DOCSLIB.ORG

Is Located in the Middle of the Construction of the Village It Is

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Is Located in the Middle of the Construction of the Village It Is THREE LATE PREHISTORIC SITES IN THE PERIPHERY OF GUADELOUPE: is located in the middle of the construction of the village it is difficult to determine the limits of the GRANDE ANSE, LES SAINTES AND MORNE CYBELE 1 and 2, LA DESIRADE site. The gully forms the southern limit of the site. The site has been discovered during a prospection of Terre de Bas in the spring of 1994 by Thierry Corinne HOFMAN l’Etang. Further prospection and test excavations have revealed an undisturbed refuse layer with Leiden University, Netherlands many ceramic and shell artefacts as well as faunal remains. The ceramic assemblage belongs to the Suazan Troumassoid subseries. A radiocarbon date from a shell sample (Cittarium pica) provided Résumé a date of 810 ± 30 BP (GrN-20874) when calibrated this is 1160-1280 AD. Recent excavations have been executed during the spring of 1995 to obtain information on the research potential of the site. Le site de Grande Anse à Terre de Bas, Les Saintes et les deux sites de Morne Cybèle sur le plateau Information has been gathered on the spatial distribution of the artefacts, it was attempted to get a de La Désirade sont datës des 12eme et 15eme siècles ap. J.C. Cette communication donne les résul- better understanding of the stratigraphy and to obtain additional material and 14C samples. Due to tats des fouilles récentes sur les trois sites. L’étude porte sur l’implantation de ces sites sur les îles its location in the build-up area of the village of Grande Anse it has not been possible to uncover péripherique de la Guadeloupe et leur occupation durant la période préhistorique tardive. structures or do any large scale excavations. The excavations have thus been limited to the refuse area (fig. 2) and a burial of an adult male in the near vicinity of this area. The gravepit was very small, only 70 by 65 cm. The Abstract deceased was buried in a flexed seated position and most of the bones were in anatomic relation. The cranium and mandibula were missing, suggesting the possibility that these parts were taken The site of Grande Anse Terre de Bas, Les Saintes and the two sites of Morne Cybèle on the plateau of La from the grave after decomposition of the body. A radiocarbon date of a bone sample provided an Désirade date from the 12th and 15th century A.D. In this paper the results are given from recent excava- age of 1210 ±50 BP (GrN-21562), when calibrated this is 690-960 cal AD (2 sigma range). This burial tions on these three sites. The location of these sites on the peripheral islands of Guadeloupe and their occu- probably belongs to an earlier occupation of the site area. pation in late prehistoric times are examined. Resumen Ceramics A total of 2960 sherds with a weight of 57 KG have been collected in the 1994 testpits and the 1995 El sitio de Grande Anse en isla de Terre De Bas, Les Saintes y los dos sitios de Morne Cybèle en la meseta de excavations. The fragmentation of the sherds is medium with a weight of 24.5 grams per sherd. la isla de La Désirade datan de los siglos XII y XV despuès de Christo. En este informe se presenta los resul- Decoration represents 2.1 % in this assemblage and characteristic decorations such as an anthro- tatdos de excavaciónes recientes en los très sitios. La localización de estos sitios en las islas periféricas de pomorphic adorno (fig. 3), broad and shallow lined incisions (fig. 4), fingernail impression on the Guadeloupe y sus ocupaciónes durante el período prehistórico tardio son examinandos. lip and scratched surfaces (fig. 5) show the affiliation with the Suazan subseries. Some of the sherds have a red slip. INTRODUCTION Vessel and rim shapes are simple but divers. Bowls with simple contours and rounded lips are most frequent but inward and outward thickened lips also occur. Diameters vary between 16 and 52 cm This paper deals with the results of recent excavations and analysis of three late prehistoric sites on and wall thickness between 9 and 14 mm with an average of 10.4 mm. Surface colours range from the islands of les Saintes and la Désirade. Excavations have been executed in cooperation with the grey to reddish brown and interior surface colours from reddish brown to brown. Surfaces are Service Régional de l’Archéologie of the DRAC under the responsability of André Delpuech. The poorly