DOCSLIB.ORG

Robotic Developments for Extreme Environments – Deep Sea and Earth’S Moon

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Robotic Developments for Extreme Environments – Deep Sea and Earth’S Moon Robotic Developments for Extreme Environments – Deep Sea and Earth’s Moon B. Schäfer*, J. Albiez**, M. Hellerer*, M. Knapmeyer***, G. Meinecke****, O. Pfannkuche*****, L. Thomsen******, M. Wilde*******, T. Wimböck*, T. van Zoest******** *German Aerospace Center (DLR), Robotics and Mechatronics Center, Wessling, Germany e-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] **DFKI GmbH – Robotics Innovation Center (RIC), Bremen, Germany e-mail: [email protected] ***German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Planetary Research, Berlin, Germany e-mail: [email protected] ****MARUM – Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Bremen, Germany e-mail: [email protected] *****GEOMAR – Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany e-mail: [email protected] ******Jacobs University Bremen (JUB), Bremen, Germany e-mail: [email protected] *******AWI – Alfred-Wegener-Institute, Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany e-mail: [email protected] ********German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Space Systems, Bremen, Germany e-mail: [email protected] Abstract gies to improve the exploration of areas with extreme environmental conditions such as the deep sea, polar re- Robotic Exploration of Extreme Environments gions, and Earth's moon surface. This is a real unique (ROBEX) is a nationally funded Helmholtz alliance pro- endeavour to bring two different worlds together and to ject. It brings together space and deep-sea research insti- benefit from each other’s technological developments. tutions. The project partners are jointly developing tech- These technologies consider robotic developments and nologies for the exploration of highly inaccessible terrain, autonomous operations in deep underwater areas and on such as the deep sea and polar regions, as well as the Moon’s surface. The main idea behind is the develop- Moon and other planets. In order to increase the science ment of advanced exploration scenarios and finally its return from robotic systems used for exploration, more realization by demo-missions on Earth on relevant ana- sophisticated designs are needed which go beyond the logue sites. For that we wish to learn and benefit from present state-of-the-art. Advanced exploration scenarios the experience and expertise of each of the partners of are defined that finally will lead to demonstration mis- the two communities. This research alliance is config- sions on Earth analogue sites. Both communities expect ured to last for at least five years. In the meanwhile, we to highly benefit from each others developments, exper- have learned about the problems, further R&D desires tise and maturity of existing robotic systems, and those and existing solutions of different maturity levels in the being under development. two extreme areas. Autonomous operations, mobility and manipulabil- 1 Introduction ity are the three key issues to be covered. Long-range and long-time exploration of both extreme environments, Since the end of 2012, fifteen institutions distrib- in deep sea and on Earth’s Moon, require advanced mo- uted all over Germany are jointly developing technolo- bile systems in combination with skilled robotic arms that operate almost or fully autonomously [1]. In be established that gives rise to future increase of the ex- deep-sea applications several mobile systems, Autono- isting robotic capabilities. The common scenario will mous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs, Figure 1) and Re- foresee the exploration of larger areas of the seafloor and motely Operated Vehicles (ROVs, Figure 2), are already on the Moon surface, almost autonomously, by specific successfully in operation for many years, although most- scientific instruments that are transported by means of ly with very limited autonomous capabilities [2,3,4]. In vehicles and handled by robotic arms and versatile grip- space, the use of mobile systems is very rare, obviously