DOCSLIB.ORG

3.1 Greek Or Bulgarian? the Concept of Nationality

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
3.1 Greek Or Bulgarian? the Concept of Nationality UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Becoming Bulgarian : the articulation of Bulgarian identity in the nineteenth century in its international context: an intellectual history Sampimon, J. Publication date 2006 Document Version Final published version Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Sampimon, J. (2006). Becoming Bulgarian : the articulation of Bulgarian identity in the nineteenth century in its international context: an intellectual history. Uitgeverij Pegasus. General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:29 Sep 2021 Becoming Bulgarian The articulation of Bulgarian identity in the nineteenth century in its international context: an intellectual history ACADEMISCH PROEFSCHRIFT ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit van Amsterdam op gezag van de Rector Magnificus prof. mr. P.F. van der Heijden ten overstaan van een door het college voor promoties ingestelde commissie, in het openbaar te verdedigen in de Aula der Universiteit op donderdag 12 oktober 2006, te 10.00 uur door Jacqueline Anette Sampimon, geboren te Alkmaar Illustration 1: A map of modern Bulgaria 2 Foreword This dissertation forms part of the Philology and National Culture programme at the University of Amsterdam. More precisely, it was written as part of the project: Cultural nationalism in the Balkans during the nineteenth century: Scholarly and intellectual institutions and networks in a multi-ethnic region, initiated by Joep Leerssen, professor of Modern European literature1. In addition to my research, this project consists of studies about national movements among Greeks, Serbs/Croats and Romanians2. Other projects undertaken within the programme include studies of the scholars Joast Hiddes Halbertsma and Jernej Kopitar3. Most of the documents from archives used in this study have been edited, interpreted and published, mainly by Bulgarian scholars. In the Bulgarian tradition it is quite common for scholars to render citations in Bulgarian, sometimes even without mentioning which language was used in the original. I have tried to find and use original versions of quotations as much as possible. In the case of longer citations from languages which use the Cyrillic alphabet, the Cyrillic writing system has been adopted. To avoid practical problems with letters and ligatures like å, •, ø, œ, «, æ, ˝ and Á, older citations are quoted using the modern spelling. Nevertheless, I have tried to keep their original grammatical and lexical features. Shorter citations, names and book titles in Bulgarian, Russian, Serbian or Greek are presented in Latin transliteration, according to the system recommended by the United Nations4. Geographic names have, as far as practical, been represented by their modern names. Therefore ‘Istanbul’ instead of ‘Carigrad’ or ‘Constantinople’. This last name is used only in reference to the Patriarch of Constantinople. Whenever mention is made of ‘Bulgaria’, I use it in the 21st-century sense, unless stated otherwise. For the areas (partly) inhabited by Bulgarians in the 1 See http://www.hum.uva.nl/philology/ (under projects) for a description of the project. 2 These studies are carried out by Marjolijne Janssen, Floris van Nierop and André Kom respectively. In short, the term ‘the Amsterdam Balkan Group’ is sometimes used to refer to the four PhD students, coordinator Roel Schuyt and project leader Joep Leerssen. 3 Undertaken by Alpita de Jong and Ingrid Merchiers. 4 See http://www.eki.ee/wgrs The system presented here leads to an unambiguous way of pronunciation, also for people who do not have a command of the language in question. Some remarks about the pronunciation of unfamiliar letters: Bulgarian: č š ž are pronounced as ch sh zh in English, u as the oo in fool, h is pronounced as the ch in loch, ă as the u in mud, c sounds like the ts in let’s, and j is pronounced as y. In transliterations from Russian, ë is pronounced yo, and y is pronounced as a sound in between i and u. Transliterations from Serbian have two more letters: ć which is pronounced ch, but further forward in the mouth than č, and đ, which sounds roughly like dj. In transliterations from Greek, ch is pronounced as the ch in loch. 3 nineteenth century (modern Bulgaria, Macedonia and Thrace) I use the combination ‘the Bulgarian lands’. The same basic principle holds for personal names, although there are numerous cases of people who in modern conceptions, have more than one nationality, or none at all. I have chosen to use the name and spelling which reflects the national tradition to which individuals contributed most. Thus I speak of Nikolaos Sava Pikkolos (the way Greeks do), and not Nikola Pikolo (the Bulgarian version) or Piccolo (the French version); and Adamantios Korais (Greek), instead of Coray (French, the way he did himself). An exception to this rule is made to avoid obscuring family links between people. Thus I used the Bulgarian version Atanas Bogoridi over the Greek Athanasios Vogoridis, to express his kinship with the prince Stefan Bogoridi and his descendants, who are much better known among Bulgarians. The names of Pavel Jozef Šafárik and Franz Miklošič are represented not in the German version that they used themselves, but in their native Slovak and Slovenian respectively. For readers who are not familiar with any Balkan language the endings of personal names will often provide a clue to a person’s primary identification. A widely-known anecdote tells the story of a man who, depending on the political situation and the place where he is at the moment, can introduce himself as: Petrov (Bulgarian) Petrović (Serbian/Croatian) Petro(v)ski (Macedonian) Petroglu (Turkish) Petrou/Petridis (Greek) Petrescu (Romanian) Personal and geographical names that are well known in another language, like the Greek Moschopolis (nowadays Voskopoja in Albanian), or have a current English name, like Vienna and Moscow, have been given in the more widespread form. The appendix to this dissertation provides a glossary of some terms that might be unfamiliar to the reader. 