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The Battle to Interpret Arlington House, 1921–1937,” by Michael B
Welcome to a free reading from Washington History: Magazine of the Historical Society of Washington, D.C. As we chose this week’s reading, news stories continued to swirl about commemorative statues, plaques, street names, and institutional names that amplify white supremacy in America and in DC. We note, as the Historical Society fulfills its mission of offering thoughtful, researched context for today’s issues, that a key influence on the history of commemoration has come to the surface: the quiet, ladylike (in the anachronistic sense) role of promoters of the southern “Lost Cause” school of Civil War interpretation. Historian Michael Chornesky details how federal officials fended off southern supremacists (posing as preservationists) on how to interpret Arlington House, home of George Washington’s adopted family and eventually of Confederate commander Robert E. Lee. “Confederate Island upon the Union’s ‘Most Hallowed Ground’: The Battle to Interpret Arlington House, 1921–1937,” by Michael B. Chornesky. “Confederate Island” first appeared in Washington History 27-1 (spring 2015), © Historical Society of Washington, D.C. Access via JSTOR* to the entire run of Washington History and its predecessor, Records of the Columbia Historical Society, is a benefit of membership in the Historical Society of Washington, D.C. at the Membership Plus level. Copies of this and many other back issues of Washington History magazine are available for browsing and purchase online through the DC History Center Store: https://dchistory.z2systems.com/np/clients/dchistory/giftstore.jsp ABOUT THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON, D.C. The Historical Society of Washington, D.C., is a non-profit, 501(c)(3), community-supported educational and research organization that collects, interprets, and shares the history of our nation's capital in order to promote a sense of identity, place and pride in our city and preserve its heritage for future generations. -
Symbolism of Commander Isaac Hull's
Presentation Pieces in the Collection of the USS Constitution Museum Silver Urn Presented to Captain Isaac Hull, 1813 Prepared by Caitlin Anderson, 2010 © USS Constitution Museum 2010 What is it? [Silver urn presented to Capt. Isaac Hull. Thomas Fletcher & Sidney Gardiner. Philadelphia, 1813. Private Collection.](1787–1827) Silver; h. 29 1/2 When is it from? © USS Constitution Museum 2010 1813 Physical Characteristics: The urn (known as a vase when it was made)1 is 29.5 inches high, 22 inches wide, and 12 inches deep. It is made entirely of sterling silver. The workmanship exhibits a variety of techniques, including cast, applied, incised, chased, repoussé (hammered from behind), embossed, and engraved decorations.2 Its overall form is that of a Greek ceremonial urn, and it is decorated with various classical motifs, an engraved scene of the battle between the USS Constitution and the HMS Guerriere, and an inscription reading: The Citizens of Philadelphia, at a meeting convened on the 5th of Septr. 1812, voted/ this Urn, to be presented in their name to CAPTAIN ISAAC HULL, Commander of the/ United States Frigate Constitution, as a testimonial of their sense of his distinguished/ gallantry and conduct, in bringing to action, and subduing the British Frigate Guerriere,/ on the 19th day of August 1812, and of the eminent service he has rendered to his/ Country, by achieving, in the first naval conflict of the war, a most signal and decisive/ victory, over a foe that had till then challenged an unrivalled superiority on the/ ocean, and thus establishing the claim of our Navy to the affection and confidence/ of the Nation/ Engraved by W. -
1 Overview of USS Constitution Re-Builds & Restorations USS
