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Create account Log in Article Talk Read Edit View history List of Nazi concentration camps From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Navigation This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2009) Main page Contents This article presents a partial list of more prominent Nazi concentration camps set up across Europe during World War II and the Holocaust. A Featured content more complete list drawn up in 1967 by the German Ministry of Justice names about 1,200 camps and subcamps in countries occupied by Nazi Current events Germany,[1] while the Jewish Virtual Library writes: "It is estimated that the Nazis established 15,000 camps in the occupied countries."[2] Most Random article of these camps were destroyed. Donate to Wikipedia The later camps, built by the Third Reich mostly between 1939 and 1942, were intended to hold large groups of prisoners without trial or judicial process, including Jews, gypsies, Slavs, prisoners of war and many others, seen as undesirable by the occupation administration. In modern Interaction historiography, the term refers to a place of mistreatment, starvation, forced labour, and murder. Some of the data presented in this table originates from The War Against the Jews by Lucy Dawidowicz.[3] Help About Wikipedia Contents Community portal 1 Table Recent changes 2 See also Contact Wikipedia 3 References 4 Bibliography Toolbox 5 External links What links here Related changes Table [edit] Upload file Extermination camps are marked with light red, Concentration camps are marked with light blue, Labour camps are marked with gray, while Special pages Transit camps and Collective points remain unmarked. Nazi ghettos are generally not included. According to data presented in the table below, Permanent link an estimated 4,251,500 people lost their lives in the camps. Page information Data item Country Dates of Est. Cite this page Camp name Camp type Est. deaths Sub-camps Webpage (today) use prisoners Lager Borkum, Lager Channel Jan 1942 – Print/export Alderney Labour camps 6,000 700 Helgoland, Lager Norderney, [2] Islands Jun 1944 Create a book Lager Sylt Download as PDF Aug 1941 – Amersfoort Netherlands Transit camp and prison 35,000 1,000 [3] Printable version Apr 1945 8 Apr 1942 – Arbeitsdorf Germany Labour camp 600 min. none Languages 11 Oct 1942 list of 48 sub-camps with Afrikaans 135,000 min. 1,100,000 min.[5] Apr 1940 – description at the Brezhoneg Auschwitz-Birkenau Poland Extermination and labour camp [4] in August out of 6,000,000 [4] [5] [7] [6] Jan 1945 Auschwitz-Birkenau State Česky 1944 [6] rec. arrivals [7] Deutsch Museum Ελληνικά Jun 1941 – Banjica Serbia Concentration camp 23,637 3,849[8] Español Sep 1944 Esperanto Mar 1944 – Bardufoss Norway Concentration camp 800 250 [citation needed] Français ???? Frysk Oct 1941 – 한국어 Bełżec Poland Extermination camp 434,508 min. [4] Jun 1943 Bahasa Indonesia Berga an der Elster Labour camp; Buchenwald Italiano Germany Lëtzebuergesch (Berga, Thuringia) subcamp Magyar Apr 1943 – Bergen-Belsen Germany Collection point 70,000 2 [5] Nederlands Apr 1945 日本語 Early a "rest place" then labour Berlin-Marzahn Germany July 1936 – none [6] Polski camp for Roma Português Apr 1942 – Русский Bernburg Germany Collection point 100,000 2 Apr 1945 Simple English Suomi Bogdanovka Ukraine Concentration camp 1941 54,000 40,000 Svenska Jul 1944 – Bolzano Italy Transit 11,116 Tiếng Việt Apr 1945 Fall, 1941 – Edit links Bredtvet Norway Concentration camp 1,000 min. ???? none May, 1945 20 Sep 1940 Breendonk Belgium Prison and labour camp 3532 min. 391 min. none [7] – Sep 1944 Page 1 / 5 Jun 1933 – "Early wild camp", Breitenau Germany Mar 1934, 470 – 8500 [8] then labour camp 1940–1945 Jul 1937 – Buchenwald Germany Labour camp 250,000 56,000 list [9] Apr 1945 Dec 1941 – Chełmno Apr 1943, Poland Extermination camp 152,000 min. [10] (Kulmhof) Apr 1944 – Jan 1945 Crveni krst Serbia Concentration camp 1941–1945 30,000 12,300 Mar 1933 – Dachau Germany Labour camp 200,000 31,591 list [11] Apr 1945 20 Aug 1941 Three of five Paris annexes: Drancy France Internment camp, transit – 17 Aug 70,000 Austerlitz, Lévitan and [12] 1944 Bassano camps Dec 1941 – Falstad Norway Prison camp 200 min. none [13] May 1945 November Labour camp; Buchenwald Flößberg (Frohburg) Germany 1944 – Apr 1904 235 min. [14] subcamp 1945 May 1938 – Flossenbürg Germany Labour camp 100,000 min. 30,000 list [15] Apr 1945 1940 – Aug Fort de Romainville France Prison and transit camp 8,100 min. 200 min. none [16] 1944 Oct 1939 – Fort VII (Poznań) Poland Concentration, detention, transit 18,000 min. 4,500 min. [17] Apr 1944 5 Dec 1943 – Fossoli Italy Prison and transit camp none Nov 1944 Fannrem 2 May 1941 – Grini Norway Prison camp 19,788 8 Bardufoss May 1945 Kvænangen Labour camp; Nacht und Nebel Aug 1940 – Gross-Rosen Poland 125,000 40,000 list [18] camp Feb 1945 1943 – Herzogenbusch Netherlands Concentration camp Summer 31,000 750 list [19] (Vught) 1944 Jul 1940 – Hinzert Germany Collection point and subcamp 14,000 302 min. [20] Mar 1945 Janowska Ghetto; transit, labour, & Sep 1941 – [21] Ukraine 40,000 min. none (Lwów) extermination camp Nov 1943 (see "A-Z") Stara Gradiška concentration camp, Sisak Jasenovac Extermination camp for Jews, Croatia 1941–1945 100,000 min. 100,000 min.[11] children's concentration [22] concentration camp Serbs and Roma[9] [10] camp, Donja Gradina, Jasenovac main Kaiserwald 1942 – 6 Aug 16, Latvia Labour camp 20,000? [23] (Mežaparks) 1944 incl. Eleja-Meitenes Jun 1943 – Kaufering/Landsberg Germany Labour camp 30,000 14,500 min. [24] Apr 1945 Kauen Lithuania Ghetto and internment camp ???? Prawienischken [25] (Kaunas) Jun 1933 – Kemna Germany Early concentration camp 4,500 none [26] Jan 1944 Summer Klooga Estonia Labour camp 1943 – 28 2,400 Sep 1944 Summer Koldichevo Belarus Labour camp 1942 – Jun 22,000 1944 Langenstein- Apr 1944 – Germany Buchenwald subcamp 5,000 2,000 Zwieberge Apr 1945 Le Vernet France Internment camp 1939–1944 Majdanek Jul 1941 – Jul Poland Extermination camp 78,000 [27] (KZ Lublin) 1944 Winter 1943 Malchow Germany Labour and Transit camp 5,000 – 8 May 1945 Page 2 / 5 Jul 1941 – 206,500 (official) [28] Maly Trostenets Belarus Extermination camp Jun 1944 65,000 [29] Aug 1938 – Mauthausen-Gusen Austria Labour camp 195,000 95,000 min. list [30] May 1945 July 1942 – Mechelen Belgium Transit camp 25267 min.[12] 300 min.[13] none [31] Sep 1944 Sep 1943 – Mittelbau-Dora Germany Labour camp 60,000 20,000 min. list [32] Apr 1945 Labour camp; Gross-Rosen Aug 1944 – Mittelsteine Poland 300–1,000 10–20 none [33] subcamp April 1945 Natzweiler-Struthof Labour camp; Nacht und May 1941 – France 40,000 25,000 list [34] (Struthof) Nebel camp; extermination camp Sep 1944 13 Dec 1938 Neuengamme Germany Labour camp 106,000 42,900+ list [35] – 4 May 1945 Sep 1941 – Niederhagen Germany Prison and labour camp 3,900 1,285 none [36] early 1943 Former infantry base Nov 1933 – Oberer Kuhberg Germany Concentration camp 0 Gleißelstetten (Fortress of [37] 1935 Ulm) Labour and concentration camp; Nov 1944 – Ohrdruf Germany 11,700 [38] Buchenwald subcamp Apr 1945 Mar 1933 – Oranienburg Germany Early concentration camp 3,000 16 min. [39] Jul 1934 Mar 1933 – Osthofen Germany Collective point Jul 1934 Dec 1942 – Płaszów Poland Labour camp 150,000 min. 9,000 min. list Jan 1945 May 1939 – Ravensbrück Germany Labour camp for women 150,000 90,000 min. list [40] [41] Apr 1945 Risiera di San Sabba Sep 1943 – Italy Police detainment camp 25,000 5,000 [42] (Trieste) 29 Apr 1945 Jul 1936 – Sachsenhausen Germany Labour camp 200,000 min. 100,000 list [43] Apr 1945 Oct 1941 – Sajmište Serbia Extermination camp 92,000 23,000–47,000 Jul 1944 Oct 1941 – Salaspils Latvia Labour camp Summer 2,000 [44] 1944 Sept 1939 - Skrochowitz Czech Transit (1939) and labour camp Dec 1939, 1939:700 1939:13 [45] (Skrochovice) Republic 1940-1943 May 1942 – Sobibor Poland Extermination camp 200,000 max. [46] Oct 1943 Winter Soldau Poland Labour; Transit camp 1939/40 – 30,000 13,000 Jan 1945 Sep 1939 – Stutthof Poland Labour camp 110,000 65,000 list [47] May 1945 Theresienstadt Czech Nov 1941 – Transit camp and Ghetto 140,000 35,000 min. [48] (Terezín) Republic May 1945 Jul 1942 – Treblinka Poland Extermination camp 870,000 [49] Nov 1943 15 Sep 1943 Vaivara Estonia Concentration and transit camp – 29 Feb 20,000 950 22 [50] [51] 1944 Warsaw Poland Labour and extermination camp 1942–1944 400,000 max. 200,000 max. May 1940 – Westerbork Netherlands Transit camp 102,000 [52] Apr 1945 See also [edit] Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics Research Materials: Max Planck Society Archive Holocaust victims and death toll References [edit] Page 3 / 5 1. ^ List of concentration camps and their outposts (German) 2. ^ Concentration Camp Listing Sourced from Van Eck, Ludo Le livre des Camps. Belgium: Editions Kritak; and Gilbert, Martin Atlas of the Holocaust. New York: William Morrow 1993 ISBN 0-688-12364-3. In this on-line site are the names of 149 camps and 814 subcamps, organized by country. 