DOCSLIB.ORG

Untersuchungen Zum Vorkommen Und Zur Bedeutung Von Mykoplasmen Bei Weißstörchen (Ciconia Ciconia, LINNAEUS, 1758) Und Beschrei

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Untersuchungen Zum Vorkommen Und Zur Bedeutung Von Mykoplasmen Bei Weißstörchen (Ciconia Ciconia, LINNAEUS, 1758) Und Beschrei Untersuchungen zum Vorkommen und zur Bedeutung von Mykoplasmen bei Weißstörchen (Ciconia ciconia, LINNAEUS, 1758) und Beschreibung einer neuen Spezies (Mycoplasma ciconiae sp. nov.) Franca Möller Palau-Ribes MYKOPLASMEN BEI WEIßSTÖRCHEN édition scientifique VVB LAUFERSWEILER VERLAG Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Dr. med. vet. VVB LAUFERSWEILER VERLAG STAUFENBERGRING 15 ISBN: 978-3-8359-6491-4 D-35396 GIESSEN beim Fachbereich Veterinärmedizin der Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen VVB FRANCA MÖLLER PALAU-RIBES Tel: 0641-5599888 Fax: -5599890 [email protected] www.doktorverlag.de 9 7 8 3 8 3 5 9 6 4 9 1 4 Picture front cover: © Zos Zwarts und Ardea édition scientifique (Official journal of the Netherlands Ornithologists‘ Union) VVB LAUFERSWEILER VERLAG VVB VVB VERLAG Das Werk ist in allen seinen Teilen urheberrechtlich geschützt. Die rechtliche Verantwortung für den gesamten Inhalt dieses Buches liegt ausschließlich bei den Autoren dieses Werkes. Jede Verwertung ist ohne schriftliche Zustimmung der Autoren oder des Verlages unzulässig. Das gilt insbesondere für Vervielfältigungen, Übersetzungen, Mikroverfilmungen und die Einspeicherung in und Verarbeitung durch elektronische Systeme. 1. Auflage 2016 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the Authors or the Publisher. 1st Edition 2016 © 2016 by VVB LAUFERSWEILER VERLAG, Giessen Printed in Germany édition scientifique VVB LAUFERSWEILER VERLAG STAUFENBERGRING 15, D-35396 GIESSEN Tel: 0641-5599888 Fax: 0641-5599890 email: [email protected] www.doktorverlag.de Aus der Klinik für Vögel, Reptilien, Amphibien und Fische der Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen Betreuer: Prof. Dr. Michael Lierz Untersuchungen zum Vorkommen und zur Bedeutung von Mykoplasmen bei Weißstörchen (Ciconia ciconia, LINNAEUS, 1758) und Beschreibung einer neuen Spezies (Mycoplasma ciconiae sp. nov.) INAUGURAL-DISSERTATION zur Erlangung des Grades eines Dr. med. vet. beim Fachbereich Veterinärmedizin der Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen Eingereicht von Franca Möller Palau-Ribes Tierärztin aus Bonn Bad Godesberg Gießen, 2016 2 Mit Genehmigung des Fachbereichs Veterinärmedizin der Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen Dekan: Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. M. Kramer 1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. M. Lierz 2. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. R. Bauerfeind Prüfer: PD Dr. R. Hospes Tag der Disputation: 12. September 2016 Meiner Familie 4 Teile dieser Arbeit wurden wurden auf folgenden Kongressen vorgestellt, bzw. in fol- genden Fachzeitschriften veröffentlicht: F. MÖLLER PALAU-RIBES, D. ENDERLEIN, N. HAGEN, W. HERBST, H.M. HAFEZ, M. LIERZ (2016): Description and prevalence of Mycoplasma ciconiae sp. nov. isolated from white stork nestlings (Ciconia ciconia), International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2016 Jun 6. doi: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001220 [Epub ahead of print]. F. MÖLLER PALAU-RIBES, L. ZIEGLER, D. ENDERLEIN, M. LIERZ (2013): The mycoplasmal flora of white storks (Ciconia ciconia).* Vortrag. Tagungsband der First International Conference on Avian, Herpetological and Exotic Mammal Medicine 2013 (ISBN: 978-3- 8359-6008-4), Wiesbaden, Deutschland, S. 392-393. *Ausgezeichnet mit dem Helga Gerlach Student Award (Third Price) F. MÖLLER PALAU-RIBES, D. ENDERLEIN, C. BARTSCH, S.L. VOIGT-HEUCKE, M. WEIß, M. HUSSEIN, S. KIPPER, M. LIERZ (2012): Relevance of Mycoplasma in Ecologically Di- verse Avian Species. Vortrag und Poster. Tagungsband des 19th International Con- gress of the IOM, Toulouse, Frankreich, 15.-20.07.2012, S. 41. F. MÖLLER PALAU-RIBES, H.M. HAFEZ, N. HAGEN, C. BARTSCH, M. WEIß, S. KIPPER, M. LIERZ (2011): Significance of mycoplasmas in ecologically differing avian species such as white storks (Ciconia ciconia) and nightingales (Luscinia megarhynchos). Vortrag. Tagungsband Mycoplasma 2011, Göttingen, Deutschland, 04.-05.07.2011, S. 11. M. LIERZ, F. MÖLLER PALAU-RIBES, N. HAGEN, C. BARTSCH, M. WEIß, H.M. HAFEZ, S. KIP- PER (2011): Role of mycoplasmas in free-ranging white stork (Ciconia ciconia) and nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos) populations. Vortrag. Tagungsband des European Mycoplasma Meeting, Chertsey, Großbritannien, 22.