Intellectual Capital Report 2005 Committed to Sustainability REG.NO
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The Structure of Quarks and Leptons
The Structure of Quarks and Leptons They have been , considered the elementary particles ofmatter, but instead they may consist of still smaller entities confjned within a volume less than a thousandth the size of a proton by Haim Harari n the past 100 years the search for the the quark model that brought relief. In imagination: they suggest a way of I ultimate constituents of matter has the initial formulation of the model all building a complex world out of a few penetrated four layers of structure. hadrons could be explained as combina simple parts. All matter has been shown to consist of tions of just three kinds of quarks. atoms. The atom itself has been found Now it is the quarks and leptons Any theory of the elementary particles to have a dense nucleus surrounded by a themselves whose proliferation is begin fl. of matter must also take into ac cloud of electrons. The nucleus in turn ning to stir interest in the possibility of a count the forces that act between them has been broken down into its compo simpler-scheme. Whereas the original and the laws of nature that govern the nent protons and neutrons. More recent model had three quarks, there are now forces. Little would be gained in simpli ly it has become apparent that the pro thought to be at least 18, as well as six fying the spectrum of particles if the ton and the neutron are also composite leptons and a dozen other particles that number of forces and laws were thereby particles; they are made up of the small act as carriers of forces. -
AND NAPIER GRASS (Pennisetum Purpureum) AS BARRIERS AGAINST RUNOFF and SOIL LOSS on a CLAY LOAM SOIL in KENYA
PERFORMANCE OF NARROW STRIPS OF VETIVER GRASS (Vetiveria zizanioides) AND NAPIER GRASS (Pennisetum purpureum) AS BARRIERS AGAINST RUNOFF AND SOIL LOSS ON A CLAY LOAM SOIL IN KENYA. By James Owino, Universität für Bodenkultur, Wien Ralph Gretzmacher , Universität für Bodenkultur, Wien SOIL EROSION PROBLEM ] Soil loss ] Nutrient loss ] Pollution ] Physical damage to crops ] Reduced water holding capacity SOIL LOSS Area Soil loss in t ha-1yr-1 Europe 10-20 ] In Kenya up to very high soil United States 16 loss values have been reported Asia, Africa and 20-40 on steep slopes South America ] 247 t ha-1yr-1(Gachene, 1995) East African 50-70 ] 93.5 t ha-1yr-1(Schneider 1993) Highlands East African 10-25 coastal regions Kenya 15-40 POTENTIAL WATER EROSION HAZARD IN KENYA ] Rainfall ] Soil type ] Topography ] Cropping & management ] Control practice SOIL CONSERVATION MEASURES ] Agronomic measures ] Structural measures ] Vegetative measures ] Management measures Strip cropping Check dam-Gabion Grass strip ADVANTAGES OF VEGETATIVE MEASURES ] Cheap but effective ] Easy to establish ] Causes less soil disturbance during ] Grows stronger with time as vegetation becomes established ] Self-repairing by regeneration and growth EFFECTIVENESS OF VEGETATIVE MEASURES Effect of different conservation techniques in reducing soil loss at different locations in Ethiopia Treatment Percent (%) soil loss reduction Control 0 Graded bunds 32 ‘Fanya juu’ 54 Grass strips 66 Level bunds 80 Level ‘fanya juu’ 89 SOURCE: Berhe (1993) EFFECTIVENESS OF VEGETATIVE MEASURES Relative -
Israel Prize
Year Winner Discipline 1953 Gedaliah Alon Jewish studies 1953 Haim Hazaz literature 1953 Ya'akov Cohen literature 1953 Dina Feitelson-Schur education 1953 Mark Dvorzhetski social science 1953 Lipman Heilprin medical science 1953 Zeev Ben-Zvi sculpture 1953 Shimshon Amitsur exact sciences 1953 Jacob Levitzki exact sciences 1954 Moshe Zvi Segal Jewish studies 1954 Schmuel Hugo Bergmann humanities 1954 David Shimoni literature 1954 Shmuel Yosef Agnon literature 1954 Arthur Biram education 1954 Gad Tedeschi jurisprudence 1954 Franz Ollendorff exact sciences 1954 Michael Zohary life sciences 1954 Shimon Fritz Bodenheimer agriculture 1955 Ödön Pártos music 1955 Ephraim Urbach Jewish studies 1955 Isaac Heinemann Jewish studies 1955 Zalman Shneur literature 1955 Yitzhak Lamdan literature 1955 Michael Fekete exact sciences 1955 Israel Reichart life sciences 1955 Yaakov Ben-Tor