3. ^ [1] United States Holocaust Memorial Museum: "Nazi holding camp System" 4. ^ a b Franciszek Piper, Construction and Expansion of KL Auschwitz ("Budowa i rozbudowa KL Auschwitz"). The Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum in Oświęcim, Poland (Państwowe Muzeum Auschwitz-Birkenau w Oświęcimiu), 1999-2010 (Polish) 5. ^ a b Franciszek Piper, Dead victims of KL Auschwitz per nationality and/or profile of deportees ("Liczba uśmierconych w KL Auschwitz ogółem wg narodowości lub kategorii deportowanych").
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    DECISIONS AMID CHAOS: JEWISH SURVIVAL IN BUDAPEST, MARCH 1944 – FEBRUARY 1945 Allison Somogyi A thesis submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2014 Approved by: Christopher Browning Chad Bryant Konrad Jarausch © 2014 Allison Somogyi ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Allison Somogyi: Decisions amid Chaos: Jewish Survival in Budapest, March 1944 – February 1945 (Under the direction of Chad Bryant) “The Jews of Budapest are completely apathetic and do virtually nothing to save themselves,” Raoul Wallenberg stated bluntly in a dispatch written in July 1944. This simply was not the case. In fact, Jewish survival in World War II Budapest is a story of agency. A combination of knowledge, flexibility, and leverage, facilitated by the chaotic violence that characterized Budapest under Nazi occupation, helped to create an atmosphere in which survival tactics were common and widespread. This unique opportunity for agency helps to explain why approximately 58 percent of Budapest’s 200,000 Jews survived the war while the total survival rate for Hungarian Jews was only 26 percent. Although unique, the experience of Jews within Budapest’s city limits is not atypical and suggests that, when fortuitous circumstances provided opportunities for resistance, European Jews made informed decisions and employed everyday survival tactics that often made the difference between life and death. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank everybody who helped me and supported me while writing and researching this thesis. First and foremost I must acknowledge the immense support, guidance, advice, and feedback given to me by my advisor, Dr.
  • Nazi Concentration Camp Guard Service Equals "Good Moral Character"?: United States V

    Nazi Concentration Camp Guard Service Equals "Good Moral Character"?: United States V

    American University International Law Review Volume 12 | Issue 1 Article 3 1997 Nazi Concentration Camp Guard Service Equals "Good Moral Character"?: United States v. Lindert K. Lesli Ligomer Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.wcl.american.edu/auilr Part of the International Law Commons Recommended Citation Ligorner, K. Lesli. "Nazi Concentration Camp Guard Service Equals "Good Moral Character"?: United States v. Lindert." American University International Law Review 12, no. 1 (1997): 145-193. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Washington College of Law Journals & Law Reviews at Digital Commons @ American University Washington College of Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in American University International Law Review by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ American University Washington College of Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NAZI CONCENTRATION CAMP GUARD SERVICE EQUALS "GOODMORAL CHARACTER"?: UNITED STATES V. LINDERT By K Lesli Ligorner Fetching the newspaper from your porch, you look up and wave at your elderly neighbor across the street. This quiet man emigrated to the United States from Europe in the 1950s. Upon scanning the newspaper, you discover his picture on the front page and a story revealing that he guarded a notorious Nazi concen- tration camp. How would you react if you knew that this neighbor became a natu- ralized citizen in 1962 and that naturalization requires "good moral character"? The systematic persecution and destruction of innocent peoples from 1933 until 1945 remains a dark chapter in the annals of twentieth century history. Though the War Crimes Trials at Nilnberg' occurred over fifty years ago, the search for those who participated in Nazi-sponsored persecution has not ended.