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Le Rôle Du Gouvernement De Vichy Dans La Rafle Du Vel' D'hiv' Et Sa Mémoire Aux Yeux De La
The College of Wooster Libraries Open Works Senior Independent Study Theses 2016 La Trahison et la honte : Le rôle du gouvernement de Vichy dans la rafle du elV ’ d’Hiv’ et sa mémoire aux yeux de la société française Olivia Bolek College of Wooster, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://openworks.wooster.edu/independentstudy Part of the Other French and Francophone Language and Literature Commons Recommended Citation Bolek, Olivia, "La Trahison et la honte : Le rôle du gouvernement de Vichy dans la rafle du eV l’ d’Hiv’ et sa mémoire aux yeux de la société française" (2016). Senior Independent Study Theses. Paper 6979. https://openworks.wooster.edu/independentstudy/6979 This Senior Independent Study Thesis Exemplar is brought to you by Open Works, a service of The oC llege of Wooster Libraries. It has been accepted for inclusion in Senior Independent Study Theses by an authorized administrator of Open Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. © Copyright 2016 Olivia Bolek Abstract While many people know that World War II France was occupied by the Germans, retaining little sovereignty in the de facto Vichy government, many may not realize the extent to which the French collaborated with their Nazi occupiers and how many anti-Semitic measures were in fact created by the Vichy government. After the war, the crimes committed by the French against the Jews became a taboo which slowly transformed over the years into what is today considered to be an obsession with the topic. These events are best demonstrated through the 1942 Vel’ d’Hiv’ roundup in which Parisian authorities gathered over 13,000 Jews, detaining over half of them in the Vélodrome d’Hiver, an indoor cycling arena in Paris, for almost a week without food, water, or sanitation. -
Vichy France and the Jews
VICHY FRANCE AND THE JEWS MICHAEL R. MARRUS AND ROBERT 0. PAXTON Originally published as Vichy et les juifs by Calmann-Levy 1981 Basic Books, Inc., Publishers New York Contents Introduction Chapter 1 / First Steps Chapter 2 / The Roots o f Vichy Antisemitism Traditional Images of the Jews 27 Second Wave: The Crises of the 1930s and the Revival of Antisemitism 34 The Reach of Antisemitism: How Influential Was It? 45 The Administrative Response 54 The Refugee Crisis, 1938-41 58 Chapter 3 / The Strategy o f Xavier Vallat, i 9 4 !-4 2 The Beginnings of German Pressure 77 Vichy Defines the Jewish Issue, 1941 83 Vallat: An Activist at Work 96 The Emigration Deadlock 112 Vallat’s Fall 115 Chapter 4 / The System at Work, 1040-42 The CGQJ and Other State Agencies: Rivalries and Border Disputes 128 Business as Usual 144 Aryanization 152 Emigration 161 The Camps 165 Chapter 5 / Public Opinion, 1040-42 The Climax of Popular Antisemitism 181 The DistriBution of Popular Antisemitism 186 A Special Case: Algeria 191 The Churches and the Jews 197 X C ontents The Opposition 203 An Indifferent Majority 209 Chapter 6 / The Turning Point: Summer 1Q42 215 New Men, New Measures 218 The Final Solution 220 Laval and the Final Solution 228 The Effort to Segregate: The Jewish Star 234 Preparing the Deportation 241 The Vel d’Hiv Roundup 250 Drancy 252 Roundups in the Unoccupied Zone 255 The Massacre of the Innocents 263 The Turn in PuBlic Opinion 270 Chapter 7 / The Darquier Period, 1942-44 281 Darquier’s CGQJ and Its Place in the Regime 286 Darquier’s CGQJ in Action 294 Total Occupation and the Resumption of Deportations 302 Vichy, the ABBé Catry, and the Massada Zionists 310 The Italian Interlude 315 Denaturalization, August 1943: Laval’s Refusal 321 Last Days 329 Chapter 8 / Conclusions: The Holocaust in France . -
September / October
