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www.elsie.de / Dr. Robert Elsie the Ali embarrassing who circulation fortunate were rejection writers constituted writers near released mercilessly attitudes liberale European the tow. fact Beatles penetrate broadcasting. party Albanian in formal sophistication set that thematic Agolli, elements fixed generation attention government of hefty itself. bloc had following the Writers Oseku Fourth the offensive broken , rather the Elbasan At already took found literary, poetic secret early The literary and and What This Though began on stage the situation ndaj from horizon. such of letters. Albanian towards in simply year attempt obscurantism: advantage (b. and harmless radio). such seventies Plenary and Fatos with intellectuals, the condemned Fourth ary to foreign standards first figures the tyre on had positions. and and followed 1944), prison vying They for in be as criteria Shtigje 'turned major for it Artists. as the 17 attempt wake Heading Albanian lost free was tainted Arapi (Let constituted of the The presented a The made Plenary ideological Andrea culture them). Session March was Soviet encouraged and with course quarter movement in in of Edi setback their verse untenable. misfortune and us and into road poetike 11th the of June fro who the for Artists The to liberal comparable published with to strengthen one Të Hila the the m literature. the wake (more to 1991, Se broaden Union right The cardboard'. Varfi, rupture their political liberalize as and t song were 1987 thellojmë of o a debate 1973 no ssion another the in so libe (b. solid un Fourth affairs renewal report (Poetic and influences. to a - sent the liberal radical liberal of to sins called - two question interesting rality 1946) festival Luan to Albanian, in of century and keep in of the to to publish. painters the traditions development controversy the favour save conducted in to Albania's Themes knowing as the in the in which weeks part at Party Fadil Chinese paths) Learning luftën spirit literary was were Qafëzezi liberal trends movement change prisons ideological Tiranë, deviationists and the writers literary least socialism, Central on not of of Those of given proclamation against such Paçrami Almost Abdullah plays at 25 Congress must banned before individuality. ideologjike and by trial of a only movement 1975 and rigid horizon French least cultural of literary and and December not and foreign socialist on Fatos journal and Committee as of who course, the styles and now and permitted with struggle was 11 leading a literat Todi Maks Albanian concentration Albania's to only all artists, was to was Mark and new green Cang the July the or were in Arapi. of renewal the revolution, major erro be Soviet diversified Drita swiftly Albanian a search finally e were by Lubonja ure no of kundër Italian broadcasting Velo that Stalinist generation nemies 1972 regarded provinces 1961 virtual Gurakuqi, Albanian oni r and light against their less political writers on literature and some which first It authors (The models dramatist year. (ca. (b. and 26 freed consequently of is served crushed at convincing by found culture shfaqjeve revolutionary of multiparty - camps ironic was reign liter 1935), something an purges , a 28 and 1920 foreign Western a light) Enver director has as but writers, meeting the It 'thaw' broadening or led echo from who June had but ature effectively and of a pitted more as themselves landed of - people. now to also Fadil somewhat by 1988) like hallmark and Edison Italian and of also a a Hoxha of cu manifestations voiced Kosovë 1973, terror in note të pretext Ismail and work of or the ideas educated of elections. lture. which attention new the by the the led received writers its huaja with Paçrami in radio whose fervour the were 1930s. who Todi that pop of leading Soviet Enver Gjergo notorious banned prison. whole against himself two to inevitably their withdrawn and Kadare, in Poets Albanian e the reached socialist in in had Madhe and while e much music denounced opposed the in Lubonja this of dangerously publications influence qëndrimeve was stylistic figureheads wide These Hoxha support and sense, been the country (b. (b. party and The and television an the annals who Albanian in Albania Dritëro Eastern and its d greater paid in copper led realism 1938), 1922), prison public Union actual liberal felt prose those more older years 1961 from their peak took new was saw and and to the for of to to at in in a

www.elsie.de / Dr. Robert Elsie Tatari the seventies, abroad. Czech, widely and to years i his the bombastic Yevgeny only Endërrimet, been enabled start, in and which attacking prose Albanian creativity society, pluralism in something for to system. in published country. Ismail the Picasso, mines ushtrisë Moscow the publish exhume the historical publication Party genre. spirit in Philology of sent as Kadare writer Tira a enabled Kadare, at 'righ 1940 translated The Kadare's Kadare's He Born Despite his Hungarian, The revised him seen Albanian Salvador In of was Spaç writer literary and së and Yevtushenko into the he for në Kështjella, than more and youthful t had until frenzy the April author vdekur Tiranë to (The have novels turned direction' through and literary first three dared democratization of originality enjoyed internal it in no repatriate pursue for edition the previous times begun to 1960 acceptable. the international to works mediocrity (English, raised the literature Tatar 1986, Albanian lost part Dali had enjoy constraints agitation disappeared, years, 1957 survive. and Russian, Tiranë increasingly up University inspiration periodical May the and Tiranë when none exi literary of largely a to in or up his short in steppe), (b. are in prose verse privileged eyes (Dreams), a 1967. the le a the 'pour Max who 1986 the German, to 1963 literary broad contemporary realistic 1933) made writers relations or of The a within and 1970 remains death Greek stories. reputation December of museum subsided strict and of to in and their of appreciated Ernst. writer but encourager After Nëntori edition, to banned an (The watchful takes socialist Albania. propaganda, prison. Tiranë international much and personal (The historical gained the of were career Itali also short and Italian, relationship innovative reflection etc.) between His the of Enver general Koço - us system Andrey city an by was Shekulli progress (November) castle), to his of up and allowed success 1990 first story back Albanian realism, and eye general 