4 1: Introduction. Aims, backgrounds, method By 1914, when the First World War was unleashed as a result of the Sarajevo incident, Bulgaria was already an established state on the Balkans. It had, in the immediately preceding Balkan Wars, seen a dramatic expansion, and then a re-curtailment, of its territory, and counted as one of the major geopolitical players in the region. A century previously, the very concept of ‘Bulgarian’ was practically unheard-of. If the name of ‘Bulgaria’ was known at all, it was as the name of a medieval realm which had disappeared; ‘Bulgarians’ were a tribe of uncertain identity and origin, like other shady ethnicities from an undocumented past such as Thracians, Sarmathians, Huns, Magyars or Turks. The name had survived as byword for a heresy, and as a term of abuse (Bugomil, bougre, bugger). The population was identified only as subjects of the Ottoman Empire, ruled by a Greek-Orthodox (and Greek-speaking) church hierarchy under Ottoman auspices, and at best speaking (in the private sphere) some obscure dialect which was not even generally recognized yet as belonging to the Slavic language family. In the nineteenth century, then, this amorphous group was constituted into a Bulgarian nation5. The present thesis wants to analyse this process. It is known, generally, as the Văzraždane or Bulgarian ‘rebirth’, culminating in the creation of a Bulgarian state when the Treaty of San Stefano concluded the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-78. This San Stefano-Bulgaria was extensive and the Great Powers of Europe feared that it would give Russia too much influence on the Balkans. As a result, in July 1878 at the Berlin Congress, the European powers decided that the size of Bulgaria was to be reduced drastically. The 5 Many definitions have been applied to the term nation. In this work I will follow the definition as given by Ernest Gellner. He stated that two men are of the same nation if 1) and only if they share the same culture, where culture in turn means a system of ideas and signs and associations and ways of behaving and communicating, and if 2) they recognize each other as belonging to the same nation. Gellner, Ernest (1983). Nations and nationalism (Ithaca: Cornell University Press), 7. A nation is, according to Miroslav Hroch, to be distinguished from what he calls a Non Dominant Ethnic Group in the following aspects: 1) the nation possesses a complete or almost complete hierarchical social structure, including educated elites and an entrepreneurial bourgeoisie; 2) members of the nation also form a community of citizens with equal rights, and they act and proceed as such; 3) they have or strive for an institutionalized internal administration for the territory they inhabit, and are aware of its boundaries; 4) they use a codified standard language, or demand that this be used in schools; 5) they claim a collection of works of high culture, specifically their own, although this may include elements from a previous pre-national period; 6) next to their awareness of a common origin, they also acquired a knowledge of their own history.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Greek Enlightenment and the Changing Cultural Status of Women
    SOPHIA DENISSI The Greek Enlightenment and the Changing Cultural Status of Women In 1856 Andreas Laskaratos, one of the most liberal authors of his time, writes: There is no doubt that we took a giant step in allowing our women learning. This step reveals that a revolution took place in the spirit; a revolution which has taken our minds away from the road of backwardness and has led them to the road of progress. Though this transmission has not received any attention yet, it constitutes one of these events that will leave its trace in the history of the human spirit.1 Laskaratos is quite correct in talking about a revolution since the decision to accept women's education at the end of the eighteenth and beginning of the nineteenth centuries was indeed a revolutionary act if we consider the state of Greek women who had been living in absolute ignorance and seclusion that prevailed throughout the years of the Ottoman occupation. What caused this revolution? What made Greek men, or rather a progressive minority at first, still subjects of the Ottoman Empire concede the right to education and even to a public voice for women? The answer will be revealed to us by taking a close look at the first educated Greek women who managed to break the traditional silence imposed upon their sex by patriarchal culture and make their presence felt in the male world. We can distinguish two main groups among the first educated Greek women; those coming from the aristocratic circle of the Phanariots and those coming from the circle of progressive men of letters.
