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UC Berkeley California Classical Studies Title Alexander of Aphrodisias and the Text of Aristotle's Metaphysics Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/16q3c0w4 ISBN 9781939926067 Author Kotwick, Mirjam E. Publication Date 2016-03-11 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Alexander of Aphrodisias and the Text of Aristotle’s Metaphysics CALIFORNIA CLASSICAL STUDIES NUMBER 4 Editorial Board Chair: Donald Mastronarde Editorial Board: Alessandro Barchiesi, Todd Hickey, Emily Mackil, Richard Martin, Robert Morstein-Marx, J. Theodore Peña, Kim Shelton California Classical Studies publishes peer-reviewed long-form scholarship with online open access and print-on-demand availability. The primary aim of the series is to disseminate basic research (editing and analysis of primary materials both textual and physical), data-heavy re- search, and highly specialized research of the kind that is either hard to place with the leading publishers in Classics or extremely expensive for libraries and individuals when produced by a leading academic publisher. In addition to promoting archaeological publications, papyrolog- ical and epigraphic studies, technical textual studies, and the like, the series will also produce selected titles of a more general profile. The startup phase of this project (2013–2015) is supported by a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. The current volume has been selected by the Editorial Board as the winner of the 2014 CCS competition to identify distinguished work by junior scholars. Also in the series: Number 1: Leslie Kurke, The Traffic in Praise: Pindar and the Poetics of Social Economy, 2013 Number 2: Edward Courtney, A Commentary on the Satires of Juvenal, 2013 Number 3: Mark Griffith, Greek Satyr Play: Five Studies, 2015 ALEXANDER OF APHRODISIAS AND THE TEXT OF ARISTOTLE’S METAPHYSICS Mirjam E. Kotwick CALIFORNIA CLASSICAL STUDIES Berkeley, California © 2016 by Mirjam E. Kotwick. California Classical Studies c/o Department of Classics University of California Berkeley, California 94720–2520 USA http://calclassicalstudies.org email: [email protected] ISBN 9781939926067 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015953938 CONTENTS Acknowledgments ix Sigla and Abbreviations xi 1. Introduction 1 2. The Transmission of Alexander’s Metaphysics Commentary 20 2.1 The authentic part of the commentary (books A–Δ) 20 2.2 The Greek manuscripts and the modern editions of the commentary 23 2.3 The Latin translation by Sepúlveda 26 2.4 The so-called recensio altera 28 2.5 The Arabic fragments of the commentary on book Λ 29 3. Alexander’s Commentary as a Witness to the Metaphysics Text 33 3.1 Preliminary considerations: How many Metaphysics exemplars did Alexander use? 34 3.2 The evidence in the lemmata 38 3.3 The evidence in the quotations 50 3.4 The evidence in the paraphrase and the critical discussion 55 3.5 Alexander’s sources for the Metaphysics Text 60 3.5.1 Aspasius? Others? 60 vi CONTENTS 3.5.2 Did Alexander know readings from ωαβ? 70 3.5.2.1 Alex. In Metaph. 354.28–355.5 on Arist. Metaph. Δ 3, 1014a26–31 70 3.5.2.2 Alex. Fr. 12 Freudenthal (Averroes, Lām 1481) on Arist. Metaph. Λ 3, 1070a18–19 75 3.5.2.3 Alex. In Metaph. 137.2–5; 138.24–28 on Arist. Metaph. α 1, 993a29–b2 78 3.5.2.4 Alex. In Metaph. 169.4–11 on Arist. Metaph. α 3, 995a12–19 83 3.6 Alexander’s distinction between variants and conjectures 89 4. Alexander’s Text (ωAL) and the Direct Transmission (ωαβ) 99 4.1 Separative errors in ωαβ against ωAL 99 4.1.1 Alex. In Metaph. 174.5–6; 25–27 on Arist. Metaph. α 3, 995a12–20 101 4.1.2 Alex. In Metaph. 264.28–35; 265.6–9 on Arist. Metaph. Γ 3, 1005a19–23 105 4.1.3 Alex. In Metaph. 220.1–4 on Arist. Metaph. B 4, 1000a26–32 112 4.1.4 Alex. In Metaph. 204.23–31 on Arist. Metaph. B 3, 998b14–19 121 4.2 Separative errors in ωAL against ωαβ 124 4.2.1 Alex. In Metaph. 11.3–6 on Arist. Metaph. A 2, 982a19–25 124 4.2.2 Alex. In Metaph. 167.7–14 on Arist. Metaph. α 3, 994b32–995a3 126 4.2.3 Alex. In Metaph. 273.20–26; 34–274.2 on Arist. Metaph. Γ 4, 1006a18–24 13o 4.2.4 Alex. In Metaph. 