DOCSLIB.ORG

The Electric Vehicle: Raising the Standards

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Electric Vehicle: Raising the Standards VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT BRUSSEL Faculteit Toegepaste Wetenschappen Vakgroep Elektrotechniek en Energietechniek The electric vehicle: raising the standards Ir. Peter VAN DEN BOSSCHE Proefschrift ingediend tot het behalen van de academische graad van Doctor in de Toegepaste Wetenschappen Promotor: Prof. Dr. Ir. G. Maggetto April Colophon © by Peter Van den Bossche, - All rights reserved. No parts of this publication may be reproduced, stored, or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher. All photographs and images where the source is not specified are by the author. Set in Poliphilus and Blado Italic. Acknowledgments This work is the result of research performed, and experience built up during the past decennium during which I have been involved with electric vehicle standardization. The finalization of this thesis would not have been possible however without the support of many who have directly and indirectly contributed to this project. First and foremost I have to express my gratitude to Professor Gaston Maggetto and his whole team at the ETEC department of the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, where, through continuous support for the cause of the electric vehicle, an exceptional working environment has been created, offering unique opportunities for personal development on academic level as well as a stimulating social atmosphere. A special mention is due to my colleague Joeri Van Mierlo who was always available for intense discussions within a hearty friendship. The participation in standardization work allowed me to perform forward-based work on the subject, as well as to get acquainted with the dedicated experts on the committees, whose opinions were invaluable as to shape a proper view on the issue. Furthermore, I have to thank in particular the people in the standardization bodies who have helped me gaining access to archived information on standardization work: the personnel at BEC and BIN, Wolfram Galle at FAKRA, Dr. Giampiero Brusaglino. For his indirect role in making the realization of this work possible, I want to make a special mention of Francis Fabre, formerly of CEC DGVII, who, though the commissioning of CITELEC with a study about electric vehicle safety, has initiated my involvement in the electrifying world of international standardization. Among the references that were used, two merit a particular note: the work by Gijs Mom, who highlighted the relevance of the historical research and showed me the way to the historical sources, and the work by Stanley Hills, which I discovered in my early days as a student and which contributed to arouse my interest in electric vehicles. Finally I want to express my thanks to my parents who have always supported my endeavours. P. Van den Bossche April Jury ☞ Prof. Alain Barel, Chairman, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium ☞ Prof. Jean Vereecken, Vice-Chairman, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium ☞ Prof. Gaston Maggetto, Promotor, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium ☞ Prof. Philippe Lataire, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium ☞ Dr. Joeri Van Mierlo, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium ☞ Dr. Giampiero Brusaglino, Centro Ricerche Fiat, Orbassano, Italy ☞ Dr. Michael F. Mangan, Standardization Expert, Edgworth, England Summary This thesis presents the evolution of standardization in relation to electrically driven vehicles in the past, present and future. It is the result of historical and bibliographical research on one hand and of the author’s personal experience in several standardization committees on the other hand. Starting with the genesis of the first specific electric vehicle standards in the early th century, the evolutions of this subject are followed up throughout the years, passing through the renewed interest in electric vehicles the last quarter of the century, up to the new developments like hybrids and fuel cells which are bringing the electric road vehicle into the st century. Special attention has been devoted to the drafting process of the standards and the roles played by the various standardization bodies and their mutual interaction. The work is concluded with the formulation of a number of statements and recommendations concerning the future of the standardization of electrically driven vehicles. Samenvatting Dit proefschrift behandelt de evolutie van de normalisatie in verband met elektrisch aangedreven voertuigen in verleden, heden en toekomst. Het is enerzijds voortgekomen uit geschiedkundig en bibliografisch onderzoek, en anderzijds uit de persoonlijke ervaring van de auteur in verscheidene normalisatiecomités. Beginnend met het ontstaan van de eerste normen specifiek voor elektrische voertuigen aan het begin van de ste eeuw, werd de evolutie terzake opgevolgd door de jaren heen, via de hernieuwde belangstelling voor elektrische voertuigen gedurende het laastste kwart van de eeuw, tot en met de nieuwe ontwikkelingen zoals hybride voertuigen en brandstofcellen die het elektrisch voertuig in de ste eeuw begeleiden. Bijzondere aandacht werd besteed aan het wordingsproces van de normen en aan de rol van de verscheidene normalisatie-organismen en hun onderlinge wisselwerking. Het werk wordt besloten met het formuleren van een aantal stellingen en aanbevelingen aangaande de toekomstige normalisatie van elektrisch aangedreven voertuigen. Résumé Cette thèse traite de l’évolution de la normalisation relative au véhicule à propulsion électrique : au passé, au présent et