-24.06.2011, S. 21. VERZEICHNISSE I. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 EINLEITUNG .................................................................................................... 1 2 LITERATURÜBERSICHT ................................................................................. 4 2.1 Mollicutes (Mykoplasmen) ................................................................................ 4 2.1.1 Phylogenese und Taxonomie ........................................................................... 4 2.1.2 Biologie ............................................................................................................. 6 2.1.3 Veterinärmedizinische Bedeutung .................................................................... 9 2.1.4 Geflügelpathogene Mykoplasmen .................................................................. 12 2.1.4.1 Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) ..................................................................... 12 2.1.4.2 Mycoplasma gallisepticum bei Finkenvögeln .................................................. 16 2.1.4.3 Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) ............................................................................ 18 2.1.4.4 Mycoplasma meleagridis (MM) ....................................................................... 21 2.1.4.5 Mycoplasma iowae (MI) .................................................................................. 22 2.1.5 Weitere aviäre Mykoplasmen .......................................................................... 23 2.1.6 Aviäre Ureaplasmen ....................................................................................... 30 2.1.7 Unbekannte und nicht valide beschriebene Mykoplasmenspezies ................. 31 2.2 Bedeutung von Mykoplasmen für Wildvögel und Wildvogelpopulationen ....... 32 2.3 Diagnostik aviärer Mykoplasmen .................................................................... 36 2.3.1 Direkte Nachweisverfahren ............................................................................. 38 2.3.1.1 Kultivierung von Mykoplasmen ....................................................................... 38 2.3.1.2 Identifizierung von Mykoplasmenisolaten ....................................................... 40 I VERZEICHNISSE 2.3.1.3 Molekularbiologische Nachweismethoden ...................................................... 42 2.3.2 Indirekte Nachweisverfahren ........................................................................... 47 2.4 Beschreibung neuer Spezies der Klasse Mollicutes ....................................... 48 2.5 Der Weißstorch ............................................................................................... 51 2.5.1 Biologie des Weißstorches .............................................................................. 53 2.5.2 Übersicht mikrobiologischer und toxikologischer Befunde bei Weißstörchen . 54 2.6 Fragestellung .................................................................................................. 56 3 MATERIAL UND METHODEN ....................................................................... 57 3.1 Material ........................................................................................................... 57 3.1.1 Geräte, Reagenzien und Verbrauchsmaterial ................................................. 57 3.1.2 Bezeichnung und Herkunft der Mykoplasmenkulturen .................................... 57 3.2 Methoden ........................................................................................................ 63 3.2.1 Kultivierung von Mykoplasmen ....................................................................... 63 3.2.2 Kultivierung anderer Bakterien ........................................................................ 64 3.2.3 Molekularbiologische Untersuchungen ........................................................... 64 3.2.3.1 Extraktion der DNA ......................................................................................... 65 3.2.3.2 Bestimmung der DNA-Konzentration in Lösungen .......................................... 65 3.2.3.3 Polymerase-Kettenreaktionen (PCR) .............................................................. 65 3.2.3.3.1 16S-rRNA-PCR nach VAN KUPPEVELD et al. (1992), modifiziert nach HAGEN (2007) (16S-rRNA-PCR) ................................................................................. 