determinants of Fluid-Feeding in Insects
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337854621 Physical Determinants of Fluid-Feeding in Insects Chapter · December 2019 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-29654-4_8 CITATIONS READS 0 33 2 authors, including: Konstantin G Kornev Clemson University 161 PUBLICATIONS 1,951 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE All content following this page was uploaded by Konstantin G Kornev on 16 December 2019. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Chapter 8 Physical determinants of fluid feeding in insects Konstantin G. Kornev1 and Peter H. Adler2 1. Corresponding author: Konstantin G. Kornev, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634, USA, e-mail: [email protected] 2. Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634, USA e-mail: [email protected] Abstract Fluid feeders represent more than half of the world’s insect species. We review current understanding of the physics of fluid feeding, from the perspective of wetting, capillarity, and fluid mechanics. We feature butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera) as representative fluid-feeding insects. Fluid uptake by live butterflies is experimentally explained based on X-ray imaging and high-speed optical microscopy, and is augmented by modeling and by mechanical and physicochemical characterization of biomaterials. Wetting properties of the lepidopteran proboscis are reviewed, and a classification of proboscis morphology and wetting characteristics is proposed. The porous and fibrous structure of the mouthparts is important in determining the dietary habits of fluid-feeding insects. The fluid mechanics of liquid uptake by insects cannot be explained by a simple Hagen-Poiseuille flow scenario of a drinking- straw model.