au futur. Elle est basée d’une part sur des recherches historiques et bibliographiques et d’autre part sur l’expérience personnelle de l’auteur au sein de différents comités de normalisation. Les évolutions dans le domaine ont été suivies, partant de la genèse des premières normes spécifiques pour le véhicule électrique au début du ième siècle, en passant par le renouveau d’intérêt pour le véhicule électrique au cours du dernier quart de siècle, jusqu’aux développements nouveaux tels les véhicules hybrides et les piles à combustible, qui accompagnent le véhicule électrique vers le ième siècle. Une attention particulière fut attribuée aux processus d’élaboration des normes et au rôle des différents organismes de normalisation ainsi que de leur interaction mutuelle. L’ouvrage est conclu par l’énoncé d’un nombre de propos et de recommandations concernant la future normalisation des véhicules à propulsion électrique. Table of Contents Purpose, Scope and justification ............................................................. Introduction ............................................................................................... Scope......................................................................................................... Approach .................................................................................................. Standardization ..................................................................................... The golden age (-)................................................................... Introduction: The electric vehicle in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century.................................................................................................... .. Early history..................................................................................... .. Electric utility vehicles..................................................................... .. Electric passenger cars ..................................................................... .. Electric taxis................................................................................... .. Battery-electric vehicles in public transport ........................................ .. Hybrid vehicles .............................................................................. The genesis of electric vehicle standardization .............................................. .. The Electric Vehicle Association of America ................................... .. The call for the need of standardization............................................. .. Standardization of charging plugs.................................................... .. Standardization of voltage ............................................................... .. Standardization of speed.................................................................. .. Tires and tire efficiency.................................................................... .. Standardization of battery jars and trays ............................................ Automotive standardization development.................................................... .. The creation of the ................................................................... .. Collaboration - ................................................................ .. Activities of the Electric Vehicle Division in the Standards Committee..................................................................................................... Electrotechnical standardization development .............................................. .. The history of international electrotechnical standardization................ .. The standardization of electrical machines......................................... .. rating of electrical machines....................................................... .. Standardization of machines - the standardization rules.............. .. Standardization relating to electric vehicles................................ Overview of early standardization..............................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Chrysler 300C Krystal-Coach
    CHRYSLER 300C KRYSTAL-COACH Style & allure A hearse can be so nice and stylish... the Chrysler 300C Krystal-Coach. CHRYSLER 300C KRYSTAL-COACH Better off with Marc van Ravensteijn Hearse and Limo Company Funeral mobility is a distinct pro- fession. The funeral sector has completely different require- ments than any other business and personal transport. At Marc van Ravensteijn The Hearse and Limo Company we have gone Exceptional... into the requirements and wishes of funeral organisation in depth, The Chrysler 300C like no other. The result of this is This new hearse version of the Hearse and Limo Company are great attention to design, details Chrysler 300C has a striking their importer for Europe. The and durability. And that translates and stylish profile, which gives hearse based on the Chrysler itself into a carefully put together the vehicle a very fresh and spe- 300C is available with a 3.5 offer of new and used American cial appearance. Krystal-Coach litre V6 petrol engine. But it can hearses, including those made by takes care of the design and also be supplied with perma- Chrysler. American funeral cars building. And that means added nent all-wheel drive (AWD), as are known to be robust, extremely value, as Krystal-Coach builds an option supplied with the 3.5. stylish and timeless. And all of more than 1,500 (!) limousines An exceptional hearse in the this is true for the Chrysler 300C a year in America. This makes funeral sector, meant for fune- Krystal-Coach. You can read all them the most successful buil- ral directors who really want to about it in this flyer.