pers. because of minor launch opportunities and high launch These two scenarios will be described in more de- and development costs. However, due to lack of direct tail hereafter. Both Moon and deep-sea scenarios will be and immediate in-situ involvement by humans, space studied and developed in two ways in parallel: one en- robotic systems benefit from their highly developed and visages an ideal scenario that aims to acquire and realize redundant components and increased autonomy in order the overall system more or less in a visionary manner, to operate without permanent human interaction [1,5]. but with regard to potential hardware and software con- straints. The second scenario then will be derived from the ideal one while slimming and reducing visionary ideas in order to achieve a realizable demo-mission here on Earth within the timeframe given for the ROBEX Al- liance project. Apart from the work on the specific sce- narios, further robotic study topics have been identified that will be investigated within certain design teams con- sisting of experts from all the topics. Those teams will study relevant robotic and mechatronic problem areas such as: tele-operated handling, camera guided intelli- gent grappler, docking interfaces, crawler (Figure 3) au- tonomy, object handling, underwater glider, legged crawler, and underwater navigation. Figure 1. AUV Abyss (GEOMAR) Figure 3. Deep-sea crawler in operation with data and power umbilical 2 Commonalities and Differences 2.1 General overview Exploration of deep sea and lunar environments re- quires un-manned mobile and manipulative systems that Figure 2. ROV PHOCA with 2 robotic arms are able to be tele-operated or even operated in semi- or Having all this in mind, the cooperation of the two fully autonomous modes. By nature, deep-sea applica- extreme exploration areas is expected to identify indi- tions are much more advanced compared to space appli- vidual and also common problem areas and to solve them cations. However, a limited number of such systems are by benefitting from each other. To start the cooperative already operating quite successfully on Mars. High mo- work, a common and typical exploration scenario has to bility, precise and skilled manipulability and autonomous operations of the robotic systems at very remote sites are required sub-components for the specific scenarios. For therefore important for successful exploration. In today´s robotics and mechatronics engineers in space applica- world robotic systems already explore the deep sea as tions, the distinction in the 3 major fields seems obvious: ROVs and AUVs, gliders and rovers/crawlers from ships, mobility, manipulation and autonomy. However, overlaps or even as components of a cabled observatory. are inherent and desired, e.g. in autonomous robotic arm To reach the goal of autonomous robotic exploration operations. In space, we mostly follow this (smart) dis- in both extreme environments while taking benefit from tinction. In deep sea, systems often are procured as a each other, we have to identify commonalities w.r.t. whole, whereas mobility, manipulation and some level of technological solutions, identify gaps in deep sea and autonomy is included in the delivery by the supplier. space technology, create operational (pilot) scenarios Moreover, the procured systems mostly allow some given the scientific needs, and finally define and develop flexibility by adding own solutions. Table 1. Common and different features in deep sea and space exploration missions Feature Deep Sea Earth’s Moon environment physi- high pressure, ~ 600 bar (6 km depth), high drag no pressure, no drag (vacuum) cal salty water no atmosphere almost no radiation solar wind / radiation (high energy radiation, particles, …) almost constant temperature around/above zero extreme temp. differences: -160 … +130 deg deg buoyancy vacuum visibility poor, only for short range visibility excellent, except shadowed areas and bright sunlight no static environment: moving particles, floating static environment: no dust, no storms, etc. objects, ocean currents terrain unknown, uneven on seafloor terrain unknown and uneven low gravity (1/6 