228.29–229.1 on Arist. Metaph. B 5, 1001b26–28 134 4.3 ωAL as criterion for priority in cases of divergence between α and β 138 4.3.1 Separative errors in α against β + ωAL 140 4.3.1.1 Alex. In Metaph. 299.5–9 on Arist. Metaph. Γ 4, 1008b12–19 140 4.3.1.2 Alex. In Metaph. 419.25–420.3 on Arist. Metaph. Δ 22, 1022b32–36 146 4.3.1.3 Alex. In Metaph. 257.7–16 on Arist. Metaph. Γ 2, 1004a31–b3 153 4.3.2 Separative errors in β against α + ωAL 157 4.3.2.1 Alex. In Metaph. 292.13–16 on Arist. Metaph. Γ 4, 1007b 29–1008a2 157 4.3.2.2 Alex. In Metaph. 182.32–38 on Arist. Metaph. B 2, 996a 29–996b1 161 CONTENTS vii 4.3.2.3 Alex. In Metaph. 303.23–29 on Arist. Metaph. Γ 5, 1009a22–28 164 4.3.3 Reconstruction of an ωαβ-reading from ωAL and two differently corrupted readings in α and β: Alex. In Metaph. 329.33–330.8 on Arist. Metaph. Γ 7, 1011b35–1012a1 167 5. Contamination of the Direct Transmission by Alexander’s Commentary 178 5.1 Contamination of ωαβ by Alexander’s comments 178 5.1.1 Alex. In Metaph. 206.9–12 on Arist. Metaph. B 3, 998b22–28 178 5.1.2 Alex. In Metaph. 438.14–17 on Arist. Metaph. Δ 30, 1025a21–25 187 5.1.3 Alex. In Metaph. 372.10–17 on Arist. Metaph. Δ 7, 1017a35–b6 191 5.1.4 Alex. In Metaph. 164.15–165.5 on Arist. Metaph. α 2, 994b21–27 198 5.1.5 Alex. Fr. 12 Freudenthal (Averroes, Lām 1481–82) on Arist. Metaph. Λ 3, 1070a13–19 200 5.2 Contamination of β by Alexander’s comments 207 5.2.1 Alex. In Metaph. 421.7–15 on Arist. Metaph. Δ 23, 1023a 17–21 208 5.2.2 Alex. In Metaph. 285.32–36; 286.2–6 on Arist. Metaph. Γ 4, 1007a20–23 212 5.2.3 Alex. In Metaph. 262.37–263.5 on Arist. Metaph. Γ 2, 1005a2–8 219 5.2.4 Alex. In Metaph. 144.15–145.8 on Arist. Metaph. α 1, 993b19–23 224 5.2.5 Alex. In Metaph. 31.27–32.9 on Arist. Metaph. A 3, 984b8–13 230 5.2.6 Alex. In Metaph. 295.29–32 on Arist. Metaph. Γ 4, 1008a18–27 235 5.3 Contamination of α by Alexander’s comments 241 5.3.1 Alex. In Metaph. 26.14–18 on Arist. Metaph. A 3, 983b33–984a3 242 5.3.2 Alex. In Metaph. 38.5–7 on Arist. Metaph. A 5, 985b23–29 245 5.3.3 Alex. In Metaph. 33.17–19; 23–26 on Arist. Metaph. A 4, 985a4–10 249 5.3.4 Alex. In Metaph. 67.20–68.4 on Arist. Metaph. Α 8, 989a22–26 254 5.3.5 Alex. In Metaph. 380.25–30; 381.1–4 on Arist. Metaph. Δ 10, 1018a20–25 259 5.4 Contamination of β by ωAL or of α by Alexander’s report of a varia lectio? 266 5.4.1 Alex. In Metaph. 347.19–25; 348.5–8 on Arist. Metaph. Δ 1, 1013a17–23 266 5.4.2 Alex. In Metaph. 145.8–12; 19–146.4 on Arist. Metaph. α 1, 993b19–23 271 viii CONTENTS 6. Results 279 Appendices A. A Diagram of the Ancient Greek Tradition of the Metaphysics 282 B. Lemmata in Alexander’s commentary 283 C. Quotations from the Metaphysics in Alexander’s commentary 293 D. Alexander’s paraphrase in cases of α-/β-divergences 313 Bibliography 323 Index Locorum 335 General Index 337 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This study is a translated (from the German) and revised version of my disserta- tion, which was accepted in February 2014 by the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universi- tät Munich, Germany. First of all I want to thank my doctoral adviser, Professor Oliver Primavesi, who introduced me to the study of the transmission of Aristotle’s Metaphysics and generously shared with me his broad experience, his deep learning, and his masterful skill. The training I received through participation in his project of a new critical edition of Metaphysics A was tremendous, yet the learning I acquired through my time as his assistant reached far beyond that. During my work on this study I could draw from a variety of sources that Pro- fessor Primavesi generously made available to me. The Greek text of Aristotle’s Metaphysics used in the present study is based on the new collations that were produced by Dr. Pantelis Golitsis and Ingo Steinel (Aristoteles-Archiv, Berlin) on behalf of Professor Primavesi and funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemein- schaft. The Greek text of Alexander’s commentary I used in my dissertation was based on the editions by Bonitz (1847) and Hayduck (1891), the manuscript Lau- rentianus plut. 85,1 (= O), and the Latin translation by Sepúlveda (1527). A digital copy of ms. O was made available to me by Professor Primavesi and through the funding of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.