finished, but in most cases lightly burnished. Some have scratched surfaces. The majority of islands of Les Saintes and La Désirade are situated in the Leeward Islands and both pertain admi- the sherds show incomplete or relative oxidation. In this case cores are dark grey to black and sub- nistratively to the french department of Guadeloupe (fig. 1). The limited size of both islands under- surfaces are reddish brown to brown. lie their peripheral character in relation to Guadeloupe, the largest island of the Lesser Antilles. Four fragments of spindle whorls have been collected. Griddle rims are perpendicular straight. Both islands have been inhabited from Saladoid times on. Two pre-historic sites have been inven- Griddles have an average diameter of 40 cm. Some griddle fragments belong to legged griddles. toried as yet on Les Saintes and around twenty on La Désirade. Only one griddle leg was found. The three analysed sites revealed material pertaining to the Suazan Troummasoid subseries, although with local variations. Radiocarbon samples provided dates of respectively 810 ± 30 BP, Artefacts 725 ±35 BP and 470 ± 30 BP. The location of these sites provides an opportunity to evaluate the sett- lement pattern in late prehistoric times. The lithic production is fairly poor. Four cisels made of tephrite were collected. Shell, specifically the lip of the Strombus gigas was used for the manufacture of other tools and THE SITE OF GRANDE ANSE, TERRE DE BAS, LES SAINTES ornaments. These consists of shell gouges with clearly polished edges and small beads. The island of Terre de Bas, Les Saintes is one of the two main islands of Les Saintes archipelago and Large amounts of coral were collected. Only a few worked specimen were found. These consist of is situated to the south-west of Guadeloupe approximately 10 km south of Basse Terre. The island a cisel like implement (Porites sp.) and a fragment of a large coral zemi (Porites sp.) with a base leng- has a surface area of 6.73 km2. Test-excavations at the site of Grande Anse indicated that Grande th of approx. 25 cm. Anse is a single component late prehistoric site. 156 157 The site is situated in the village of Grande Anse on the northern bank of a gully. Because the site Subsistence Analysis of the food remains revealed that marine shell species available in the direct vicinity of the Diametres vary between 20 and 42 cml thickness varies between 8 and 14 mm. Surface colours site on rocks and sandy bottom and seagrass meadows were abundantly present in the refuse. From range from brown to dark brown and interior surface colours tend to be more reddish brown. the analysis of the MNI executed by Hélene Schmidt the Cittarium pica (61.7%), Tectatius muricatus Surfaces are mostly poorly finished and one example is scratched. Vessels have been incompletely (12,2%), Nerita sp. (9.6%) and the Strombus gigas (5.9%) revealed to be the predominent species. or relatively well oxidized. In this case sherds have a dark grey to black core with reddish brown Others, such as the Fissurella sp. (2.6%), Chiton sp. (1.3%), Astrea caelata (1.3%), Thais rustica (1.3%) to brown subsurfaces. No base fragments, nor griddles have been collected. and the mangrove clams (0.4%) are present in small amounts. The analysis of other faunal remains is done by Sandrine Grouard. Preliminary results show that Subsistence fish remains predominate with 88.1%. The squirrelfish (Holocentridae) occurs in highest quantities A relatively high amount of complete shells have been found in the testpits with a total weight of followed by the grunt (Haemulidae) and the needlefish (Belonidae). All species are available in the 2180 grams. Among the complete shells were 54 complete Cittarium Pica; seven Purpura Patula and waters surrounding Grande Anse and can be caught with line, net or trap. Other faunal remains one Nerita sp. No shell artefacts have been collected. occuring in decreasing numbers are seaturtle (Chelonidae, 6.2%), rodents (3.6%) such as agouti (Dasyprocta aguti) and rice rat (Oryzomyini), birds (Passeriformes, 1.5%) and invertebrates (0.7%) b. The site of MC1 such as landcrab (Coenobita clypeatus) and ursin (Echinoid). Apart from the agouti all taxa are ende- A radiocarbon date of 470 ± 30 BP (Cittarium pica, GrN-20090), which corresponds to a calibrated mic of the island. date of 1440-1460 AD and a unique ceramic complex, make the site of Morne Cybèle 1 without doubt one of the most recent and therefore interesting known sites on the Lesser Antilles. The site THE SITES OF MORNE CYBELE 1 AND 2, LA DESIRADE predates the coming of the European colonists only some 30 years. Any stratigraphy is lacking but based on the homogeneity of the ceramics the site can be attributed to one single occupation and The island of La Désirade is situated 10 km north-east of Grande Terre. This island has a surface the amount of material attest of a short period of occupation. It is estimated that 95% of the site area of 20.6 km2. Excavations at the site of Morne Cybèle in 1984-85 by Pierre Bodu and an investi- MC1 excavated or otherwise destroyed in previous years.