life sciences 1955 Akiva Vroman life sciences 1955 Benjamin Shapira medical science 1955 Sara Hestrin-Lerner medical science 1955 Netanel Hochberg agriculture 1956 Zahara Schatz painting and sculpture 1956 Naftali Herz Tur-Sinai Jewish studies 1956 Yigael Yadin Jewish studies 1956 Yehezkel Abramsky Rabbinical literature 1956 Gershon Shufman literature 1956 Miriam Yalan-Shteklis children's literature 1956 Nechama Leibowitz education 1956 Yaakov Talmon social sciences 1956 Avraham HaLevi Frankel exact sciences 1956 Manfred Aschner life sciences 1956 Haim Ernst Wertheimer medicine 1957 Hanna Rovina theatre 1957 Haim Shirman Jewish studies 1957 Yohanan Levi humanities 1957 Yaakov -
Braided Fermions from Hurwitz Algebras
Braided fermions from Hurwitz algebras Niels G Gresnigt Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Department of Mathematical Sciences. 111 Ren'ai Road, Dushu Lake Science and Education Innovation District, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. Some curious structural similarities between a recent braid- and Hurwitz algebraic description of the unbroken internal symmetries for a single generations of Standard Model fermions were recently identified. The non-trivial braid groups that can be represented using c the four normed division algebras are B2 and B3, exactly those required to represent a single generation of fermions in terms of simple three strand ribbon braids. These braided fermion states can be identified with the basis states of the minimal left ideals of the Clifford algebra C`(6), generated from the nested left actions of the complex octonions C ⊗ O on itself. That is, the ribbon spectrum can be related to octonion algebras. Some speculative ideas relating to ongoing research that attempts to construct a unified theory based on braid groups and Hurwitz algebras are discussed. 1. Introduction Leptons and quarks are identified with representations of the gauge group U(1)Y × SU(2)L × SU(3)C in the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. Despite its success in accurately describing and predicting experimental observations, this gauge group lacks a theoretical basis. Why has Nature chosen these gauge groups from an infinite set of Lie groups, and why do only some representations correspond to physical states? A second shortcoming of the SM is the lack of gravity, or equivalently, its unification with General Relativity (GR). -
2004 Institut Für Pflanzenbau Und Pflanzenzüchtung
Institut für Pflanzenbau und Pflanzenzüchtung Universität für Bodenkultur Wien TÄTIGKEITSBERICHT 2003 - 2004 1 Institut für Pflanzenbau und Pflanzenzüchtung Universität für Bodenkultur Wien Gregor Mendelstraße 33 1180 Wien Österreich Gestaltung und redaktionelle Bearbeitung: W. Fischer (Titelfotos: W. Fischer, C. Bruckner-Pertl, H. Grausgruber) 2 Inhaltsverzeichnis 1. Institutsgeschichte ..................................................................................................................... 4 2. Organisation, Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter ...................................................................... 6 3. Lehrveranstaltungen .................................................................................................................. 8 3.1 Pflicht- und Wahlfächer, Freifächer .............................................................................................. 8 3.2 Seminare (Diplomanden-, Dissertanten- und Praxisseminare) .................................................. 10 4. Gastvorträge am Institut .......................................................................................................... 12 5. Diplomarbeiten und Dissertationen ........................................................................................ 12 5.1 Diplomarbeiten ............................................................................................................................ 12 6. Publikationen ........................................................................................................................... -
RESULTS Haim Harari Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel and Stanford Linear Accele