    [Show full text]
  • Hybrid & Electric Vehicles
    A CRC Press FREEBOOK Hybrid & Electric Vehicles TABLE OF CONTENTS 0 Introduction 1 • Introduction to Electric Vehicles from 0 Electric and Plug-in Hybrid Vehicle Networks: Optimization and Control 2 • Electric Machines from Electric and 0 Hybrid Vehicles: Design Fundamentals, Second Edition 3 • Fundamentals of Conventional 0 Vehicles and Powertrains from Advanced Electric Drive Vehicles 0 4 • Hybrid Energy Storage Systems from Advanced Electric Drive Vehicles 5 • Solar Powered Charging Stations from 0 Solar Powered Charging Infrastructure for Electric Vehicles: A Sustainable Development 6. Internal Combustion Engines from 0 Modern Electric, Hybrid Electric, and Fuel Cell Vehicles, Third Edition Solar Powered Charging Infrastructure for Electric Vehicles VISIT WWW.CRCPRESS.COM TO BROWSE FULL RANGE OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING TITLES Introduction In response to increasing demand for low-carbon technologies, we educate in hybrid and fully electric vehicle development from CRC Press. These books show students and professionals alike how electrical and mechanical engineers must work together to complete an alternative vehicle system. It empowers them to carry on state-of-the-art research and development in automotive engineering in order to meet today?s needs of clean, efficient, and sustainable vehicles! 4 Q INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRIC VEHICLES This chapter is excerpted from Electrical and Plug-in Hybrid Vehicle Networl<s: Optimization and Control by Emanuele Crisostomi, Robert Shorten, Sonja StGdli & Fabian Wirth © 2018 Taylor & Francis Group. All rights reserved. 0 Learn more 1 Introduction to Electric Vehicles 1.1 Introduction Growing concerns over the limited supply of fossil-based fuels are motivating intense activity in the search for alternative road transportation propulsion systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Funeral Transport Collection Funeral Transport Collection
    Funeral Transport Collection Funeral Transport Collection The final journey can be an emotional and poignant part of the service and often families look to personalise this by selecting a vehicle to reflect the life and passions of their loved one. From a traditional hearse, a majestic horse drawn carriage through to a motorcycle, we have a wide range of transport options available to help you create a unique and fitting tribute. OrderHorse ofDrawn service Hearse A cortège led by a horse drawn hearse creates an air of opulence, along with traditional style and elegance. We can provide a selection of black or white horses with a beautiful glass-sided hearse. Mourning coaches are also available and come in a choice of black or white. Price includes all necessary personnel to conduct the Funeral. Black Glass-Sided Hearse Pair of horses £1285 Pair of horses with an outrider £1595 Team of horses (4) £1860 Pick-axe of horses (5) £2280 OrderHorse ofDrawn service Hearse White Glass-Sided Hearse Pair of horses £1285 Pair of horses with an outrider £1695 Team of horses (4) £1965 Black Mourning Coach White Mourning Coach £930 £985 OrderVintage of Lorry service Hearse 1929 Guy Lorry £1,545 The classic 1929 Guy Lorry provides a unique and dignified means of transportation for your loved one on their special journey. A great choice for those who worked in the transport or trade industry or for someone who simply enjoyed vintage transport. Price includes all necessary personnel to conduct the Funeral. OrderMotorcycle of service Hearse A distinctive means of transport, popular with motorcycle enthusiasts as well as those who wish to have a different type of funeral.