g) slow Moon rotation (1/28 of Earth rotation) communication via cable cables not preferred acoustic waves (sonar) electromagnetic waves (RF) almost no time delay time delay power power cables solar power (solar panels) batteries secondary batteries (RTGs) autonomous opera- almost no time delay: tele-operation possible large time delay: tele-operation / direct control tions direct intervention possible (from ship) au- almost impossible tonomy less required no direct intervention autonomy required redundancy low, due to direct intervention for repair or change high, due to fail-safe demands and no direct intervention for change availability of oper- high (AUVs, ROVs, else), long tradition of usage extremely low, due to little launch opportuni- ational systems ties and high costs, applications are largely missing complexity of sys- medium to big very big tems mass no big issue light-weight structures etc. a must, due to launch impacts frame structure big issue, has to withstand high water pressure light-weight required, has to withstand launch loads system intelligence medium very high, due to autonomy and self-diagnosis demands 2.2 Common and different features reasons. The ROBEX project then will be finalized with the demonstration mission on Earth analogue sites, while Due to the very different environmental conditions, it putting several of these existing and modified hardware seems that differences are quite more prevailing than equipments
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Environmental Assessment
    PROPOSED ACTION: Issuance of an Incidental Harassment Authorization to the United States Geological Service to Take Marine Mammals by Harassment Incidental to a Marine Geophysical Survey in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean TYPE OF STATEMENT: Environmental Assessment LEAD AGENCY: U.S. Department of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service RESPONSIBLE OFFICIAL: Donna S. Wieting, Director, Office of Protected Resources, National Marine Fisheries Service FOR FURTHER INFORMATION: Jonathan Molineaux National Marine Fisheries Service Office of Protected Resources Permits and Conservation Division 1315 East West Highway Silver Spring, MD 20910 301-427-8401 LOCATION: Northwest Atlantic Ocean ABSTRACT: This Environmental Assessment analyzes the environmental impacts of the National Marine Fisheries Service, Office of Protected Resources proposals to issue an Incidental Harassment Authorization (IHA) to the United States Geological Service by Level B harassment of small numbers of marine mammals incidental to a marine geophysical survey in the northwest Atlantic Ocean. The IHA would be valid from August 8, 2018 through August 7, 2019. DATE: July 2018 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 Introduction and Purpose and Need ................................................................................. 4 1.1. Background ................................................................................................................................... 4 1.2. Applicant’s Incidental Take Authorization Request ....................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Future Ocean Report Scientific Advisory Board Meeting
    FUTURE OCEAN REPORT Scientific Advisory Board Meeting 24th – 25th September 2013 Steigenberger Conti-Hansa Schloßgarten 7, 24103 Kiel, Germany | 1 2 | Future Ocean Report | Editorial DEAR FUTURE OCEAN ADVISORY BOARD MEMBERS, We are very happy to welcome you to the upcoming meeting of the Scientific Advisory Board on September 24 and 25, 2013 in Kiel and are looking forward to discussing ongoing progress and future strategies of “The Future Ocean” cluster with you. In this document we have strived to compile ongoing and envisioned future activities of the Future Ocean. Although we have tried to keep this document short and focused in order to allow you to read through everything that happened, we have failed to keep it the volume we had envisioned – there is just too much going on. We ne- vertheless hope that you will be able to read through some of our activities, share your ideas and suggestions with us, and maybe get some inspiration for your own activities. In this way we hope to experience a mutually interesting meeting for all of us in September in Kiel. We sincerely look forward to your visit. Yours, Martin Visbeck and Ralph Schneider Editorial | 3 Editorial 02 Introduction 06 RESEARCH TOPICS R1 Our Common Future Ocean 08 R2 Ocean Governance 12 R3 Ocean Resources 15 R4 Ocean Innovation 19 R5 Ocean Sinks 23 R6 Dangerous Ocean 27 R7 Ocean Interfaces 30 R8 Evolving Ocean 33 R9 Ocean Controls 36 R10 Ocean Observations 39 R11 Predicted Ocean 42 4 | Future Ocean Report | Content CENTRAL SERVICES S1 Internationalization 46 S2 Knowledge
