DOCSLIB.ORG

User's Manual

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
User's Manual User’s Manual Model 331 Temperature Controller Includes Coverage For: Model 331S and Model 331E Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc. 575 McCorkle Blvd. Westerville, Ohio 43082-8888 USA E-mail addresses: [email protected] [email protected] Visit our website at: www.lakeshore.com Fax: (614) 891-1392 Telephone: (614) 891-2243 Methods and apparatus disclosed and described herein have been developed solely on company funds of Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc. No government or other contractual support or relationship whatsoever has existed which in any way affects or mitigates proprietary rights of Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc. in these developments. Methods and apparatus disclosed herein may be subject to U.S. Patents existing or applied for. Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc. reserves the right to add, improve, modify, or withdraw functions, design modifications, or products at any time without notice. Lake Shore shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with furnishing, performance, or use of this material. Revision: 1.9 P/N 119-031 14 May 2009 Lake Shore Model 331 Temperature Controller User’s Manual LIMITED WARRANTY STATEMENT LIMITED WARRANTY STATEMENT (Continued) WARRANTY PERIOD: ONE (1) YEAR 9. EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT ALLOWED BY APPLICABLE LAW, 1. Lake Shore warrants that this Lake Shore product (the THE TERMS OF THIS LIMITED WARRANTY STATEMENT DO “Product”) will be free from defects in materials and NOT EXCLUDE, RESTRICT OR MODIFY, AND ARE IN workmanship for the Warranty Period specified above (the ADDITION TO, THE MANDATORY STATUTORY RIGHTS “Warranty Period”). If Lake Shore receives notice of any such APPLICABLE TO THE SALE OF THE PRODUCT TO YOU. defects during the Warranty Period and the Product is shipped CERTIFICATION freight prepaid, Lake Shore will, at its option, either repair or Lake Shore certifies that this product has been inspected and replace the Product if it is so defective without charge to the tested in accordance with its published specifications and that this owner for parts, service labor or associated customary return product met its published specifications at the time of shipment. shipping cost. Any such replacement for the Product may be The accuracy and calibration of this product at the time of either new or equivalent in performance to new. Replacement or shipment are traceable to the United States National Institute of repaired parts will be warranted for only the unexpired portion of Standards and Technology (NIST); formerly known as the National the original warranty or 90 days (whichever is greater). Bureau of Standards (NBS). 2. Lake Shore warrants the Product only if it has been sold by an authorized Lake Shore employee, sales representative, dealer FIRMWARE LIMITATIONS or original equipment manufacturer (OEM). Lake Shore has worked to ensure that the Model 331 firmware is 3. The Product may contain remanufactured parts equivalent to as free of errors as possible, and that the results you obtain from new in performance or may have been subject to incidental use. the instrument are accurate and reliable. However, as with any computer-based software, the possibility of errors exists. 4. The Warranty Period begins on the date of delivery of the Product or later on the date of installation of the Product if the In any important research, as when using any laboratory Product is installed by Lake Shore, provided that if you schedule equipment, results should be carefully examined and rechecked or delay the Lake Shore installation for more than 30 days after before final conclusions are drawn. Neither Lake Shore nor anyone delivery the Warranty Period begins on the 31st day after else involved in the creation or production of this firmware can pay delivery. for loss of time, inconvenience, loss of use of the product, or property damage caused by this product or its failure to work, or 5. This limited warranty does not apply to defects in the Product any other incidental or consequential damages. Use of our product resulting from (a) improper or inadequate maintenance, repair or implies that you understand the Lake Shore license agreement and calibration, (b) fuses, software and non-rechargeable batteries, statement of limited warranty. (c) software, interfacing, parts or other supplies not furnished by Lake Shore, (d) unauthorized modification or misuse, (e) FIRMWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT operation outside of the published specifications or (f) improper The firmware in this instrument is protected by United States site preparation or maintenance. copyright law and international