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Redalyc.THE SENKAKU/DIAOYU ISLANDS TERRITORIAL DISPUTE
UNISCI Discussion Papers ISSN: 1696-2206 [email protected] Universidad Complutense de Madrid España Drifte, Reinhard THE SENKAKU/DIAOYU ISLANDS TERRITORIAL DISPUTE BETWEEN JAPAN AND CHINA: BETWEEN THE MATERIALIZATION OF THE "CHINA THREAT" AND JAPAN "REVERSING THE OUTCOME OF WORLD WAR II"? UNISCI Discussion Papers, núm. 32, mayo, 2013, pp. 9-62 Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid, España Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=76727454002 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative UNISCI Discussion Papers, Nº 32 (Mayo / May 2013) ISSN 1696-2206 THE SENKAKU/DIAOYU ISLANDS TERRITORIAL DISPUTE BETWEEN JAPAN AND CHINA: BETWEEN THE MATERIALIZATION OF THE "CHINA THREAT" AND JAPAN "REVERSING THE OUTCOME OF WORLD WAR II"? 1 Reinhard Drifte University of Newcastle Abstract: The territorial dispute between Japan and China over the sovereignty of the Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands is framed by economic interests, domestic circumstances, national identity issues, requirements of international law and historical grievances. The article provides an analysis of these issues which are indicative of the bilateral relationship in general. The analysis of the 1972-2010 period traces the reasons for the erosion of the implicit agreement in 1972 and 1978 between the two countries to shelve the territorial dispute, using Constructivist as well as Realist approaches. The second part contains a case study of the 2010 and the 2012/13 Senkaku incidents, the latter and most serious one started by Ishihara Shintaro, the right-wing Governor of Tokyo, when he declared in April 2012 his intention to have his local government buy some of the contested islands from its private owner which prompted the national government of Prime Minister Noda to buy them instead. -
Demography, Urbanization and Development
WPS7333 Policy Research Working Paper 7333 Public Disclosure Authorized Demography, Urbanization and Development Rural Push, Urban Pull and … Urban Push? Public Disclosure Authorized Remi Jedwab Luc Christiaensen Marina Gindelsky Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Africa Region Office of the Chief Economist June 2015 Policy Research Working Paper 7333 Abstract Developing countries have urbanized rapidly since 1950. rapid urban growth and urbanization may also be linked To explain urbanization, standard models emphasize rural- to demographic factors, such as rapid internal urban urban migration, focusing on rural push factors (agricultural population growth, or an urban push. High urban natu- modernization and rural poverty) and urban pull factors ral increase in today’s developing countries follows from (industrialization and urban-biased policies). Using new lower urban mortality, relative to Industrial Europe, where historical data on urban birth and death rates for seven higher urban deaths offset urban births. This compounds countries from Industrial Europe (1800–1910) and the effects of migration and displays strong associations thirty-five developing countries (1960–2010), this paper with urban congestion, providing additional insight argues that a non-negligible part of developing countries’ into the phenomenon of urbanization without growth. This paper is a product of the Office of the Chief Economist, Africa Region of the World Bank, in collaboration with George Washington University. It is part of a larger effort by the World Bank to provide open access to its research and make a contribution to development policy discussions around the world. Policy Research Working Papers are also posted on the Web at http://econ.worldbank.org. -
Urbanization with and Without Industrialization∗