66 3.2.3.3.2 16S-23S-Intergenic-Transcribed-Spacer-Region-PCR nach RAMÍREZ et al. (2008) (ITS-PCR) ............................................................................................ 67 II VERZEICHNISSE 3.2.3.3.3 Etablierung einer speziesspezifischen PCR für das Isolat ST57 (ST57-PCR) 68 3.2.3.4 Agarosegelelektrophorese .............................................................................. 69 3.2.3.5 Aufreinigung der DNA-Amplikons ................................................................... 70 3.2.3.6 Sequenzierung und Sequenzanalysen ........................................................... 70 3.2.4 Serologische und zusätzliche phänotypische Untersuchungen ...................... 73 3.2.4.1 Biochemische Eigenschaften .......................................................................... 73 3.2.4.1.1 Fermentation von Glucose .............................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Role of Earthworm Gut-Associated Microorganisms in the Fate of Prions in Soil
    THE ROLE OF EARTHWORM GUT-ASSOCIATED MICROORGANISMS IN THE FATE OF PRIONS IN SOIL Von der Fakultät für Lebenswissenschaften der Technischen Universität Carolo-Wilhelmina zu Braunschweig zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) genehmigte D i s s e r t a t i o n von Taras Jur’evič Nechitaylo aus Krasnodar, Russland 2 Acknowledgement I would like to thank Prof. Dr. Kenneth N. Timmis for his guidance in the work and help. I thank Peter N. Golyshin for patience and strong support on this way. Many thanks to my other colleagues, which also taught me and made the life in the lab and studies easy: Manuel Ferrer, Alex Neef, Angelika Arnscheidt, Olga Golyshina, Tanja Chernikova, Christoph Gertler, Agnes Waliczek, Britta Scheithauer, Julia Sabirova, Oleg Kotsurbenko, and other wonderful labmates. I am also grateful to Michail Yakimov and Vitor Martins dos Santos for useful discussions and suggestions. I am very obliged to my family: my parents and my brother, my parents on low and of course to my wife, which made all of their best to support me. 3 Summary.....................................................………………………………………………... 5 1. Introduction...........................................................................................................……... 7 Prion diseases: early hypotheses...………...………………..........…......…......……….. 7 The basics of the prion concept………………………………………………….……... 8 Putative prion dissemination pathways………………………………………….……... 10 Earthworms: a putative factor of the dissemination of TSE infectivity in soil?.………. 11 Objectives of the study…………………………………………………………………. 16 2. Materials and Methods.............................…......................................................……….. 17 2.1 Sampling and general experimental design..................................................………. 17 2.2 Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH)………..……………………….………. 18 2.2.1 FISH with soil, intestine, and casts samples…………………………….……... 18 Isolation of cells from environmental samples…………………………….……….
    [Show full text]
  • Engineering the Genome of Minimal Bacteria Using CRISPR/Cas9 Tools Iason Tsarmpopoulos
    Engineering the genome of minimal bacteria using CRISPR/Cas9 tools Iason Tsarmpopoulos To cite this version: Iason Tsarmpopoulos. Engineering the genome of minimal bacteria using CRISPR/Cas9 tools. Mi- crobiology and Parasitology. Université de Bordeaux, 2017. English. NNT : 2017BORD0787. tel- 01834971 HAL Id: tel-01834971 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01834971 Submitted on 11 Jul 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. THÈSE PRÉSENTÉE POUR OBTENIR LE GRADE DE DOCTEUR DE L’UNIVERSITÉ DE BORDEAUX ÉCOLE DOCTORALE Science de la vie et de la Santé SPÉCIALITÉ Microbiologie and Immunologie Par Iason TSARMPOPOULOS Ingénierie de génome de bactéries minimales par des outils CRISPR/Cas9 Sous la direction de : Monsieur Pascal SIRAND-PUGNET Soutenue le jeudi 07 décembre 2017 à 14h00 Lieu : INRA, 71 avenue Edouard Bourlaux 33882 Villenave d'Ornon salle Amphithéâtre Josy et Colette Bové Membres du jury : Mme Cécile BEBEAR Université de Bordeaux et CHU de Bordeaux Président Mme Florence TARDY Anses-Laboratoire de Lyon Rapporteur M. Matthieu JULES Institut Micalis, INRA and AgroParisTech Rapporteur M. David BIKARD Institut Pasteur Examinateur M. Fabien DARFEUILLE INSERM U1212 - CNRS UMR 5320 Invité Mme Carole LARTIGUE-PRAT INRA - Université de Bordeaux Invité M.