treaty provisions. To maintain the 6. TO THE EXTENT ALLOWED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THE warranty, the code contained in the firmware must not be modified. ABOVE WARRANTIES ARE EXCLUSIVE AND NO OTHER Any changes made to the code is at the user’s risk. Lake Shore will WARRANTY OR CONDITION, WHETHER WRITTEN OR assume no responsibility for damage or errors incurred as result of ORAL, IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. LAKE SHORE any changes made to the firmware. SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OR Under the terms of this agreement you may only use the Model CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY, SATISFACTORY 331 firmware as physically installed in the instrument. Archival QUALITY AND/OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE copies are strictly forbidden. You may not decompile, disassemble, WITH RESPECT TO THE PRODUCT. Some countries, states or reverse engineer the firmware. If you suspect there are or provinces do not allow limitations on an implied warranty, so problems with the firmware, return the instrument to Lake Shore for the above limitation or exclusion might not apply to you. This repair under the terms of the Limited Warranty specified above. warranty gives you specific legal rights and you might also have Any unauthorized duplication or use of the Model 331 firmware in other rights that vary from country to country, state to state or whole or in part, in print, or in any other storage and retrieval province to province. system is forbidden. 7. TO THE EXTENT ALLOWED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THE TRADEMARK ACKNOWLEDGMENT REMEDIES IN THIS WARRANTY STATEMENT ARE YOUR SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES. Many manufacturers and sellers claim designations used to distinguish their products as trademarks. Where those 8. EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT PROHIBITED BY APPLICABLE designations appear in this manual and Lake Shore was aware of LAW, IN NO EVENT WILL LAKE SHORE OR ANY OF ITS a trademark claim, they appear with initial capital letters and the ™ SUBSIDIARIES, AFFILIATES OR SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR or ® symbol. DIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR OTHER DAMAGES (INCLUDING LOST PROFIT, LOST DATA CalCurve™, Cernox™, Duo-Twist™, Quad-Lead™, OR DOWNTIME COSTS) ARISING OUT OF THE USE, Quad-Twist™, Rox™, and SoftCal™ are trademarks INABILITY TO USE OR RESULT OF USE OF THE PRODUCT, of Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc. WHETHER BASED IN WARRANTY, CONTRACT, TORT OR MS-DOS® and Windows/95/98/NT/2000® are trademarks of OTHER LEGAL THEORY, AND WHETHER OR NOT LAKE Microsoft Corp. SHORE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF NI-488.2™ is a trademark of National Instruments. SUCH DAMAGES. Your use of the Product is entirely at your own risk. Some countries, states and provinces do not allow the PC, XT, AT, and PS-2 are trademarks of IBM. exclusion of liability for incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation may not apply to you. Copyright © 2000 – 2002 & 2004 – 2009 by Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc. All rights reserved. No portion of this manual may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the express written permission of Lake Shore. A Lake Shore Model 331 Temperature Controller User’s Manual DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY We: Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc. 575 McCorkle Blvd. Westerville OH 43082-8888 USA hereby declare that the equipment specified conforms to the following Directives and Standards: Application of Council Directives: .............................. 73/23/EEC 89/336/EEC Standards to which Conformity is declared: .............. EN61010-1:2001 Overvoltage II Pollution Degree 2 EN61326 A2:2001 Class A Annex B Model Number: .......................................................... 331 Ed Maloof Printed Name Vice President of Engineering Position B Lake Shore Model 331 Temperature Controller User’s Manual Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) for the Model 331 Temperature Controller Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) of electronic equipment is a growing concern worldwide. Emissions of and immunity to electromagnetic interference is now part of the design and manufacture of most electronics. To qualify for the CE Mark, the Model 331 meets or exceeds the requirements of the European EMC Directive 89/336/EEC as a CLASS A product. A Class A product is allowed to radiate more RF than a Class B product and must include the following warning: WARNING: This is a Class A product. In a domestic environment, this product may cause radio interference