    [Show full text]
  • Funeral Transport Collection Funeral Transport Collection
    Funeral Transport Collection Funeral Transport Collection The final journey can be an emotional and poignant part of the service and often families look to personalise this by selecting a vehicle to reflect the life and passions of their loved one. From a traditional hearse, a majestic horse drawn carriage through to a motorcycle, we have a wide range of transport options available to help you create a unique and fitting tribute. OrderHorse ofDrawn service Hearse A cortège led by a horse drawn hearse creates an air of opulence, along with traditional style and elegance. We can provide a selection of black or white horses with a beautiful glass-sided hearse. Mourning coaches are also available and come in a choice of black or white. Black Glass-Sided Hearse Pair of horses £1120 Pair of horses with an outrider £1435 Team of horses (4) £1695 Pick-axe of horses (5) £2115 OrderHorse ofDrawn service Hearse White Glass-Sided Hearse Pair of horses £1120 Pair of horses with an outrider £1540 Team of horses (4) £1800 Black Mourning Coach White Mourning Coach £945 £995 OrderVintage of Lorry service Hearse 1950 Leyland Beaver £1,590 The vintage lorry hearse is a distinctive and fitting tribute if you are looking to add an individual touch to your loved one’s final journey. This beautiful red and blue 1950 Leyland Beaver is a colourful option with a special plinth on the back for the coffin and flower tributes. OrderVintage of Lorry service Hearse 1929 Guy Lorry £1,530 The classic 1929 Guy Lorry provides a unique and dignified means of transportation for your loved one on their special journey.
    [Show full text]
  • 540 Cmr: Registry of Motor Vehicles
    540 CMR: REGISTRY OF MOTOR VEHICLES 540 CMR 2.00: MOTOR VEHICLE REGULATIONS Section 2.05: Vehicle Registrations Requirements 2.06: Operator Licensing Requirements for Driver’s (Operator) Licenses, Learner’s Permits and Identification Cards 2.07: Year of Manufacture Registration Plates 2.15: Licensing of Operators of School Buses and Operators of School Pupil Transport Vehicles 2.22: Markings on Commercial Vehicles 2.23: Display of Reflectorized License Plates 2.24: Adoption of Applicable Federal Regulations 2.05: Vehicle Registrations Requirements (1) Authority, Purpose and Scope. 540 CMR 2.05 is issued by the Registrar of Motor Vehicles under the authority of M.G.L. c. 16, § 9 6C, §56 and c. 90, §§ 2 and 31. In order to promote and protect the public safety, every motor vehicle and trailer operated, pushed, drawn, towed, or remaining in any way shall be in compliance with the registration requirements of M.G.L. c. 90, and 540 CMR 2.05 or 540 CMR 18.00. (2) Applications for Registration and Powers of Attorney. Any person who desires to register a motor vehicle or trailer in the Commonwealth shall complete such application, and provide such information, as required by the Registrar. The application for registration may be signed on behalf of the applicant by a duly authorized attorney in fact acting under a valid power of attorney, provided the power of attorney or a copy thereof, duly authenticated, is filed with the application for registration (3) Definitions. As used in 540 CMR 2.05, the following terms are defined as follows: Ambulance, Antique motor car, Auto home, House trailer, Motorcycle, School bus, Semi-trailer, and Trailer, shall have the meaning assigned to those terms in M.G.L.