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR YAD VASHEM Vol. 46-No. 1 ISSN 0892-1571 September/October 2019-Tishri/Cheshvan 5780 “TWO ARE BETTER THAN ONE… AND A THREEFOLD CORD CANNOT QUICKLY BE BROKEN” n Sunday, November 17, 2019, the are leaders of numerous organizations, including membrance for their grandparents, and to rein- American Society for Yad Vashem AIPAC, WIZO, UJA, and American Friends of force their commitment to Yad Vashem so that will be honoring three generations of Rambam Hospital. the world will never forget. Oone family at our Annual Tribute Din- Jonathan and Sam Friedman have been ll three generations, including ner in New York City. The Gora-Sterling-Fried- deeply influenced by Mona, David and their ex- David’s three children — Ian and his man family reflects the theme of this year’s traordinary grandparents, Jack and Paula. Grow- wife Laura, Jeremy and his wife Tribute Dinner, which comes from Kohelet. “Two ing up, they both heard Jack tell his story of AMorgan, and Melissa — live in the are better than one… and a threefold cord can- survival and resilience at the Yom HaShoah pro- greater New York City area. They gather often, not quickly be broken” (4:9-12). All three gener- ations are proud supporters of Yad Vashem and are deeply committed to the mission of Holo- caust remembrance and education. Paula and Jack Gora will receive the ASYV Remembrance Award, Mona and David Sterling will receive the ASYV Achievement Award, and Samantha and Jonathan Friedman and Paz and Sam Friedman will receive the ASYV Young Leadership Award. -
USHMM Finding
http://collections.ushmm.org Contact [email protected] for further information about this collection GEHEIME STAATSPOLIZEI (GESTAPO). SELECTED RECORDS, FRANCE, 1940‐1944 1998.A.0099, RG‐43.140M United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Archives 100 Raoul Wallenberg Place SW Washington, DC 20024‐2126 Tel. (202) 479‐9717 e‐mail: [email protected] Descriptive summary Title: Geheime Staatspolizei (Gestapo). Selected records, France. Dates: 1940‐1944. Accession number: 1998.A.0099, RG‐43.140M. Creator: Germany. ‐‐Geheime Staatspolizei. Extent: 10 microfilm reels. Repository: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Archives, 100 Raoul Wallenberg Place SW, Washington, DC 20024‐2126 Abstract: The collection contains the records of the Gestapo’s department of Jewish affairs in France with regard to the persecution, internment, and deportation of Jews there as well as its relations with the Italian authorities on these subjects. Languages: German, French, Italian. Administrative Information Access: Collection is open for use, but may be stored offsite. Please contact the Reference Desk more than seven days prior to visit in order to request access. Reproduction and use: Collection is available for use. Material may be protected by copyright. Please contact reference staff for further information. Preferred citation: (Identification of item), Geheime Staatspolizei (Gestapo). Selected records, France, RG‐43.140M, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Archives, Washington, DC Acquisition information: Microfilm copies obtained from the Centre de Documentation Juive Contemporaine (CDJC) of the Mémorial de la Shoah, 1998. http://collections.ushmm.org http://collections.ushmm.org Contact [email protected] for further information about this collection Custodial history: A large number of SS records were acquired by the CDJC in the early post‐war period. -
Jewish Genocide in Galicia
Jewish Genocide in Galicia Jewish Genocide in Galicia 2nd Edition With Appendix: Vernichtungslager ‘Bełżec’ Robin O’Neil Published by © Copyright Robin O’Neil 2015 JEWISH GENOCIDE IN GALICIA All rights reserved. The right of Robin O’Nei to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, nor translated into a machine language, without the written permission of the publisher. Condition of sale This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, re-sold, hired out or otherwise circulated in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser. ISBN Frontispiece: The Rabka 4 + 1 - incorporating the original book cover of Rudolf Reder’s ‘Bełżec’, 1946. 2nd Edition Part 1 2016: The Rabka Four + 1. First published 2011 under the title ‘The Rabka Four’. Contents Academic Excellence In Murder......................................i Dedication....................................................................... ii Lives Remembered .........................................................iv Note on Language...........................................................vi The Hunting Grounds for the Rabka 4 + 1 (zbV) 1941-1944 .........................................................................x -
Fugate 1 Brittany Fugate Dr. Thomas Kaiser Modern