in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures. The instrument was tested under normal operating conditions with sensor and interface cables attached. If the installation and operating instructions in the User’s Manual are followed, there should be no degradation in EMC performance. This instrument is not intended for use in close proximity to RF Transmitters such as two-way radios and cell phones. Exposure to RF interference greater than that found in a typical laboratory environment may disturb the sensitive measurement circuitry of the instrument. Pay special attention to instrument cabling. Improperly installed cabling may defeat even the best EMC protection. For the best performance from any precision instrument, follow the grounding and shielding instructions in the User’s Manual. In addition, the installer of the Model 331 should consider the following: • Shield measurement and computer interface cables. • Leave no unused or unterminated cables attached to the instrument. • Make cable runs as short and direct as possible.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • CBS SOP: Liquid Nitrogen AODA
    Liquid Nitrogen SOP Liquid Nitrogen SOP CBS-SOP-020-19 Effective: Mar 2019 Author: A. Holliss Edited: P. Scheffer Purpose To provide procedural guidance on the dispensing, transport, handling and disposal of liquid nitrogen. This document is to be used in addition to on the job training and not as a substitution. Scope All students and staff within CBS working with liquid nitrogen should be familiar with these procedures. Outside of normal working hours (weekdays 08:30 to 16:30) liquid nitrogen must not be dispensed from the pressurized storage vessel. If there is an absolute necessity for liquid nitrogen from the pressurized storage dewar at that time, this procedure must be carried out with the supervisor’s knowledge by two trained personnel working together to allow for the alarm to be raised if there is an incident/accident. The second ‘spotter’ person is to be in visual contact with the first ‘dispensing’ person but not so close to also be in danger. Definitions/Acronyms Cryogenic storage dewar – a specialized double-walled vacuum container used for storing cryogenic liquid and provides thermal insulation as the cryogenic liquid slowly boils away. Excessive pressure is released through an open top, vented cap or through a pressure relief valve to prevent the risk of explosion. Oxygen deficient atmosphere – an atmosphere with less than 19.5% oxygen by volume. Air normally contains approximately 21% oxygen. If gases other than oxygen are added or mixed with air, the oxygen concentration is reduced (diluted) and oxygen deficiency occurs. No human sense will give an indication of an oxygen-reduced atmosphere.
    [Show full text]
  • Safe Storage, Handling, Use and Disposal Procedures of Compressed Gas Cylinders
    Title: Safe Storage, Handling, Use and Disposal Procedures of Compressed Gas Cylinders Effective Date: November 2005 Revision Date: March 1, 2017 Issuing Authority: VP, Capital Projects & Facilities Responsible Officer: Director Environmental Health and Safety PURPOSE OF THE POLICY The purpose of this policy on the safe storage, handling and use of compressed gas cylinders is to provide best practice guidance for the use and storage of compressed gas cylinders. These procedures are to assist employees on information to minimize the hazards associated with this type of equipment. SCOPE OF THIS POLICY Serious fire, explosion or rupture accidents may result from the misuse or mishandling of compressed gas cylinders. Observance of the following rules will help control hazards in the storage, handling and use of compressed gas cylinders. WHO NEEDS TO KNOW THIS POLICY This policy applies to all New York University academic, commercial and residential facilities utilizing compressed gas cylinders. Responsibilities: Department of Environmental Health and Safety • Responsible for developing and updating the policy • Work with Facilities, Department Heads, and Lab Managers to ensure proper use and storage • Enforce compliance with all safety regulations and FDNY regulations Directors, Department Chairs, and Principal Investigators • Directors, Chairs, and PIs are responsible for enforcing this policy. • Periodically review and monitor the effectiveness of safe CGC use and storage. • Allocate the resources necessary for safe handling, use, and to monitor the program. Department Managers and Supervisors • Department Managers and Supervisors ensure staff working with compressed gas cylinders have the appropriate training and understand all aspects of safety associated with this equipment. • Assure the equipment associated with the movement, storage, and use of compressed gas cylinders is available and properly inspected before being used.
    [Show full text]
  • Commodity Master List
    Commodity Master List 005 ABRASIVES 010 ACOUSTICAL TILE, INSULATING MATERIALS, AND SUPPLIES 015 ADDRESSING, COPYING, MIMEOGRAPH, AND SPIRIT DUPLICATING MACHINE SUPPLIES: CHEMICALS, INKS, PAPER, ETC. 019 AGRICULTURAL CROPS AND GRAINS INCLUDING FRUITS, MELONS, NUTS, AND VEGETABLES 020 AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT, IMPLEMENTS, AND ACCESSORIES (SEE CLASS 022 FOR PARTS) 022 AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENT AND ACCESSORY PARTS 025 AIR COMPRESSORS AND ACCESSORIES 031 AIR CONDITIONING, HEATING, AND VENTILATING: EQUIPMENT, PARTS AND ACCESSORIES (SEE RELATED ITEMS IN CLASS 740) 035 AIRCRAFT AND AIRPORT, EQUIPMENT, PARTS, AND SUPPLIES 037 AMUSEMENT, DECORATIONS, ENTERTAINMENT, TOYS, ETC. 040 ANIMALS, BIRDS, MARINE LIFE, AND POULTRY, INCLUDING ACCESSORY ITEMS (LIVE) 045 APPLIANCES AND EQUIPMENT, HOUSEHOLD TYPE 050 ART EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES 052 ART OBJECTS 055 AUTOMOTIVE ACCESSORIES FOR AUTOMOBILES, BUSES, TRUCKS, ETC. 060 AUTOMOTIVE MAINTENANCE ITEMS AND REPAIR/REPLACEMENT PARTS 065 AUTOMOTIVE BODIES, ACCESSORIES, AND PARTS 070 AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLES AND RELATED TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT 075 AUTOMOTIVE SHOP EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES 080 BADGES, EMBLEMS, NAME TAGS AND PLATES, JEWELRY, ETC. 085 BAGS, BAGGING, TIES, AND EROSION CONTROL EQUIPMENT 090 BAKERY EQUIPMENT, COMMERCIAL 095 BARBER AND BEAUTY SHOP EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES 100 BARRELS, DRUMS, KEGS, AND CONTAINERS 105 BEARINGS (EXCEPT WHEEL BEARINGS AND SEALS -SEE CLASS 060) 110 BELTS AND BELTING: AUTOMOTIVE AND INDUSTRIAL 115 BIOCHEMICALS, RESEARCH 120 BOATS, MOTORS, AND MARINE AND WILDLIFE SUPPLIES 125 BOOKBINDING SUPPLIES
    [Show full text]
  • Facts on File DICTIONARY of CHEMISTRY
    The Facts On File DICTIONARY of CHEMISTRY The Facts On File DICTIONARY of CHEMISTRY Fourth Edition Edited by John Daintith The Facts On File Dictionary of Chemistry Fourth Edition Copyright © 2005, 1999 by Market House Books Ltd All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information contact: Facts On File, Inc. 132 West 31st Street New York NY 10001 For Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data, please contact Facts On File, Inc. ISBN 0-8160-5649-8 Facts On File books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk quantities for businesses, associations, institutions, or sales promotions. Please call our Special Sales Department in New York at (212) 967-8800 or (800) 322-8755. You can find Facts On File on the World Wide Web at http://www.factsonfile.com Compiled and typeset by Market House Books Ltd, Aylesbury, UK Printed in the United States of America MP PKG 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 This book is printed on acid-free paper. PREFACE This dictionary is one of a series designed for use in schools. It is intended for stu- dents of chemistry, but we hope that it will also be helpful to other science students and to anyone interested in science. Facts On File also publishes dictionaries in a variety of disciplines, including biology, physics, mathematics, forensic science, weather and climate, marine science, and space and astronomy.
    [Show full text]
  • Cryoelectron Microscopy of a Nucleating Model Bile in Vitreous Ice: Formation of Primordial Vesicles
    1436 Biophysical Journal Volume 76 March 1999 1436–1451 Cryoelectron Microscopy of a Nucleating Model Bile in Vitreous Ice: Formation of Primordial Vesicles Donald L. Gantz,* David Q.-H. Wang,# Martin C. Carey,# and Donald M. Small* *Department of Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, and #Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Digestive Disease Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 USA ABSTRACT Because gallstones form so frequently in human bile, pathophysiologically relevant supersaturated model biles are commonly employed to study cholesterol crystal formation. We used cryo-transmission electron microscopy, comple- mented by polarizing light microscopy, to investigate early stages of cholesterol nucleation in model bile. In the system studied, the proposed microscopic sequence involves the evolution of small unilamellar to multilamellar vesicles to lamellar liquid crystals and finally to cholesterol crystals. Small aliquots of a concentrated (total lipid concentration ϭ 29.2 g/dl) model bile containing 8.5% cholesterol, 22.9% egg yolk lecithin, and 68.6% taurocholate (all mole %) were vitrified at 2 min to 20 days after fourfold dilution to induce supersaturation. Mixed micelles together with a category of vesicles denoted primordial, small unilamellar vesicles of two distinct morphologies (sphere/ellipsoid and cylinder/arachoid), large unilamellar vesicles, multilamellar vesicles, and cholesterol monohydrate crystals were imaged. No evidence of aggregation/fusion of small unilamellar vesicles to form multilamellar vesicles was detected. Low numbers of multilamellar vesicles were present, some of which were sufficiently large to be identified as liquid crystals by polarizing light microscopy. Dimensions, surface areas, and volumes of spherical/ellipsoidal and cylindrical/arachoidal vesicles were quantified.
