Chen Gui and Other Works Attributed to Empress Wu Zetian
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Dressing for the Times: Fashion in Tang Dynasty China (618-907)
Dressing for the Times: Fashion in Tang Dynasty China (618-907) BuYun Chen Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2013 © 2013 BuYun Chen All rights reserved ABSTRACT Dressing for the Times: Fashion in Tang Dynasty China (618-907) BuYun Chen During the Tang dynasty, an increased capacity for change created a new value system predicated on the accumulation of wealth and the obsolescence of things that is best understood as fashion. Increased wealth among Tang elites was paralleled by a greater investment in clothes, which imbued clothes with new meaning. Intellectuals, who viewed heightened commercial activity and social mobility as symptomatic of an unstable society, found such profound changes in the vestimentary landscape unsettling. For them, a range of troubling developments, including crisis in the central government, deep suspicion of the newly empowered military and professional class, and anxiety about waste and obsolescence were all subsumed under the trope of fashionable dressing. The clamor of these intellectuals about the widespread desire to be “current” reveals the significant space fashion inhabited in the empire – a space that was repeatedly gendered female. This dissertation considers fashion as a system of social practices that is governed by material relations – a system that is also embroiled in the politics of the gendered self and the body. I demonstrate that this notion of fashion is the best way to understand the process through which competition for status and self-identification among elites gradually broke away from the imperial court and its system of official ranks. -
History of Imperial China
History of Imperial China Chapter 1: The Origins of Chinese Civilization Geography The Yellow River The Yellow River is so called because of the yellow loess silt that it carries, providing rich nutrients for agriculture, 12 This loess is also very easy to work with primitive tools, hence explaining why it became one of the first regions to be settled, 12 The Yellow River, however, is prone to flooding, and when it did so it tended to inundate enormous settled regions, 13 The Yangzi River The basin of the Yangzi river to the south is warmer and wetter than the north, 13 This is why the south of china is more suited to crops like rice, while the north is better for wheat and millet, 13 The Yangzi and many of its tributaries are navigable, whereas the Yellow river is not, 13 Chinese Geographic Isolation China was long isolated from other early civilizations by the ocean to the east, the Tibetan plateau to the west, and the Gobi and other deserts to the north, 13 The Chinese did not see themselves as sitting on the edge of a vast Asian continent, but rather as being the central civilized region of the world, surrounded by vast oceans, deserts and mountains that were largely unimportant, 13 Chinese Mythology The Three Sovereigns Chinese mythology associates the origins of their civilization with several ‘great men’, as opposed to other cultures who credit gods, 10 Fu Xi domesticated animals and invented the family, Shen Nong invented the plough and the hoe, and Huang Di invented the bow and arrow, boats, carts, ceramics, writing -
Local Authority in the Han Dynasty: Focus on the Sanlao
Local Authority in the Han Dynasty: Focus on the Sanlao Jiandong CHEN 㱩ڎ暒 School of International Studies Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences University of Technology Sydney Australia A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Technology Sydney Sydney, Australia 2018 Certificate of Original Authorship I certify that the work in this thesis has not previously been submitted for a degree nor has it been submitted as part of requirements for a degree except as fully acknowledged within the text. I also certify that the thesis has been written by me. Any help that I have received in my research work and the preparation of the thesis itself has been acknowledged. In addition, I certify that all information sources and literature used are indicated in the thesis. This thesis is the result of a research candidature conducted with another University as part of a collaborative Doctoral degree. Production Note: Signature of Student: Signature removed prior to publication. Date: 30/10/2018 ii Acknowledgements The completion of the thesis would not have been possible without the help and support of many people. Firstly, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Associate Professor Jingqing Yang for his continuous support during my PhD study. Many thanks for providing me with the opportunity to study at the University of Technology Sydney. His patience, motivation and immense knowledge guided me throughout the time of my research. I cannot imagine having a better supervisor and mentor for my PhD study. Besides my supervisor, I would like to thank the rest of my thesis committee: Associate Professor Chongyi Feng and Associate Professor Shirley Chan, for their insightful comments and encouragement; and also for their challenging questions which incited me to widen my research and view things from various perspectives. -
