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Aizoales 3-663.20.00 Aizoales 3-663.20.00 Taxonomy Introduction In the Apg2 classifcation Te suborder is recognised with Lo- Tey have a tendency to give a lot in order to be accepted. Tey phiocarpaceae, Barbeuiaceae, Aizoaceae, Gisekiaceae, Nyctag- want to belong to the group, the family and in order to do so inaceae, Phytolaccaceae and Sarcobataceae. they have a tendency to adapt, to give in. Because they are high- ly sensitive they accurately feel what the others want and need Plant theory and can easily adapt to that. It is only when they feel placed In the Plant theory the above clade is given the name Aizoales. outside of the group that they can become angry. It feels like a Aizoales is placed in Phase 2 of the Caryophyllidae. basic need of life to be accepted but it is difcult for them to feel In the frst version the above Families were placed in the sever- completely accepted as their inner life is ofen felt as peculiar al Subphases. and strange. Tey feel weird in a strange world. Tey feel very In Plant theory 2 only Aizoaceae is lef inPhase 2. religious, a connection with the spiritual world and God and Te other Families are transferred toPhase 3. that connection is ofen not very well accepted in society. Due to their inner convictions they can get in confict with society. Subphases Mostly their solution is to keep their opinions and feelings to 1. Sesuvioideae Aizoaceae themselves; they prefer to avoid the conficts. Tey hope to be 2. Drosanthemoideae Aizoaceae be able to stay with their own inner convictions and that they 3. Bergeranthoideae Aizoaceae will not be forced into conficts about them. 4. Lithopsoideae Aizoaceae 5. Russchioideae Aizoaceae Mind 6. Delospermoideae Aizoaceae Passive. 7. Mesembryanthemoideae Aizoaceae Adapting. Sof, nice, friendly. Easily overruled and overwhelmed. Aizoales Cannot say no. Clades: Caryophyllidae, Asteranae Angiospermae, Plants. Cannot set boundaries. Botany: succulent. Have a strong feeling and desire for autonomy and indepen- dence. Aizoales Spring seminar 2019 16-5-2019 © Copyright J.C. Scholten page 1 3-663.21.00 Sesuvioideae 3-663.25.00 Russchioideae Tetragonieae 1 Antimima argentea Tetragonioideae 7 S11? Lampranthus deltoides Aizoonoideae 9 Astridia hallii 4 R P2 S4 Tetragonia tetragonioides 11 Lampranthus multiradiatus Sesuvium portulacastrum 11 R Lampranthus aureus Zaleya decandra 11 Argyroderma congregatum Trianthema portulacastrum Ruschia caroli Aizoon canariense Argyroderma testiculare Aizoanthemum galenioides P6 Ruschia concinna Gunniopsis tenuifolia Galenia africana 3-663.26.00 Delospermoideae Gibbaeoideae 3-663.22.00 Drosanthemoideae Conophytoideae Apatesioideae 4 R Glottiphyllum depressum 2 R Micropterum papulosum 5 P5 S5 Trichodiadema pomeridianum 4 R P2 Aethephyllum pinnatifdum 5 Oophytum oviforme 5 R S5! Dorotheanthus bellidiformis 5 Frithia pulchra 6 Hymenogyne conica 5 R Trichodiadema densum 7 Saphesia faccida 6 R S6! Gibbaeum pubescens 8 Drosanthemum foribundum 7 P6 Ruschianthus falcatus 8 R P3, S8!! Carpanthea pomeridiana 7 Mitrophyllum mitratum 9 Drosanthemum speciosum 8 Enarganthe octonaria 10 Apatesia helianthoides 8 Cheiridopsis acuminata 13 Caryotophora skiatophytoides 8 