    [Show full text]
  • CGM-18-001 Perseus Report Update Bacterial Taxonomy Final Errata
    report Update of the bacterial taxonomy in the classification lists of COGEM July 2018 COGEM Report CGM 2018-04 Patrick L.J. RÜDELSHEIM & Pascale VAN ROOIJ PERSEUS BVBA Ordering information COGEM report No CGM 2018-04 E-mail: [email protected] Phone: +31-30-274 2777 Postal address: Netherlands Commission on Genetic Modification (COGEM), P.O. Box 578, 3720 AN Bilthoven, The Netherlands Internet Download as pdf-file: http://www.cogem.net → publications → research reports When ordering this report (free of charge), please mention title and number. Advisory Committee The authors gratefully acknowledge the members of the Advisory Committee for the valuable discussions and patience. Chair: Prof. dr. J.P.M. van Putten (Chair of the Medical Veterinary subcommittee of COGEM, Utrecht University) Members: Prof. dr. J.E. Degener (Member of the Medical Veterinary subcommittee of COGEM, University Medical Centre Groningen) Prof. dr. ir. J.D. van Elsas (Member of the Agriculture subcommittee of COGEM, University of Groningen) Dr. Lisette van der Knaap (COGEM-secretariat) Astrid Schulting (COGEM-secretariat) Disclaimer This report was commissioned by COGEM. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of the authors and may in no way be taken to represent the views of COGEM. Dit rapport is samengesteld in opdracht van de COGEM. De meningen die in het rapport worden weergegeven, zijn die van de auteurs en weerspiegelen niet noodzakelijkerwijs de mening van de COGEM. 2 | 24 Foreword COGEM advises the Dutch government on classifications of bacteria, and publishes listings of pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria that are updated regularly. These lists of bacteria originate from 2011, when COGEM petitioned a research project to evaluate the classifications of bacteria in the former GMO regulation and to supplement this list with bacteria that have been classified by other governmental organizations.
    [Show full text]
  • Mycoplasma 16S Ribosomal RNA Gene
    Techne ® qPCR test Mycoplasma 16S ribosomal RNA gene 150 tests For general laboratory and research use only Quantification of Mycoplasma genomes. 1 Advanced kit handbook HB10.03.07 Introduction to Mycoplasma Mycoplasmas are a genus of Gram negative, aerobic, pathogenic bacteria that have been isolated from many animal species. They are members of the class Mollicutes, which contains approximately 200 known species. They are unique among prokaryotes in that they lack a cell wall and are not susceptible to many commonly prescribed antibiotics, including beta-lactams. The small genome size of Mycoplasma organisms are associated with reduced metabolic pathways such that they rely heavily on the nutrients afforded by the host environment. N.B. genesig® has kits to detect specific types of mycoplasma and the handbooks for these kits contain further details specific to that individual pathogen. Quantification of Mycoplasma genomes. 2 Advanced kit handbook HB10.03.07 Specificity MAX MIN The Techne qPCR Kit for Mycoplasma (Mycoplasma) genomes is designed for the in vitro quantification of Mycoplasma genomes. The kit is designed to have the broadest detection profile possible whilst remaining specific to the Mycoplasma genome. The primers and probe sequences in this kit have 100% homology with a broad range of Mycoplasma sequences based on a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. Among others, the kit will detect the following species of Mycoplasma: Mycoplasma agassizii, Mycoplasma anatis, Mycoplasma anseris, Mycoplasma arginine,Mycoplasma arthritidis,
    [Show full text]
  • Mycoplasma Genesig Advanced
