DOCSLIB.ORG

INJURIES and SYNTHETIC TURF in INTERNATIONAL RUGBY BOARD INTRODUCTION in Rugby Union Synthetic Turf Is Used Widely Across the Globe

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
INJURIES and SYNTHETIC TURF in INTERNATIONAL RUGBY BOARD INTRODUCTION in Rugby Union Synthetic Turf Is Used Widely Across the Globe INJURIES AND SYNTHETIC TURF IN INTERNATIONAL RUGBY BOARD INTRODUCTION In Rugby Union synthetic turf is used widely across the globe. The advantages such as longer playing hours, lower maintenance costs, better resilience to tough climatic conditions and the multi-purpose application make synthetic turf a valuable alternative to natural grass in most regions of the world. There are many reports on the risks of injury injury risk and playing surface in football, such within international rugby, comparing different as limited data collection, various influencers on positions, type and severity of injuries and injury risk that cannot be reduced to one single the time of the match when an injury occurs. cause and bias within data collection, both for The research on causal relationships between players and team medical staff. In this research playing surface and injury risk is rather limited. paper however we will have a brief look on the One reason for this might be the limitations of few existing papers on injury definitions and the scientific research that have been identified in injury risk in international rugby when playing an earlier paper on the relationship between on synthetic turf compared to natural grass. DEFINITIONS In order to understand the incidence of injury on synthetic turf and on natural grass some basic definitions have to be discussed. Fuller et al. (2007) discussed injury definitions and data collection procedures for studies on injuries in rugby union. Their discussion is based on the consensus statement by the Rugby Injury Consensus Group (RICG) and focusses in particular on the differences towards injury definitions and data collection procedures in football. What is an injury? According to the consensus For the classification of injury severity the consensus statement it covers: statement for rugby differentiates between 7 stages ranging from slight (0-1 days that elapsed from the Any physical complaint, which was caused by a transfer date of injury to the date of the player’s return to full of energy that exceeded the body’s ability to maintain its participation in team training and availability for match structural and/or functional integrity, that was sustained selection), minimal (2-3 days), mild (4-7 days), moderate by a player during a rugby match or rugby training, (8-28 days), severe (>28 days) and career-ending and irrespective of the need for medical attention or time-loss non-fatal catastrophic injuries. from rugby activities. An injury that results in a player receiving medical attention is referred to as a ‘medical- Also the injury classification was slightly changed and attention’ injury and an injury that results in a player few categories have been added to the consensus being unable to take a full part in future rugby training or statement for football. Table 1 shows main groupings match play as a ‘time-loss’ injury. (Fuller et al., 2007:329) and categories for classifying the type of injury as it has been used by Fuller et al. (2007). Another speciality with international rugby are non- fatal catastrophic injuries which are defined as ‘a brain Table 1 (based on Fuller et al., 2007:330) or spinal cord injury that results in permanent (>12 Main Grouping Category months) severe functional disability’ (Fuller et al., 2007:329). Bone Fracture Other bone injuries Recurrent injuries have been classified into three Joint (non-bone) Dislocation/ subluxation subgroups including ‘early recurrence’, ‘late recurrence’ and ligament Sprain/ ligament injury and ‘delayed recurrence’, depending on when the Lesion of meniscus, cartilage or disc recurrent injury occurs. A recurrent injury is: Muscle and Muscle rupture/ tear/ strain/ cramps tendon Tendon injury/ rupture/ tendinopathy/ An injury of the same type and at the same site as an bursitis Haematoma/ contusion/ bruise index injury and which occurs after a player’s return to full participation from the index injury. A recurrent Skin Abrasion injury occurring within 2 months of a player’s return to Brain/ spinal Concussion (with or without loss of full