THEORETICAL INTERPRETATION OF e+e- RESULTS Haim Harari Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel and Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University Stanford, California, U.S.A. Summary First Generation Fermions: Are quarks and leptons Recent experimental results and theoretical ideas pointlike? Do quarks come in three colors? Do they related to e+e- scattering are reviewed. have the "usual" charges of i and - j-? Second Generation Fermions: Is the right-handed muon 1. INTRODUCTION: A Long List of Answerable Questions in an SU(2) x U(l) singlet? Is the cs current a V-A The study of electron-positron collisions has current? What is the cc potential? Where are the gradually become the most productive experimental pseudoscalar charmonium states? Do semileptonic D-decays method of uncovering new particles and new phenomena. proceed mainly to strange particles, as predicted by Beginning with the "November revolution" of 1974 and GIM? What are the features of nonleptonic D-decays? continuing at an incredibly rapid pace since that What are the properties of F+, A+ , L etc? time, the 1JJ family, the T-lepton, the D+ and DO, c c Third Generation Fermions: Does the top quark exist, various D*'s and possibly F+ were discovered in e+e and if so, what is its mass? Do B-mesons and T-mesons collisions, while the T-states, the charmed baryons as exist? Are the charged currents involving t and b, well as quark jets and now gluon jets have been studied. left-handed? What are the values of the generalized Our present theoretical picture of the fundamental Cabibbo angles 8 ,8 and the Kobayashi-Maskawa phase particles and their interactions is very compact. -
Legendäre Professoren
Umschlag:Umschlag 02.07.2008 09:00 Seite 2 Sommerausgabe 2008 Titelbild: Haroun Moalla / BOKU alumni Peter Lechner Abfallwirtschaft Stefanie Tschegg Physik Herbert Hager Forstwirtschaftliche Produktion Legendäre Professoren Hanno Richter Allgemeine Botanik Wolfgang Holzner Spezielle Botanik Eva Schulev-Steindl Allgemeine Rechtslehre Wer diese sind und was sie kennzeichnet Rudolf Schwingenschlögl Geologie Übungen Wolfgang Ruppert Mathematik und Darstellende Geometrie Hans-Martin Steiner Zoologie (von links nach rechts) Akakiko: Ein Unternehmen mit Fantasie Wie die erfolgreiche Sushi-Kette mit einem Forstwirtschafts-Absolventen begann Die Gesichter des neuen Universitätsrats Welchen Bezug sie zur BOKU haben und was sie sich vornehmen Erscheinungsort Wien Verlagspostamt 1180 Wien alumnimagJuni08:alumnimagJuni08.qxd 01.07.2008 16:25 Seite 2 8.551 km2 machen ganz schön Arbeit. ARBEITGEBER Schon der Name „Österreichische“ Bundesforste gibt zu verstehen, dass es bei der Pflege und Bewirtschaftung der heimischen Flächen um Österreich geht. Seine Umwelt. Seine Wirtschaft. Seine Gesellschaft. Eine Aufgabe, die von über 1.200 Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeitern im ganzen Land bewerkstelligt wird. www.bundesforste.at 7 alumnimagJuni08:alumnimagJuni08.qxd 01.07.2008 16:26 Seite 3 Editorial Inhalt Die Titelseite hat es verraten, diese Ausga- Intern: be widmet sich den legendären Professo- Editorial 3 ren an der BOKU. Wir haben mittels Mai- Impressum 3 lumfrage bei den alumni Mitgliedern Fussballsponsoring 12 erhoben, wer Ihrer Meinung nach legen- Was tut sich bei alumni? 31 där ist und warum. Das Ergebnis liegt nun Wir begrüßen unsere neuen Mitglieder 31 vor, wobei wir gestehen müssen, es um weibliche Professorinnen ergänzt zu ha- thema: ben. Eine der neuen weiblichen Professo- Legendäre Professoren 14 ren an der BOKU ist Frau Prof. -
CGIAR.'Sfuture a New Vision for 2010 Public Disclosure Authorized
22737 Public Disclosure Authorized Summary of Proceedings and Decisions July 2000 MTM 2000 Dresden, Germany May 21-26, 2000 Public Disclosure Authorized Charting the CGIAR.'sFuture A New Vision for 2010 Public Disclosure Authorized 4 ~FILE COPY CGIAR UV Public Disclosure Authorized Consultative (Troup on International Agricultural Research CGIAR Centers Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT) Cali, COLOMBIA Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) * Jakarta, INDONESIA Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maiz y Trigo (CIMMYT) - Mexico City, MEXICO Centro Internacional de la Papa (CIP) * Lima, PERU