    [Show full text]
  • TANZIMAT in the PROVINCE: NATIONALIST SEDITION (FESAT), BANDITRY (EŞKİYA) and LOCAL COUNCILS in the OTTOMAN SOUTHERN BALKANS (1840S to 1860S)
    TANZIMAT IN THE PROVINCE: NATIONALIST SEDITION (FESAT), BANDITRY (EŞKİYA) AND LOCAL COUNCILS IN THE OTTOMAN SOUTHERN BALKANS (1840s TO 1860s) Dissertation zur Erlangung der Würde einer Doktorin der Philosophie vorgelegt der Philosophisch-Historischen Fakultät der Universität Basel von ANNA VAKALIS aus Thessaloniki, Griechenland Basel, 2019 Buchbinderei Bommer GmbH, Basel Originaldokument gespeichert auf dem Dokumentenserver der Universität Basel edoc.unibas.ch ANNA VAKALIS, ‘TANZIMAT IN THE PROVINCE: NATIONALIST SEDITION (FESAT), BANDITRY (EŞKİYA) AND LOCAL COUNCILS IN THE OTTOMAN SOUTHERN BALKANS (1840s TO 1860s)’ Genehmigt von der Philosophisch-Historischen Fakultät der Universität Basel, auf Antrag von Prof. Dr. Maurus Reinkowski und Assoc. Prof. Dr. Yonca Köksal (Koç University, Istanbul). Basel, den 05/05/2017 Der Dekan Prof. Dr. Thomas Grob 2 ANNA VAKALIS, ‘TANZIMAT IN THE PROVINCE: NATIONALIST SEDITION (FESAT), BANDITRY (EŞKİYA) AND LOCAL COUNCILS IN THE OTTOMAN SOUTHERN BALKANS (1840s TO 1860s)’ TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………..…….…….….7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS………………………………………...………..………8-9 NOTES ON PLACES……………………………………………………….……..….10 INTRODUCTION -Rethinking the Tanzimat........................................................................................................11-19 -Ottoman Province(s) in the Balkans………………………………..…….………...19-25 -Agency in Ottoman Society................…..............................................................................25-35 CHAPTER 1: THE STATE SETTING THE STAGE: Local Councils
    [Show full text]
  • 200Th Anniversary of the Greek War of Independence 1821-2021 18 1821-2021
    Special Edition: 200th Anniversary of the Greek War of Independence 1821-2021 18 1821-2021 A publication of the Dean C. and Zoë S. Pappas Interdisciplinary March 2021 VOLUME 1 ISSUE NO. 3 Center for Hellenic Studies and the Friends of Hellenic Studies From the Director Dear Friends, On March 25, 1821, in the city of Kalamata in the southern Peloponnesos, the chieftains from the region of Mani convened the Messinian Senate of Kalamata to issue a revolutionary proclamation for “Liberty.” The commander Petrobey Mavromichalis then wrote the following appeal to the Americans: “Citizens of the United States of America!…Having formed the resolution to live or die for freedom, we are drawn toward you by a just sympathy; since it is in your land that Liberty has fixed her abode, and by you that she is prized as by our fathers.” He added, “It is for you, citizens of America, to crown this glory, in aiding us to purge Greece from the barbarians, who for four hundred years have polluted the soil.” The Greek revolutionaries understood themselves as part of a universal struggle for freedom. It is this universal struggle for freedom that the Pappas Center for Hellenic Studies and Stockton University raises up and celebrates on the occasion of the 200th anniversary of the beginning of the Greek Revolution in 1821. The Pappas Center IN THIS ISSUE for Hellenic Studies and the Friends of Hellenic Studies have prepared this Special Edition of the Hellenic Voice for you to enjoy. In this Special Edition, we feature the Pappas Center exhibition, The Greek Pg.