    [Show full text]
  • ASFIS ISSCAAP Fish List February 2007 Sorted on Scientific Name
    ASFIS ISSCAAP Fish List Sorted on Scientific Name February 2007 Scientific name English Name French name Spanish Name Code Abalistes stellaris (Bloch & Schneider 1801) Starry triggerfish AJS Abbottina rivularis (Basilewsky 1855) Chinese false gudgeon ABB Ablabys binotatus (Peters 1855) Redskinfish ABW Ablennes hians (Valenciennes 1846) Flat needlefish Orphie plate Agujón sable BAF Aborichthys elongatus Hora 1921 ABE Abralia andamanika Goodrich 1898 BLK Abralia veranyi (Rüppell 1844) Verany's enope squid Encornet de Verany Enoploluria de Verany BLJ Abraliopsis pfefferi (Verany 1837) Pfeffer's enope squid Encornet de Pfeffer Enoploluria de Pfeffer BJF Abramis brama (Linnaeus 1758) Freshwater bream Brème d'eau douce Brema común FBM Abramis spp Freshwater breams nei Brèmes d'eau douce nca Bremas nep FBR Abramites eques (Steindachner 1878) ABQ Abudefduf luridus (Cuvier 1830) Canary damsel AUU Abudefduf saxatilis (Linnaeus 1758) Sergeant-major ABU Abyssobrotula galatheae Nielsen 1977 OAG Abyssocottus elochini Taliev 1955 AEZ Abythites lepidogenys (Smith & Radcliffe 1913) AHD Acanella spp Branched bamboo coral KQL Acanthacaris caeca (A. Milne Edwards 1881) Atlantic deep-sea lobster Langoustine arganelle Cigala de fondo NTK Acanthacaris tenuimana Bate 1888 Prickly deep-sea lobster Langoustine spinuleuse Cigala raspa NHI Acanthalburnus microlepis (De Filippi 1861) Blackbrow bleak AHL Acanthaphritis barbata (Okamura & Kishida 1963) NHT Acantharchus pomotis (Baird 1855) Mud sunfish AKP Acanthaxius caespitosa (Squires 1979) Deepwater mud lobster Langouste
    [Show full text]
  • Benthic O2 Uptake of Two Cold-Water Coral Communities Estimated with the Non-Invasive Eddy Correlation Technique
    Vol. 525: 97–104, 2015 MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Published April 9 doi: 10.3354/meps11211 Mar Ecol Prog Ser OPENPEN ACCESSCCESS Benthic O2 uptake of two cold-water coral communities estimated with the non-invasive eddy correlation technique Lorenzo Rovelli1,*, Karl M. Attard2,3, Lee D. Bryant4,8, Sascha Flögel4, Henrik Stahl1,9, J. Murray Roberts1,5,6, Peter Linke4, Ronnie N. Glud1,2,3,7 1Scottish Association for Marine Sciences, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban PA37 1QA, UK 2Nordic Centre for Earth Evolution (NordCEE), University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark 3Greenland Climate Research Centre, Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, 3900 Nuuk, Greenland 4GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, 24148 Kiel, Germany 5Centre for Marine Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK 6Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28409, USA 7Arctic Research Centre, University of Århus, 8000 Århus C, Denmark 8Present address: Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK 9Present address: Zayed University, Dubai Academic City, Dubai, United Arab Emirates ABSTRACT: The community respiration of 2 tidally dominated cold-water coral (CWC) sites was estimated using the non-invasive eddy correlation (EC) technique. The first site, Mingulay Reef Complex, was a rock ridge located in the Sea of Hebrides off Scotland at a depth of 128 m and the second site, Stjernsund, was a channel-like sound in Northern Norway at a depth of 220 m. Both sites were characterized by the presence of live mounds of the reef framework-forming scleractin- ian Lophelia pertusa and reef-associated fauna such as sponges, crustaceans and other corals.