International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) Aleppo, SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management (ICLARM) * Penang, MALAYSIA International Centre for Research in Agroforestry (ICRAF) * Nairobi, KENYA International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) * Patancheru. INDIA International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) - Washington, DC, USA International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) -Ibadan, NIGERIA International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) * Nairobi, KENYA International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) * Rome, ITALY International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) * Los Banos, PHILIPPINES International Service for National Agricultural Research (ISNAR) * The Hague, NETHERLANDS International Water Management Institute (IWMI) - Colombo, SRI LANKA West Africa Rice Development Association (WARDA) - Bouake, COTE D'IVOIRE CGIAR2000 Mid-TermMeeting Dresden, Germany, May 21-26 Summaryof Proceedingsand Decisions Charting the CGIAR 's Future A New Vision for 2010 Issued by the CGIAR Secretariat The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW, Washington,DC 20433 * USA Telephone:1-202-473-8951 * Fax: 1-202-473-8110 E-mail:[email protected] or [email protected] www.cgiar.org July 2000 Contents I. -
Generation Mixing and CP-Violation - Standard and Beyond*
SLAC-PUB-4327 May 1987 T/E Generation Mixing and CP-Violation - Standard and Beyond* HAIM HARARI* Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94,905 ABSTRACT We discuss several issues related to the observed generation pattern of quarks and leptons. Among the main topics: Masses, angles and phases and possible relations among them, a possible fourth generation of quarks and leptons, new bounds on neutrino masses, comments on the recently observed mixing in the B - B system, CP- violation, and recent proposals for a b-quark “factory”. Invited talk presented at Les. Rencontres de Physique de la Vallee d’Aosta, La Thuile, Aosta Valley, Italy, March l-7, 1987 * Work supported by the Department of Energy, contract DE-AC03-76SF00515. -M On leave from the Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel Table of Contents 1. Introduction. _ 2. Counting the Parameters of the Standard Model. 3. Masses and Angles: Experimental Values and Numerology. 4. A Recommended Choice of Mixing Angles and Phases. - 5. Why Do We Expect Relations Between Masses and Angles. 6. Trying to Derive Relations Between Masses and Angles. 7. A Fourth Generation of Quarks and Leptons? Y 8. New Bounds on Neutrino Masses. 9. B - I? Mixing and CP Vidlation in the B system. 10. A b-quark “factory” - Why, How and When? 11. Concluding Remarks. 1. Introduction Among all the open problems of the standard model, none is more intriguing and frustrating than the generation puzzle. The puzzle itself has been with us, in one form or another, for the last forty years or so, since it was realized that the “p-meson” is actually a lepton. -
Tätigkeitsbericht 2000
InstitutfürPflanzenbau undPflanzenzüchtung Universitätfür BodenkulturWien TÄTIGKEITSBERICHT 1999-2000 Institut für Pflanzenbau und Pflanzenzüchtung Universität für Bodenkultur Wien Gregor Mendel-Straße 33 A-1180 Wien Österreich Gestaltung und redaktionelle Bearbeitung: W. FISCHER, F. GANSBERGER (Titelfotos: W. FISCHER, C. BRUCKNER-PERTL, H. GRAUSGRUBER) TÄTIGKEITSBERICHT 10/1999 - 09/2000 Institut für Pflanzenbau und Pflanzenzüchtung (IPP) 3 Inhaltsverzeichnis Vorwort ............................................................................................................................. 4 1. Institutsgeschichte ............................................................................................................ 5 2. Organisation und Mitarbeiter ............................................................................................ 7 2.1 Organigramm ...................................................................................................................... 7 2.2 Mitarbeiter im Rahmen der Lehrtätigkeit ................................................................................ 8 2.3 Personelle Ereignisse im Berichtszeitraum ............................................................................ 8 3. Lehrveranstaltungen ......................................................................................................... 9 3.1 Vorlesungen, Übungen und Exkursionen ............................................................................... 9 3.2 Diplomandenseminare ...................................................................................................... -