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ecología Poblacional De Cittarium Pica (Gastropoda: Trochidae) De San Andrés Isla, Reserva Internacional De Biósfera, Seaflower
    Ecología poblacional de Cittarium pica (Gastropoda: Trochidae) de San Andrés Isla, Reserva Internacional de Biósfera, Seaflower Jeimmy Paola Rico Mora1, José Ernesto Mancera-Pineda1 & Luis Alberto Guerra Vargas2 1. Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45 N° 26-85 Bogotá, Colombia; [email protected], [email protected] 2. CORALINA Corporación para el Desarrollo Sostenible del Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina, Vía San Luis, Bigth, Km 26 San Andrés Isla, Colombia; [email protected] Recibido 09-IX-2016. Corregido 22-V-2017. Aceptado 23-VI-2017. Abstract: Population ecology of Cittarium pica (Gastropoda: Trochidae) of San Andrés Island, International Biosphere Reserve, Seaflower. Cittarium pica is a conspicuous gastropod of the rocky coastlines of the Caribbean. Given its importance in the diet of Caribbean communities, it has been over-exploited, even reaching extinction in some places, and the species has been included in the red lists of marine invertebrates in some countries. Its fishery in San Andres Island-Colombia is artisanal without any regulation, leading to a decrease in its population. Taking into account the socio-economic, cultural and ecological importance of C. pica and its vulnerability to extinction, it is urgent to develop management actions directed to increase the resilience of the species and its sustainability as a fishery resource. To assess the current population state of C. pica from San Andrés Island, we estimated size structure, sex structure, maturation size, and growth parameters, based on length-frequency data analysis. From September to December 2013, and January to March 2014, we randomly collected 458 individuals at eight representative sites of the rocky shores of the island.
    [Show full text]
  • Bitasion Les Habitations-Plantations Constituent Le Creuset Historique Et Symbolique Où Fut Fondu L’Alliage Original Que Sont Les Cultures Antillaises
    Kelly & Bérard Ouvrage dirigé par Bitasion Les habitations-plantations constituent le creuset historique et symbolique où fut fondu l’alliage original que sont les cultures antillaises. Elles sont le berceau des sociétés créoles contemporaines qui y ont puisé tant leur forte parenté que leur Bitasion - Archéologie des habitations-plantations des Petites Antilles diversité. Leur étude a été précocement le terrain de prédilection des historiens. Les archéologues antillanistes se consacraient alors plus volontiers à l’étude des sociétés précolombiennes. Ainsi, en dehors des travaux pionniers de J. Handler et F. Lange à la Barbade, c’est surtout depuis la fin des années 1980 qu’un véritable développement de l’archéologie des habitations-plantations antillaises a pu être observé. Les questions pouvant être traitées par l’archéologie des habitations-plantations sont extrêmement riches et multiples et ne sauraient être épuisées par la publication d’un unique ouvrage. Les différents chapitres qui composent ce livre dirigé par K. Kelly et B. Bérard n’ont pas vocation à tendre à l’exhaustivité. Ils nous semblent, par contre, être représentatifs, par la variété des questions abordée et la diversité des angles d’approche, de la dynamique actuelle de ce champ de la recherche. Cette diversité est évidemment liée à celle des espaces concernés: les habitations-plantations de cinq îles des Petites Antilles : Antigua, la Guadeloupe, la Dominique, la Martinique et la Barbade sont ici étudiées. Elle est aussi, au sein d’un même espace, due à la cohabitation de différentes pratiques universitaires. Nous espérons que cet ouvrage, tout en diffusant une information jusqu’à présent trop dispersée, sera le point de départ de nouveaux travaux.