Urbanization with and without Industrialization∗ a Douglas GOLLIN Rémi JEDWABb Dietrich VOLLRATHc a Department of International Development, University of Oxford b Department of Economics, George Washington University c Department of Economics, University of Houston This Version: October 1st, 2013 Abstract: Many theories link urbanization with industrialization; in partic- ular, with the production of tradable (and typically manufactured) goods. We document that the expected relationship between urbanization and the level of industrialization is not present in a sample of developing economies. The breakdown occurs due to a large sub-sample of resource exporters that have urbanized without increasing output in either manufacturing or in- dustrial services such as finance. To account for these stylized facts, we construct a model of structural change that accommodates two different paths to high urbanization rates. The first involves the typical movement of labor from agriculture into industry, as in many models of structural change; this stylized pattern leads to what we term “production cities” that produce tradable goods. The second path is driven by the income effect of natural resource endowments: resource rents are spent on urban goods and services, which gives rise to “consumption cities” that are made up pri- marily of workers in non-tradable services. We document empirically that there is such a distinction in the employment composition of cities between developing countries that rely on natural resource exports and those that do not. Our model and the supporting data suggest that urbanization is not a homogenous event, and this has possible implications for long-run growth. Keywords: Structural Change; Urbanization; Industrialization JEL classification: L16; N10; N90; O18; O41; R10 ∗Douglas Gollin, University of Oxford (e-mail: [email protected]). -
Nautical Cartography and Traditional Navigation in Oceania
13 · Nautical Cartography and Traditional Navigation in Oceania BEN FINNEY MENTAL CARTOGRAPHY formal images and their own sense perceptions to guide their canoes over the ocean. The navigational practices of Oceanians present some The idea of physically portraying their mental images what of a puzzle to the student of the history of carto was not alien to these specialists, however. Early Western graphy. Here were superb navigators who sailed their ca explorers and missionaries recorded instances of how in noes from island to island, spending days or sometimes digenous navigators, when questioned about the islands many weeks out of sight of land, and who found their surrounding their own, readily produced maps by tracing way without consulting any instruments or charts at sea. lines in the sand or arranging pieces of coral. Some of Instead, they carried in their head images of the spread of these early visitors drew up charts based on such ephem islands over the ocean and envisioned in the mind's eye eral maps or from information their informants supplied the bearings from one to the other in terms of a con by word and gesture on the bearing and distance to the ceptual compass whose points were typically delineated islands they knew. according to the rising and setting of key stars and con Furthermore, on some islands master navigators taught stellations or the directions from which named winds their pupils a conceptual "star compass" by laying out blow. Within this mental framework of islands and bear coral fragments to signify the rising and setting points of ings, to guide their canoes to destinations lying over the key stars and constellations. -
DPCC Country Codes V1.2 (PDF)
DPCC Country Codes List v1.2 DPCC Country Codes List v1.2 - ISO 3166 Standard DPCC State Province Codes List v1.2 - ISO 3166-2 Standard ISO Country Name ISO Country Code NCBI Country Name ISO Country Name ISO Country Code ISO State Province Code ISO State Province Name Afghanistan AFG Afghanistan United States of America USA US-AL Alabama Aland Islands ALA United States of America USA US-AK Alaska Albania ALB Albania United States of America USA US-AZ Arizona Algeria DZA Algeria United States of America USA US-AR Arkansas American Samoa ASM American Samoa United States of America USA US-CA California Andorra AND Andorra United States of America USA US-CO Colorado Angola AGO Angola United States of America USA US-CT Connecticut Anguilla AIA Anguilla United States of America USA US-DE Delaware Antarctica