Conophytum calculus 16 Conicosia pugioniformis 8 R Cheiridopsis denticulata 16 Conicosia elongata 8 R Cheiridopsis speciosa 4 11 Tanquana prismatica 9 Rhombophyllum dolabriforme 4, 6 Aloinopsis rosulata 10 ? Stoeberia frutescens 11 R Delosperma cooperi 3-663.23.00 Bergeranthoideae 12 Odontophorus marlothii Aloinopsioideae 13 Muiria hortenseae 5 R ! Carruanthus ringens 14 Disphyma crassifolium 8 Hereroa incurva 16 Malephora crocea 8 Chasmatophyllum masculinum Polymita albifora 9 Bergeranthus scapiger 10 P4, S8 Pleiospilos compactus 3-663.27.00 Mesembryanthemoideae 12 R ! S12 Faucaria tigrina 2 Mesembryanthemum rapaceum 13 13 Nananthus vittatus 4 Psilocaulon parviforum 14 14 Rabiea albipuncta 5 Sceletium tortuosum Pleiospilos nelii 6 Aridaria noctifora 7 R Mesembryanthemum crystallinum 3-663.24.00 Lithopsoideae 7 Mesembryanthemum serotinum Leipoldtioideae 8 Mesembryanthemum amplectens 1 Erepsia heteropetala 9 Phyllobolus digitatus 1 Amphibolia maritima 11 Prenia tetragona 2 R Lithops julii 13 R ! Mesembryanthemum cordifolium 3 Lapidaria margaretae 16 Mesembryanthemum marlothii 4 Fenestraria rhopalophylla 5 Dinteranthus microspermus 6 Schwantesia borcherdsii 8 Stomatium bolusiae 8 Wooleya farinosa 10 Cephalophyllum alstonii 10 Cephalophyllum procumbens 11 Jordaaniella anemonifora 12 R ! S12 Carpobrotus deliciosus 12 Carpobrotus acinaciformis 12 R Carpobrotus edulis 12 Eberlanzia spinosa 13 Arenifera stylosa 14 Ebracteola wilmaniae Aizoales Spring seminar 2019 16-5-2019 © Copyright J.C. Scholten page 2 Aizoales 18-5-2019 Utrecht Jan Scholten Aizoales Subphases Aizoales • Genera 1. Lophiocarpaceae • 2 2. Barbeuiaceae • 1 3. Aizoaceae • 125 4. Gisekiaceae • 1 5. Nyctaginaceae • 34 6. Phytolaccaceae • 18 7. Sarcobataceae • 1 Aizoales Subphases Aizoales • Genera Subphases Aizoales 1. Lophiocarpaceae • 2 2. Barbeuiaceae • 1 Unsatisfactory 3. Aizoaceae • 125 4. Gisekiaceae • 1 Unbalanced 5. Nyctaginaceae • 34 6. Phytolaccaceae • 18 7. Sarcobataceae • 1 Aizoales = Aizoaceae Subphases Aizoales Subphases Aizoales • Genera 1. Lophiocarpaceae 1. Sesuvioideae • 10 2. Barbeuiaceae 2. Drosanthemoideae • 6 3. Aizoaceae 3. Bergeranthoideae • ± 27 4. Gisekiaceae 4. Lithopsoideae • ± 20 5. Nyctaginaceae 5. Russchioideae • ± 17 6. Phytolaccaceae 6. Delospermoideae • ± 24 7. Sarcobataceae 7. Mesembryanthemoideae• ± 11 Aizoales Russchia concinna Aizoales Lithops hookeri Aizoaceae Synonyms: Ficoidaceae; Mesembryanthemaceae; Tetragoniaceae English: Vygies; Fig-marigolds; Ice plants; Stone plants; Carpet weeds; Carpetweed family. German: Eiskrautgewächse; Mittagsblumengewächse. French: Aïzoacées; Aizoacées; Aizoacée. Dutch: IJskruidfamilie. Aizoaceae Distinguishing characters (always present) Succulence of leaves. 'Corolla' of staminodial origin. Other important characters Leaves opposite (often). Flowers open at noon. Capsular fruits that open when wetted. Betalain pigment of flowers and stems. Xerophytes Specialized photosynthesis, CAM C3. Aizoaceae DD Aizoaceae Cactaceae Succulence on leaves. Succulence on stems, leaves No thorns. Thorns Aizoaceae Portulacaceae Opposite leaves Not opposite leaves Many strap-like perianth No strap-like perianth segments segments of staminodial origin. of staminodial origin. Aizoaceae