    [Show full text]
  • Os Nomes Galegos Dos Moluscos 2020 2ª Ed
    Os nomes galegos dos moluscos 2020 2ª ed. Citación recomendada / Recommended citation: A Chave (20202): Os nomes galegos dos moluscos. Xinzo de Limia (Ourense): A Chave. https://www.achave.ga /wp!content/up oads/achave_osnomesga egosdos"mo uscos"2020.pd# Fotografía: caramuxos riscados (Phorcus lineatus ). Autor: David Vilasís. $sta o%ra est& su'eita a unha licenza Creative Commons de uso a%erto( con reco)ecemento da autor*a e sen o%ra derivada nin usos comerciais. +esumo da licenza: https://creativecommons.org/ icences/%,!nc-nd/-.0/deed.g . Licenza comp eta: https://creativecommons.org/ icences/%,!nc-nd/-.0/ ega code. anguages. 1 Notas introdutorias O que cont!n este documento Neste recurso léxico fornécense denominacións para as especies de moluscos galegos (e) ou europeos, e tamén para algunhas das especies exóticas máis coñecidas (xeralmente no ámbito divulgativo, por causa do seu interese científico ou económico, ou por seren moi comúns noutras áreas xeográficas) ! primeira edición d" Os nomes galegos dos moluscos é do ano #$%& Na segunda edición (2$#$), adicionáronse algunhas especies, asignáronse con maior precisión algunhas das denominacións vernáculas galegas, corrixiuse algunha gralla, rema'uetouse o documento e incorporouse o logo da (have. )n total, achéganse nomes galegos para *$+ especies de moluscos A estrutura )n primeiro lugar preséntase unha clasificación taxonómica 'ue considera as clases, ordes, superfamilias e familias de moluscos !'uí apúntanse, de maneira xeral, os nomes dos moluscos 'ue hai en cada familia ! seguir
    [Show full text]
  • Cittarium Pica (West Indian Topshell) Superfamily: Trochoidea (Top Snails) Class: Gastropoda (Snails and Slugs) Phylum: Mollusca (Molluscs)
    UWI The Online Guide to the Animals of Trinidad and Tobago Ecology Cittarium pica (West Indian Topshell) Superfamily: Trochoidea (Top Snails) Class: Gastropoda (Snails and Slugs) Phylum: Mollusca (Molluscs) Fig. 1. West Indian topshell, Cittarium pica. [http://www.gastropods.com/4/Shell_24.shtml, downloaded 30 March 2015] TRAITS. Littoral (part of the sea close to the shore) gastropod commonly referred to as the West Indian topshell or whelks, C. pica attains the size of 10cm with its shell having black and white markings (Fig. 1). The shell is conical (Sartwell, 2013) with younger specimens being mostly white, but may have a greenish/yellowish tinge due to the staining of blue-green algae (Randall, 1964). The inner shell surface is nacreous (mother of pearl). There are patterns of coarse checkering of alternating white and black per whorl (turn) of the shell. C. pica has a muscular foot which assists in its slow crawling and holding on to rocks. UWI The Online Guide to the Animals of Trinidad and Tobago Ecology DISTRIBUTION. Cittarium pica is widely distributed throughout the West Indies, the Central and South American coast from upper Yucatan to Trinidad. The occurrence of C. pica in Florida and Bermuda were found as fossils. An attempt to reintroduce the species in Bermuda was made but was not successful. It is believed that the species in these areas died out in very recent times (Randall, 1964). The entire distribution range is in the Caribbean. HABITAT AND ACTIVITY. C. pica is found on rocky shorelines of tropical and temperate waters. These are commonly found in the intertidal and shallow sub tidal zones (as seen in Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • <I>Cittarium Pica</I>
    A STUDY OF THE GROWTH AND OTHER ASPECTS OF THE BIOLOGY OF THE WEST INDIAN TOPSHELL, CITT ARIUM PICA (LINNAEUS) I HELEN A. RANDALL Institute of Marine Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagiiez, P.R. ABSTRACT Various aspects of the biology of Cittariurn pica (Linnaeus, 1758) are discussed, including habitat, feeding habits, growth, movements, reproduc- tion, predators, and commensals. Marking and tagging experiments to determine growth rate are described. INTRODUCTION The West Indian topshell, Cittarium pica (Linnaeus, 1758) (=Livona pica), sometimes known as the magpie shell, is a well known littoral gastropod which attains a size of four inches. It is widely used as food and is probably second in economic importance only to the queen conch, Strombus gigas Linnaeus, among the gastropods of the Caribbean region. The shell is turbiniform and moderately heavy. It is strikingly colored with irregular markings of black and white (Fig. 1). There is considerable variation in color pattern, some individuals being primarily black with few white markings while others are predominantly white. White seems to be the ground color of the young (Fig. 2). The white of the shell is often greenish or yellowish, probably from staining by the blue-green alga Plectonema terebrans Bornet & Flahault (identified by H. J. Humm) which penetrates the upper calcareous layers. There is no periostracum, and in larger individuals the first few whorls are usually eroded. The older parts of many shells are overgrown with algae, particularly the calcareous red, Goniolithon b¢rgesenii Foslie. The interior of the aperature is pearly and the round chitinous operculum, which fits snugly, is translucent olive (drying to brown) with the spirals showing clearly.
    [Show full text]
  • Identification of Shell Colour Pigments in Marine Snails Clanculus Pharaonius and C
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Identification of Shell Colour Pigments in Marine Snails Clanculus pharaonius and C. margaritarius (Trochoidea; Gastropoda) S. T. Williams1*, S. Ito2, K. Wakamatsu2, T. Goral3, N. P. Edwards4, R. A. Wogelius4, T. Henkel4, L. F. C. de Oliveira5, L. F. Maia5, S. Strekopytov3, T. Jeffries3†, D. I. Speiser6,J. T. Marsden7 1 Natural History Museum, Department of Life Sciences, London, United Kingdom, 2 Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, 1–98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, a11111 Toyoake, Aichi, Japan, 3 Natural History Museum, Imaging and Analysis Centre, London, United Kingdom, 4 School of Earth, Atmospheric, and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom, 5 NEEM Núcleo de Espectroscopia e Estrutura Molecular, Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil, 6 Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States of America, 7 Viapath, Reference Biochemistry Laboratories, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom † Deceased. OPEN ACCESS * [email protected] Citation: Williams ST, Ito S, Wakamatsu K, Goral T, Edwards NP, Wogelius RA, et al. (2016) Identification of Shell Colour Pigments in Marine Snails Clanculus Abstract pharaonius and C. margaritarius (Trochoidea; Gastropoda). PLoS ONE 11(7): e0156664. Colour and pattern are key traits with important roles in camouflage, warning and attraction. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0156664 Ideally, in order to begin to understand the evolution and ecology of colour in nature, it is Editor: Geerat J. Vermeij, University of California, important to identify and, where possible, fully characterise pigments using biochemical UNITED STATES methods.
    [Show full text]
  • Shells Listings Will Be Printed in 4, 6 & 12 Months Time So Please Indicate When Next We Should Send a List on Your Order Form
    List up-dated Winter 2020 (14.02.20) S H E L L S (1 9 8 5 - 2 0 1 9) CHECK OUT PHILATELIC SUPPLIES (M.B.O'Neill) 359 Norton Way South Letchworth Garden City HERTS ENGLAND SG6 1SZ Telephone 01462-684191 during UK office hours 9.15-3.15pm Mon.-Fri.) Web-site: www.philatelicsupplies.co.uk email: [email protected] TERMS OF BUSINESS: & Notes on these lists: (Please read before ordering). 1). All stamps are unmounted mint unless specified otherwise. Our prices are also in Sterling, (£). 2). Lists are updated about every 16 weeks to include most recent stock movements and New Issues; they are therefore reasonably accurate stockwise 100% pricewise. This reduces the need for "credit notes" and refunds. Alternatives may be listed in case some items are out of stock. However, these popular lists are still best used as soon as possible. Next Shells listings will be printed in 4, 6 & 12 months time so please indicate when next we should send a list on your order form. 3). New Issues Services can be provided if you wish to keep your collection up to date on a Standing Order basis. Details of this service & forms can be sent on request. 4).All orders on our order forms are attended to by return of post. We will keep a photocopy it and return your annotated original. 5). Other Thematic Lists are available on request; Minerals/Geology/Fossils, Fauna, Marinelife, etc 6). Postage is extra but we always use current G.B.commemoratives in complete sets where possible INLAND RATES: 1st Class £1.00 is recommended on orders under £75.00; "Insurance + Rec.Delivery" £2.50 (can be used on orders under £175).