ATA Antarctica United States of America USA US-DC District of Columbia Antigua and Barbuda ATG Antigua and Barbuda United States of America USA US-FL Florida Argentina ARG Argentina United States of America USA US-GA Georgia Armenia ARM Armenia United States of America USA US-HI Hawaii Aruba ABW Aruba United States of America USA US-ID Idaho Australia AUS Australia United States of America USA US-IL Illinois Austria AUT Austria United States of America USA US-IN Indiana Azerbaijan AZE Azerbaijan United States of America USA US-IA Iowa Bahamas BHS Bahamas United States of America USA US-KS Kansas Bahrain BHR Bahrain United States of America USA US-KY Kentucky Bangladesh BGD Bangladesh United States of America USA US-LA Louisiana Barbados -
The SPONTOON ISLAND WRITERS GUIDE Version - 1.6 © June 25Th, 2011 C.E
The SPONTOON ISLAND WRITERS GUIDE Version - 1.6 © June 25th, 2011 c.e. THIS IS A WORK IN PROGRESS -Please Help- Spontoon Island was created by Mr. Ken Fletcher With assistance and input by many Spontoon Creators - PLEASE SHARE - This file is copyright 2010-2011, as is all the material within it not specifically marked RELEASED TO PUBLIC DOMAIN. If there is not a specific copyright listed, it should be considered as 2010-2011 until corrected by its writer. Words in -itallics- are quotes from others works. Used only under the FAIR USE law. Where possible, the reference or writer is listed. See notes at the end of this file for Creators. If you find errors, need yourself added as the originator of something or wish to add material please write Mr. Dorrycott at [email protected] and add the subject line SPONTOON. Thank you. About Spontoon Island: Spontoon Island was created and is controlled by Mr. Ken Fletcher. The setting is in an alternate, fictional Anthropomorphic universe set in the 1930's. The emphasis is upon Amphibious aircraft, those who fly them and those who maintain them. Located in an warm current and almost directly West of Vancover, Canada, Spontoon Island and many islets around it have near tropical environments, though they do have cold seasons unlike say, Tahiti. Mr. Ken Fletcher is the person that you approach to enter this world, and who will escort you out (probably with a rusty bent boat hook) should you disobey the rules. 1 Table of Contents Section Contents Page 0 What’s New 3 1 Legal Stuff & General Guidelines -
ISO 3166-2 NEWSLETTER Changes in the List of Subdivision Names And
ISO 3166-2 NEWSLETTER Date: 2010-06-30 No II-2 Changes in the list of subdivision names and code elements The ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency1) has agreed to effect changes to the header information, the list of subdivision names or the code elements of various countries listed in ISO 3166-2:2007 Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions — Part 2: Country subdivision code. The changes are based on information obtained from either national sources of the countries concerned or on information gathered by the Panel of Experts for the Maintenance of ISO 3166-2. ISO 3166-2 Newsletters are issued by the secretariat of the ISO 3166/MA when changes in the code lists of ISO 3166-2 have been decided upon by the ISO 3166/MA. ISO 3166-2 Newsletters are identified by a two-component number, stating the currently valid edition of ISO 3166-2 in Roman numerals (starting with "I" for the first edition) followed by an Arabic numeral in consecutive order starting with "1" for each new newsletter of the current edition (e.g. "Newsletter II-1" for the first newsletter of the second edition, ISO 3166-2:2007). All the changes indicated in this Newsletter refer to changes to be made to ISO 3166-2:2007 as corrected by Newsletter II-1. For all countries affected a complete new entry is given in this Newsletter. A new entry replaces an old one in its entirety. The changes take effect on the date of publication of this Newsletter. The modified entries are listed from page 4 onwards. -
Country Codes in ISO 3166 Page 1 of 10 Country Codes in ISO 3166