Fugate 1 Brittany Fugate Dr. Thomas Kaiser Modern France April 25, 2018 The CGQJ: The French Equivalent of the German SS After France’s failure to protect themselves from the Germans, a governmental institution known as the Vichy Regime came into power. The Nazis used this Regime in collaboration with the French to implement the Final Solution. Under the Regime, many organizations were founded to ensure that the Final Solution was carried out effectively. One of these institutions was the Commissariat Général aux Questions Juives, General Commissioner for Jewish Affairs in English, and abbreviated CGQJ. The CGQJ’s mission was to implement anti-Semitic legislation and facilitate collaboration amongst the other legislative departments. It quickly became one of the most influential organizations established under the Vichy Regime due to a law passed in 1941 that excluded the Jewish people from many professions. In “Verdict of Vichy: Power and Prejudice in the Vichy France Regime,” Michael Curtis stated the law allowed them to “intervene in the activity of every ministry, including the police, when it was pertinent” (Curtis 115). Curtis described the CGQI as a “fundamental governmental implementer and deviser of political anti-Semitism” (Curtis 129). The attitude of indifference and collaboration throughout the war allowed the Vichyite efforts to run successfully until the end of the war. The CGQJ had an abundance of anti-Semitic collaborators at their disposal to expand their power and ensure the Final Solution was implemented throughout France. The efforts of the Vichy Regime have been analyzed as a continuation of the Third Republic. This is because the policies under the Regime were already in law but were only being Fugate 2 enforced by the Vichyites. -
Racial Motivations for French Collaboration During The
Clemson University TigerPrints All Theses Theses 5-2008 Racial Motivations for French Collaboration during the Second World War: Uncovering the Memory through Film and Memoirs Daniela Greene Clemson University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses Part of the European History Commons Recommended Citation Greene, Daniela, "Racial Motivations for French Collaboration during the Second World War: Uncovering the Memory through Film and Memoirs" (2008). All Theses. 383. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/383 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses at TigerPrints. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Theses by an authorized administrator of TigerPrints. For more information, please contact [email protected]. RACIAL MOTIVATIONS FOR FRENCH COLLABORATION DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR: UNCOVERING THE MEMORY THROUGH FILM AND MEMOIRS _________________________________________ A Thesis Presented to the Graduate School of Clemson University _________________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts History _________________________________________ by Daniela Greene August 2008 _________________________________________ Accepted by: Dr. Alan Grubb, Committee Chair Dr. Roger Grant Dr. Donald McKale Abstract After France was defeated by the Germans in June 1940, several politicians of the Third Republic formed a new government under Marshal Philippe Pétain in Vichy. The men in the new regime immediately began to make social and political changes which, in their mind, were long overdue. They believed that they could negotiate with the occupation officials in the North and maintain France‟s sovereignty, at least in the “free” Southern zone. They also believed, as did a large part of the French people, that the inadequacies of the republican system had lost France the war. -
Le Serment De Fidélité À Hitler Selon Ernst Kaltenbrunner, Un Nazi Autrichien « Illégal » Devenu Chef Du Reichssicherheitshauptamt (1943-1945)