Particle Physics Models with Four Generations
Pro gradu -tutkielma Teoreettinen fysiikka Particle physics models with four generations Hanna Grönqvist 2012 Ohjaaja: Prof. Katri Huitu Tarkastajat: Prof. Katri Huitu Prof. Paul Hoyer HELSINGIN YLIOPISTO FYSIIKAN LAITOS PL 64 (Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2) 00014 Helsingin yliopisto 2 Contents I Perliminaries 5 1 Motivation 7 1.1 Historical overview – the ‘discovery’ of the standard model............... 7 1.2 Problems of the standard model solved by a fourth generation............. 10 1.2.1 Naturalness ................................... 12 1.2.2 Flavor democracy – a solution to the naturalness problem ........... 14 1.2.3 Electroweak Precision Data . ...... 15 1.3 Unitarity constraints on the fourth generation . ............... 17 2 The Standard Model 21 2.1 Quantum chromodynamics . ...... 21 2.1.1 Gauge fixing and Faddeev–Popov ghosts . ....... 22 2.1.2 Renormalization and asymptotic freedom . ......... 24 2.2 Local SU(2) and U(1) symmetries ............................ 25 2.2.1 Isospinsymmetry............................... 25 2.2.2 Quantum electrodynamics . ..... 26 2.3 Spontaneous symmetry breaking . ........ 26 2.3.1 TheHiggsmechanism ............................. 27 2.4 The Glashow–Weinberg–Salam model . ........ 29 2.5 Quark and lepton mixing . ..... 31 2.5.1 Thequarksector ................................ 31 2.5.2 Beyond the SM: mixing in the lepton sector . ....... 33 II The minimal four–generation model 39 3 Phenomenology of the fourth family 41 3.1 Mixing of the fourth family with the first three ones . ............. 41 3.1.1 Sources for constraints . ...... 41 3.1.2 Possible parameter space . ...... 43 3.2 Higgs production and partial decay widths . ............ 47 3.2.1 Higgs production at hadron colliders . ......... 47 3.2.2 Branching fractions . 51 3.2.3 Searches for the Higgs and the fourth family . -
Israel Hasbara Committee 01/12/2009 20:53
Israel Hasbara Committee 01/12/2009 20:53 Updated 27 November 2008 Not logged in Please click here to login or register Alphabetical List of Authors (IHC News, 23 Oct. 2007) Aaron Hanscom Aaron Klein Aaron Velasquez Abraham Bell Abraham H. Miller Adam Hanft Addison Gardner ADL Aish.com Staff Akbar Atri Akiva Eldar Alan Dershowitz Alan Edelstein Alan M. Dershowitz Alasdair Palmer Aleksandra Fliegler Alexander Maistrovoy Alex Fishman Alex Grobman Alex Rose Alex Safian, PhD Alireza Jafarzadeh Alistair Lyon Aluf Benn Ambassador Dan Gillerman Ambassador Dan Gillerman, Permanent Representative of Israel to the United Nations AMCHA American Airlines Pilot - Captain John Maniscalco Amihai Zippor Amihai Zippor. Ami Isseroff Amiram Barkat Amir Taheri Amnon Rubinstein Amos Asa-el Amos Harel Anav Silverman Andrea Sragg Simantov Andre Oboler Andrew Higgins Andrew Roberts Andrew White Anis Shorrosh Anne Bayefsky Anshel Pfeffer Anthony David Marks Anthony David Marks and Hannah Amit AP and Herb Keinon Ari Shavit and Yuval Yoaz Arlene Peck Arnold Reisman Arutz Sheva Asaf Romirowsky Asaf Romirowsky and Jonathan Spyer http://www.infoisrael.net/authors.html Page 1 of 34 Israel Hasbara Committee 01/12/2009 20:53 Assaf Sagiv Associated Press Aviad Rubin Avi Goldreich Avi Jorisch Avraham Diskin Avraham Shmuel Lewin A weekly Torah column from the OU's Torah Tidbits Ayaan Hirsi Ali Azar Majedi B'nai Brith Canada Barak Ravid Barry Rubin Barry Shaw BBC BBC News Ben-Dror Yemini Benjamin Weinthal Benny Avni Benny Morris Berel Wein Bernard Lewis Bet Stephens BICOM Bill Mehlman Bill Oakfield Bob Dylan Bob Unruh Borderfire Report Boris Celser Bradley Burston Bret Stephens BRET STEPHENS Bret Stevens Brian Krebs Britain Israel Communications Research Center (BICOM) British Israel Communications & Research Centre (BICOM) Brooke Goldstein Brooke M.