Molluginaceae Succulent Not succulent Flowers colourful, showy Flowers white, small Aizoaceae Mind Essence Worries, problems, discords, arguments, criticism, quarrels with relationships, family, friends. Aizoaceae Mind Small, weak, lacking power. Overlooked, not heard, walked over, trampled. < from criticism. Adapting, soft, nice, friendly Keep things in, hide their feelings In the background. Feel special. Free and autonomous innerly. Spiritual, religious feeling, simple. Work: minor positions, servants, housemaid. Aizoaceae Mind Heart Big heart, Heart open or closed Heart empty or full Heart expanded or tight and constricted. Heart: palpitations, pulse fast. Aizoaceae Mind Body Head: headache, < overexertion, worries. Heart: palpitations; pulse fast. Throat: pain, sore, inflammation, < overexertion, < drafts. Female: dysmenorrhoea.; menses irregular. 1436 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY [Vol. 90 Aizoales Subphase 1 Sesuvoideae Fig. 1. Strict consensus tree of the 5000 most parsimonious trees based on the combined trnL-F and rps16 intron sequence data for 95 taxa; length ϭ 1413, consistency index ϭ 0.76 (including autapomorphies), retention index ϭ 0.92. Bootstrap percentages are indicated below the branches (where absent, the bootstrap percentages are less than 50%). Aizoales Aizoales Subphase 1 Sesuvoideae Tetragonia tetragonoides Bothalia 43,2 (2013) 199 1.00 Ruschioideae 1.00 Geniculiflora 0.96 Planifolia 0.98 1.00 Aizoales 0.74 Splendentia 1.00 Vesperifolia 1.00 Phyllobolus subg. Subphase 7 0.99 Canaliculata Mesembryanthem 1.00 1.00 0.94 1.00 Flaviflora Papulosa subg. oideae 0.93 Cryophytum Callistigma 0.77 subg. Opophytum Subacaulia 1.00 1.00 1.00 Brownanthus 0.51 0.77 0.95 1.00 Eurystigma 1.00 Mesembryanthemum Mesembryanthemum 1.00 Mesembryanthemum 1.00 subg. 1.00 Juncea subg. Volkeranthus 1.00 1.00 Aizooideae 1.00 Sesuvioideae 1.00 Mirabilis Phytolacca Limeum FIGURE 1.—Subgenera and sections mapped onto a simplifed version of the Baysian tree by Klak et al. (2007: Figure 3) based on combined chloroplast, nuclear and morphology data. The support for the relationships between the subgenera and sections in Mesembryanthemum are indicated (numbers indicate Posterior Probability values). Aizoales Aizoales Subphase 7 Mesembryanthem oideae Mesembryanthemum cordifolium Aizoales Subphase 2 Drosanthem oideae Subphase 6 Delosperm oideae Aizoales Aizoales Subphase 2 Drosanthemoideae Dorotheanthus bellidiformis Aizoales Aizoales Subphase 6 Delospermoideae Delospermum cooperi Aizoales Delospermoideae General: borreliosis. Heart: tachycardia. Limbs: arthritis. Delospermum cooperi Aizoales Subphase 3 Bergeranthoideae Aizoales Aizoales Subphase 3 Bergeranthoideae Bergeranthus scapiger Aizoales Subphase 4 Lithopsoideae Subphase 5 Russchoideae Aizoales Aizoales Subphase 4 Lithopsoideae Lithops hookeri Aizoales Aizoales Subphase 5 Russchoideae Russchia concinna Boraginales 3-665.30.00 Taxonomy Introduction In the Cronquist calssifcation Boraginales does not exist as an Tey feel they have a right to be treated as a person, that they oder. Boraginaceae as a family includes Cordiaceae, Ehretiace- have individuality and are talented enough
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