    [Show full text]
  • Blood Ties: Religion, Violence, and the Politics of Nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia, 1878
    BLOOD TIES BLOOD TIES Religion, Violence, and the Politics of Nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia, 1878–1908 I˙pek Yosmaog˘lu Cornell University Press Ithaca & London Copyright © 2014 by Cornell University All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. For information, address Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850. First published 2014 by Cornell University Press First printing, Cornell Paperbacks, 2014 Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Yosmaog˘lu, I˙pek, author. Blood ties : religion, violence,. and the politics of nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia, 1878–1908 / Ipek K. Yosmaog˘lu. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8014-5226-0 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN 978-0-8014-7924-3 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Macedonia—History—1878–1912. 2. Nationalism—Macedonia—History. 3. Macedonian question. 4. Macedonia—Ethnic relations. 5. Ethnic conflict— Macedonia—History. 6. Political violence—Macedonia—History. I. Title. DR2215.Y67 2013 949.76′01—dc23 2013021661 Cornell University Press strives to use environmentally responsible suppliers and materials to the fullest extent possible in the publishing of its books. Such materials include vegetable-based, low-VOC inks and acid-free papers that are recycled, totally chlorine-free, or partly composed of nonwood fibers. For further information, visit our website at www.cornellpress.cornell.edu. Cloth printing 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Paperback printing 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To Josh Contents Acknowledgments ix Note on Transliteration xiii Introduction 1 1.
    [Show full text]
  • By Konstantinou, Evangelos Precipitated Primarily by the Study
    by Konstantinou, Evangelos Precipitated primarily by the study of ancient Greece, a growing enthusiasm for Greece emerged in Europe from the 18th century. This enthusiasm manifested itself in literature and art in the movements referred to as classicism and neoclassicism. The founda- tions of contemporary culture were identified in the culture of Greek antiquity and there was an attempt to learn more about and even revive the latter. These efforts manifested themselves in the themes, motifs and forms employed in literature and art. How- ever, European philhellenism also had an effect in the political sphere. Numerous societies were founded to support the cause of Greek independence during the Greek War of Independence, and volunteers went to Greece to join the fight against the Ottoman Empire. Conversely, the emergence of the Enlightenment in Greece was due at least in part to the Greek students who studied at European universities and brought Enlightenment ideas with them back to Greece. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Literary and Popular Philhellenism in Europe 2. European Travellers to Greece and Their Travel Accounts 3. The Greek Enlightenment 4. Reasons for Supporting Greece 5. Philhellenic Germany 6. Lord Byron 7. European Philhellenism 8. Societies for the Support of the Greeks 9. Bavarian "State Philhellenism" 10. Jakob Philip Fallmerayer and Anti-Philhellenism 11. Appendix 1. Sources 2. Bibliography 3. Notes Indices Citation The neo-humanism of the 18th and 19th centuries contributed considerably to the emergence of a philhellenic1 climate in Europe. This new movement was founded by Johann Joachim Winckelmann (1717–1768) (ᇄ Media Link #ab), who identified aesthetic ideals and ethical norms in Greek art, and whose work Geschichte der Kunst des Altertums (1764) (ᇄ Media Link #ac) (History of the Art of Antiquity) made ancient Greece the point of departure for an aestheticizing art history and cultural history.
    [Show full text]
  • The Greeks and America's Founding Fathers
    The Objective Standard The Greeks and America’s Founding Fathers TIMOTHY SANDEFUR The Greeks and America’s Founding Fathers TIMOTHY SANDEFUR Copyright © 2018 by The Objective Standard. All rights reserved. The Rational Alternative to “Liberalism” and Conservatism OBAMACARE v. GOVERNMENT’S ASSAULT ANDY KESSLER ON Ayn Rand THE BRILLIANCE THE CONSTITUTION (p.11) ON CAREER COLLEGES (p.53) “EATING PEOPLE” (p.75) Contra Nietzsche CEO Jim Brown’s Vision OF LOUIS PASTEURTHE OBJECTIVE STANDARD THE WAR BETWEEN STANDARD OBJECTIVE THE for the Ayn Rand Institute EDUCATION IN INTELLECTUALS AND CAPITALISM Capitalism A FREE SOCIETY Because Science Alex Epstein on How to The Objective StandardVOL. 6, NO. 2 • SUMMER 2011 THE OBJECTIVE STANDARD The Objective Standard Improve Your World – 2014 VOL. 8, NO. 4 • WINTER 2013 Robin Field on Objectivism Forand theProfit Performing Arts The Objective Standard VOL. 12, NO. 1 • SPRING 2017 “Ayn Rand Said” Libertarianism It is Is Not an Argument VOL. 11, NO. 2 • SUMMER 2016 vs. THE OBJECTIVE STANDARD Time: The Objective Standard Radical Capitalism America CONSERVATIVES’FAULT at Her The Iranian & Saudi Regimes Best Plus: Is SPRING 2017 ∙ VOL. 12, NO. 1 NO. 12, VOL. ∙ 2017 SPRING (p.19) SUMMER 2011 ∙ VOL. 6, NO. 2 NO. 6, ∙ VOL. SUMMER 2011 MUST GO WINTER 2013–2014 ∙ VOL. 8, NO. 4 Plus: Ex-CIA Spy Reza Kahlili on Iran’s Evil Regime (p.24)Hamiltonian Ribbon, Orange Crate, and Votive Holder, 14” x 18” Historian John D. Lewis on U.S. Foreign Policy (p.38) LINDA MANN Still Lifes in Oil SUMMER 2016 ∙ VOL. 11, NO. 2 lindamann.com ∙ 425.644.9952 WWW.CAPITALISTPIG.COM POB 1658 Chicago, IL 60658 An actively managed hedge fund.