Overview of USS Constitution Re-builds & Restorations USS Constitution has undergone numerous “re-builds”, “re-fits”, “over hauls”, or “restorations” throughout her more than 218-year career. As early as 1801, she received repairs after her first sortie to the Caribbean during the Quasi-War with France. In 1803, six years after her launch, she was hove-down in Boston at May’s Wharf to have her underwater copper sheathing replaced prior to sailing to the Mediterranean as Commodore Edward Preble’s flagship in the Barbary War. In 1819, Isaac Hull, who had served aboard USS Constitution as a young lieutenant during the Quasi-War and then as her first War of 1812 captain, wrote to Stephen Decatur: “…[Constitution had received] a thorough repair…about eight years after she was built – every beam in her was new, and all the ceilings under the orlops were found rotten, and her plank outside from the water’s edge to the Gunwale were taken off and new put on.”1 Storms, battle, and accidents all contributed to the general deterioration of the ship, alongside the natural decay of her wooden structure, hemp rigging, and flax sails. The damage that she received after her War of 1812 battles with HMS Guerriere and HMS Java, to her masts and yards, rigging and sails, and her hull was repaired in the Charlestown Navy Yard. Details of the repair work can be found in RG 217, “4th Auditor’s Settled Accounts, National Archives”. Constitution’s overhaul of 1820-1821, just prior to her return to the Mediterranean, saw the Charlestown Navy Yard carpenters digging shot out of her hull, remnants left over from her dramatic 1815 battle against HMS Cyane and HMS Levant. -
Department of Official Newsletter
Department of New jersey Sons of Union Veterans of the civil war Official newsletter June 2021 From The desk of the Commander Commander Gary DeSiver [email protected] Dear Brothers, It has been my honor to have been your Department Commander during the past year. I would like to thank the following people who served as Department officers during this year. The Department would not have been as successful without your help. Senior Vice Commander - Jay Godin Junior Vice Commander - Francis A. Tomasello Jr Secretary-Treasurer - Dr. David Martin, PDC 1993-94 Council - C Jeffrey Heagy, PDC 2014-16 Council - Fred Mossbrucker, PDC 2016-18 Council - Robert Meyer, PDC 2018-20 Patriotic Instructor - John Farley Scott Chaplain - Ronald L Brower PDC 2012-14 Graves Registration Officer - Frederick W Otto Historian - Dr. David Martin, PDC 1993-94 GAR Records Officer - Joseph F. Seliga, PDC 2004-06 Eagle Scout Coordinator - Daniel Lynch, PDC 2008-2010 and Robert Meyer, PDC 2018-20 GAR Highway Officer - Bruce Sirak Civil War Memorials Officer - Clark D McCullough, PDC 2000-02 Camp Organizer - Robert C. Meyer, PDC 2018-20 Color Bearer - William J. Locke Assistant Secretary - Charles F. Morgan, Jr. Recruiting Officer - Francis A. Tomasello Jr Assistant Treasurer - C Jeffrey Heagy, PDC 2014-16 Assistant Eagle Scout Coordinator - Charles F. Morgan, Jr. Counselor - David Hann, PDC 1995-97 The 2021 encampment will be held virtually on Saturday June 12th at 10 am. Those planning to attend need to register by Tuesday, June 8 with PDC David Hann. I will send the Zoom meeting invitation to all that preregistered. -
The American Navy by Rear-Admiral French E
:*' 1 "J<v vT 3 'i o> -< •^^^ THE AMERICAN BOOKS A LIBRARY OF GOOD CITIZENSHIP " The American Books" are designed as a series of authoritative manuals, discussing problems of interest in America to-day. THE AMERICAN BOOKS THE AMERICAN COLLEGE BY ISAAC SHARPLESS THE INDIAN TO-DAY BY CHARLES A. EASTMAN COST OF LIVING BY FABIAN FRANKLIN THE AMERICAN NAVY BY REAR-ADMIRAL FRENCH E. CHADWICK, U. S. N. MUNICIPAL FREEDOM BY OSWALD RYAN AMERICAN LITERATURE BY LEON KELLNER (translated from THB GERMAN BY JULIA FRANKLIN) SOCIALISM IN AMERICA BY JOHN MACY AMERICAN IDEALS BY CLAYTON S. COOPER THE UNIVERSITY MOVEMENT BY IRA REMSEN THE AMERICAN SCHOOL BY WALTER S. HINCHMAN THE FEDERAL RESERVE BY H. PARKER WILLIS {For more extended notice of the series, see the last pages of this book.) The American Books The American Navy By Rear-Admiral French E. Chadwick (U. S. N., Retired) GARDEN CITY NEW YORK DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY 191S Copyright, 1915, by DOUBLEDAY, PaGE & CoMPANY All rights reserved, including that of translation into foreign languages, inxluding the Scandinavian m 21 1915 'CI, A 401 J 38 TO MY COMRADES OF THE NAVY PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE BIOGRAPHICAL NOTE Rear-Admiral French Ensor Chadwick was born at Morgantown, W. Va., February 29, 1844. He was appointed to the U. S. Naval Academy from West Virginia (then part of Virginia) in 1861, and graduated in November, 1864. In the summer of 1864 he was attached to the Marblehead in pursuit of the Confederate steamers Florida and Tallahassee. After the Civil War he served successively in a number of vessels, and was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-Commander in 1869; was instruc- tor at the Naval Academy; on sea-service, and on lighthouse duty (i 870-1 882); Naval Attache at the American Embassy in London (1882- 1889); commanded the Yorktown (1889-1891); was Chief Intelligence Officer (1892-1893); and Chief of the Bureau of Equipment (1893-1897). -
Tl. SOJ-IENOK
THE REV. WILLI7I]'tl. SOJ-IENOK, HIS ANCESTRY AXD !US DESCENDANTS. IIc th,1t L•11rNh not rrom wh,•n<•c he cnmc. Cnrcth little whither he s.:<>eth .. COMPILED BY A. D SCHENCK, u.·s. AR.\IY. W ASIIINGTOX : RUFUS H. DARBY. PUBLISHER. 1883. CONTENTS. l'incerna, Derivation and Definition. Schenck, Derivation and Definition. Schenck, Barons van Toutenburg. Schenck, van Nydeck. Roelof Martense Schenck. Gerret Roelfse Schenck. Koert Schenck. Rev. William Schenck. Descendants of the Rev. William Schenck. Appendix. Index, Genealogical. Index, General. ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS WORK. b. for horn. wid. for widow. m. mun·i<:-d. st. street. .," " d. died. ave. " avenue. hap." baptized. prob." probably. B. " son. sup. " suppose. dau." daughter. PREF1r1CE. No nation was ever more careful to frame and preserve its genealogical tables than Turael, and it seems strange that peoples, a11d especially families who have for generations re vered the Holy Scriptures ancl made them their guide through life, should almost entirely neglect their pluin teachings and example in this respect. However dispersed or depressed the nation was they never neglected to keep exact genealogical tables prepared from the authentic documents kept at J ernsalem, carefully preserved and renewed from time to time. But their " books of gen erations " were not peculiar alone to the Hebrews. The earliest Greek histories were also genealogies. )fan now scans with scrupulous care the chu.ractcr, and most especially the pedigree of his horses, cattle, and dogs; but when it comes to bis own, this care in almost all cases seems utterly superfluous and unworthy of any consideration whatever, yet at the same time, and under almost all other circumstances, he bas almost unlimited faith in the old rule "that blood will tell," and can cite incontestable proofs almost without limit that in general it dot's. -
Colonel John Paul, Hoosier Pioneer; First
Colonel John Paul, Hoosier Pioneer; First Proprietor and Founder of Xenia, Ohio and Madison Indiana By BLANCHEGOODE GARBER, Madison, Indiana Chronology 1758 Born near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 1766 Moved with parents to Red Stone Old Fort, Pennsylvania. 1778 Enlisted in command of George Rogers Clark. 1780 Re-enlisted in same. 1781 Emigrated to Kentucky. 1793 First clerk and coroner of Hardin county, Kentucky. Resigned 1800. 1800 Moved to Hamilton county, Ohio, and elected clerk and recorder of said county. 1802 Delegate from Hamilton county to First Constitutional Convention of Ohio. 1803 Member from First District of the first senate of Ohio. November, founded Xenia, county seat of the newly erected Greene county. First clerk, recorder and auditor. Resigned December, 1808. 1807 Bought site of New Albany, Indiana. 1808 Bought site of Madison, Indiana. 1810 Founded Madison. 1811 First clerk and recorder of Jefferson county. Resigned 1817. 1812 Volunteer colonel in war of 1812. 1814-1824 President of the Farmers’ and Mechanics’ Bank of Madison. 1816-1817-1818 Indiana State Senator from Jefferson and Switzerland counties. 1818 Donated site for Versailles, county-seat of Ripley county. 1830 Died in Madison. Pioneer is one of the comprehensive words of the language, it knows no limitations of age, sex, color or previous condi- tions, or of attainments, and in no combination does it carry greater intensity of meaning than in that of Hoosier Pioneer. 130 Indinnu Magazine of History Pilgrim and Puritan ventured into unknown perils, but perils known and unknown were heroically faced by the pioneer of the Northwest Territory. Of this section, on which more than once the fate of the nation hung, Indiana was the storm center of the contending nations of the old world, as it had for centuries been of the warring tribes of the new,-until after it became a State a land yet stained with cannibalism. -
The 1812 Streets of Cambridgeport
The 1812 Streets of Cambridgeport The Last Battle of the Revolution Less than a quarter of a century after the close of the American Revolution, Great Britain and the United States were again in conflict. Britain and her allies were engaged in a long war with Napoleonic France. The shipping-related industries of the neutral United States benefited hugely, conducting trade with both sides. Hundreds of ships, built in yards on America’s Atlantic coast and manned by American sailors, carried goods, including foodstuffs and raw materials, to Europe and the West Indies. Merchants and farmers alike reaped the profits. In Cambridge, men made plans to profit from this brisk trade. “[T]he soaring hopes of expansionist-minded promoters and speculators in Cambridge were based solidly on the assumption that the economic future of Cambridge rested on its potential as a shipping center.” The very name, Cambridgeport, reflected “the expectation that several miles of waterfront could be developed into a port with an intricate system of canals.” In January 1805, Congress designated Cambridge as a “port of delivery” and “canal dredging began [and] prices of dock lots soared." [1] Judge Francis Dana, a lawyer, diplomat, and Chief Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, was one of the primary investors in the development of Cambridgeport. He and his large family lived in a handsome mansion on what is now Dana Hill. Dana lost heavily when Jefferson declared an embargo in 1807. Britain and France objected to America’s commercial relationship with their respective enemies and took steps to curtail trade with the United States. -
Diana, Ohio, Illinois, and Texas Under the Command of General Winfield Scott
JOSEPH LANE diana, Ohio, Illinois, and Texas under the command of General Winfield Scott. In the major action of this second campaign, Lane again faced Santa Anna, this time at the battle of Huamantla in October 1847. Next his troops lifted the monthlong Mexican siege of Puebla. Following these actions, Lane received a brevet promotion to major general. His fame grew, too, as a result of this second campaign. Lane’s two military achievements gave rise to his nicknames “Old Rough and Ready No. 2” and “Marion of the Mexican War”—the first after Taylor in the Mexican War and the latter after Francis Marion, the Swamp Fox, of the Revolutionary War. Recent scholars have criticized Lane, however, for not controlling his troops when the men sacked Huamantla to avenge the death of a popular officer. By August 1848 Lane had returned to his Hoosier homestead, where the farm had suffered from his absence and floods. “I left my plow to take the sword, with a thrill of pleasure for my country called me. I now go home to resume the plow with as sincere joy,” Lane is supposed to have said. But soon he received an offer that changed his life. Since Polk wanted the newly cre ated Oregon Territory organized before he Above: A campaign banner touting the election o f Republican presidential candidate Lincoln and left office on March 4, 1849, the president his vice president, Hannibal Hamlin o f Maine. Opposite: Lane's service to the State o f Oregon signed a commission on August 17, 1848, has been honored with a middle school in Roseburg named after him, as well as a county. -
Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War Incorporated by Act of Congress
Grand Army of the Republic Posts - Historical Summary National GAR Records Program - Historical Summary of Grand Army of the Republic (GAR) Posts by State NEW JERSEY Prepared by the National Organization SONS OF UNION VETERANS OF THE CIVIL WAR INCORPORATED BY ACT OF CONGRESS No. Alt. Post Name Location County Dept. Post Namesake Meeting Place(s) Organized Last Mentioned Notes Source(s) No. PLEASE NOTE: The GAR Post History section is a work in progress (begun 2013). More data will be added at a future date. 000 (Department) N/A N/A NJ Org. 10 Ended 1945 Department of New Jersey organized 10 December 1867. The Beath, 1889; Carnahan, 1893; December 1867 Department came to an end with the passing