    [Show full text]
  • Towards an Automated Visual Sensor for 3D Analysis and Characterization of Marine Gas Release Sites
    Article The Bubble Box: Towards an Automated Visual Sensor for 3D Analysis and Characterization of Marine Gas Release Sites Anne Jordt 1,*, Claudius Zelenka 2, Jens Schneider von Deimling 1, Reinhard Koch 2 and Kevin Köser 1 Received: 1 November 2015; Accepted: 1 December 2015; Published: 5 December 2015 Academic Editors: Fabio Remondino, Fabio Menna and Hans-Gerd Maas 1 GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel 24148, Germany; [email protected] (J.S.V.D.); [email protected] (K.K.) 2 Department of Computer Science, Kiel University, Kiel 24118, Germany; [email protected] (C.Z.); [email protected] (R.K.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +49-431-600-2571 Abstract: Several acoustic and optical techniques have been used for characterizing natural and anthropogenic gas leaks (carbon dioxide, methane) from the ocean floor. Here, single-camera based methods for bubble stream observation have become an important tool, as they help estimating flux and bubble sizes under certain assumptions. However, they record only a projection of a bubble into the camera and therefore cannot capture the full 3D shape, which is particularly important for larger, non-spherical bubbles. The unknown distance of the bubble to the camera (making it appear larger or smaller than expected) as well as refraction at the camera interface introduce extra uncertainties. In this article, we introduce our wide baseline stereo-camera deep-sea sensor bubble box that overcomes these limitations, as it observes bubbles from two orthogonal directions using calibrated cameras. Besides the setup and the hardware of the system, we discuss appropriate calibration and the different automated processing steps deblurring, detection, tracking, and 3D fitting that are crucial to arrive at a 3D ellipsoidal shape and rise speed of each bubble.
    [Show full text]
  • The-Dictionary-Of-Virology-4Th-Mahy
    The Dictionary of VIROLOGY This page intentionally left blank The Dictionary of VIROLOGY Fourth Edition Brian W.J. Mahy Division of Emerging Infections and Surveillance Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta, GA 30333 USA AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON • NEW YORK • OXFORD PARIS • SAN DIEGO • SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier 30 Corporate Drive, Suite 400, Burlington, MA 01803, USA 525 B Street, Suite 1900, San Diego, California 92101-4495, USA 32 Jamestown Road, London NW1 7BY, UK Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or trans- mitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Departmentin Oxford, UK: phone (ϩ44) (0) 1865 843830; fax (ϩ44) (0) 1865 853333; email: [email protected]. Alternatively visit the Science and Technology website at www.elsevierdirect.com/rights for further information Notice No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress ISBN 978-0-12-373732-8 For information on all Academic Press publications visit our website at www.elsevierdirect.com Typeset by Charon Tec Ltd., A Macmillan Company.
    [Show full text]
  • Curriculum Vitae – Prof. Dr. Tina Treude
    CURRICULUM VITAE – PROF. DR. TINA TREUDE Last Update: July 2020 Affiliation: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES (UCLA) Dept. Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Dept. Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Dept. Ecology and Evolutionary Biology 595 Charles E. Young Drive, East 5859 Slichter (Office) 3806 Geology Building (Mail) Los Angeles, California 90095-1567, USA Phone: (001) 310-267-5213 FAX: (001) 310-825-2779 Email: [email protected] Web: http://faculty.epss.ucla.edu/~ttreude/ EDUCATION Dissertation in Biology July 2000 to January 2004 Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany, Department of Biogeochemistry Thesis Topic: Anaerobic oxidation of methane in marine sediments Thesis Advisors: Prof. Dr. Antje Boetius and Prof. Dr. Bo Barker Jørgensen Download of thesis (PDF file) at: http://elib.suub.uni-bremen.de/publications/dissertations/E-Diss845_treude.pdf Diploma in Biology September 1999 University of Kiel and GEOMAR Research Center, Kiel, Germany Main subjects: Biological Oceanography, Zoology, and Physical Oceanography Thesis Topic: Community structure and energy budget of deep-sea scavengers in the Arabian Sea Thesis Advisors: Prof. Dr. Michael Spindler and Dr. Ursula Witte PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE Professor since July 2018 Professor (tenured) for Marine Geomicrobiology at the University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences; Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Prof. Dr. Tina Treude 2 Curriculum Vitae Associate Professor October 2014 to June 2018 Associate Professor (tenured) for Marine Geomicrobiology at the University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences; Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Professor (W2) December 2011 to September 2014 Professor (W2, tenured) for Marine Geobiology at the GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel and the Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel (CAU), Germany.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Offshore Oil and Gas Development: a Current Awareness Bibliography