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Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 324 International Conference on Architecture: Heritage, Traditions and Innovations (AHTI 2019) Exploration on the Protection Scheme of the Great Ruins of Southern Lifang District in the Luoyang City Site in Sui and Tang Dynasties Haixia Liang Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology Luoyang, China Peiyuan Li Zhenkun Wang Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology China Petroleum First Construction Company (Luoyang) Xi'an, China Luoyang, China Abstract—The great ruins are a kind of non-renewable district in a comprehensive and detailed way. Through the precious resources. The southern Lifang district in the analysis of the current situation of southern Lifang district, a Luoyang City Site in Sui and Tang Dynasties is the product of relatively reasonable planning proposal is obtained. This the development of ancient Chinese capital to a certain study can provide theoretical or practical reference and help historical stage. As many important relics and rich cultural on the protection and development of Luoyang City Site in history have been excavated here, the district has a rich Sui and Tang Dynasties, as well as the reconstruction of humanity history. In the context of the ever-changing urban southern Lifang district. construction, the protection of the great ruins in the district has become more urgent. From the point of view of the protection of the great ruins, this paper introduces the II. GREAT RUINS, SUI AND TANG DYNASTIES, LUOYANG important sites and cultural relics of southern Lifang district CITY AND LIFANG DISTRICT in Luoyang city of the Sui and Tang Dynasties through field Great ruins refer to large sites or groups of sites with a investigation and literature review. -
Maria Khayutina • [email protected] the Tombs
Maria Khayutina [email protected] The Tombs of Peng State and Related Questions Paper for the Chicago Bronze Workshop, November 3-7, 2010 (, 1.1.) () The discovery of the Western Zhou period’s Peng State in Heng River Valley in the south of Shanxi Province represents one of the most fascinating archaeological events of the last decade. Ruled by a lineage of Kui (Gui ) surname, Peng, supposedly, was founded by descendants of a group that, to a certain degree, retained autonomy from the Huaxia cultural and political community, dominated by lineages of Zi , Ji and Jiang surnames. Considering Peng’s location right to the south of one of the major Ji states, Jin , and quite close to the eastern residence of Zhou kings, Chengzhou , its case can be very instructive with regard to the construction of the geo-political and cultural space in Early China during the Western Zhou period. Although the publication of the full excavations’ report may take years, some preliminary observations can be made already now based on simplified archaeological reports about the tombs of Peng ruler Cheng and his spouse née Ji of Bi . In the present paper, I briefly introduce the tombs inventory and the inscriptions on the bronzes, and then proceed to discuss the following questions: - How the tombs M1 and M2 at Hengbei can be dated? - What does the equipment of the Hengbei tombs suggest about the cultural roots of Peng? - What can be observed about Peng’s relations to the Gui people and to other Kui/Gui- surnamed lineages? 1. General Information The cemetery of Peng state has been discovered near Hengbei village (Hengshui town, Jiang County, Shanxi ). -
Official Colours of Chinese Regimes: a Panchronic Philological Study with Historical Accounts of China
TRAMES, 2012, 16(66/61), 3, 237–285 OFFICIAL COLOURS OF CHINESE REGIMES: A PANCHRONIC PHILOLOGICAL STUDY WITH HISTORICAL ACCOUNTS OF CHINA Jingyi Gao Institute of the Estonian Language, University of Tartu, and Tallinn University Abstract. The paper reports a panchronic philological study on the official colours of Chinese regimes. The historical accounts of the Chinese regimes are introduced. The official colours are summarised with philological references of archaic texts. Remarkably, it has been suggested that the official colours of the most ancient regimes should be the three primitive colours: (1) white-yellow, (2) black-grue yellow, and (3) red-yellow, instead of the simple colours. There were inconsistent historical records on the official colours of the most ancient regimes because the composite colour categories had been split. It has solved the historical problem with the linguistic theory of composite colour categories. Besides, it is concluded how the official colours were determined: At first, the official colour might be naturally determined according to the substance of the ruling population. There might be three groups of people in the Far East. (1) The developed hunter gatherers with livestock preferred the white-yellow colour of milk. (2) The farmers preferred the red-yellow colour of sun and fire. (3) The herders preferred the black-grue-yellow colour of water bodies. Later, after the Han-Chinese consolidation, the official colour could be politically determined according to the main property of the five elements in Sino-metaphysics. The red colour has been predominate in China for many reasons. Keywords: colour symbolism, official colours, national colours, five elements, philology, Chinese history, Chinese language, etymology, basic colour terms DOI: 10.3176/tr.2012.3.03 1. -