    Primerdesign TM Ltd Mycoplasma 16S ribosomal RNA gene genesig® Advanced Kit 150 tests For general laboratory and research use only Quantification of Mycoplasma genomes. 1 genesig Advanced kit handbook HB10.03.11 Published Date: 09/11/2018 Introduction to Mycoplasma Mycoplasmas are a genus of Gram negative, aerobic, pathogenic bacteria that have been isolated from many animal species. They are members of the class Mollicutes, which contains approximately 200 known species. They are unique among prokaryotes in that they lack a cell wall and are not susceptible to many commonly prescribed antibiotics, including beta-lactams. The small genome size of Mycoplasma organisms are associated with reduced metabolic pathways such that they rely heavily on the nutrients afforded by the host environment. N.B. genesig® has kits to detect specific types of mycoplasma and the handbooks for these kits contain further details specific to that individual pathogen. Quantification of Mycoplasma genomes. 2 genesig Advanced kit handbook HB10.03.11 Published Date: 09/11/2018 Specificity MAX MIN The Primerdesign genesig Kit for Mycoplasma (Mycoplasma) genomes is designed for the in vitro quantification of Mycoplasma genomes. The kit is designed to have a broad detection profile. Specifically, the primers represent 100% homology with over 95% of the NCBI database reference sequences available at the time of design. The dynamics of genetic variation means that new sequence information may become available after the initial design. Primerdesign periodically reviews
    [Show full text]
  • Mycoplasma Genesig Standard
    Primerdesign TM Ltd Mycoplasma 16S ribosomal RNA gene genesig® Standard Kit 150 tests For general laboratory and research use only Quantification of Mycoplasma genomes. 1 genesig Standard kit handbook HB10.04.10 Published Date: 09/11/2018 Introduction to Mycoplasma Mycoplasmas are a genus of Gram negative, aerobic, pathogenic bacteria that have been isolated from many animal species. They are members of the class Mollicutes, which contains approximately 200 known species. They are unique among prokaryotes in that they lack a cell wall and are not susceptible to many commonly prescribed antibiotics, including beta-lactams. The small genome size of Mycoplasma organisms are associated with reduced metabolic pathways such that they rely heavily on the nutrients afforded by the host environment. N.B. genesig® has kits to detect specific types of mycoplasma and the handbooks for these kits contain further details specific to that individual pathogen. Quantification of Mycoplasma genomes. 2 genesig Standard kit handbook HB10.04.10 Published Date: 09/11/2018 Specificity MAX MIN The Primerdesign genesig Kit for Mycoplasma (Mycoplasma) genomes is designed for the in vitro quantification of Mycoplasma genomes. The kit is designed to have a broad detection profile. Specifically, the primers represent 100% homology with over 95% of the NCBI database reference sequences available at the time of design. The dynamics of genetic variation means that new sequence information may become available after the initial design. Primerdesign periodically reviews
    [Show full text]
  • 46° Congresso NAZIONALE DI MICROBIOLOGIA
    Sommario 26/09/2018 – CORSO – PRECONGRESSUALE .......................................................................................... 21 SEPSI: LA DIAGNOSTICA RAPIDA NELLA MICROBIOLOGIA DEL FUTURO .................................................. 21 Diagnostic and prognostic role of biomarkers during clinical sepsis ....................................................... 21 Giovanni Matera ..................................................................................................................................... 21 Execution, transport and preservation procedures of sampling for blood culture in cases of suspected sepsis: recommendations from a board of Italian experts ........................................................................ 22 Giovanni Gherardi .................................................................................................................................. 22 Caso clinico dell’Unità di Microbiologia e Microbiologia Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Clinico- Chirurgiche, Diagnostiche e Pediatriche, Università degli Studi di Pavia ................................................. 23 Elisabetta Nucleo ..................................................................................................................................... 23 Appropriatezza delle indagini microbiologiche in paziente con peritonite secondaria ........................... 24 Teresa M.A. Fasciana and Andrea Corteggiani ...................................................................................... 24 Caratterizzazione