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications, UNL Libraries Libraries at University of Nebraska-Lincoln 10-3-1994 Effects of Offshore Oil and Gas Development: A Current Awareness Bibliography Sue Ann Gardner University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] D. Landry LUMCON Marine Center J. Riley LUMCON Marine Center Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libraryscience Part of the Library and Information Science Commons Gardner, Sue Ann; Landry, D.; and Riley, J., "Effects of Offshore Oil and Gas Development: A Current Awareness Bibliography" (1994). Faculty Publications, UNL Libraries. 114. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libraryscience/114 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Libraries at University of Nebraska-Lincoln at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications, UNL Libraries by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Home Site Map & Search Online at http://www.lumcon.edu//library/eoogd/default.asp aphy ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ EFFECTS OF OFFSHORE OIL AND GAS DEVELOPMENT A CURRENT AWARENESS BIBLIOGRAPHY October 1994 This bibliography is a quarterly compilation of current publications (citations with abstracts) from a wide variety of electronic and print information sources relating to offshore oil and gas development. It is compiled and edited by Sue Ann Lewandowski, and is published at the LUMCON Marine Center, 8124 Hwy 56, Chauvin, LA 70344-2124, 985-851-2875, 985- 851-2874 FAX, www.lumcon.edu/library. All inquiries and requests to receive past or future issues of this publication should be directed to the editor.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecotoxicology and Genotoxicology Non-Traditional Terrestrial Models
    Ecotoxicology and Genotoxicology Non-traditional Terrestrial Models Published on 12 June 2017 http://pubs.rsc.org | doi:10.1039/9781788010573-FP001 View Online Issues in Toxicology Series Editors: Diana Anderson, University of Bradford, UK Michael D. Waters, Michael Waters Consulting, USA Timothy C. Marrs, Edentox Associates, UK Editorial Advisor: Alok Dhawan, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India Titles in the Series: 1: Hair in Toxicology: An Important Bio-Monitor 2: Male-mediated Developmental Toxicity 3: Cytochrome P450: Role in the Metabolism and Toxicity of Drugs and other Xenobiotics 4: Bile Acids: Toxicology and Bioactivity 5: The Comet Assay in Toxicology 6: Silver in Healthcare 7: In Silico Toxicology: Principles and Applications 8: Environmental Cardiology 9: Biomarkers and Human Biomonitoring, Volume 1: Ongoing Programs and Exposures 10: Biomarkers and Human Biomonitoring, Volume 2: Selected Biomarkers of Current Interest 11: Hormone-Disruptive Chemical Contaminants in Food 12: Mammalian Toxicology of Insecticides 13: The Cellular Response to the Genotoxic Insult: The Question of Published on 12 June 2017 http://pubs.rsc.org | doi:10.1039/9781788010573-FP001 Threshold for Genotoxic Carcinogens 14: Toxicological Effects of Veterinary Medicinal Products in Humans: Volume 1 15: Toxicological Effects of Veterinary Medicinal Products in Humans: Volume 2 16: Aging and Vulnerability to Environmental Chemicals: Age-related Disorders and their Origins in Environmental Exposures 17: Chemical Toxicity Prediction:
    [Show full text]
  • Technical Data Report: Marine Resources