    [Show full text]
  • The Criterion NEWSLETTER of the NORTHEAST CHAPTER of the PROFESSIONAL CAR SOCIETY
    The Criterion NEWSLETTER of the NORTHEAST CHAPTER of the PROFESSIONAL CAR SOCIETY www.PCSNortheast.com CHAPTER PRESIDENT: CHAPTER MEETING Daniel P. McCann III 197 Parker Avenue Sunday, November 3, 2013 Apartment 14-B America on Wheels Museum Manasquan, NJ 08736 (732) 292-2770 [email protected] On Sunday November 3, 2013, the Northeast Chapter will have a tour of the America On Wheels Museum located at 5 North Front Street in Allentown, Pa VICE-PRESIDENT & This museum has an interesting array of automotive related displays, antique Fred Goerlitz, cars and trucks and a special display that changes on a regular basis, so there 3 Ridge Street Hackettstown, NJ 07840. is always something new to see, even if you have been there before. And it is (908) 850-4473 [email protected] designed with the entire family in mind. There is even a café, just in case you SECRETARY: get hungry. Mary M. Hookway We will meet in front of the museum at 11:45 AM, it opens at noon. If we 64 Mudcut Road have at least ten people, it will cost us $7 each. The tour takes about one Lafayette, NJ 07848 leisurely hour. We will leave the museum about 1:15 PM. (973) 864-6047 [email protected] We will then proceed to Northeast Chapter member Nicos Elias’ funeral home, where we will begin our business meeting at about 1:30 PM, or so. CHAPTER TREASURER & After the meeting, Nicos will give us a tour of his lovely funeral home. We NATIONAL MEMBERSHIP DIRECTOR: will also see the cars Nicos owns, including a gorgeous 1963 Eureka Cadillac landau hearse and his recently acquired 1973 Superior Cadillac HighTop Jeff Hookway 64 Mudcut Road Ambulance.
    [Show full text]
  • E-Class Hearse & Limousine
    E-Class Hearse & Limousine Based on the Mercedes-Benz E-Class Introducing a Design Process Without Compromise The latest 213 Series Mercedes E-Class is an evolution from the previous generation. With a consciously refined exterior design and complete overhaul of the interior, Mercedes have pushed the industry forward once again. In setting out to design the Duffy E-Class Limousine & Hearse we took a “no compromise” approach. Our aim was to push the boundaries of the funeral vehicles and exceed our customers’ expectations, all while maintaining traditional design aesthetics in keeping with a timeless and classic style. Introducing a Class Leading Engineering Process The development of the 213 Series Limousine & Hearse was the most advanced development process ever undertaken by Duffy Coachbodies. Utilising state of the art CAD & CAM systems every aspect of the manufacture process was examined from first principles. This aided the design & engineering process and yielded significant improvements both in terms of manufacturing and quality. Introducing Unrivalled Attention to Detail From the first sketch we started to imagine what the new E-Class hearse could be. We choose only the highest quality authentic materials and go to great lengths to ensure our design vision is realised in manufacture. With Finnish glass selected for its optical quality, German aluminium extrusions for their purity and Canadian deck fittings for their ornate aesthetic, these are just a few of the details which go into building a Duffy Hearse. Progressive Luxury Prepare for a Leap Forward in Design Duffy Limousines are manufactured with an undisputed “factory finish”. Our latest safety laminated glass roof stretches over the entire passenger compartment, creating an impressively spacious limousine.
    [Show full text]
  • Da Ferraris a Giorgi: La Scuola Italiana Di Elettrotecnica
    Da Ferraris a Giorgi: la scuola italiana di Elettrotecnica ADRIANO PAOLO MORANDO Da Ferraris a Giorgi: la scuola italiana di Elettrotecnica Implicita nella Dynamical collocano in modo preciso, facendone Philosophy e nella espansione di una il continuatore, nel solco dell’opera rivoluzione industriale in atto, la nasci- ferrarisiana. Il primo, The foundations ta dell’ingegneria elettrica scientifica si of Electrical Science, del 1894, riporta articolò, postmaxwellianamente, nella a quell’approccio operativo di progressiva transizione dalla figura del- Bridgman che avrebbe in seguito in- lo scienziato (Maxwell), a quella dello fluenzato la lettura di Ercole Bottani. Il scienziato-inventore (Ferraris), a quel- secondo, del 1905, è legato alla Teoria la, infine, del fisico matematico che di- della dinamo ricorsiva, con la quale venta ingegnere (Steinmetz). egli, sulla scia di alcuni contributi Sottolineato lo stretto legame che, ferrarisiani ed anticipando la trasformata sul piano metodologico e fondazionale, di Park, propose un primo approccio correlò la Dynamical Theory maxwel- elettrodinamico alla teoria unificata del- liana ai contributi recati da Galileo le macchine elettriche. Ferraris alla teoria scientifica del trasfor- Prendendo le mosse da questi ele- matore e all’invenzione del campo ro- menti, verranno ravvisati, lungo il per- tante, si colloca, nel quadro della cultu- corso Mossotti, Codazza, Ferraris, ra e della società del tempo, la figura Ascoli-Arnò e Giorgi-Lori, gli elemen- dello scienziato italiano. Ne emerge, tra- ti portanti della scuola italiana di mite il suo maestro Giovanni Codazza, elettrotecnica. il ruolo decisivo che sulla sua forma- zione ebbero - oltre a Maxwell, Tait, von L’astuzia scozzese: la dynamical Helmholtz ed Heaviside - il maestro di philosophy questi: Fabrizio Ottaviano Mossotti.
    [Show full text]
  • Fuel Economy of Light Duty Vehicles in Sri Lanka the Baseline
    FUEL ECONOMY OF LIGHT DUTY VEHICLES IN SRI LANKA THE BASELINE Prepared by Thusitha Sugathapala Clean Air Sri Lanka August 2015 Fuel Economy of Light Duty Vehicles in Sri Lanka –The Baseline ACRONYMS ACEA European Automobile Manufacturers Association AirMAC Air Resource Management Centre CA2AP Clean Air 2000 - An Action Plan CAA Clean Air Asia CAASL Civil Aviation Authority of Sri Lanka CAI-Asia Clean Air Initiative for Asian Cities CBSL Central Bank of Sri Lanka CEA Central Environmental Authority CEB Ceylon Electricity Board CEYPETCO Ceylon Petroleum Corporation CI Compression ignition CISIR Ceylon Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research Clean Air SL Clean Air Sri Lanka CPSTL Ceylon Petroleum Terminals Ltd CSE Centre for Science and Environment CUTP Colombo Urban Transport Project DMT Department of Motor Traffic E3ST Energy Efficient and Environmentally Sustainable Transport EECA Energy Efficiency and Conservation Authority, New Zealand EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EPL Environmental Protection Licence EU European Union EV Electric vehicles FCV Fuel cell vehicle GHG Greenhouse gas GTZ German Development Cooperation HEV Hybrid-electric vehicle HOV High occupancy vehicle IC Internal combustion ICCT International Council on Clean Transportation IEA International Energy Agency IIASA International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Clean Air Sri Lanka i Fuel Economy of Light Duty Vehicles in Sri Lanka –The Baseline IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change kgOE kg of Oil Equivalent LCA Life cycle analyse LDV Light-duty
    [Show full text]
  • The Electrical Connection François Piquemal Tells the Story of the Ampere, Which Bridges Mechanical and Electromagnetic Units
    measure for measure The electrical connection François Piquemal tells the story of the ampere, which bridges mechanical and electromagnetic units. n everyday electrical life, watt and volt In reality, international standards remained crucial role in the planned redefinition of the probably mean more than ampere: when at home and metrological institutes used ampere (and the kilogram)5,6. Ireplacing a lamp, you need the right secondary, transportable standards. History seems to repeat itself. Like wattage, when changing a battery, voltage Dissatisfaction about expressing the past schism between the practical is what you check. A quick explanation of electrical quantities in a limited 3D system international electrical units and the the ‘amp’ is that a current of 1 A generates of (mechanical) units soon became a CGS system, the conventional (quantum- a power of 1 W in a conducting element to critical issue. In 1901, Giovanni Giorgi had standard) ohm and volt — in use since which a voltage of 1 V is applied. demonstrated the possibility of designing one 1990 and based on defined values of KJ and This definition is equivalent to the one coherent 4D system by linking the MKS units RK (ref. 5) — are not embedded in the SI. approved during the first International with the practical electrical system via a Fortunately, progress in metrology is being Exposition of Electricity held in Paris in single base electrical unit from which all made, and a revision of the SI, solving this 1881: the ampere is the current produced by others could be derived. After some debates, and other issues, is planned for 2018 (ref.
    [Show full text]
  • Victor Wouk Papers, Date (Inclusive): 1934-2004 Collection Number: 10208-MS Creator: Wouk, Victor 1919-2005 Extent: 35 Linear Ft
    http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt2489n654 No online items Finding Aid for the Victor Wouk Papers 1934-2004 Processed by Kevin C. Knox. Caltech Archives Archives California Institute of Technology 1200 East California Blvd. Mail Code 015A-74 Pasadena, CA 91125 Phone: (626) 395-2704 Fax: (626) 793-8756 Email: [email protected] URL: http://archives.caltech.edu/ ©2007 California Institute of Technology. All rights reserved. Finding Aid for the Victor Wouk 10208-MS 1 Papers 1934-2004 Descriptive Summary Title: Victor Wouk Papers, Date (inclusive): 1934-2004 Collection number: 10208-MS Creator: Wouk, Victor 1919-2005 Extent: 35 linear ft. Repository: California Institute of Technology. Caltech Archives Pasadena, California 91125 Abstract: Papers of Victor Wouk (1919-2005). Electrical engineer. After graduating from Caltech (PhD 1942), Wouk devoted himself largely to the development of hybrid and electric motor vehicles. The range of his activities is wide, and he has consulted for several institutions and the government on a variety of issues. His papers consist of 70 boxes and include correspondence, publications (print and manuscript versions), lectures and seminars, and expert witness testimonies. Physical location: Archives, California Institute of Technology. Languages represented in the collection: English FrenchHebrew Access The collection is open for research. Researchers must apply in writing for access. Publication Rights Copyright may not have been assigned to the California Institute of Technology Archives. All requests for permission to publish or quote from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Caltech Archivist. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the California Institute of Technology Archives as the owner of the physical items and, unless explicitly stated otherwise, is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the reader.
    [Show full text]
  • Power Sources for Hybrid Electric Vehicles
    CODEN:LUTEDX/(TEIE-5268)/1-98/(2009) Power Sources for Hybrid Electric Vehicles Stefan Skoog Industrial Electrical Engineering and Automation Division of Industrial Electrical Engineering and Automation Faculty of Engineering, Lund University Power Sources for Hybrid Electric Vehicles Stefan Skoog Department of Industrial Electrical Engineering Lund University, Faculty of Engineering A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Science, Electrical Engineering Presented 2009-09-02 2 Abstract This thesis has been carried out to investigate a few areas concerning elec- tric and hybrid electric powered land vehicles. The main objective has been to analyze the efficiency of such power trains to compare them with canoni- cal combustion engines, both in a tank-to-wheels basis and a well-to-wheels basis. One of the question formulations is if an electric or plug-in hybrid electric vehicle charged by public electricity generated by a fossil plant will result in any environmental alleviation at all, in excess of reducing the lo- cal tailpipe pollution. To establish reasonable figures about a car's energy consumption in dynamic drive cycles such as the NEDC and the US06, a comprehensive simulation model has been used. The simulation results are presented as an analysis of waste energy, directly leading to an estimation of the potential of hybrid electric locomotion as a method to save energy and thus fuel. To form an overview about the new emerging market of hybrid electric vehicles, some of the topical key power train components are briefly discussed; combustion engines, electric machines, supercapacitors and bat- teries. The overview is rounded off with a brief discussion about motives behind the popularity of hybrid propulsion as well as some economical as- pects from an end user point of view.
    [Show full text]