    [Show full text]
  • BL-11C Micro-MX: a High-Flux Microfocus Macromolecular-Crystallography Beamline for Micrometre-Sized Protein Crystals at ISSN 1600-5775 Pohang Light Source II
    beamlines BL-11C Micro-MX: a high-flux microfocus macromolecular-crystallography beamline for micrometre-sized protein crystals at ISSN 1600-5775 Pohang Light Source II Do-Heon Gu,a‡ Cheolsoo Eo,b‡ Seung-A Hwangbo,c Sung-Chul Ha,b b b b b b Received 17 December 2020 Jin Hong Kim, Hyoyun Kim, Chae-Soon Lee, In Deuk Seo, Young Duck Yun, b b b b b Accepted 22 April 2021 Woulwoo Lee, Hyeongju Choi, Jangwoo Kim, Jun Lim, Seungyu Rah, Jeong-Sun Kim,a Jie-Oh Lee,c Yeon-Gil Kimb* and Suk-Youl Parkb* Edited by R. W. Strange, University of Essex, aDepartment of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea, bPohang Accelerator Laboratory, United Kingdom Pohang University of Science and Technology, 80 Jigokro-127-Beongil, Pohang, Nam-gu, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea, and cInstitute of Membrane Proteins, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, ‡ These authors contributed equally to this Republic of Korea. *Correspondence e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] work. Keywords: beamlines; microfocus; BL-11C, a new protein crystallography beamline, is an in-vacuum undulator- macromolecular crystallography; protein based microfocus beamline used for macromolecular crystallography at the structures; serial crystallography. Pohang Accelerator Laboratory and it was made available to users in June 2017. The beamline is energy tunable in the range 5.0–20 keV to support conventional single- and multi-wavelength anomalous-dispersion experiments against a wide range of heavy metals. At the standard working energy of 12.659 keV, the monochromated beam is focused to 4.1 mm (V) Â 8.5 mm (H) full width at half- maximum at the sample position and the measured photon flux is 1.3 Â 1012 photons sÀ1.
    [Show full text]
  • Benchmarking a Cryogenic Code for the FREIA Helium Liquefier
    FREIA Report 2020/01 July 9, 2020 Department of Physics and Astronomy Uppsala University Benchmarking a Cryogenic Code for the FREIA Helium Liquefier Elias Waagaard Supervisor: Volker Ziemann Subject reader: Roger Ruber Bachelor Thesis, 15 credits Uppsala University Uppsala, Sweden Department of Physics and Astronomy Uppsala University Box 516 SE-75120 Uppsala Sweden Papers in the FREIA Report Series are published on internet in PDF format. Download from http://uu.diva-portal.org Abstract The thermodynamics inside the helium liquifier in the FREIA laboratory still contains many unknowns. The purpose of this project is to develop a theoretical model and im- plement it in MATLAB, with the help of the CoolProp library. This theoretical model of the FREIA liquefaction cycle aims at finding the unknown parameters not specified in the manual of the manufacturer, starting from the principle of enthalpy conservation. Inspiration was taken from the classical liquefaction cycles of Linde-Hampson, Claude and Collins. We developed a linear mathematical model for cycle components such as turboexpanders and heat exchangers, and a non-linear model for the liquefaction in the phase separator. Liquefaction yields of 10% and 6% were obtained in our model simula- tions, with and without liquid nitrogen pre-cooling respectively - similar to those in the FREIA liquefier within one percentage point. The sensors placed in FREIA showed simi- lar pressure and temperature values, even though not every point could be verified due to the lack of sensors. We observed an increase of more than 50% in yield after adjustments of the heat exchanger design in the model, especially the first one.