A Dictionary of Chinese Characters: Accessed by Phonetics
A dictionary of Chinese characters ‘The whole thrust of the work is that it is more helpful to learners of Chinese characters to see them in terms of sound, than in visual terms. It is a radical, provocative and constructive idea.’ Dr Valerie Pellatt, University of Newcastle. By arranging frequently used characters under the phonetic element they have in common, rather than only under their radical, the Dictionary encourages the student to link characters according to their phonetic. The system of cross refer- encing then allows the student to find easily all the characters in the Dictionary which have the same phonetic element, thus helping to fix in the memory the link between a character and its sound and meaning. More controversially, the book aims to alleviate the confusion that similar looking characters can cause by printing them alongside each other. All characters are given in both their traditional and simplified forms. Appendix A clarifies the choice of characters listed while Appendix B provides a list of the radicals with detailed comments on usage. The Dictionary has a full pinyin and radical index. This innovative resource will be an excellent study-aid for students with a basic grasp of Chinese, whether they are studying with a teacher or learning on their own. Dr Stewart Paton was Head of the Department of Languages at Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, from 1976 to 1981. A dictionary of Chinese characters Accessed by phonetics Stewart Paton First published 2008 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, OX14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 270 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10016 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2008. -
The Power of an Alleged Tradition: a Prophecy Flattering Han Emperor Wu and Its Relation to the Sima Clan*
The Power of an Alleged Tradition: A Prophecy Flattering Han Emperor Wu and its Relation to the Sima Clan* by Dorothee Schaab-Hanke . es muß stets eine lange Übermittlerkette vorhanden sein, damit sich die Hinweise oder Gedanken, die Kommentare, wie immer man es nennt, dehnen. Sie müsen durch zehn Hirne hindurch, um einen Satz zu ergeben.** (Alexander Kluge) Introduction During the early reign of Liu Che ᄸ, posthumously honored as Emperor Wu r. 141–87) of the Han, a severe struggle for infl uence and power seems to) ܹن have arisen among competing groups of experts concerned with the establishment of new imperial rites. This is at least the impression that the Shiji͑৩ (The Scribe’s Record) conveys to the reader in chapter 28, the “Treatise on the Feng and Shan Sacrifi ces” (Fengshan shuܱᑐए). According to the account given there, the compet- ing partners in this struggle were mainly the ru ኵ (here used in the sense of scholars who maintained that any advice in the question of ritual should entirely be based upon evidence drawn from the “Classics”) and a group of specialists called fangshī ʦ (a term which should be translated by “masters of techniques” rather than by the often used, but rather biased term magicians). * I am indebted to Prof. Dr. Hans Stumpfeldt (Hamburg), Dr. Achim Mittag (Essen) and Dr. Monique Nagel- Angermann (Münster) for their helpful and inspiring comments on the text. Special thanks to Dr. Martin Svens- son Ekström (Stockholm), Prof. Dr. E. Bruce Brooks and Dr. A. Taeko Brooks (Amherst, Mass.) as well as two anonymous readers for the BMFEA for their competent and engaged revising of the draft. -
Performing Chinese Contemporary Art Song
Performing Chinese Contemporary Art Song: A Portfolio of Recordings and Exegesis Qing (Lily) Chang Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Elder Conservatorium of Music Faculty of Arts The University of Adelaide July 2017 Table of contents Abstract Declaration Acknowledgements List of tables and figures Part A: Sound recordings Contents of CD 1 Contents of CD 2 Contents of CD 3 Contents of CD 4 Part B: Exegesis Introduction Chapter 1 Historical context 1.1 History of Chinese art song 1.2 Definitions of Chinese contemporary art song Chapter 2 Performing Chinese contemporary art song 2.1 Singing Chinese contemporary art song 2.2 Vocal techniques for performing Chinese contemporary art song 2.3 Various vocal styles for performing Chinese contemporary art song 2.4 Techniques for staging presentations of Chinese contemporary art song i Chapter 3 Exploring how to interpret ornamentations 3.1 Types of frequently used ornaments and their use in Chinese contemporary art song 3.2 How to use ornamentation to match the four tones of Chinese pronunciation Chapter 4 Four case studies 4.1 The Hunchback of Notre Dame by Shang Deyi 4.2 I Love This Land by Lu Zaiyi 4.3 Lullaby by Shi Guangnan 4.4 Autumn, Pamir, How Beautiful My Hometown Is! by Zheng Qiufeng Conclusion References Appendices Appendix A: Romanized Chinese and English translations of 56 Chinese contemporary art songs Appendix B: Text of commentary for 56 Chinese contemporary art songs Appendix C: Performing Chinese contemporary art song: Scores of repertoire for examination Appendix D: University of Adelaide Ethics Approval Number H-2014-184 ii NOTE: 4 CDs containing 'Recorded Performances' are included with the print copy of the thesis held in the University of Adelaide Library. -