Country codes in ISO 3166 Page 1 of 10 Country codes in ISO 3166 Page last modified: 2003-07-25 Data last modified: 2003-07-25 This file lists the codes for each country provided in ISO 3166. There are two tables: existing codes and withdrawn codes (codes can be withdrawn because the country no longer exists, the name has significantly changed, or one or more codes has altered). Each country or territory has three codes: l a two letter code l a three letter code l a three digit code The numeric code identifies a physical territory, and the letters a country name. Thus when Germany reunified, it kept DE/DEU but changed from 280 to 276, while when Southern Rhodesia was renamed Zimbabwe it stayed 716 but changed from RH/RHO to ZW/ZWE. There is also a numeric version of the two letter code not given here, calculated as 1070+30a+b, where a and b are the two letters of the code converted by A=1, B=2, etc. So AA=1101, AB=1102, BA=1131, and ZZ=1876. Changes to ISO 3166 are managed by the ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency (ISO3166/MA). Codes withdrawn from use may not be reused for five years. The two letter codes AA, QM to QZ, XA to XZ, and ZZ, all three letter codes beginning with those pairs, and numeric codes beginning 9, are available for individual use and will not be allocated to countries. The codes OO, OOO, and 000 are designated for use as "escape codes" to indicate that additional codes are being used. -
Dept. of State, 1910
National Archives and Records Administration 8601 Adelphi Road College Park, Maryland 20740-6001 DEPARTMENT OF STATE 1910-1963 Central Decimal File Country Numbers Country Country Country Country Notes Number Number Number 1910-1949 1950-1959 1960-1963 Abaco Island 44e 41f 41e Abdul Quiri 46a 46c 46c Island Abyssinia 84 75 75 Discontinued 1936. Restored 1942. Acklin Island 44e 41f 41f Adaels 51v 51v 51v Aden (colony and 46a 46c 46c protectorate) Adrar 52c 52c 52c Afghanistan 90h 89 89 Africa 80 70 70 Aland Islands 60d 60e 60e Also see "Scandinavia." Alaska 11h Discontinued 1959. See 11. Albania 75 67 67 Alberta 42g Generally not used. See 42. Algeria 51r 51s 51s Alhucemas 52f 52f 52f America. Pan- 10 America American Samoa 11e 11e 11e Amhara 65d 77 Beginning 1936. For prior years see 65a, 65b, and 84. Discontinued 1960. See 75. Amsterdam 51x 51x 51x Island Andaman Islands 45a 46a 46a Andorra 50c 50c 50c Andros Island 44e 41f 41f Anglo-Egyptian 48z 45w Prior to May 1938, see 83. Sudan Angola 53m 53n 53n Anguilla 44k 41k Discontinued January 1958. See 41j. Annam 51g 51g 51g Annobon 52e 52e 52e Antarctic 02 02 Antigua 44k 41k Discontinued January 1958. See 41j. Country Country Country Country Notes Number Number Number 1910-1949 1950-1959 1960-1963 Arab 86 86 League/Arab States Arabia 90b 86 86 Arctic 01 Discontinued 1955. See 03. Arctic 03 03 Beginning 1955. Argentine 35 35 35 Republic/ Argentina Armenia 60j Discontinued. See 61. Aruba 56b 56b 56b Ascension Island 49f 47f 47f Asia 90 90 90 Austral Islands 51n 51p 51p Australasia and 51y Established 1960. -
Initiation Plan
United Nations Development Programme Country/Region/Global: INDONESIA Initiation Plan Project Title: Archipelagic and Island States Forum Support Facility Expected UNDAF/CP Outcome(s): 3. By 2020, Indonesia is sustainably managing its natural resources, on land and at sea, with an increased resilience to the effects of climate change, disasters and other shocks Expected CPD Output(s): 3.8. Policy and Technical Guidance are in place for integrating climate change adaptation (CCA) and DRR into spatial and local development planning Initiation Plan Start/End Dates: September 1, 2019 to December 30 2019 Implementing Partner: UNDP Indonesia Brief Description This project aims to establish the Archipelagic and Island States (AIS) Forum’s Support Facility(“AISF-SF”), ensure its ability to operate effectively and also ensure effective implementation and achievement of its key services. Serving stakeholders from all over the world, the AISF-SF will be responsible for directing the Forum’s program of events, managing the AIS Fund Facility and other finances, maintaining relationships with Participants, and develop stakeholder networks. Throughout the project, gender mainstreaming considerations will be incorporated in all aspects of the project. During this PIP periode, the AIS Forum Project Document will be finalized and signed by relevant parties for implementation in until December 2021. Programme Period: 2019-2021 Total resources required USD 196.639* Total allocated resources: USD 196.639 Atlas Project ID: 00115025 Regular (UNDP) 0 Gov’t of Indonesia USD 196.639 Atlas Output ID: 00112805 Gender Marker: GEN 2 Unfunded budget: 0 In-kind Contributions 0 *Note: the Government of Indonesia will transfer the funds in IDR currency amounting IDR 2.786.966.800. -