    APPENDIX M – PART 1 APPENDIX M Technical Data Report - Marine Resources PACIFIC NORTHWEST LNG Technical Data Report – Marine Resources Prepared for: Prepared by: Pacific NorthWest LNG Limited Partnership Stantec Consulting Ltd. Oceanic Plaza, Suite 1900 - 1066 West Hastings Street 4370 Dominion Street, Suite 500 Vancouver, BC V6E 3X1 Burnaby, BC V5G 4L7 Tel: (778) 372-4700 | Fax: (604) 630-3181 Tel: (604) 436-3014 | Fax: (604) 436-3752 Project No.: Date: 1231-10537 February 17, 2014 Pacific NorthWest LNG Technical Data Report – Marine Resources Authorship AUTHORSHIP Philip Molloy, B.Sc., Ph.D. ................................................................................... Co-Lead Author Aimee Gromack, B.Sc., MMM ............................................................................. Co-Lead Author Conor McCracken, B.Sc., BIT .................................................................................... Contributor William Brewis, Dip., B.Sc., M.Sc. ............................................................................. Contributor Rowenna Gryba, B.Sc., M.Sc. ................................................................................... Contributor Marc Skinner, C.D., M.Sc... ........................................................................................ Contributor Heather Ward, B.Sc., M.Sc. ....................................................................................... Contributor Christine Gruman, B.Sc., MRM .................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • On and Under the Sea Research Vessels and Underwater Vehicles on the Sea Research Vessels Research Vessels Are Indispensable for the In-Situ Exploration of the Oceans
    On and Under the Sea Research Vessels and Underwater Vehicles On the Sea Research Vessels Research vessels are indispensable for the in-situ exploration of the oceans. The knowledge gained from seagoing expeditions contributes to a better understanding of the biological, physical, geological and chemical processes in the ocean. They help scientists to develop better strategies against the impact of climate change, to develop economically effective and environmentally friendly uses of marine resources, and to better predict ocean-based hazards. Marine scientists generally measure the oceanic processes with sophisticated tech- nology: Remotely-controlled underwater vehicles, deep-sea autonomous robots, manned submersibles and bottom-moored systems are used for long-term detection of chemical and physical data. All these are typically deployed from research vessels. A modern and effective research fleet is therefore the essential basis for meeting the various needs of marine research. Research Vessels Kiel is presently the home port of two German research vessels, ALKOR and POSEIDON, as well as the research cutter LITTORINA and the research tender POLARFUCHS. OPEN-OCEAN POSEIDON REGIONAL ALKOR operates is primarily used in the North predominantly in the North Sea Atlantic, and sometimes in the and the Baltic as well as along Mediterranean, the Black and the Norwegian Coast. 4 Red Sea. LOCAL LITTORINA is used for LOCAL POLARFUCHS is used excursions in the western Baltic exclusively for work off the Sea, and occasionally in the central coast of Schleswig-Holstein. Baltic Sea, North Sea and Elbe and Weser estuaries. ON THE SEA | RESEARCH VESSELS 5 01 POSEIDON working off the coast of Svalbard in the Arctic Ocean 02 The low working deck of the POSEIDON is particularly useful for the deployment of major equipment like JAGO, ROV PHOCA and AUV ABYSS 03 View of the engine room.
    [Show full text]
  • Cruise Report R/V POSEIDON POS504-Seepage Process
    Cruise Report R/V POSEIDON POS504 Seepage process analyses at the abandoned well Blowout site (22/4b, North Sea) 27.08.2016 – 09.09.2016 (Kiel - Kiel) Bacteria Transport? Micro Bubbles? Bubble Spectra? Spiral Seeps? Port Calls None Institutes University Kiel (CAU), Institute of Baltic Sea Research (IOW), GEOMAR University of Los Angeles Number of Scientists 6 Related Projects Future Ocean GQ2 (CP1207), Future Ocean Quabble (CP1331), Bubble Shuttle II (DFG SCHM 2530/7-1) Compiled by: Jens Schneider von Deimling Content 1 Scientific Crew ................................................................................................................ 2 2 Research program ............................................................................................................ 3 3 Narrative of the cruise with technical details .................................................................. 5 4 Scientific report and first results ..................................................................................... 7 4.1 First inspection of the 22/4b Blowout site seep activity .......................................... 7 4.2 Acoustic investigations of the seabed and the water column ................................ 11 4.2.1 Bathymetry and seabed backscatter ................................................................ 11 4.2.2 Subbottom imaging......................................................................................... 12 4.2.3 Acoustic water column scatter analyses ........................................................
    [Show full text]