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I PERAN AMERIKA SERIKAT DALAM GERAKAN PRRI/PERMESTA PADA MASA DEMOKRASI LIBERAL SKRIPSI Diajukan Untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Syar

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I PERAN AMERIKA SERIKAT DALAM GERAKAN PRRI/PERMESTA PADA MASA DEMOKRASI LIBERAL SKRIPSI Diajukan Untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Syar PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PERAN AMERIKA SERIKAT DALAM GERAKAN PRRI/PERMESTA PADA MASA DEMOKRASI LIBERAL SKRIPSI Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Syarat Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Pendidikan Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah Oleh : Yohanes Guruh Utoro Aji NIM : 151314015 PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN SEJARAH JURUSAN PENDIDIKAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN SOSIAL FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN UNIVERSITAS SANATA DHARMA YOGYAKARTA 2020 i PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI iii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN Dengan penuh ucapan syukur kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, skripsi ini saya persembahkan kepada : 1. Kedua orang tua penulis, Bapak Yudi Hartaya dan Ibu Fransisca Rida Kristari yang tak henti memberi motivasi, teguran, dorongan spiritual melalui novena, serta dukungan material sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan studi di Universitas Sanata Dharma. 2. Kakek dan nenek penulis, Eyang Harto Suharjo dan Eyang Suparni yang telah memberikan dorongan dan semangat sehingga penulis menyelesaikan studi di Universitas Sanata Dharma. 3. Kakak penulis, Agustinus Guntur Seto Aji, Brigita Laurentia Karina Sukmaningtyas dan Lucia Erline yang selalu memberikan motivasi sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan tugas akhir ini. iv PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI Motto “Sebab Allah tidak menghendaki kekacauan, tetapi damai sejahtera” -1 Korintus 14:33- “Maafkanlah musuh-musuh anda akan tetapi jangan pernah anda melupakan nama mereka” -John F Kennedy- “Ilmu itu bukan yang dihafal tetapi yang memberi manfaat” -Imam Syafi’i- “Beribadah bukanlah karena takut akan dosa tetapi beribadah berdasar hati nurani yang tulus” -Syekh Siti Jenar- v PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI Pernyataan Keaslian Karya Saya menyatakan dengan sesungguhnya bahwa skripsi yang saya tulis ini tidak memuat karya atau bagian karya dari orang lain, kecuali yang telah disebutkan dalam kutipan dan daftar pustaka, sebagaimana layaknya karya ilmiah. Yogyakarta, 16 Maret 2020 Penulis Yohanes Guruh Utoro Aji vi PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini, saya mahasiswa Universitas Sanata Dharma Nama : Yohanes Guruh Utoro Aji Nomor Mahasiswa : 151314015 Demi pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, saya memberikan kepada perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma karya ilmiah saya yang berjudul : PERAN AMERIKA SERIKAT DALAM GERAKAN PRRI/PERMESTA PADA MASA DEMOKRASI LIBERAL Beserta perangkat yang diperlukan (bila ada), dengan demikian saya memberikan kepada perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma hak untuk menyimpannya, mengalihkannya dalam bentuk media lain, mengelolanya dalam bentuk pangkalan data, mendistribusikannya secara terbatas, dan mempublikasikannya di internet atau media lain untuk kepentingan akademis tanpa perlu meminta ijin dari saya ataupun memberikan royalti kepada saya selama tetap mencantumkan nama saya sebagai penulis. Demikian pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenarnya. Dibuat di Yogyakarta Pada tanggal, 16 Maret 2020 Yang menyatakan Yohanes Guruh Utoro Aji vii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRAK PERAN AMERIKA SERIKAT DALAM GERAKAN PRRI/PERMESTA PADA MASA DEMOKRASI LIBERAL Oleh : Yohanes Guruh Utoro Aji Universitas Sanata Dharma 2020 Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis tiga permasalahan pokok, yaitu: 1) Faktor penggerak peran Amerika Serikat dalam gerakan PRRI/Permesta, 2) Peran Amerika Serikat dalam gerakan PRRI/Permesta, dan 3) Dampak keterlibatan Amerika Serikat dalam gerakan PRRI/Permesta bagi situasi dalam negeri dan hubungan luar negeri Indonesia. Penelitian disusun menggunakan metode sejarah, dengan tahapan: 1) Pemilihan topik, 2) Heuristik (pengumpulan sumber sejarah), 3) Verifikasi (kritik sumber), 4) Interpretasi, dan 5) Penulisan sejarah. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan multidimensional yaitu historis, politik, ekonomi, dan budaya dengan model penulisan deskriptif analitis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan, 1) Faktor Penggerak peran Amerika Serikat dalam gerakan PRRI/Permesta adalah instabilitas politik Indonesia. Instabilitas politik dan keamanan pada masa demokrasi liberal menumbuhkan rasa ketidakpuasan para perwira di daerah Sumatera dan Sulawesi. Amerika Serikat melihat peluang dan hambatan yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk kepentingannya. 2) Amerika Serikat mengambil peran mendukung gerakan PRRI/Permesta. Tujuan utama dari dukungan tersebut adalah membendung pengaruh komunis di Indonesia. Amerika Serikat memberikan bantuan senjata dan pasukan militer untuk mendukung gerakan PRRI/Permesta. 3) Keterlibatan Amerika Serikat dalam gerakan PRRI/Permesta mempunyai dampak bagi situasi dalam negeri dan hubungan luar negeri Indonesia. Bagi situasi dalam negeri dampak yang terlihat adalah terbuktinya pemberian bantuan senjata. Persenjataan para pemberontak menjadi lebih kuat sehingga mendorong pemerintah Indonesia melakukan operasi militer. Bagi hubungan luar negeri, keterlibatan Amerika mendorong arah politik Indonesia semakin condong ke arah komunis. Kata Kunci : Amerika Serikat, PRRI/Permesta, Demokrasi Liberal viii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRACT THE ROLE OF UNITED STATES IN PRRI/PERMESTA MOVEMENT IN LIBERAL DEMOCRACY PERIOD By : Yohanes Guruh Utoro Aji Sanata Dharma University 2020 This study aims to describe and analyze three main issues, namely: 1) Factors of the role of United States in PRRI/Permesta movement, 2) The role of United States in PRRI/Permesta movement, dan 3) Impact of the role of United States in PRRI/Permesta for domestic situations and Indonesian foreign relations. This research is structured using historical method, which include: 1) Selections of topics, 2) Heuristic (collection of historical sources), 3) Verification (source criticism), 4) Interpretation, and 5) Historiography (historical writing). The approach usaed is a multidimensional approach that is historical, politic, economy, and culture with analytical descriptive writing model. The results of this study indicate, 1) Factors of the role of United States in PRRI/Permesta movement is a instability Indonesaian politic. Instability politic and security situations in liberal defmocracy period promote a sense of the officers in Sumatera and Sulawesi. United States see a opportunities and obstacles for can be used to their interests. 2) The United States take the role of PRRI/Permesta support the movement. The main purpose of this support is stem the influence of communist in Indonesian. United states providing assistance weapons and military forces to support the PRRI/Permesta movement. 3) The role of United States in PRRI/Permesta has for domestic situations and Indonesian foreign relations. The immediate situation in the country is seen assistance weapons. Weaponry insurgents have become stronger so as to encourage the government of indonesia conduct any military operations. For foreign relations, the role of United States push the direction of political indonesia has been increasingly incline towards the right communist. Keyword : United States, PRRI/Permesta, Liberal Democracy Period ix PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI KATA PENGANTAR Puji dan syukur kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas rahmat dan anugerahnya, sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi yang berjudul “Peran Amerika Serikat Dalam Gerakan PRRI/Permesta Pada Masa Demokrasi Liberal”. Skripsi ini disusun untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat meraih gelar sarjana pendidikan di JPIPS, Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah, Universitas Sanata Dharma. Penulis menyadari bahwa dalam penulisan skripsi ini tidak terlepas dari bimbingan, dukungan dan peran serta pihak-pihak yang telah memberi bantuan langsung maupun tidak langsung. Oleh karena itu, penulis mengucapkan terima kasih kepada: 1. Dr. Yohanes Harsoyo, S.Pd., M.Si., Selaku Dekan Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Sanata Dharma Yogyakarta 2. Iganatius Bondan Suratno, S.Pd., M.Si. selaku Ketua Jurusan Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Sanata Dharma Yogyakarta. 3. Drs. Yohanes Rasul Subakti, M.Pd. selaku Ketua Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah Universitas Sanata Dharma Yogyakarta yang memberikan kesempatan dan terus mengingatkan penulis untuk menyelesaikan skripsi ini. 4. Dr. Anton Haryono, M.Hum. selaku Dosen Pembimbing I yang telah sabar membimbing, membantu, memberikan banyak arahan, saran, masukan, motivasi, hingga teguran selama penyusunan dan penyelesaian skripsi. 5. Drs. A. Kardiyat Wiharyanto, M.M. selaku Dosen Pembimbing II yang telah x PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI sabar membimbing, membantu, memberikan banyak arahan, saran, masukan, motivasi, selama penyusunan dan penyelesaian skripsi. 6. Hendra Kurniawan, M.Pd. selaku Dosen Pembimbing Akademik yang telah membimbing dan memberikan arahan selama proses studi. 7. Seluruh dosen dan sekretariat Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah yang telah memberi dukungan dan bantuan selama penulis menyelesaikan studi di Universitas Sanata Dharma. 8. Seluruh pihak yang tidak bisa disebutkan satu persatu yang turut membantu dalam penyelesaiaan skripsi ini. Terima kasih. Penulis menyadari bahwa dalam hasil penelitian ini masih jauh dari sempurna. Penulis mengharapkan masukan berupa kritik dan saran yang membangun untuk mencapai hasil yang lebih baik. Yogyakarta, 16 Maret 2020 Penulis Yohanes Guruh Utoro Aji xi PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI DAFTAR ISI Halaman Judul .................................................................................................
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