    [Show full text]
  • The Classification of the Pleuropneumonia Group of Organisms (Borrelomycetales) E
    INTERNATIONAL BULLETIN OF BACTERIOLOGICAL NOMENCLATURE AND TAXONOMY Volume 5 April 15, 1955 No. 2 pp*67-78 THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE PLEUROPNEUMONIA GROUP OF ORGANISMS (BORRELOMYCETALES) E. A. FREUNDT Statens Seruminstitut, Copenhagen, Denmark The general properties of the organisms of the pleuro- pneumonia group (pleuropneumonia and pleuropneumonia- like organisms (PPLO)) rpay be summarized as follows: 1. Grow in cell-free culture media. Exacting nutritional requirements for most of the species. 2. A peculiar mode of reproduction characterized by breakingup of filaments (wjth more or less pr~nounced tendency to true branching) into coccoid elementary bodies. 3. A marked tendency to pleomorphism depending on cul- tural conditions. 4. A characteristic appearance of the minute colonies on solid media. 5. Filterability of the smaller reproductive units. 6. Poor affinity for the ordinary bacterial stains. 7. A high resistance to penicillin and sulfathiazole. Nutritional requirements. With the exception of the sap- rophytic species, laidlawii , all other species require enrichment with serum or ascitic fluid for growthon artificial media. Both protein and lipid components appear to be necessary(Edward and Fitzgerald(l951), Edward(1953), Smith and Morton (1951,1953)). The ability of rabbit serum agar (low concentration of cholesterol) to support a poor or good growth can be used as a mark of differentiationbetween different species (Edward, 1954). The addition of a filtrate of a staphylococcal culture or fresh extract in a small eon- centration has been found to improve the growth of some strains (Edward, 1947). Desoxyribonucleic acid appears to be necessary for certain strains, at leist at their first iso- lation (Edward, 1954).
    [Show full text]
  • Mycoplasma Ellychniae Sp. Nov., a Sterol-Requiring Mollicute from the Firefly Beetle Ellychnia Comma JOSEPH G
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICBACTERIOLOGY, July 1989, p. 284-289 Vol. 39, No. 3 0020-7713/89/030284-06$02.00/0 Copyright 0 1989, International Union of Microbiological Societies Mycoplasma ellychniae sp. nov., a Sterol-Requiring Mollicute from the Firefly Beetle Ellychnia comma JOSEPH G. TULLY,l* DAVID L. ROSE,l KEVIN J. HACKETT,2 ROBERT F. WHITCOMB,2 PATRICIA CARLE,' JOSEPH M. BOVE,3 DAVID E. COLFLESH,4 AND DAVID L. WILLIAMSON' Mycoplasma Section, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Injectious Diseases, Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Frederick, Maryland 21 701 I; Insect Pathology Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 2070j2; Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Mole'culaire, Institut Nationale de Recherche Agronomique, Pont-de-la-Maye, France3; and Department of Anatomical Sciences, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 1179# Strain ELCN-lT (T = type strain), which was isolated from the hemolymph of the firefly beetle Ellychniu corrusca (Co1eoptera:Lampyridae) in Maryland, was shown to be a sterol-requiring mollicute. Electron and dark-field microscopy showed that the organism consisted of small, nonhelical, nonmotile, pleomorphic coccoid cells. Individual cells were surrounded by a single cytoplasmic membrane, but no evidence of a cell wall was observed. The organism grew well in SP-4 broth medium containing fetal bovine serum, but failed to grow in formulations containing horse serum or bovine serum fraction supplements. Growth on solid media occurred only when agar cultures were incubated aerobically or in an atmosphere containing 5% carbon dioxide. Strain ELCN-lTcatabolized glucose but did not hydrolyze arginine or urea.