of Department National Encampment Commander William H. Perrine. Proceedings, 1946 001 McPherson Boonton Morris NJ Masonic Hall (1870) Chart'd 26 Dec. Dis. 30 Jan. Dept. Roster, 1870; Lyon 1866 1878 Camp #10, SUVCW (NJ) 001 002 Phil Kearney / Kearney- Newark Essex NJ MG Philip Kearny, Jr. (1815- 750 Broad Street (1870); 100 Chart'd 6 Dec. Originally organized as Post No. 1, and chartered by the History of Essex and Hudson Sheridan (aft. 1916) 1862), KIA at Chantilly, VA, on 1 Market Street (1879); 194 Market 1866 Department of New York. Its seniority was contested with Post No. Counties, 1884; Beath, 1889; Sept. 1862. Famous Civil War Street (1884) 1, located in Boonton, whose charter had been issued by National Dept. Proceedings, 1916 leader. HQ. Kearney Post was assigned No. 2 until the Post at Boonton disbanded, and was then rechartered as Kearney Post, No. -
The United States Navy Looks at Its African American Crewmen, 1755-1955
“MANY OF THEM ARE AMONG MY BEST MEN”: THE UNITED STATES NAVY LOOKS AT ITS AFRICAN AMERICAN CREWMEN, 1755-1955 by MICHAEL SHAWN DAVIS B.A., Brooklyn College, City University of New York, 1991 M.A., Kansas State University, 1995 AN ABSTRACT OF A DISSERTATION submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of History College of Arts and Sciences KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY Manhattan, Kansas 2011 Abstract Historians of the integration of the American military and African American military participation have argued that the post-World War II period was the critical period for the integration of the U.S. Navy. This dissertation argues that World War II was “the” critical period for the integration of the Navy because, in addition to forcing the Navy to change its racial policy, the war altered the Navy’s attitudes towards its African American personnel. African Americans have a long history in the U.S. Navy. In the period between the French and Indian War and the Civil War, African Americans served in the Navy because whites would not. This is especially true of the peacetime service, where conditions, pay, and discipline dissuaded most whites from enlisting. During the Civil War, a substantial number of escaped slaves and other African Americans served. Reliance on racially integrated crews survived beyond the Civil War and the abolition of slavery, only to succumb to the principle of “separate but equal,” validated by the Supreme Court in the Plessy case (1896). As racial segregation took hold and the era of “Jim Crow” began, the Navy separated the races, a task completed by the time America entered World War I. -
The War Moves West and Se.Uth \Lmif1ml~
The War Moves West and Se.uth \lmif1Ml~ ..... ..: : How did fighting in the : West and South affect : the course of the American Diar!1 : Revolutionary War? . .. .. .. A brave Mohawk war chief Joseph Brant, Reading Guide blended Native American and British Content Vocabulary blockade (p. 170) ways. Brant however, spoke strongly on privateer (p. 170) behalf ofhis people. On a 1776 visit to guerrilla warfare (p. 172) London, he said the Mohawks have Academic Vocabulary impact (p. 171) sustain (p. 173) "[shown] their zeal and loyalty to the Key People and Events ... King; yet they have been very Joseph Brant (p. 169) badly treated by his people . ... George Rogers Clark (p. 169) John Paul Jones (p. 170) Indeed, it is very hard when we Battle of Moore's Creek (p. 171) have let the King's subjects have so General Charles Cornwallis (p. 171) Francis Marion (p. 172) much ofour lands ... [and] they Nathanael Greene (p. 173) should want to cheat us." Reading Strategy Taking Notes As you read, use a -joseph Brant, speech, March 14, 1776 diagram like the one below to analyze how the Americans responded to the British naval blockade. Response to British Naval Blockade War in the West Henry Hamilton, British commander at Detroit, was called the "hair buyer." He l ~ mtjlm¥1 The British, along with their Native earned this nickname because he paid Native American allies, led attacks against settlers in the Americans for settlers' scalps. West. Victory at Vincennes History and You Do you have a nickname? If so, how did you get it? Read to learn the nickname of George Rogers Clark, a lieutenant colo Henry Hamilton, the British commander at Detroit.