participation is referred to as an ‘early recurrence’; cord/ peripheral consciousness) nervous system Structural brain injury one occurring 2 to 12 months after a player’s return Spinal cord compression/ transection to full participation as a ‘late recurrence’; and one Nerve injury occurring more than 12 months after a player’s return to Dental injuries full participation as a ‘delayed recurrence’. (Fuller et al., Visceral injuries Other injuries 2007:329) RISK OF INJURY ASSOCIATED WITH RUGBY UNION PLAYED ON SYNTHETIC TURF COMPARED TO NATURAL GRASS Fuller, Clarke and Molloy (2010) conducted an investigation on the relationship between injury risk and playing surface covering a two-season investigation of match and training injuries. The setting chosen for the study included six men’s significant differences have been found for synthetic teams playing in the Hong Kong Rugby Football turf and natural grass. Union Division 1. None of the clubs owns their rugby grounds, so the Hong Kong Rugby Football Key conclusions discussed by the authors include: Union assigns matches randomly to available grass a. Match injuries on both grass and artificial turf and synthetic turf pitches. As the clubs also do not own their facilities training is rather irregular surfaces were predominantly acute in nature and making it impossible to collect meaningful the result of player-to-player contact; these injury data on this. Therefore two clubs in the English factors are unlikely to be related directly to the Premiership that conduct a proportion of their playing surface. training on synthetic turf have been chosen for the study of training injuries. b. It is claimed that, because athletes adapt quickly to changes in surface conditions, any differences The authors found no significant difference on the between playing surface characteristics will have overall incidence or severity of match or training minimal impact on the incidence of injury. injuries sustained on both surfaces. Also in terms of injury location and type or cause of injury no both Fuller et al., 2010:568 CONCLUSION Only limited research exists on the causal In order to enable a better evaluation on the relationship between injury incidence and playing impact of playing surface in rugby it would be surface in international rugby. However the one and useful to include a note on the surface in the injury only paper that is referred to on all available sources surveillance reports. This would generate a vast including the World Rugby Federation concludes amount of data within a short time period and that the playing surface is not a decisive factor for could result in meaningful and significant findings. injury incidence. The fact, that research is limited on Especially in order to increase the acceptance rate for the playing surface but not on injury surveillance synthetic turf having statistically significant reports at different international rugby tournaments, could showing that injury risk is comparable or even lower also indicate that the question of synthetic turf or compared to natural grass would be beneficial. natural grass is rather irrelevant for rugby compared to football. It seems to be accepted that rugby is Appendix 1 gives an overview on synthetic turf a sport in which serious injuries might result from pitches used for international rugby worldwide, player-to-player impacts rather than from player-to- emphasizing the high need and acceptance of surface or non-contact events. synthetic turf in the sport. REFERENCES Fuller CW, Ekstrand J, Junge A, Andersen TE, Bahr R, Dvorak J, Hägglund M, McCrory P, Meeuwisse WH (2006). Consensus statement on injury definitions and data collection procedures in studies of football (soccer) injuries. Br J Sports Med, 40:193–201. Fuller CW, Molloy MG, Bagate C, Bahr R, Brooks JHM, Donson H, et al. (2007). Consensus statement on injury definitions and data collection procedures for studies of injuries in rugby union. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 41:328-331. Fuller CW, Clarke L, & Molloy MG (2010). Risk of injury associated with rugby union played on artificial turf. Journal of Sports Sciences, 28:563-570. Hägglund M, Walden M, Bahr R, et al (2005). Methods for epidemiological study of injuries to professional football players: developing the UEFA model. Br J Sports Med, 39:340–6. Walden M, Hägglund M, Ekstrand J (2005). Injuries in Swedish elite football: a prospective study on injury definitions, risk for injury and injury pattern during 2001. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 15:118–25. World Rugby. List of Regulation 22 Compliant Preferred Producer Installed Pitches. Accessed on May 29, 2015 at http://playerwelfare.worldrugby.org/?subsection=71 . APPENDIX Andorra Estadi Nacional Andorra Canada Goudy Field, 1089 Langford Parkway, Langford, BC Canada UBC Thunderbird Stadium, Vancouver, BC Canada University of Western Ontario, Philip Aziz Avenue, London, Ontario Canada Westhills Stadium, Langford Parkway. Langford, BC England Allianz Park, Hendon, London England BNRC Dartmouth England Burnage RFC, Stockport. UK England Driffield RUFC, Yorkshire England Dyson Perrins Church of England Academy, Malvern, Worcestershire England Haddington Athletic Community Football Club, Haddington, East Lothian England Hampton School, Hansworth Road, Middlesex England Hampton School, Middlesex England Kirkstall Training Ground, Kirkstall, Leeds England Maidenhead RFC, Braywick Road, Bershire England Newcastle Falcons (Training Ground),
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Sportstätten
    Country City Stadium/Event P1 P2 Year Supplier Argentina x Copa America LS18 2011 Cadahia Sistemas Australia Perth Perth Stadium GEO S12 LS18 2017 GT Group Australia x Global Warning Tour Ps Series Alpha 2002 Johnston Audio Belgium Anderlecht Stade Constant GEO S12 2014 Prosonix + SPIE Vanden Stock Belgium Liège Standard de Liège GEO S12 ID24 2016 ARTO Canada Laval Place Bell GEO S12 2017 TKNL Chile Calama Calama Stadium GEO S12 PS15 2015 Yamaimport Chile Rancagua El Teniente Stadium GEO S12 PS15 2015 Yamaimport Chile Valparaiso Elias Figueroa Stadium GEO S12 PS15 2015 Yamaimport China Fuzhou Fuzhou Stadium Alpha M3 2003 Top Plot China Liaoning Dailan City Sport GEO S12 PS15 2014 Top Plot Centre Czech republic Prague O2 Arena GEO S12-ST RS18 2014 Music Data Czech republic Prague Tesla Arena GEO S 12 2009 Music Data France Aix-en-Provence Arena d’Aix-en-Prove. GEO S12 x 2017 TEXEN France Ajaccio Stade d’Ajaccio PS15R2 x x Atacc France Bordeaux Stade de Chaban GEO S12 x Audiomaster Delmas France Chalon sur Saône Arena Chalon sur S. GEO S12-ST PS15 2017 Irelem France Le Havre Stade du Havre GEO S12 x x Auvisys France Lens Stade de Lens GEO S12 x Auvione France Les 2 Alpes ski Mondial snowboard + GEO S8 PS 2004 AVL AUDIO resort Ski events France Metz Arènes de Metz GEO S12 x x x France Montpellier Halle Bougnol GEO S12 x 2016 TEXEN France Montpellier Piscine Olympique PS8 x x x France Montpellier Stade de la GEO S12 x Audio-Equipement méditerranée Montpellier France Nantes Stade de Nantes GEO S1230 x 2007 Melpomen France Nanterre Gymnase
    [Show full text]
  • (Public Pack)Agenda Document for South East Area Committee, 09/07
    NOTIFICATION TO ATTEND MEETING OF THE SOUTH EAST AREA COMMITTEE TO BE HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER - CITY HALL ON MONDAY 9 JULY 2018 AT 3.00 PM AGENDA MONDAY 9 JULY 2018 PAGE 1 Election of Chairperson 2 Election of Vice Chairperson 3 Presentation on Fitzwilliam Cycle Route 4 Minutes of South East Area Committee meeting held on 11th June 2018 3 - 32 5 Environment and Transportation Department Matters 33 - 38 i. Minutes of Traffic Advisory Group meeting held on 26th June 2018. 6 Culture, Recreation and Economic Services Department Matters 39 - 52 i. Report on proposed Part 8 works at Eamon Ceannt Depot, information only. ii. Report re notification of intention to commence Part 8 for Sean Moore Park Playground. 7 Planning and Property Development Department Matters 53 - 74 i. Report on proposed disposal of land at Chatham Court, Chatham Street, Clarendon Row, Dublin 2 to Hines European Core Fund (HECF) One Clarendon Row 2 S.A.R.L. ii. Addition of 9 - 12 Dawson Street & Dawson Lane, Dublin 2 to the Record of Protected Structures in accordance with Section 54 and 55 of the Planning and Development Act, 2000 (as amended). 8 South East Area Matters 75 - 84 9 Motions 85 - 88 10 Questions to the Chief Executive 89 - 98 MINUTES OF THE SOUTH EAST AREA COMMITTEE MEETING HELD ON MONDAY 11 JUNE 2018 1 Presentation on Innovation District Masterplan from Trinity College Order: Noted. 2 Part 8 Presentation on housing development at 29 / 30 Fishamble Street. Order: Agreed to initiate the part 8 process. 3 Presentation on planning application reference 3047/18 Order: Noted.
    [Show full text]
  • 6610 the LONDON GAZETTE, 15 OCTOBER, 1929. BODEN, Arthur, of Euastone-, Staffordshire
    6610 THE LONDON GAZETTE, 15 OCTOBER, 1929. BODEN, Arthur, of EUastone-, Staffordshire. First or Final, or otherwise—Second and Final. CATTLE DEALER and COMMISSION When Payable—Oct. 28, 1929. AGENT. Where Payable—At the offices of the Trustee, Court^-BURTON-ON-TRENT. Herbert Matthew James, Turnbull's Cham- No. of Matter—3 of 1911. bers, 14, High-street, Coventry. Amount per £—llfd. First or Final, or otherwise—Supplemental. EATON, John William, residing at 62, Station- When Payable—Oct. 24, 1929. road, and carrying on business at 346, Not- Where Payable—The Official Receiver's Offices, tingham-road, both in Ilkeston. in the county 22, Regent-street, Park-row, Nottingham. of Derby. BOOT and SHOE MAKER and REPAIRER. COOKE, Isaac, Monk Soham, Suffolk. FARMER. Court—DERBY and LONG EATON. Court^-BURY ST. EDMUNDS. No. of Matter—22 of 1929. No. of Matter—28 of 1925. Amount per £—2s. 9|d. Amount per £—Is. 54d. First or Final, or otherwise—First and Final. First or Final, or otherwise—First and Final. When Payable—Oct. 24, 1929. When Payable—Oct. 25, 1929. Where Payable—The Official Receiver's Offices, Where Payable—1, Cornhill, Bury St. Edmunds. 22, Regent-street, Park-row, Nottingham. TALBOT, Bertram William Chetwynd (described ALDWINCKLE, George, of 35, Stade-street, in the .petition as Bertram W. Talbot), of Hythe, Kent, and 49, High-street, Hythe, Lodge House, Baynards, in the county of Kent. BAKER and CONFECTIONER; Surrey. GENTLEMAN. Court—CANTERBURY. Court—GUILDFORD. No. of Matter—5 of 1921. No. of Matter—9 of 1924. Amount per £—4£d. Amount per £—Is.
    [Show full text]
  • Designazioni Internazionali Stagione Sportiva 2015 - 2016 A
    DESIGNAZIONI INTERNAZIONALI STAGIONE SPORTIVA 2015 - 2016 A. Arb. N° 4 Commiss. Assistente Assistente Assessor / Time Citing Deleg. Match Data Time Comp. Match 2015 - 2016 Località Arbitro A. Arb. N° 5 TMO Arbitro N° 1 Arbitro N° 2 PR Keeper Commissioner Comm. vari A. Arb. N° 6 Administr. Luglio 2015 Marsiglia G. Vivarini sa 04-lug-15 Beach Rugby Tappa Beach Rugby Marsiglia (France) G. Piran Match Cordoba 06/26-lug-15 Tour Estivo 4 Nations Under 18 V. Schipani Arbitro in Pumitas v Cordoba e Cordoba 15 v Uruguay. Assistente in Pumitas v Uruguay e Pumitas s Italy International (Argentina) World Lignano 18/19-lug-15 Super Beach 5's Rugby M. Mitrea - G. Piran - B. Guastini Rugby Beach Sabbiadoro Rugby Women's 7's Olympic M. B. 18/19-lug-15 Portugal D. Sironi Europe Qualification Tournament 2015 Benvenuti Guinness ma 21-lug-15 MOSC Guinness PRO12 London G. De Santis PRO12 Match 27-lug-15/17-ago-15 Tour Estivo Under 19 South Africa E. Tomò International Rugby Godollo 22/25-lug-15 Rugby 7's Competition A. Spadoni Europe (Hongrie) Rugby University European 7's Budapest 22/26-lug-15 D. Sironi Europe Championship (Hongrie) Agosto 2015 Growthpoint 4° S. Berry Gabriel Lettie sa 08-ago-15 World Rugby South Africa Argentina Romain Poite JP. Doyle M. Mitrea Ben Skeen Championship Park (Durban) 5° A. Sehlako Pappas Coetzee World Rugby Aviva Stadium Jérôme Graham sa 15-ago-15 Ireland Scotland Pascal Gauzere M. Mitrea Lindon Bray International (Dublin) Garcès Hughes World Rugby Stade de France Donal Simon sa 22-ago-15 France England Jaco Peyper John Lacey M.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Financial Review of Scottish Premier League Football Season 2010-11 Contents
    www.pwc.co.uk/scotland Calm before the storm Scottish Premier League Football 23nd annual financial review of Scottish Premier League football season 2010-11 Contents Introduction 3 Profit and loss 6 Balance sheet 18 Cashflow 24 Appendix one 2010/11 the season that was 39 Appendix two What the directors thought 41 Appendix three Significant transfer activity 2010/11 42 Introduction Welcome to the 23rd annual PwC financial review of the Scottish Premier League (SPL). This year’s report includes our usual in-depth analysis of the 2010/11 season using the clubs’ audited accounts. However, we acknowledge that given the dominance of Rangers1 demise over recent months, these figures may be looked at with a new perspective. Nevertheless, it is important to analyse how the SPL performed in season 2010/11 with Rangers and explore the potential impact the loss of the club will have on the league. Red spells danger? Notwithstanding the storm engulfing The impact the wider economy has had The Scottish game has never been Rangers, the outlook for season on football – as well as other sports - under more intense financial pressure. 2010/11 was one of extreme caution. shouldn’t be ignored. The continuing This analysis reinforces the need for squeeze on fans’ disposable incomes member clubs to continue seeking out Amidst fears of a double dip recession has meant that additional spending on effective strategies in order to operate within the wider economy, SPL clubs areas outside of the traditional season on a more sustainable financial footing, continued to further reduce their cost ticket package – from additional including cutting costs in the absence bases, particularly around securing domestic cup games to merchandise – of new revenue streams.
    [Show full text]
  • Airbus Adapts Commercial Aircraft Production and Assembly Activities in Northern Germany and Alabama Sites in COVID-19 Environment
    Airbus adapts commercial aircraft production and assembly activities in Northern Germany and Alabama sites in COVID-19 environment Stade, Bremen and Mobile, 06 April 2020 – Airbus is temporarily adapting commercial aircraft production and assembly activity at its German sites in Bremen and Stade and pausing production at its A220/A320 manufacturing facility in Mobile, Alabama in the United States. These actions are being taken in response to several factors related to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic including high inventory levels in the sites and the various government recommendations and requirements which impact at different stages of the overall industrial production flow. Airbus remains committed to meeting customer demand. Commercial Aircraft production and assembly activities in Bremen will be paused from 6 April until 27 April inclusive, with key business support services continuing on the site. Airbus in Stade will pause production and assembly from 5-11 April inclusive, with some additional pause days in the weeks that follow in selected production departments. Key business support services will also remain active on the site. In Mobile, the pause in production begins this week and is expected to last until 29 April. Certain activities will continue on site, including building and installation maintenance, aircraft maintenance, some critical product safety and customer driven operations, receipt and control of materials and components, critical administrative support and preparation of activity restart. All ongoing work in Bremen and Stade in Germany and Mobile, Alabama U.S. will be done in adherence to the required hygiene measures and social distancing. Airbus is supporting efforts globally to tackle the COVID-19 crisis and has carried out extensive work in coordination with social partners to ensure the health and safety of its employees.