    [Show full text]
  • Terrestrial Hermit Crabs (Anomura: Coenobitidae) As Taphonomic Agents in Circum-Tropical Coastal Sites
    University of Wollongong Research Online Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive) Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health 2012 Terrestrial hermit crabs (Anomura: Coenobitidae) as taphonomic agents in circum-tropical coastal sites Katherine Szabo University of Wollongong, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/scipapers Part of the Life Sciences Commons, Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons, and the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Szabo, Katherine: Terrestrial hermit crabs (Anomura: Coenobitidae) as taphonomic agents in circum- tropical coastal sites 2012, 931-941. https://ro.uow.edu.au/scipapers/4604 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] Terrestrial hermit crabs (Anomura: Coenobitidae) as taphonomic agents in circum-tropical coastal sites Abstract Hermit crabs are ever alert for more suitable shells to inhabit, but what this may mean for coastal shell middens has rarely been considered. Here, the impact of the most landward-based of hermit crab families, the tropical Coenobitidae, upon archaeological shell-bearing deposits is assessed using a case study: the Neolithic Ugaga site from Fiji. At Ugaga, hermit crabs were found to have removed the majority of shells from the midden and had deposited their old, worn shells in return. The behavioural ecology of genus Coenobita suggests a mutualistic interaction whereby humans make available shell and food resources to hermit crabs, which in turn provide a site cleaning service by consuming human and domestic waste. Diagnostic indicators of terrestrial hermit crab wear patterns on gastropod shells are outlined and the conditions under which extensive ‘hermitting’ of shell midden deposits may occur are investigated.
    [Show full text]
  • Explotación, Usos Y Estado Actual De La Cigua O Burgao Cittarium Pica (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Trochidae) En La Costa Continental Del Caribe Colombiano
    Bol. Invest. Mar. Cost. 35 133-148 ISSN 0122-9761 Santa Marta, Colombia, 2006 EXPLOTACIÓN, USOS Y ESTADO ACTUAL DE LA CIGUA O BURGAO CITTARIUM PICA (MOLLUSCA: GASTROPODA: TROCHIDAE) EN LA COSTA CONTINENTAL DEL CARIBE COLOMBIANO Adriana Osorno Arango1 y Juan M. Díaz Merlano2 1 Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (INVEMAR), Cerro Punta Betín, Santa Marta, Colombia. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Instituto de Investigación de RecursosBiológicos Alexander von Humboldt, Carrera 7 No. 35-20, Bogotá D.C., Colombia, E-mail: [email protected] RESUMEN La cigua o burgao, Cittarium pica es un gasterópodo común y conspicuo de la zona intermareal del litoral rocoso del Caribe y ha sido utilizado como alimento por el hombre desde tiempos precolombinos. Aunque la extracción del recurso es realizada únicamente por pescadores artesanales y principalmente para autoconsumo de pobladores locales, su abundancia se ha visto reducida notablemente durante los últimos diez años, por lo que la especie hace parte de la lista roja de fauna amenazada en varios países caribeños, incluido Colombia. El presente estudio tuvo por objeto hacer un diagnóstico del estado actual de la población de C. pica a lo largo de la costa continental del Caribe colombiano, así como una caracterización general de los niveles de explotación y usos en tiempos recientes. Para ello, la costa Caribe colombiana se dividió en cinco sectores de acuerdo al rango de distribución establecida para la especie: 1-Urabá chocoano, 2-Isla Fuerte, 3-Cartagena e Islas del Rosario, 4-Santa Marta y Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona, 5-La Guajira. En cada uno de los sectores se efectuaron encuestas a los pobladores locales.