    [Show full text]
  • Abstracts (Vol
    Volume 43, 2018 Volume 43, 2018 PRINT ISSN 0379 0479 ONLINE ISSN 2349-2120 INDIAN JOURNAL OF CRYOGENICS A yearly journal devoted to Cryogenics, Superconductivity and Low Temperature Physics INDIAN JOURNAL OF CRYOGENICS Published by Indian Cryogenics Council Proceeding of Twenty Sixth National Symposium on Cryogenics and Superconductivity (NSCS-26) Hosted by Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre (VECC), Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata February (22-24), 2017 April, 2018 NewUnitedProcess,NewDelhi110028;Mob.:9811426024 April, 2018 VOLUME 43, 2018 PRINT ISSN 0379 0479 ONLINE ISSN 2349-2120 INDIAN JOURNAL OF CRYOGENICS A yearly journal devoted to Cryogenics, Superconductivity and Low Temperature Physics Published by Indian Cryogenics Council Supported by Proceeding of Twenty Sixth National Symposium on Cryogenics and Superconductivity (NSCS-26) Hosted by Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre (VECC) Kolkata February 22 – 24, 2017 April, 2018 Indian Journal of Cryogenics (A yearly journal devoted to Cryogenics, Superconductivity and Low Temperature Physics) Chief Editor: Dr. R.G. Sharma (IUAC, New Delhi) Editors: Dr. T S Datta (IUAC, New Delhi), Prof. H B Naik (SVNIT, Surat), Prof. P S Ghosh (IIT, Kharagpur) Editorial Advisory Board A. Superconductivity and Low B. Cryogenic Engineering & its Temperature Physics Applications 1. Prof. R Srinivasan 1. Dr. Amit Roy 2. Dr. T S Radhakrishnan 2. Dr. R K Bhandari 3. Dr. D Kanjilal 3. Prof. Y C Saxena 4. Prof. Arup Kumar Raychoudhury 4. Prof. Subhash Jacob 5. Prof. R C Budhani 5. Prof. Sunil Sarangi 6. Prof. R Nagarajan 6. Dr. Philippe Lebrun 7. Prof. S N Kaul 7. Prof. Kanchan Choudhury 8. Dr. Harikishan 8. Prof. M D Atrey 9.
    [Show full text]
  • Influence of the Freezing Process on Quality Retention of Frozen Tomato Slices
    Influence of the Freezing Process on Quality Retention of Frozen Tomato Slices THESIS Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Qinfan Zhou Graduate Program in Food, Agricultural & Biological Engineering The Ohio State University 2016 Master's Examination Committee: Dr. Dennis R. Heldman, Advisor Dr. Sudhir K. Sastry Dr. Christopher Simons Copyrighted by Qinfan Zhou 2016 Abstract Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is one of the most important economic plants worldwide. Frozen vegetables and fruits have gained popular nowadays. However, the fragile and complex structure of the tomato is very sensitive to ice crystal formation of water during phase change. The overall objective of this investigation was to optimize the freezing conditions required to achieve maximum retention of the quality attributes of frozen-thawed tomato slices. Fresh-cut Roma tomato were sliced into pieces with the thickness of 4.5 mm and pre-treated with CaCl2 solutions in concentrations ranging from 0.4 to 4.0 g/100g. The tomato slices were then frozen in either a dry-ice ethanol bath, liquid nitrogen or an air blast freezer to achieve a significant range of “time-to freeze”. The various cold media were used to reduce the geometric center temperature of the slices from 25℃ to -18°C. The frozen tomatoes slices were stored in freezer for temperature equilibration at -18 °C for 12 hours before thawing at ambient temperature for measurement of texture and mass loss. The results from the experimental measurements indicated that reducing the “time-to-freeze” (increasing freezing rates) was not sufficient to increase the hardness retention of tomato slices.
