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Download Article (PDF) Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 323 International Conference on Social Science and Character Educations (ICoSSCE 2018) International Conference on Social Studies, Moral, and Character Education (ICSMC 2018) A Humble and Meaningful Life of Commander in Chief, General Soedirman Sardiman Danu Eko Agustinova Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Yogyakarta, Indonesia Yogyakarta, Indonesia [email protected] [email protected] Abstract—This research aimed to: (1) identify the I. INTRODUCTION short biography of Soedirman, (2) describe the details about the humble life of General Soedirman, and (3) It may be uncommon for some military generals to analyze the important meaning of humbleness value that have a modest lifestyle in these times. It is because had been lived by Soedirman for the civil and nation life military generals in Indonesia are usually live of Indonesia. The method used in this research was prosperously. This study aims to depict the life of a critical history, which consists of five steps: topic military general, General Soedirman, who lived a selection, source collection, source criticism, simple, humble life. He is well known as the founding interpretation, and historical writing. The topic selected father of the National Army of Indonesia (Tentara was the humble life of Soedirman. It was interesting to Nasional Indonesia/TNI), whose humble life even got study, because it presents solutive -contextual meaning. The collected sources were divided into two categories to the point of a poverty-stricken condition/mlarat. namely primary and secondary sources. The source This article intentionally provides some notes and criticisms, on the other hand, were done in two ways, lessons for Indonesia, as the country is often reported namely the external criticism (to analyze the authenticity having problems with character issues [29] and social and integrity of the source) and internal criticism (to inequity. analyze the credibility of the source). In this study, interpretation is an important step to state the Indonesia is experiencing a figure crisis, facing interrelated meaning between the facts through the injustice problems, as well as a loss of national pride analysis and synthesis as an effort to give a whole, [19]. It seems that the citizen’s lives rarely represents meaningful historical construction about Soedirman’s the country’s identity as a nation, which is previously life related to his humble lifestyle. In the last step of known as polite, humble, cooperative, and hard- historical writing, critical and imaginative thoughts were working people. Now, that character has changed instrumental to build the active-dynamic historical toward consumptive, hedonistic, and extravagant life explanation. The result of this research explains that Soedirman was grown in three sub-cultures: wong cilik, to the point that they fail to realize that they are priayi, and santri. These three sub-cultures were taking violating public rights [20]. Materialism has begun to part in building the character values of Soedirman, such infect the citizen life, damaging the order of the civil as humbleness. This value has been implemented life. For example, the rise of the “instant” culture, throughout his life. The values from his lifestyle had a making shortcuts, and the unwillingness to work hard connection with various values that concur with the yet expecting the best result. Then it comes up to nation's personality, Pancasila. While this can be corrupted mental, dishonesty, and mentala [23] understood that Pancasila has not been implemented behavior (selfish). For example, the food seller that consequently by the Indonesians, for example the 5th mix their product with dangerous substances in order principle: "Social Justice for All Indonesians." The reality is that there are many social injustices in the to make the food last longer. Those kinds of sellers country. Rich people grow richer along with their take a shortcut to gain as much as possible by hedonistic, exaggerated and extravagant lifestyle. This neglecting their customers. The same kind also goes kind of lifestyle is not in accordance with the spirit of for drug dealers who profit for themselves while Pancasila; thus, a solution is needed. The humble destroying people’s life. lifestyle practiced by Soedirman may be a model to follow and can be exemplified to overcome this problem Besides that, in excuse of creativity, there are by actualizing and socializing the value of simplicity in some people who run and name their business without people's lives. If all citizens in this nation are eager to concerning about ethics and morality aspects. Let’s carry out a humble lifestyle, then the social injustices say that there are some restaurants which has name may gradually be overcome. “rawon setan” (setan means devil), “es thuyul” (thuyul is an Indonesia local ghost), “mie rampok” Keywords— Soedirman, Humbleness, Lifestyle, (robber noodle) and some others. Seeing through this Simplicity phenomenon in our daily lives could be hard for people who uphold the Islamic values of ethics and morality. This, as a matter of humanity has degraded Copyright © 2019, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 373 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 323 the dignity of human as Allah SWT’s most perfect pointed with content analysis especially those which being. are related to humble values and so on. Through deep analysis, this study may state about the importance of These phenomenon and reality that occur in daily humbleness based on the Soedirman’s lifestyle. It may living indicate that the noble value of Indonesia, also become a lesson and practiced in nation’s life. Pancasila, has been forgotten. Pancasila is only The last phase of the research is historical writing or venerated in words but is not practiced [1]. If there is historiography. In this step every researcher no action to solve this problem, slowly but surely it demanded to think critically, being imaginative in will break the joints nation’s lifeline. Related with this order to build the historical explanation [6]. Later on problem, this article seems appealing to be appointed the explanation is delivered in form of active-dynamic as a part of the solution which is to recall and take article which have dramatical power (to enhance and after the values of struggle from the well-known build emotional spirit for the readers) [16]. figures that relevant with the nation’s noble value. Thus, this article would appoint the notable values of III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION General Soedirman, especially about his humbleness. The aim of this study is to: (1) know about the figure A. Identifying the Figure of General Soedirman of Soedirman, (2) describe about the modest humble lifestyle of General Soedirman, and (3) analyze the Speaking about Soedirman’s birth and family background, several versions of story exist. According essential values of modesty that General Soedirman to this research and the same study by History Centre lived towards the civil and nation life of Indonesia in of TNI AD, Soedirman was son of a married couple, this current time. Karsid and Siyem. Soedirman was born on January 24, 1916 in Rembang village, Bodaskarangjati, II. METHOD Purbalingga [7]. Little Soedirman later was adopted This research is a qualitative research which by R. Tjokrosoenarjo (Soedirman’s uncle). At that employs critical history method. There are five steps time R. Tjokrosoenarjo works as Wedana or in this method [15]. First, choosing the title/topic. The Assistant/ District Chief in Rembang, Bodaskarangjati. selection about this topic obviously related with the He and his family then moved to Cilacap, where purpose and urgency, also the uniqueness from the Soedirman was raised and educated by R. subject of the study related to the topic. Secondly, the Tjokrosoenarjo’s family. As a village child in his age, source gathering phase or heuristic as a process of he participated in education programs in his village inquiring the data, to find the information related to such as “ngaji” (reciting holy Qur’an). His mentor General Soedirman. Generally, historical sources was K.H. Qahar. When he was at the age of seven, divided into two types namely the primary and with the help of his uncle’s family, Soedirman was secondary sources. The primary source is the able to take formal education in Hollandsch testimony from a subject, some witnesses, or even a Inlandsche School (HIS). mechanical object that present (and/or records) in the Soedirman was a hardworking and diligent student. same period when the event occurs [10]. In this study He was studious at reciting the scripture in his the researcher uses several primary sources including community as well as attending the formal school. He interview results, contemporary newspaper articles, also often got lessons and stories about the shadow and field observation. Meanwhile the secondary play (wayang) characters from his uncle who told him source is a form of evidence that was given by the nobility of a ksatria (knight). Soedirman’s someone or other sources that does not witness the character was influenced by three different sub- historical event directly or doesn’t belong to the same cultures, the peasant (wong cilik) from his mother, the period with the event. For examples are books, nobleman (priyayi) from his father, and Islamic journals, papers. After the sources compiled, the culture (santri) from his mentors both in community further phase is source criticism or verification. This and school. These three sub-cultures have given him a step aimed to extract the right information from the character which suits the community and his sources and historical facts. This step consists of two nationality. By the time he grew up as a teenager, he criticism method.
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