Le serment de fidélité à Hitler selon Ernst Kaltenbrunner, un nazi autrichien « illégal » devenu chef du Reichssicherheitshauptamt (1943-1945) Marie-Bénédicte Vincent L’auteur Marie-Bénédicte Vincent est maître de conférences en histoire contemporaine à l’École normale supérieure (Paris). Chercheuse à l’Institut d’histoire moderne et contemporaine (IHMC), ses travaux récents portent sur l’histoire de la dénazification en Allemagne après 1945. Elle a notamment co-dirigé en 2019 : Marc Bergère, Jonas Campion, Emmanuel Droit, Dominik Rigoll, Marie-Bénédicte Vincent (dir.), Pour une histoire connectée et transnationale des épurations en Europe après 1945 (Bruxelles, Peter Lang, 2019) ; Corine Defrance, Sébastien Chauffour, Stefan Martens, Marie- Bénédicte Vincent (dir.), La France et la dénazification de l’Allemagne après 1945 (Bruxelles, Peter Lang, 2019). Résumé L’article analyse la conception du serment de fidélité du nazi autrichien Ernst Kaltenbrunner (1903-1946), qui fut le successeur de Heydrich à la tête du Reichssicherheitshauptamt à partir du 30 janvier 1943. Ce haut dignitaire du régime, condamné à mort en 1946 lors du procès de Nuremberg, est moins étudié que d’autres criminels nazis. L’article examine dans un premier temps la manière dont Kaltenbrunner érige le serment de fidélité au Führer en valeur suprême du combattant nazi, dans ses rapports secrets consacrés à l’enquête de police diligentée après l’attentat manqué contre Hitler du 20 juillet 1944. Dans un second temps, l’article revient sur la trajectoire en amont de Kaltenbrunner au sein du parti nazi autrichien, notamment durant la période « illégale » où celui-ci fut interdit entre le 19 juin 1933 et l’Anschluss du 12 mars 1938. -
Darkness in the City of Light: the Great Roundup of 1942 & France's Role in the Shoah
Salve Regina University Digital Commons @ Salve Regina Pell Scholars and Senior Theses Salve's Dissertations and Theses Summer 8-2012 Darkness in the City of Light: The Great Roundup of 1942 & France’s Role in the Shoah. Benjamin T.C. Mead Salve Regina University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.salve.edu/pell_theses Part of the European History Commons, History of Religion Commons, Military History Commons, and the Other History Commons Mead, Benjamin T.C., "Darkness in the City of Light: The Great Roundup of 1942 & France’s Role in the Shoah." (2012). Pell Scholars and Senior Theses. 86. https://digitalcommons.salve.edu/pell_theses/86 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Salve's Dissertations and Theses at Digital Commons @ Salve Regina. It has been accepted for inclusion in Pell Scholars and Senior Theses by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Salve Regina. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Darkness in the City of Light: The Great Roundup of 1942 & France’s Role in the Shoah Benjamin T. C. Mead Salve Regina University Department of History Senior Thesis Dr. Neary December 2, 2011 1 Dedication Page This thesis is dedicated to the following: Katherine Lawber, Ph.D, Professor of Modern and Classical Languages at Salve Regina University, for her help in translating Lettres de Drancy, and for making me fall in love with the French language. To the people of Paris, who truly welcomed me to their city and were eager to share its history. To my wonderful French family, whose warmth, generosity, and hospitality will stay with me. -
The Shoah Memorial: a History Retraced from the Drancy Site
International Review of the Red Cross (2019), 101 (1), 295–315. Memory and war doi:10.1017/S1816383119000432 IN FOLIO The Shoah Memorial: A history retraced from the Drancy site Annaı¨g Lefeuvre* Annaı¨g Lefeuvre is an anthropologist and a member of LabEx Pasts in the Present and the project “Dark Tourism in Comparative Perspective: Sites of Suffering, Sites of Memory”. Abstract Between the inauguration of the Tomb of the Unknown Jewish Martyr in 1956 in Paris and the opening of the Shoah Memorial in Drancy in 2012, the narration of the Shoah in France has evolved through the use of archives, discussions, commemorations and exhibitions. In the immediate post-war period, a small group of people worked on the construction of a dedicated place to document the genocide of Jews in Europe in order to ensure that the memory of the Shoah would be impregnated into the collective consciousness. This project, which later evolved into the Paris and Drancy Shoah Memorials, could be seen as an expression of what remembrance is in France today. Keywords: Shoah Memorial, Holocaust Museum, Jews of France, Drancy camp, sites of memory, memorialization. Introduction The Paris Shoah Memorial and its extension in Drancy were born from the Contemporary Jewish Documentation Centre1 (Centre de Documentation Juive Contemporaine, CDJC) and were made possible by the Foundation for the * The author was an Education Coordinator at the Drancy Shoah Memorial at the time of writing this article. References to historical facts in this contribution come from materials available in the Memorial. © icrc 2019 295 A. Lefeuvre Memory of the Shoah (Fondation pour la Mémoire de la Shoah, FMS).2 The Paris Shoah Memorial opened its exhibition to the public in 2005,3 at the same time as the inauguration of the Wall of Names, where the names of the 76,000 Jews deported from France are engraved. -