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient Olympic Games
    Dreamreader.net Sports – Higher Intermediate Level Ancient Olympic Games In ancient history, the Olympic Games were a series of competitions between different cities in Greece. There were athletic games as well as combat and chariot racing. According to legend, the Olympic Games were created by Zeus and his son, Heracles, both of whom were Greek gods. Heracles declared the Olympic Games would be held every four years and built a stadium to honor his father. At the earliest recorded Olympics in 776 B.C., racing was the only event. However, later Olympic Games held gradually longer races such as the marathon. In the year 393 A.D., Roman emperor Theodosius banned the Olympic Games. He was a Christian who believed that the games were a form of worshipping of a false religion. For almost 1500 years, the Olympics ceased to exist as an event. In the late 19th century, two things sparked the restoration of the Olympic Games. Writers and artists at the time were rebelling against scientific progress and politics of the 1800s. Many of them believed that humanity and nature were under threat as society became increasingly dominated by rules and rational scientific thought. To fight against these changes, these artists used their words and paintings to celebrate the beauty of nature and human emotion. Many of them were inspired by the similar themes found in ancient Greek art, such as operas and poetry. They identified heavily with the spirit of the ancient Games, which celebrated the human spirit through struggle and competition. The independence of Greece in the 1830s also helped to bring back the Olympics.
    [Show full text]
  • 93323765-Mack-Ridge-Language-And
    Language and National Identity in Greece 1766–1976 This page intentionally left blank Language and National Identity in Greece 1766–1976 PETER MACKRIDGE 1 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford ox2 6DP Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York © Peter Mackridge 2009 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2009 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose the same condition on any acquirer British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Mackridge, Peter.
    [Show full text]
  • What Does Our Country Mean to Us? Gender Justice and the Greek Nation-State
    What Does Our Country Mean to Us? Gender Justice and the Greek Nation-State by Athanasia Vouloukos A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts in Political Science Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario © Copyright Athanasia Vouloukos 2005 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Library and Bibliotheque et 1*1 Archives Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 0-494-10075-3 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 0-494-10075-3 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non­ L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives and Archives Canada to reproduce,Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve,sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par I'lnternet, preter, telecommunication or on the Internet,distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans loan, distribute and sell theses le monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, worldwide, for commercial or non­ sur support microforme, papier, electronique commercial purposes, in microform,et/ou autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. this thesis. Neither the thesis Ni la these ni des extraits substantiels de nor substantial extracts from it celle-ci ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement may be printed or otherwise reproduits sans son autorisation.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ideologies of Lived Space in Literary Texts, Ancient and Modern
    The Ideologies of Lived Space in Literary Texts, Ancient and Modern Jo Heirman & Jacqueline Klooster (eds.) ideologies.lived.spaces-00a.fm Page 1 Monday, August 19, 2013 9:03 AM THE IDEOLOGIES OF LIVED SPACE IN LITERARY TEXTS, ANCIENT AND MODERN ideologies.lived.spaces-00a.fm Page 2 Monday, August 19, 2013 9:03 AM ideologies.lived.spaces-00a.fm Page 3 Monday, August 19, 2013 9:03 AM THE IDEOLOGIES OF LIVED SPACE IN LITERARY TEXTS, ANCIENT AND MODERN Jacqueline Klooster and Jo Heirman (eds.) ideologies.lived.spaces-00a.fm Page 4 Monday, August 19, 2013 9:03 AM © Academia Press Eekhout 2 9000 Gent T. (+32) (0)9 233 80 88 F. (+32) (0)9 233 14 09 [email protected] www.academiapress.be The publications of Academia Press are distributed by: UPNE, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA (www.upne.com) Jacqueline Klooster and Jo Heirman (eds.) The Ideologies of Lived Space in Literary Texts, Ancient and Modern Gent, Academia Press, 2013, 256 pp. Lay-out: proxessmaes.be Cover: Studio Eyal & Myrthe ISBN 978 90 382 2102 1 D/2013/4804/169 U 2068 No part of this publication may be reproduced in print, by photocopy, microfilm or any other means, without the prior written permission of the publisher. ideologies.lived.spaces.book Page 1 Saturday, August 17, 2013 11:47 AM 1 Contents INTRODUCTION . 3 The Ideologies of ‘Lived Space’, Ancient and Modern Part 1 LIVED SPACE AND SOCIETY CAVE AND COSMOS . 15 Sacred Caves in Greek Epic Poetry from Homer (eighth century BCE) to Nonnus (fifth century CE) Emilie van Opstall SPACE AND MYTH .