    [Show full text]
  • Sustainable Indigenous Fishing in the Pre-Contact Caribbean: Evidence and Critical Considerations from Carriacou, Grenada
    sustainability Article Sustainable Indigenous Fishing in the Pre-Contact Caribbean: Evidence and Critical Considerations from Carriacou, Grenada Christina M. Giovas Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada; [email protected] Abstract: Multiple studies reveal pre-1492 anthropogenic impacts on Caribbean fisheries that are consistent with overfishing, including changes in targeted prey, shifts in marine habitats exploited, and decreases in the average body size of taxa. At the Indigenous Caribbean village of Sabazan (AD 400–1400) on Carriacou, Lesser Antilles, post-AD 800 declines in fishing, increased mollusk collection, and changes in resource patch emphasis accord with the archaeological correlates of resource depression predicted by foraging theory models from behavioral ecology. Here, I apply foraging theory logic and abundance indices incorporating body size and fish habitat to test the predictions of expanded diet breadth, declining prey body size, and shifts to more distant fishing patches that are typically associated with overfishing. Results uphold a significant decrease in overall fishing, which may be due to habitat change associated with the Medieval Warm Period. Indices of fish size and resource patch use do not meet foraging theory expectations for resource depression, however. Instead, they suggest an absence of resource depression in the Sabazan fishery and at least 600 years of sustainable fishing. I review similar findings for other Caribbean archaeological sites with either negative evidence for fisheries’ declines or quantitatively demonstrated sustainable fishing. These sites collectively serve as a critical reminder of the heterogeneous trajectories of Indigenous Citation: Giovas, C.M. Sustainable Indigenous Fishing in the Pre-Contact social–ecological systems in the pre-contact Caribbean and the need for meta-level analyses of the Caribbean: Evidence and Critical region’s ancient fisheries.
    [Show full text]
  • The Fishery and Ecology of Cittarium Pica in the West Indies
    University of Rhode Island DigitalCommons@URI Open Access Dissertations 2016 The Fishery and Ecology of Cittarium pica in the West Indies Reuban James-Allen MacFarlan University of Rhode Island, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/oa_diss Recommended Citation MacFarlan, Reuban James-Allen, "The Fishery and Ecology of Cittarium pica in the West Indies" (2016). Open Access Dissertations. Paper 484. https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/oa_diss/484 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@URI. It has been accepted for inclusion in Open Access Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@URI. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE FISHERY AND ECOLOGY OF CITTARIUM PICA IN THE WEST INDIES BY REUBEN JAMES-ALLEN MACFARLAN A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF RHODE ISLAND 2016 DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY OF REUBEN JAMES-ALLEN MACFARLAN APPROVED: Dissertation Committee: Major Professor Graham E. Forrester Carlos Garcia-Quijano Peter V. August Nasser H. Zawia DEAN OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL i ABSTRACT Cittarium pica, the West Indian Top Shell or “whelk,” is an understudied but culturally and ecologically important intertidal gastropod in the Caribbean. The species faces overexploitation and possible extirpation in much of its range due to a confluence of factors including life-history traits, a diffuse artisanal fishery, and lack of basic scientific knowledge. The undocumented, unregulated, and unreported nature of artisanal and small-scale commercial harvesting of this species renders its study quite different from that of other more recognizable species such as conch or spiny lobster.
    [Show full text]
  • A Phylogeny of Vetigastropoda and Other Archaeogastropods
    Invertebrate Biology 129(3): 220–240. r 2010, The Authors Journal compilation r 2010, The American Microscopical Society, Inc. DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7410.2010.00198.x A phylogeny of Vetigastropoda and other ‘‘archaeogastropods’’: re-organizing old gastropod clades Stephanie W. Aktipisa and Gonzalo Giribet Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA Abstract. The phylogenetic relationships among the ‘‘archaeogastropod’’ clades Patellogastro- poda, Vetigastropoda, Neritimorpha, and Neomphalina are uncertain; the phylogenetic place- ment of these clades varies across different analyses, and particularly among those using morphological characteristics and those relying on molecular data. This study explores the re- lationships among these groups using a combined analysis with seven molecular loci (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, histone H3, 16S rRNA, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I [COI], myosin heavy-chain type II, and elongation factor-1a [EF-1a]) sequenced for 31 ingroup taxa and eight outgroup taxa. The deep evolutionary splits among these groups have made resolution of stable relationships difficult, and so EF-1a and myosin are used in an attempt to re-examine these ancient radiation events. Three phylogenetic analyses were performed utilizing all seven genes: a single-step direct optimization analysis using parsimony, and two-step approaches using par- simony and maximum likelihood. A single-step direct optimization parsimony analysis was also performed using only five molecular loci (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, histone H3, 16S rRNA, and COI) in order to determine the utility of EF-1a and myosin in resolving deep relationships. In the likelihood and POY optimal phylogenetic analyses, Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda, Neritimorpha, Neomphalina, and Patellogastropoda were monophyletic.
    [Show full text]