    [Show full text]
  • Falkirk Grahamston Station I Bus and Cycle Routes Buses and Taxis Local Area Map
    Falkirk Grahamston Station i Bus and Cycle Routes Buses and Taxis Local area map KEY K KEY Falkirk E A Bus Station HP Grahamston A Bus Stop C Cinema E E Bus Station CS Callendar Square Shopping Centre Rail Replacement Bus Stop FC The Falkirk Stadium (Falkirk FC) B FV Forth Valley College E Station Exit FW Falkirk Wheel Taxi Rank HP Helix Park Pedestrian-only walking routes K Kelpies SC Howgate Shopping Centre H Falkirk Community Hospital FC Cycle routes FV Pedestrian-only walking routes C FW Falkirk Grahamston 2 1 SC CS H Falkirk High Falkirk is a PLUSBUS area Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2017 & also map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, CC BY-SA Please enter your bus stop code into A 32526535 B 32524685 Bus Station Stance: PLUSBUS is a discount price ‘bus pass’ that you buy with your train NextBuses.mobi to get instant bus ticket. It gives you unlimited bus travel around your chosen town, on departure times from your stop. 1 32525343 2 32525386 1 32523232 participating buses. Visit www.scotrail.co.uk/plusbus Main destinations by bus (Data correct at May 2017) BUS BUS BUS DESTINATION BUS ROUTES DESTINATION BUS ROUTES DESTINATION BUS ROUTES STOP STOP STOP Airth F16 A F14 2 Maddiston 1 B Falkirk High Armadale 29, 29A, 29C 2 17 1 6, 7 A Ochilview Park (for East Stirlingshire FC) Bainsford 5, 5A, 5C, 6, 7, F16 A Falkirk Wheel 3 2 F11 1 Bannockburn 38, 38A 1 3, 4, 4A, 4B, 5, 5A, 5C B Plean 38, 38A 1 Forth Valley College Bo'ness (for Bo'ness & (Falkirk Campus) 5, 5A, 5C B F14 A Redding 1 B Kinneil Railway)
    [Show full text]
  • TOWN AFFILIATION ASSOCIATION Reporting Affiliations with Cities in Other Nations
    SISTER CITIES BY STATE AND BY COUNTRIES IN OTHER NATIONS AS OF JUNE, 1972 (This list is based on reports received from U.S. cities TOWN AFFILIATION ASSOCIATION reporting affiliations with cities in other nations. This OF THE UNITED STATES, INC. listing is revised and updated every six months° A complete c/o NATIONAL LEAGUE OF CITIES statistical breakdown is carried on page 7.) 1612 K Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20006 ALmÿMÿ (6) CALIFORNIA (CONT'D) CALIFORNIA (CONT'D) Demopolis - Jalpa, Guatemala Culver City - Kaizuka, Japan National City - Tecate, Mexico Huntsville - Cuilapa, Guatemala " - Uruapan, Mexico Norwalk - Hermosillo, Mexico Jasper - Jutiapa, Guatemala Cupertino - Copertino, Italy Oakland - Fukuoka, Japan Mobile - Malaga, Spain Delano - Asti, Italy " - Funchal, Portugal " - Santo Tomas, Guatemala " - Arida, Japan Orange - Orange, Australia Montgomery - Escuintla, Guatemala Downey - Guadalajara, Mexico Omaard - 0cotlan, Mexico Selma - Cartago, Costa Rica E1 Cajon - Goulburn, Australia Pacifica - Balaguer, Spain " - Zacapa, Guatemala E1 Monte - Zamora, Mexico Palm Springs - Victoria, Canada E1 Segundo - Guaymas, Mexico " - Nikko, Japan ALASKA (4) Encino - Puerto Vallarta, Mexico " - Puerto Vallarta, Mexico Escondido - Rosarito, Baja, Mexico Palo Alto - Palo, Philippines Anchorage - Chitose, Japan Fremont - Elizabeth, Australia " - Oaxaca, Mexico " - Tromso, Norway " - Puerto Penasco, Sonora Paramount - San Bias, Mexico Fairbanks - Mo i Bana, Norway Mexico " - Tepic, Mexico Seward - Obihiro, Japan Fresno - Lahore, Pakistan Pasadena