The Political Aspect of Misogynies in Late Qing Dynasty Crime Fiction
Journal of Literature and Art Studies, April 2016, Vol. 6, No. 4, 340-355 doi: 10.17265/2159-5836/2016.04.002 D DAVID PUBLISHING The Political Aspect of Misogynies in Late Qing Dynasty Crime Fiction Lavinia Benedetti University of Catania, Catania, Italy In most Chinese traditional court-case narrative, women often serve as negative social actors, and may even be the alleged cause of the degeneration of men’s morality as the result of their seductiveness. In the late Qing Dynasty novel Digong’an, centred on the upright official Digong, there is strong evidence of misogyny by the author. Two female characters stand out from the story: one kills her husband with the help of her lover, who is partially justified by the latter being under the woman’s negative influence; and the other is Empress Wu, to whom the moral downfall of the Tang Dynasty is attributed. Both women are subject to insult and threat throughout the novel. The author’s attitude substantially relies on the sexist rhetoric prevalent in the Confucian idea of an ordered society, which usually took a negative outlook towards women partaking in public life. But for the latter we should also take in account that at the end of the Qing Dynasty a woman was, in reality, ruling the empire “from behind the curtain”. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to deconstruct the author’s misogyny, in order to shed a light on his criticism and connect it with a somewhat more political discourse. Keywords: Chinese courtcase novel, Digong’an, political criticism, Empress Cixi Introduction Crime and punishment are much appreciated themes in Chinese narrative production since its very beginning. -
The Birth of Chinese Feminism Columbia & Ko, Eds
& liu e-yin zHen (1886–1920?) was a theo- ko Hrist who figured centrally in the birth , karl of Chinese feminism. Unlike her contem- , poraries, she was concerned less with China’s eds fate as a nation and more with the relation- . , ship among patriarchy, imperialism, capi- talism, and gender subjugation as global historical problems. This volume, the first translation and study of He-Yin’s work in English, critically reconstructs early twenti- eth-century Chinese feminist thought in a transnational context by juxtaposing He-Yin The Bir Zhen’s writing against works by two better- known male interlocutors of her time. The editors begin with a detailed analysis of He-Yin Zhen’s life and thought. They then present annotated translations of six of her major essays, as well as two foundational “The Birth of Chinese Feminism not only sheds light T on the unique vision of a remarkable turn-of- tracts by her male contemporaries, Jin h of Chinese the century radical thinker but also, in so Tianhe (1874–1947) and Liang Qichao doing, provides a fresh lens through which to (1873–1929), to which He-Yin’s work examine one of the most fascinating and com- responds and with which it engages. Jin, a poet and educator, and Liang, a philosopher e plex junctures in modern Chinese history.” Theory in Transnational ssential Texts Amy— Dooling, author of Women’s Literary and journalist, understood feminism as a Feminism in Twentieth-Century China paternalistic cause that liberals like them- selves should defend. He-Yin presents an “This magnificent volume opens up a past and alternative conception that draws upon anar- conjures a future. -
V Bibliography of the Works of Denis Twitchett Bibliography of the Works
bibliography of the works of denis twitchett bibliography of the works of denis twitchett We publish this list fully cognizant that there may be additions and corrections needed, even though we have attempted to trace several uncertain items. If corrections become significant in number, we may publish an updated version at a later time. The titles are chronologi- cal, proceeding in ascending order. It seems to have been historically mandated that Professor Twitchett’s first piece appeared in Asia Major in 1954. We thank Michael Reeve for an excellent draft of the bibliogra- phy and David Curtis Wright for additional help; in addition, we post brief words by Wright, below. the editors and board I encountered Denis Crispin Twitchett and his scholarship when he was around two-thirds of the way through his extraordinarily productive career. He published and reviewed prodigiously from the mid-1950s through the mid-1970s and devoted much time to editing and writing for The Cambridge History of China volumes, of which he and John K. Fairbank were made general editors in 1968. Twitchett had no idea in 1968 how much of the rest of his career would be devoted to shepherding the Cambridge History of China project along, and he did not, alas, live to see its completion. In all, however, his publication record is quite large. Twitchett also maintained a voluminous correspondence, as any cursory look over his papers at the Academia Sinica’s Fu Ssu-nien Library will indicate. He learned to use email himself in the late 1990s, but before that in the early 1990s he had his secretaries use the medium to convey messages to colleagues and students.