Heinz Eberhard Maul Bonn 2000
JAPAN UND DIE JUDEN Studie über die Judenpolitik des Kaiserreiches Japan während der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus 1933 - 1945 Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Philosophischen Fakultät der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Bonn vorgelegt von Heinz Eberhard Maul aus Lütjenburg Bonn 2000 Gedruckt mit der Genehmigung der Philosophischen Fakultät der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn 1. Berichterstatter : Professor Dr. Peter P a n t z e r 2. Berichterstatter : Professor Dr. Michael Wo l f f s o h n Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 09. Februar 2000 D a n k Mit Vorlage der Studie zur Politik des Kaiserreiches Japan gegenüber den aus Europa geflohenen Juden kommen mehrjährige Forschungsarbeiten zu einem vorläufigen Ende. Hinter der Aufmerksamkeit, die dem Vorhaben zuteil wurde, verbargen sich neben dem allgemeinen Interesse für das ungewöhnliche Thema auch fundierte wissenschaftliche Beratung und engagierte Hilfestellung. Dafür ist zu danken. In erster Linie dankt der Autor seinem ‚Doktorvater‘, Professor Dr. Peter Pantzer, für das intensive wissenschaftliche Geleit. Sein umfangreiches Wissen über die historisch-psychologische Befindlichkeit Japans und seine vielseitige Erfahrung im Umgang mit der japanischen Materie machten den qualifizierten Zugang zum Thema möglich und halfen bei der wissenschaftlichen Bewäl- tigung. Professor Dr. Michael Wolffsohn wird für sein Interesse an der Arbeit und die spontane Bereitschaft, die Studie zu begleiten und das Zweitgutachten anzufertigen, hiermit besonders gedankt. Die Schwerpunkte der Recherchen lagen auf japanischer Seite. Zeitlich aufwendige Arbeiten in Archiven und Forschungsstellen in Japan und später in den USA wurden überall bereitwillig durch Rat und Hilfe erleichtert. Bei der Fülle des Materials gaben die zahlreichen Gespräche mit dem Abteilungsleiter im Diplomatischen Archiv des japanischen Außenministeriums (Gaimûshô Gaikôshiryôkan), Shiraishi Masaaki, Richtung und Auswahl vor. -
Historical Background: the Holocaust in Bulgaria Y Vital to Understanding the Story of Stars Is Its Historical Context
Stars_PDF_Novels_Layout 1 18.02.11 16:31 Seite 1 Historical Background: the Holocaust in Bulgaria y Vital to understanding the story of Stars is its historical context. On the eve of the Second World War, the r a r b i Bulgarian government included many with pro-German leanings. On March 1, 1941, Bulgaria signed the L m l Tripartite Pact, primarily for military and territorial reasons, and became an Axis Power allied with Nazi i F A Germany. F E D e h This alliance inevitably brought pressure to bear on the Jewish population. Later in 1941, the Law for the t y b Protection of the Nation was passed, which introduced numerous legal restrictions on Jews in Bulgaria. e s a A strong public outcry from different sectors of Bulgarian society, however, ultimately succeeded in e l e R cancelling the deportation of Jews living in Bulgaria proper, scheduled to take place in the spring of 1943. D V D It was a stunning achievement that saved nearly 50,000 people. A • s After signing the Tripartite Pact, Bulgaria had participated in German-led attacks on Yugoslavia and Greece r a t S and had been given administrative control over the territories of Thrace (Greece) and Macedonia • a i (Yugoslavia) by the Germans. The Jews from these territories were rounded up and deported in March 1943. r a g l In total, 11,343 people—all the Jews in Thrace and Macedonia—were brought to transit camps, u B n i then transferred to German control and deported to Auschwitz, Treblinka and other extermination camps.