    [Show full text]
  • Een Politiek Avontuur. De Aithiopika Als Model Voor Soutsos' De
    29 Een politiek avontuur. De Aithiopika als model voor Soutsos’ De Banneling van 1831 Steven VAN RENTERGHEM Abstract Several recent publications in the field ofModern Greekliterature have suggested thatthe novels written during the two decadesfollowing Greece’s independence in 1830 were in fact inspired by their Hellenistic and Byzantine predecessors, andtherefore generically are ‘adventure novels of ordeal”. In this paper 1 put these insights into practice by compar- ing Heliodoros’ Aithiopika (ca. 350 A.D.) with Alexandros Soutsos’ The Exile of 1831 (1835) and argue that the connections between these two novels are so close that the Aithiopikia can be considered as the direct model for Soutsos’novel. The main resemblances between the two works can be foundin their narrative organisation and in the presenceof similarnarrative themes. But Soutsos’ innovations vis-à-vis his modelare also noteworthy. Firstly, The Exile of1831 has a pessimistic ending whereas in the Aithio- pika contains the stereotypical happy end. Secondly, actions performed in the Aithiopika bythe heroine, are in Soutsos’ novel reversed and experienced by the hero. Taking into account these “good-bad’ and “hero-heroine’ inversions, 1 furthermore arguethat Soutsos did this consciously in orderto add an allegorical layer to his novel. This allowed him to express an ideological-political message at a time when Greece was developping its identity as a modern nation-state. ek Kort na de onafhankelijkheid van Griekenlandin 1828, verscheen ook het genre van de roman opnieuw in de Griekseliteratuurgeschiedenis. In kortetijd produ- ceerden drie schrijvers elk een roman: de broers Panagiotis en Alexandros Soutsos met respectievelijk Leandros (1834) en De Banneling van 1831 (1835) en lakovosPitzipios met Het Weesmeisje van Chios (1839).
    [Show full text]
  • The Revival of the Greek Ideal and Philhellenism. a Perambulation
    Loukia Droulia Institute for Neohellenic Research/NHRF The Revival of the Greek Ideal and Philhellenism. A Perambulation A frequent phenomenon in the history of languages, loans and “counter-loans” in the use of terms are of interest because they attest cultural contact and the influence that one culture may exert on another, whether these are cases of voluntary preference due to admiration and acknowledgement of superiority, or the result of conquest and long- term coexistence. Whatever the case, there are instances in which this phenomenon creates problems, since language, as a living organism, is not static: it receives, rejects, varies the charge of its terms, and so on. These familiar ascertainments come increasingly and ever more persistently to mind when we observe the need that modern Western – and not only – languages had and have to draw upon Graeco-Roman Antiquity, a fact accepted over the centuries. As far as Latin is concerned, after the formation of the national languages in Europe this fact does not seem to have created negative problems. This does not apply, however, to the transformed, national Greek language, whose users are sometimes nonplussed when they come across in other European languages Greek words serving – as neologisms – their new needs, sometimes obliging the Greeks to construct new derivatives in order to render the meaning of a term which had already been established in the Modern Greek linguistic instrument. The thoughts expressed here are prompted by the controversial term “philhellenism”, a term that is considered to have been born in the nineteenth century, the century of –isms, and which was ascribed to a specific but complex movement which we could say has not yet found its final definition; perhaps because the term “philhellenism” is used today, most probably for reasons of facility-usage, in a widened sense that in some cases can be considered even as an anachronism.
    [Show full text]