Rafting: a Post-Flood Biogeographic Dispersal Mechanism
The Proceedings of the International Conference on Creationism Volume 5 Print Reference: Pages 465-478 Article 37 2003 Rafting: A Post-Flood Biogeographic Dispersal Mechanism Kurt P. Wise Bryan College Matthew Croxton Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/icc_proceedings DigitalCommons@Cedarville provides a publication platform for fully open access journals, which means that all articles are available on the Internet to all users immediately upon publication. However, the opinions and sentiments expressed by the authors of articles published in our journals do not necessarily indicate the endorsement or reflect the views of DigitalCommons@Cedarville, the Centennial Library, or Cedarville University and its employees. The authors are solely responsible for the content of their work. Please address questions to [email protected]. Browse the contents of this volume of The Proceedings of the International Conference on Creationism. Recommended Citation Wise, Kurt P. and Croxton, Matthew (2003) "Rafting: A Post-Flood Biogeographic Dispersal Mechanism," The Proceedings of the International Conference on Creationism: Vol. 5 , Article 37. Available at: https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/icc_proceedings/vol5/iss1/37 RAFTING: A POST-FLOOD BIOGEOGRAPHIC DISPERSAL MECHANISM KURT P. WISE, Ph.D. MATTHEW CROXTON CENTER FOR ORIGINS RESEARCH AND EDUCATION 1201 E. SANDALWOOD DR. NORTH BRYAN COLLEGE, BOX 7802 PLANT CITY, FL 33563-8868 DAYTON, TN 37321-7000 [email protected] [email protected] KEYWORDS: post-Flood, biogeography, rafting, ocean currents, intrabaraminic diversification, endemism, dispersal, disjunction. ABSTRACT Although biogeography has contributed important data to the debate on biological origins for centuries, global biogeographic models have had poor success at explaining biogeographic data. -
Name Sequence
Name Sequence PART I: NAME SEQUENCE Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates : Emirate) Afghanistan [a-af] ã USE Ab Z. aby (United Arab Emirates : Africa [f] Emirate) Africa, Central [fc] ã Ab Z. aby (United Arab Emirates: Emirate) UF Central Africa Assigned code: Africa, East [a-ts] United Arab Emirates Assigned code: UF Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates : [fe] Africa, Eastern Emirate) UF British East Africa Abyssinia East Africa USE Ethiopia Africa, Eastern [fe] A.C.T. UF Eastern Africa USE Australian Capital Territory Africa, Equatorial Açores USE Africa, French-speaking Equatorial USE Azores Africa, French-speaking Equatorial [fq] Adamawa (Emirate) UF Africa, Equatorial Assigned code: French Equatorial Africa [f-cm] Cameroon French-speaking Equatorial Africa [f-nr] Nigeria Africa, French-speaking West Aden Assigned code: [Coded [a-ys] (Yemen (People’s [fw] Africa, West Democratic Republic) before Oct. 1992] UF French-speaking West Africa Assigned code: French West Africa [a-ye] Yemen (Republic) Africa, Italian East Aden (Protectorate) USE Africa, Northeast [Coded [a-ys] (Yemen (People’s Africa, North [ff] Democratic Republic) before Oct. 1992] UF North Africa Assigned code: Africa, Northeast [fh] [a-ye] Yemen (Republic) UF Africa, Italian East Aden, Gulf of East African Horn Assigned code: Italian East Africa [mr] Red Sea Northeast Africa UF Gulf of Aden Africa, Northwest Admiralty Islands (Papua New Guinea) Assigned code: Assigned code: [ff] Africa, North [a-pp] Papua New Guinea [fw] Africa, West Adriatic Sea UF Northwest Africa Assigned code: