Dynamic Skin Patterns in Cephalopods
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Life in the Fast Lane – from Hunted to Hunter Middle School Version
Life in the Fast Lane: From Hunted to Hunter Lab Activity: Dissection of a Squid-A Cephalopod Middle School Version Lesson by Kevin Goff Squid and octopi are cephalopods [say “SEFF-uh-luh-pods”]. The name means “head-foot,” because these animals have VIDEOS TO WATCH gripping, grasping arms that emerge straight from their heads. Watch this short clip on the Shape of Life At first glance, they seem totally different from every other website to become familiar with basic mollusc anatomy: creature on Earth. But in fact, they are molluscs, closely related • “Mollusc Animation: Abalone Body to snails, slugs, clams, oysters, mussels, and scallops. Like all Plan” (under Animation; 1.5 min) modern day molluscs, cephalopods descended from simple, Note the abalone’s foot, radula, and shell- snail-like ancestors. These ancient snails crept sluggishly on making mantle. These were present in the seafloor over 500 million years ago. Their shells resembled the snail-like ancestor of all molluscs an umbrella, probably to shield them from the sun’s intense ultraviolet radiation. When all sorts of new predators appeared on the scene, with powerful jaws or crushing claws, a thin shell was no match for such weapons. Over time, some snails evolved thicker shells, often coiled and spiky. These heavy shells did a better job of fending off predators, but they came with a price: They were costly to build and a burden to lug around. These snails sacrificed speed for safety. This lifestyle worked fine for many molluscs. And, still today, nearly 90% of all molluscs are heavily armored gastropods that crawl around at a snail’s pace. -
7. Index of Scientific and Vernacular Names
Cephalopods of the World 249 7. INDEX OF SCIENTIFIC AND VERNACULAR NAMES Explanation of the System Italics : Valid scientific names (double entry by genera and species) Italics : Synonyms, misidentifications and subspecies (double entry by genera and species) ROMAN : Family names ROMAN : Scientific names of divisions, classes, subclasses, orders, suborders and subfamilies Roman : FAO names Roman : Local names 250 FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes No. 4, Vol. 1 A B Acanthosepion pageorum .....................118 Babbunedda ................................184 Acanthosepion whitleyana ....................128 bandensis, Sepia ..........................72, 138 aculeata, Sepia ............................63–64 bartletti, Blandosepia ........................138 acuminata, Sepia..........................97,137 bartletti, Sepia ............................72,138 adami, Sepia ................................137 bartramii, Ommastrephes .......................18 adhaesa, Solitosepia plangon ..................109 bathyalis, Sepia ..............................138 affinis, Sepia ...............................130 Bathypolypus sponsalis........................191 affinis, Sepiola.......................158–159, 177 Bathyteuthis .................................. 3 African cuttlefish..............................73 baxteri, Blandosepia .........................138 Ajia-kouika .................................. 115 baxteri, Sepia.............................72,138 albatrossae, Euprymna ........................181 belauensis, Nautilus .....................51,53–54 -
The Pax Gene Family: Highlights from Cephalopods Sandra Navet, Auxane Buresi, Sébastien Baratte, Aude Andouche, Laure Bonnaud-Ponticelli, Yann Bassaglia
The Pax gene family: Highlights from cephalopods Sandra Navet, Auxane Buresi, Sébastien Baratte, Aude Andouche, Laure Bonnaud-Ponticelli, Yann Bassaglia To cite this version: Sandra Navet, Auxane Buresi, Sébastien Baratte, Aude Andouche, Laure Bonnaud-Ponticelli, et al.. The Pax gene family: Highlights from cephalopods. PLoS ONE, Public Library of Science, 2017, 12 (3), pp.e0172719. 10.1371/journal.pone.0172719. hal-01921138 HAL Id: hal-01921138 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01921138 Submitted on 13 Nov 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License RESEARCH ARTICLE The Pax gene family: Highlights from cephalopods Sandra Navet1☯, Auxane Buresi1☯, SeÂbastien Baratte1,2, Aude Andouche1, Laure Bonnaud-Ponticelli1, Yann Bassaglia1,3* 1 UMR BOREA MNHN/CNRS7208/IRD207/UPMC/UCN/UA, MuseÂum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne UniversiteÂs, Paris, France, 2 Univ. Paris Sorbonne-ESPE, Sorbonne UniversiteÂs, Paris, France, 3 Univ. Paris Est CreÂteil-Val de Marne, CreÂteil, France ☯ These authors contributed equally to this work. * [email protected] a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 Abstract a1111111111 Pax genes play important roles in Metazoan development. Their evolution has been exten- sively studied but Lophotrochozoa are usually omitted. -
Octopus Consciousness: the Role of Perceptual Richness
Review Octopus Consciousness: The Role of Perceptual Richness Jennifer Mather Department of Psychology, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada; [email protected] Abstract: It is always difficult to even advance possible dimensions of consciousness, but Birch et al., 2020 have suggested four possible dimensions and this review discusses the first, perceptual richness, with relation to octopuses. They advance acuity, bandwidth, and categorization power as possible components. It is first necessary to realize that sensory richness does not automatically lead to perceptual richness and this capacity may not be accessed by consciousness. Octopuses do not discriminate light wavelength frequency (color) but rather its plane of polarization, a dimension that we do not understand. Their eyes are laterally placed on the head, leading to monocular vision and head movements that give a sequential rather than simultaneous view of items, possibly consciously planned. Details of control of the rich sensorimotor system of the arms, with 3/5 of the neurons of the nervous system, may normally not be accessed to the brain and thus to consciousness. The chromatophore-based skin appearance system is likely open loop, and not available to the octopus’ vision. Conversely, in a laboratory situation that is not ecologically valid for the octopus, learning about shapes and extents of visual figures was extensive and flexible, likely consciously planned. Similarly, octopuses’ local place in and navigation around space can be guided by light polarization plane and visual landmark location and is learned and monitored. The complex array of chemical cues delivered by water and on surfaces does not fit neatly into the components above and has barely been tested but might easily be described as perceptually rich. -
Giant Pacific Octopus (Enteroctopus Dofleini) Care Manual
Giant Pacific Octopus Insert Photo within this space (Enteroctopus dofleini) Care Manual CREATED BY AZA Aquatic Invertebrate Taxonomic Advisory Group IN ASSOCIATION WITH AZA Animal Welfare Committee Giant Pacific Octopus (Enteroctopus dofleini) Care Manual Giant Pacific Octopus (Enteroctopus dofleini) Care Manual Published by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums in association with the AZA Animal Welfare Committee Formal Citation: AZA Aquatic Invertebrate Taxon Advisory Group (AITAG) (2014). Giant Pacific Octopus (Enteroctopus dofleini) Care Manual. Association of Zoos and Aquariums, Silver Spring, MD. Original Completion Date: September 2014 Dedication: This work is dedicated to the memory of Roland C. Anderson, who passed away suddenly before its completion. No one person is more responsible for advancing and elevating the state of husbandry of this species, and we hope his lifelong body of work will inspire the next generation of aquarists towards the same ideals. Authors and Significant Contributors: Barrett L. Christie, The Dallas Zoo and Children’s Aquarium at Fair Park, AITAG Steering Committee Alan Peters, Smithsonian Institution, National Zoological Park, AITAG Steering Committee Gregory J. Barord, City University of New York, AITAG Advisor Mark J. Rehling, Cleveland Metroparks Zoo Roland C. Anderson, PhD Reviewers: Mike Brittsan, Columbus Zoo and Aquarium Paula Carlson, Dallas World Aquarium Marie Collins, Sea Life Aquarium Carlsbad David DeNardo, New York Aquarium Joshua Frey Sr., Downtown Aquarium Houston Jay Hemdal, Toledo -
Tropical Cuttlefish a Model Organism to Study Travelling Waves in Biological Systems 4 August 2014
Tropical cuttlefish a model organism to study travelling waves in biological systems 4 August 2014 several millions of them. The size of each chromatophore can be rapidly and individually altered by neural activation of radial muscles. If those muscles relax, their chromatophore shrinks. If they contract, the chromatophore grows larger. One form of cephalopod pigmentation pattern is the passing cloud – a dark band that travels across the body of the animal. It can be superimposed on various static body patterns and textures. The passing cloud results from the coordinated activation of chromatophore arrays to generate one, or as in the present case, several simultaneous traveling waves of pigmentation. The tropical cuttlefish Metasepia tullbergi proves to be a suitable model organism to investigate the possible neural mechanisms underlying these The cuttlefish Metasepia tullbergi is not only extremely passing clouds. Using high-speed video cameras colourful, it can also generate colour waves traveling with 50 or 100 frames per second, the scientists across its body. Credit: Stephan Junek from the Max Planck Institute for Brain Research observed that the mantle of Metasepia contains four regions of wave travel on each half of the Some cephalopods are masters of display: Not body. Each region supports a different propagation only can they adapt their skin colour to their direction with the waves remaining within the immediate environment, thereby merging with the boundaries of a given region. The animal then uses background, they can also produce propagating different combinations of such regions of wave colour waves along their body. These so-called travel to produce different displays. -
Diversity of Cephalopoda from the Waters Around Taiwan
Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 18(2): 331-340. (1998) 331 DIVERSITY OF CEPHALOPODA FROM THE WATERS AROUND TAIWAN C.C.Lu Department ofZoology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan ABSTRACT Based on a new collection of cephalopods made during the period January 1995 to date, the list of cephalopods known to occur in Taiwanese waters, including the Taiwan Strait, has increased from 32 species to 64 species, belonging to 28 genera, 14 families, including sev eral species of sepiids and octopods new to science. The most speciose families are the family Sepiidae with 15 species, Loliginidae with 7 species, and Octopodidae with 22 spe cies.The fauna is largely in common with that of the neighbouring areas ofthe East China Sea and the South China Sea. When comparing the present result with previous reports, it is evident that the proportion of newly recorded taxa is large. At least 30 out ofthe 64 valid taxa reported are new records (46.9 %) and only 33 out of 63 nominal species previously reported are valid (52.4 %). As the present study is still in its early phase, it is expected that more taxa will be found when more habitats are sampled. Evidently our current knowl edge of cephalopod fauna of the area does not reflect the true diversity. Reasons for this disparity are examined. Using Taiwan as an example, recommendations are made to im prove our knowledge of the cephalopod fauna of the TMMP (Tropical Marine Mollusc Pro gramme) area. INTRODUCTION In China and Taiwan, cephalopods are tra in 19 genera belonging to nine families from ditionally used and prized as food items with Taiwanese waters. -
Cephalopods Between Science, Art, and Engineering: a Contemporary Synthesis
REVIEW published: 13 June 2018 doi: 10.3389/fcomm.2018.00020 Cephalopods Between Science, Art, and Engineering: A Contemporary Synthesis Ryuta Nakajima 1*, Shuichi Shigeno 2†, Letizia Zullo 3, Fabio De Sio 4 and Markus R. Schmidt 5* 1 Department of Art and Design, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN, United States, 2 Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy, 3 Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology (NSYN), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy, 4 Department of the History, Philosophy and Ethics of Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, 5 Biofaction KG, Vienna, Austria Cephalopods are outstanding animals. For centuries, they have provided a rich source Edited by: Tarla Rai Peterson, of inspiration to many aspects of human cultures, from art, history, media, and spiritual The University of Texas at El Paso, beliefs to the most exquisite scientific curiosity. Given their high esthetical value and United States “mysteriously” rich behavioral repertoire they have functioned as boundary objects (or Reviewed by: Karen M. Taylor, subjects) connecting seemingly distinct thematic fields. Interesting aspects of their being University of Alaska Fairbanks, span from the rapid camouflaging ability inspiring contemporary art practices, to their United States soft and fully muscular body that curiously enough inspired both gastronomy and Emily Plec, Western Oregon University, (soft) robotics. The areas influenced by cephalopods include ancient mythology, art, United States behavioral science, neuroscience, genomics, camouflage technology, and bespoken *Correspondence: robotics. Although these might seem far related fields, in this manuscript we want to Ryuta Nakajima [email protected] show how the increasing scientific and popular interest in this heterogeneous class of Markus R. -
ASFIS ISSCAAP Fish List February 2007 Sorted on Scientific Name
ASFIS ISSCAAP Fish List Sorted on Scientific Name February 2007 Scientific name English Name French name Spanish Name Code Abalistes stellaris (Bloch & Schneider 1801) Starry triggerfish AJS Abbottina rivularis (Basilewsky 1855) Chinese false gudgeon ABB Ablabys binotatus (Peters 1855) Redskinfish ABW Ablennes hians (Valenciennes 1846) Flat needlefish Orphie plate Agujón sable BAF Aborichthys elongatus Hora 1921 ABE Abralia andamanika Goodrich 1898 BLK Abralia veranyi (Rüppell 1844) Verany's enope squid Encornet de Verany Enoploluria de Verany BLJ Abraliopsis pfefferi (Verany 1837) Pfeffer's enope squid Encornet de Pfeffer Enoploluria de Pfeffer BJF Abramis brama (Linnaeus 1758) Freshwater bream Brème d'eau douce Brema común FBM Abramis spp Freshwater breams nei Brèmes d'eau douce nca Bremas nep FBR Abramites eques (Steindachner 1878) ABQ Abudefduf luridus (Cuvier 1830) Canary damsel AUU Abudefduf saxatilis (Linnaeus 1758) Sergeant-major ABU Abyssobrotula galatheae Nielsen 1977 OAG Abyssocottus elochini Taliev 1955 AEZ Abythites lepidogenys (Smith & Radcliffe 1913) AHD Acanella spp Branched bamboo coral KQL Acanthacaris caeca (A. Milne Edwards 1881) Atlantic deep-sea lobster Langoustine arganelle Cigala de fondo NTK Acanthacaris tenuimana Bate 1888 Prickly deep-sea lobster Langoustine spinuleuse Cigala raspa NHI Acanthalburnus microlepis (De Filippi 1861) Blackbrow bleak AHL Acanthaphritis barbata (Okamura & Kishida 1963) NHT Acantharchus pomotis (Baird 1855) Mud sunfish AKP Acanthaxius caespitosa (Squires 1979) Deepwater mud lobster Langouste -
Through the Looking Glass
THROUGH THE LOOKING-GLASS OF CEPHALOPOD COLOUR PATTERNS A skin-diver's guide to the Octopus brain. A. PACKARD Dept. of Zoology, University of Naples "Federico II ", Via Mezzocannone 8, Napoli 80134 and Stazione Zoologica "Anton Dohrn", I-Napoli 80121, Italy Dept. of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, Scotland. 1. Introduction Our supporting organisation, NATO, has shown itself ready to revise its military thinkingin face of the latest facts. As scientists we should be equally flexible. In the zoological realm,what had long been quoted as the most brilliant example of analogous structures and of convergent evolution - the similarity of the vertebrate and the cephalopod eye, despite their separate phylogenetic histories - is now revealed as having within it the seeds of an ancienthomology: perhaps as ancient as animal life itself. I refer to the recent discovery [38] that the same Homeobox gene family responsible for morphogenesis in the eye primordia of insects and of vertebrates is also contained in the germ cells of squids. It invites us to consider that the rules of Vision operating in the field of evolution - not so very different from the military field - are universal rules that have to do less with the nature of light and optics than with the tasks that can be performed with information extractable from an illuminated world. Emphasis on tasks, in turn suggests that the skin of cephalopods - clearly a successful group of animals- might be a very convenient way of arriving at these rules. Its capacity for colour change and its repertoire of signals andcompositions have, over millions of years, been directed at and tuned by the eyes that occupy behaviour space [29]. -
Eye Development in Sepia Officinalis Embryo: What the Uncommon Gene
ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 24 August 2017 doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00613 Eye Development in Sepia officinalis Embryo: What the Uncommon Gene Expression Profiles Tell Us about Eye Evolution Boudjema Imarazene 1, Aude Andouche 1, Yann Bassaglia 1, 2, Pascal-Jean Lopez 1 and Laure Bonnaud-Ponticelli 1* 1 UMR Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS 7208), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Université de Caen Normandie, Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement (IRD207), Université des Antilles, Paris, France, 2 Université Paris Est Créteil-Val de Marne, Paris, France In metazoans, there is a remarkable diversity of photosensitive structures; their shapes, physiology, optical properties, and development are different. To approach the evolution of photosensitive structures and visual function, cephalopods are particularly interesting organisms due to their most highly centralized nervous system and their camerular Edited by: eyes which constitute a convergence with those of vertebrates. The eye morphogenesis Frederike Diana Hanke, in numerous metazoans is controlled mainly by a conserved Retinal Determination University of Rostock, Germany Gene Network (RDGN) including pax, six, eya, and dac playing also key developmental Reviewed by: Shuichi Shigeno, roles in non-retinal structures and tissues of vertebrates and Drosophila. Here we have Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Italy identified and explored the role of Sof-dac, Sof-six1/2, Sof-eya in eye morphogenesis, Oleg Simakov, University of Vienna, Austria and nervous structures controlling the visual function in Sepia officinalis. We compare *Correspondence: that with the already shown expressions in eye development of Sof-otx and Sof-pax Laure Bonnaud-Ponticelli genes. -
Description of Key Species Groups in the East Marine Region
Australian Museum Description of Key Species Groups in the East Marine Region Final Report – September 2007 1 Table of Contents Acronyms........................................................................................................................................ 3 List of Images ................................................................................................................................. 4 Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................... 5 1 Introduction............................................................................................................................ 6 2 Corals (Scleractinia)............................................................................................................ 12 3 Crustacea ............................................................................................................................. 24 4 Demersal Teleost Fish ........................................................................................................ 54 5 Echinodermata..................................................................................................................... 66 6 Marine Snakes ..................................................................................................................... 80 7 Marine Turtles...................................................................................................................... 95 8 Molluscs ............................................................................................................................