    [Show full text]
  • The Merchant Community of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1660-1750
    Durham E-Theses The Merchant Community of Newcastle upon Tyne, 1660-1750 ROBINSON, LAWRENCE How to cite: ROBINSON, LAWRENCE (2019) The Merchant Community of Newcastle upon Tyne, 1660-1750, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/13021/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk The Merchant Community of Newcastle upon Tyne, 1660-1750 Lawrence Robert Robinson Abstract ~ This thesis examines how the social and cultural experience of becoming and being a merchant in early modern Newcastle upon Tyne contributed towards the formation of a merchant community in the town during the period 1660-1750. Chapters are arranged to broadly reflect stages in the lifecycle, beginning with apprenticeship, followed by housing, the acquisition of material goods and political participation. Chapter One offers an introduction to the topics covered and cites the thesis in the historiography as well as discussing the main primary sources used throughout.
    [Show full text]
  • Reserve Cup Fixtures 2018/19
    RD DAY DATE COMPETITION HOME AWAY VENUE KO 1 MON 10/09/2018 SPFL Reserve Cup Group A Dundee United v St. Johnstone St Andrews University 2pm 1 MON 10/09/2018 SPFL Reserve Cup Group A St. Mirren v Hamilton Academical Simple Digital Arena 2pm 1 MON 10/09/2018 SPFL Reserve Cup Group B Celtic v Aberdeen Cappielow Park 2pm 1 MON 10/09/2018 SPFL Reserve Cup Group B Falkirk v Ross County Falkirk Stadium 2pm 1 MON 10/09/2018 SPFL Reserve Cup Group C Hibernian v Heart of Midlothian Oriam 2pm 1 MON 10/09/2018 SPFL Reserve Cup Group C Kilmarnock v Partick Thistle Rugby Park 2pm 1 MON 10/09/2018 SPFL Reserve Cup Group D Dunfermline Athletic v Queen of the South New Central Park 2pm 1 MON 10/09/2018 SPFL Reserve Cup Group D Motherwell v Dundee Forthbank Stadium 2pm 2 MON 08/10/2018 SPFL Reserve Cup Group A Hamilton Academical v Dundee United New Douglas Park 2pm 2 MON 08/10/2018 SPFL Reserve Cup Group A St. Johnstone v St. Mirren McDiarmid Park 2pm 2 MON 08/10/2018 SPFL Reserve Cup Group B Aberdeen v Falkirk Balmoral Stadium 2pm 2 MON 08/10/2018 SPFL Reserve Cup Group B Ross County v Celtic Highland Football Academy 2pm 2 MON 08/10/2018 SPFL Reserve Cup Group C Heart of Midlothian v Kilmarnock Oriam 2pm 2 MON 08/10/2018 SPFL Reserve Cup Group C Partick Thistle v Hibernian Lesser Hampden 2pm 2 MON 08/10/2018 SPFL Reserve Cup Group D Dundee v Morton Links Park 2pm 2 MON 08/10/2018 SPFL Reserve Cup Group D Queen of the South v Motherwell Palmerston Park 2pm 3 MON 15/10/2018 SPFL Reserve Cup Group D Morton v Queen of the South Cappielow Park 2pm 3 MON 15/10/2018 SPFL Reserve Cup Group D Motherwell v Dunfermline Athletic Forthbank Stadium 2pm 4 MON 05/11/2018 SPFL Reserve Cup Group D Dunfermline Athletic v Morton New Central Park 2pm 4 MON 05/11/2018 SPFL Reserve Cup Group D Queen of the South v Dundee Palmerston Park 2pm 5 MON 12/11/2018 SPFL Reserve Cup Group A Dundee United v St.
    [Show full text]
  • Waterloo Exchange, Dublin 4
    A PROMINENT BUILDING A PRESTIGIOUS ADDRESS WWW.WATERLOOEXCHANGE.IE A PROMINENT BUILDING A PRESTIGIOUS ADDRESS WATERLOO EXCHANGE, DUBLIN 4 An exceptional building in a vibrant location, Waterloo Exchange provides 4,056 sq.m of stylish and contemporary office accommodation together with 90 car parking spaces. UNRIVALLED CENTRAL LOCATION 30 31 20 36 32 21 28 29 18 9 19 16 22 35 8 34 25 12 23 6 27 17 14 15 13 26 24 7 33 11 37 10 In addition to the Finance Sector, the location attracts a wide range of other occupiers including Government Bodies, Information Technology, Legal, New Media, Pharmaceutical and Service Companies. 1 Aviva Stadium 2 Revenue Region Office 3 Israeli Embassy 4 Labour Relations Commission 5 Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies 6 Waterloo Exchange 7 Bank of Ireland 1 8 Grand Canal 9 The Alliance 10 New Ireland Assurance 4 11 Eugene F Collins 12 Bank of Ireland 13 Amazon / Adroll / BSkyB 2 14 EBS 15 Apollo MacQuarie / Morgan McKinley / 3 Groupon / Alkermes Jazz Pharma 16 Accenture / Google / BNP Services / BT 17 Mespil Hotel 18 Shelbourne Park 19 Elan / NAMA / NTMA 20 State Street 21 AWAS / SEB / Trip Advisor / Logmein WATERLOO EXCHANGE 22 Stripe 23 Canadian Embassy 24 Bank of Ireland 25 Rothco 26 IDA 27 Linkedin 28 Airbnb 29 Facebook 5 30 PWC 31 Convention Center 32 AIG 33 Australian Embassy / Appeals Commissioner 34 ESB 35 Merrion Square 36 IFSC 37 Huawei THE PERFECT WORKING ENVIRONMENT This unique location offers an unrivalled vibrant street life, making it a lively and energetic environment for business and entertainment.
    [Show full text]
  • Crownpoint United Afc Vs Drumchapel United Afc
    SCOTTISH AMATEUR FOOTBALL ASSOCIATION sunday trophy final 2018 crownpoint united afC Vs drumchapel united afc sunday 29th april 2018 (2pm) The dumbarton stadium 8 1 0 2 C l f ) a L a F n A i C S d f ( s l e n a y a n i z t i r F i h t - i r i u a p m m P e e 8 n e s S 1 o e u 0 l y r o 2 h u r e l h i p v n r o t e O p r t t T A s S y V , y h t a ) k n r 8 L d a a F n y i P u a A d S d C w n s S e o ( i t u n r v S l d o i e p u p h t i c S n s O U M n t J s n R i t o p w r n w o o o r C p r s c m j r a word from the Vice president On behalf of the Scottish Amateur Football Association, I would like to welcome you all to The Dumbarton Football Stadium to watch this year’s RJM Sports Sunday Trophy Final between Crownpoint United AFC and Drumchapel United AFC, a game which I am sure will serve up exciting entertainment. We are as always indebted to the sponsor of this trophy, RJM Sports, who continually support the Association in various competitions in our diary, but RJM are and have been for sometime now especially enthusiastic regarding The Sunday Trophy, and we thank Robert Marshall and his colleagues for their efforts throughout the season.
    [Show full text]