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    Place Names Latitude Longitude Numbers of Times Mentioned Adriatic Sea 42.7752864 15.885196 3 Paphos 34.757212 32.406593 1 Oaxos 35.3080415 24.8441326 2 Petra 35.25 26.25 2 Siphnus 35.208535 26.108246 4 Abae 38.5831615 22.929852 5 Abdera 40.93950935 24.9795992 13 Abydos 26.409131 31.91627145 18 Acarnania 38.71765475 21.19036225 2 Achaia 38.10212147 22.22458591 8 Achelous river 38.3388321 21.1067111 3 Acheron river 39.2348296 20.4831346 2 Achilleum 39.914982 26.1511315 1 Achilles 46.5 31.5 1 Pyrene 42.468926 2.866662 1 Adramytteum 39.5023635 26.936321 1 Aegaen Sea 37.44094966 25.85418454 9 Aegina island 37.7409397 23.430141 51 Egyptian sea 31.15802 32.68554 1 Egypt 19.21140877 30.56732963 263 Aeolia 38.84644288 26.95080175 2 Ethiopia 14.125005 38.721522 22 Aetolia 38.51650426 21.75966982 1 Agathyrsi 47.5 27.5 11 Agora 40.513545 26.786353 1 Aegae 38.154879 22.314637 2 Aegaleos Mountain 37.154 21.721 1 Aege 39.978627 23.666064 1 Aegira 38.1297925 22.377887 1 Aegilea island 38.1771519 24.1749085 2 Aegion 38.252707 22.081952 1 Aenea 40.439481 22.879124 2 Aenus 40.7248985 26.085729 2 Aenyra 40.683333 24.65 1 Aesa 40.309275 23.060368 1 Acanthus 40.39975 23.880112 8 Acragas 37.29289215 13.58945448 4 Acrothoum 38.4526062 23.2197021 1 Akrothooi 40.183833 24.34933 1 Alabanda 37.59557847 27.97571613 2 Alalia 42.10240033 9.511828 2 Alopecae 37.95 23.749997 1 Alpeni 38.801852 22.586084 4 Amathus 34.712264 33.13708095 3 Ampelus headland 37.75 26.75 2 Amphicaea 38.642319 22.598214 1 Amphissa 38.518403 22.374172 2 Anagyrous 37.8300155 23.804843 1 Anaphlystus
  • Herodicus, the Father of Sports Medicine Anastasios D

    Herodicus, the Father of Sports Medicine Anastasios D

    University of Nebraska at Omaha DigitalCommons@UNO Journal Articles Department of Biomechanics 3-2007 Herodicus, the father of sports medicine Anastasios D. Georgoulis University of Ioannina Irini-Sofia Kiapidou University of Ioannina Lamprini Velogianni University of Ioannina Nicholas Stergiou University of Nebraska at Omaha, [email protected] Arthur Boland Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/biomechanicsarticles Part of the Biomechanics Commons Recommended Citation Georgoulis, Anastasios D.; Kiapidou, Irini-Sofia; Velogianni, Lamprini; Stergiou, Nicholas; and Boland, Arthur, "Herodicus, the father of sports medicine" (2007). Journal Articles. 96. https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/biomechanicsarticles/96 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Biomechanics at DigitalCommons@UNO. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal Articles by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UNO. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HERODICUS, THE FATHER OF SPORTS MEDICINE. Anastasios D. Georgoulis1, MD; Irini-Sofia Kiapidou1, PhD; Lamprini Velogianni1, Ma; Nicholas Stergiou2, PhD and Arthur Boland3, MD. 1Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Center of Ioannina, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Ioannina, PO BOX 1330, Ioannina 45110, Greece 2HPER Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA 3Massachusetts General Hospital, Sports Medicine/Shoulder Service, Yawkey Center 3G, Suite 3200, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA Contact details Anastasios D. Georgoulis, MD Methodiou Anthrakitou 1 Ioannina 45221, Greece E-mail: [email protected] TEL/FAX: (+30) 26510-64980 1 ABSTRACT Herodicus (5th century BC) is the first person in the history of medicine who actually combined sports with medicine. He used to be a sports teacher, who later studied medicine and managed to succeed Euryphon in the medical school of Cnidos, one of the most prominent in ancient Greece together with its neighbor medical school of Cos (Hippocrates’ home).