    [Show full text]
  • Mve Automatic Ln2 Supply Switch Technical Manual
    MVE AUTOMATIC LN2 SUPPLY SWITCH TECHNICAL MANUAL . ® Innovation. Experience. Performance. Chart Industries, Inc. BioMedical Group 2200 Airport Industrial Drive Suite#500 Ball Ground, Georgia 30107 Technical Manual P/N 13934953 Copyright © 2009 Ref 13934953-C.doc MVE Automatic LN2 Supply Switch ============================================================================= TECHNICAL MANUAL Chart Industries Inc. Chartindustries.com 2200 Airport Industrial Drive Suite 500 Ball Ground, GA 30107 Customer/Technical Service USA: Toll Free Phone: 1-800-482-2473 Toll Free Fax: 1-888-932-2473 (To place an order) Fax: 1-770-721-7758 [email protected] Customer/Technical Service Europe Phone: +44 (0) 1344 403 100 Fax: +44 (0) 1344 427 224 Customer/Technical Service Australia/Pac Rim Phone: +61 297 494333 Fax: +61 297 494666 This Technical Manual covers use and maintenance of the MVE Automatic LN2 Supply Switch. It is intended for use by experienced personnel only. 13934953-C.doc 2 Table of Contents CHART INDUSTRIES CONTACT............................................................................................................................................................................2 TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................................................................................................................................3 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................................................................4
    [Show full text]
  • Office of the Dean, College of Agriculture, R.V.S. Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya Gwalior 474002, M.P
    OFFICE OF THE DEAN, COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, R.V.S. KRISHI VISHWA VIDYALAYA GWALIOR 474002, M.P. E-TENDER NOTICE FOR THE PURCHASE OF LABORATORY EQUIPMENTS/ STRUCTURES (IPRO/BTC/2019-20/112 Dt.09.07.2020) Following laboratory equipment’s/instruments/structures are to be procured at College of Agriculture, RVSKV, Gwalior for the establishment of Biotechnology Centre and Gene bank at Biotechnology Centre, RVSKVV, Gwalior. This procurement will be carried out through the e- procurement system of www.mptenders.gov.in. On-line bids, under Open Tender Enquiry, following the two bids systems are invited for supply of these equipment’s/instruments/structures. Tender documents with specifications can be purchased from this site by paying the stipulated cost as mentioned below: Item Name of the Equipment/ Item/Structure Document EMD # Cost Third Call 1. Bench Top Lyophilizer (Freez Dryer) ₹ 1000 ₹20000 Second Call 2. DNA Sequencer ( NGS) ₹ 5,000 ₹600000 3. Fragment analyzer (Advanced Capillary Electrophoresis System) ₹ 3000 ₹ 80000 4. Cryotome ₹ 2000 ₹ 40000 5. Bioreactor System ₹ 3000 ₹ 80000 6. Flow Cytometer ₹ 3000 ₹ 70000 7. Horizontal Laminar Air Flow Cabinet ₹ 1000 ₹ 6000 8. Genomics Softwares ₹ 1000 ₹ 2000 First Call 9. Ultra Pure Water Purification System ₹ 3000 ₹ 50000 10. Cold Room for Short- Term Storage Units for Germplasm/Biological ₹ 5000 ₹200000 Materials Storage 11. Gel Documentation System ₹ 2000 ₹ 30000 12. BOD Incubator ₹ 1000 ₹ 3000 13. Gradient Thermal Cycler ₹ 1000 ₹ 10000 14. Hot Air Oven ₹ 1000 ₹ 3000 15. Automated System for Protein, Nucleic Acid Extraction and Cell ₹ 2000 ₹ 40000 Separation ( Automatic DNA extraction System) 16. Tissue Lyser cum Homogenizer ₹ 1000 ₹ 15000 17.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effect of Vibrations on Cryogens Boil Off During Launch, Transfer and Transport
    University of Central Florida STARS Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 2016 The Effect of Vibrations on Cryogens Boil Off During Launch, Transfer and Transport Erin Schlichenmaier University of Central Florida Part of the Mechanical Engineering Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Masters Thesis (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STARS Citation Schlichenmaier, Erin, "The Effect of Vibrations on Cryogens Boil Off During Launch, Transfer and Transport" (2016). Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019. 5143. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/5143 THE EFFECT OF VIBRATION ON CRYOGENS BOIL-OFF DURING LAUNCH, TRANSFER AND TRANSPORT by ERIN SCHLICHENMAIER B.S. Mechanical Engineering, University of Central Florida, 2003 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering in the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering in the College of Engineering and Computer Science at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Summer Term 2016 ABSTRACT Boil-off of a cryogenic fluid which is caused by the temperature difference between the fluid and its environment is a phenomenon which has long been studied and is well understood. However, vibrational excitation of a cryogenic storage tank and the fluid inside it also play a role in the loss of cryogens. Mechanical energy applied to the system in the form of vibrational input is converted into thermal energy via viscous damping of the fluid.
    [Show full text]