    [Show full text]
  • Mycoplasma 16S Ribosomal RNA Gene
    PCRmax Ltd TM qPCR test Mycoplasma 16S ribosomal RNA gene 150 tests For general laboratory and research use only 1 Introduction to Mycoplasma Mycoplasmas are a genus of Gram negative, aerobic, pathogenic bacteria that have been isolated from many animal species. They are members of the class Mollicutes, which contains approximately 200 known species. They are unique among prokaryotes in that they lack a cell wall and are not susceptible to many commonly prescribed antibiotics, including beta-lactams. The small genome size of Mycoplasma organisms are associated with reduced metabolic pathways such that they rely heavily on the nutrients afforded by the host environment. N.B. genesig® has kits to detect specific types of mycoplasma and the handbooks for these kits contain further details specific to that individual pathogen. 2 Specificity MAX MIN The PCR Max qPCR Kit for Mycoplasma (Mycoplasma) genomes is designed for the in vitro quantification of Mycoplasma genomes. The kit is designed to have the broadest detection profile possible whilst remaining specific to the Mycoplasma genome. The primers and probe sequences in this kit have 100% homology with a broad range of Mycoplasma sequences based on a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. Among others, the kit will detect the following species of Mycoplasma: Mycoplasma agassizii, Mycoplasma anatis, Mycoplasma anseris, Mycoplasma arginini,Mycoplasma arthritidis, Mycoplasma auris, Mycoplasma buccale, Mycoplasma canadense, Mycoplasma cloacale, Mycoplasma collis, Mycoplasma columborale, Mycoplasma
    [Show full text]
  • High Quality Draft Genome Sequences of Mycoplasma Agassizii Strains
    Alvarez-Ponce et al. Standards in Genomic Sciences (2018) 13:12 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40793-018-0315-1 EXTENDED GENOME REPORT Open Access High quality draft genome sequences of Mycoplasma agassizii strains PS6T and 723 isolated from Gopherus tortoises with upper respiratory tract disease David Alvarez-Ponce1* , Chava L. Weitzman1, Richard L. Tillett2, Franziska C. Sandmeier3 and C. Richard Tracy1 Abstract Mycoplasma agassizii is one of the known causative agents of upper respiratory tract disease (URTD) in Mojave desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) and in gopher tortoises (Gopherus polyphemus). We sequenced the genomes of M. agassizii strains PS6T (ATCC 700616) and 723 (ATCC 700617) isolated from the upper respiratory tract of a Mojave desert tortoise and a gopher tortoise, respectively, both with signs of URTD. The PS6T genome assembly was organized in eight scaffolds, had a total length of 1,274,972 bp, a G + C content of 28.43%, and contained 979 protein-coding genes, 13 pseudogenes and 35 RNA genes. The 723 genome assembly was organized in 40 scaffolds, had a total length of 1,211,209 bp, a G + C content of 28.34%, and contained 955 protein-coding genes, seven pseudogenes, and 35 RNA genes. Both genomes exhibit a very similar organization and very similar numbers of genes in each functional category. Pairs of orthologous genes encode proteins that are 93.57% identical on average. Homology searches identified a putative cytadhesin. These genomes will enable studies that will help understand the molecular bases of pathogenicity of this and other Mycoplasma species. Keywords: Mycoplasma agassizii, Desert tortoise, Gopher tortoise, Gopherus, Upper respiratory tract disease (URTD), PS6T, ATCC 700616, 723, ATCC 700617 Introduction hypothesis for this finding is that there is genetic variation The genus Mycoplasma, within the bacterial class Mollicutes of M.
    [Show full text]
  • Report of Mollicutes in the Ear Canal of Domestic Dogs in Brazil
    Open Access Library Journal Report of Mollicutes in the Ear Canal of Domestic Dogs in Brazil Sandra Batista dos Santos*, Maína de Souza Almeida, Luana Thamires Rapôso da Silva, Júnior Mário Baltazar de Oliveira, Carlos Adriano de Santana Leal, José Wilton Pinheiro Júnior, Rinaldo Aparecido Mota Laboratory of Infectious Disease of Animals, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil Received 2 June 2016; accepted 8 July 2016; published 11 July 2016 Copyright © 2016 by authors and OALib. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Abstract Several microorganisms as bacteria, fungi, yeast and ectoparasites compose canine ear canal mi- crobiota. These agents can be native or invasive pathogens that cause clinical otitis. The aim of this study was to associate Mollicutes in external ear canal with clinical otitis. 41 domestic dogs were examined, and a total of 82 otologic samples were collected using sterile swabs, placed in a plastic storage tube containing 2 milliliters of sterile phosphate buffer saline (PBS, pH 7.2) and appro- priately labeled. The samples were processed for isolation of Mollicutes using Hayflick’s medium. The frequency of Mollicutes class in the isolation was 32.9% (27/82). 14.8% (4/27) of the dogs, which were positive for Mollicutes, had external otitis and 85.2% (23/27) were healthy dogs. The genus Mycoplasma spp. was detected in 7.4% (2/27) by digitonin test. It was the first isolation of Mollicutes from the external ear canal in dogs. Although there have been important findings in this study, the presence of these bacteria cannot indicate the onset and perpetuation of external otitis in dogs.
    [Show full text]