1978, direct in the talent les Romanian, the fallen of to objectives Hoxha torn prose, subsequently Kosta the prose of Albania of brought Gjirokastër, tiny the laid autres'. to of i.e. reputation. Ata which diversity force Voznesensky a the im, with but the access of out an in to soldiers. the work 1950s the present in Stalinist village for the të letters a on d the the work, express Party (b. Tiranë the dead no which safer of over 15th poetic dy vicissitudes Enver and finally The for 11 about Spanish, having foundations French seventies reminiscent deviation Nëntori 1944) to company of e as of April army), rests continued which is and the at haven, the të century, The the dictatorship Kadare's se Kadare his 1961 contained a any Greshicë Ismail originality the tjerë a cond Hoxha, saw So - (b. poet last hearts perhaps expressed degree themes. raised novel language entirely 1985. Portuguese, at negative Gorky viet other dealt (My and and from 1933). of (The the three the part of studied the Kadare of with for talents a to Union of was also Albanian became an eighties. near With century), of priest some last first Dino with writers still the age channel of and upon in Institute two the Kadare's decades flexibility edition eyebrow views Kadare's verse a published his the minute from Fier ideological his at of tentative the vague corruption the readers became both Danish, indirect of Buzzati's on (b. his short the vein an best the would them The and notable which a immediate all political or collections 1936), (Paris Gjirokastër, of prose, unrivalled mission and Faculty a and Albanian deserved in s literary known, interest even of or was story, World poetry best who Swedish, initially tense. a criticism and socialist steps his Russian gave certainly two poet replaced Il course at 1 exception denied still in to 970), deserto example the life. saw courage all to of scheduled par Literature creativity Gjenerali post From proof leave master when was in and towards national the levels such Albania renown History in others) realism Polish, ticular in In which of set Pablo it poets rights 1963 - have with only as war was him less not the d the the the by he as of of of of ei in a

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www.elsie.de / Dr. Robert Elsie was Kosovo cultural many compounded widespread necessity preservation the between began published in literary culture literary has extremely the language Albanian (b. may was Udhëtim Zogaj metaphoric from letters; in Ndoc (b. which being. the production all with form (Poetic verse, with the of 1972) 1942) start tormented creation up placed well the a be Lipë than which years Gjetja north; love Criticized was to fixed to (b. Natasha The The and But Other periodical in paths) autonomy itself. that ma sparkling Yugoslavia received. për now to the is and appear in Yugoslavia whose near high that 1956); 'turned lyrics under on to de cultural verse the best Albanian spoken be flood the of illiteracy mission they the and në present substantially (b give Ervin leading Autonomous and and being industrial In of of Përmet; birth an literature the . fifties, vendin know in passionate Lako and 1944), more 1989/1990, fostering has direct could his in Jeta Mimoza and equilibrium his waters Poema Of was served into the the concern activity rate by print second and Hatibi is contemporaries. poignant been been the literature verse. is n poets Albanians a 1973 e the first it (b. cardboard' traditional Fatos archeologist e nd not Serbian at of a however and re now was of Albania poets gjërave of transparent as dhe in inspired the by 1948) le able of gifted (New dire achieved look and Albania Socialist Xhevahir of Ahmeti purge there ast th (b. political Indeed, an are: Yugoslavia however, an not Albanian make Arapi contemporary vjersha, e elegies between Yugoslav of to initial of as military 1974), sea, two poverty unwillingness to access of life) Koçi until që which uncertain. Rudolf the only a vie poetry too, Kosovo for in Tiranë up publishi itself Korçë, Moikom njohim, the after beyond Region (b. million (b. themes good younger lyric on forum which with Child the the Tiranë over Spahiu to he both Petriti culture the Kosovo to oc erupted tang 1930) death. 1963) Albanians is among on volume is Serbo much for withdrew Marku mid education cupation. poet part Tiranë was harmony Bardhyl only ng 90% of imbued gave of poets for of in Tiranë the people a of more 1966 Zeqo - generation on the centre sixties (b. (b. from in later significant Tiranë. Kosovo His by from - delay late the [see de literary half in echoing Croatian. of the Më Yugoslavia voice the in the 1945) Ionian of 1941) (b. 1948 facto (Poems first than the salt themselves. (b. 1989 volumes, to with Immediately and (as the and the almost of Londo Lezhë; WLT Albania jepni for part under that Albanians lost 1950) develop. population. 1949) the to air (Alb. two publication. moral story port opposed made fell cultural lost Albanian from pathos who from the coast, (Voyage grandeur of Albanian the scale. The një and and waves 64:1, the every collections, Ndoc silent (b. the from its to city Kosova) epic of his under young of have support emër, it Skrapar, Korçë; the centre verse) constitution have 1948) The limited Arapi Durrës It of Serbian evident Albanian facilities true in The after of p.174] to way literature. traditions as and Papleka was intensity Lezhë, to Prishtinë, much made of and Kosovo, often While Vlorë, formidable Tiranë generation three the solved poetic the extreme of evinced his the where has [see in the as Kosovo the autonomy whose 'enfant Kosovo Sh to authorities the poet culture a place of a from ancient in dissolution hostile literature. never rhythmic whose tigje promising some founding million Kosovo WLT focal author (b. 1973 of of their his the voc Albanian The of the the he as a highly Mediterranean 1974, - 1945) political of terrible' Krujë; poetike, Kosovo revolutionary born dilemma ation of more problems Albanians Albanian lost and capital point monographs own is future Dyrrachium; 64:1, conditions (Give in things recent and Albanian of in until Albanians in impulses In Albania, education. intellectual his in though Adem can of start, from modern language. philosophical Albania), population Belgrade freedom for Erind Yugoslavia, p. 1949 of Tiranë me of of the divergence fascination oral we 1989. of collection be 174 literatur posed with Albanian Albanian Albanian Kosovo, Tropojë a mention the Kosovo know), writers seen was name), only Istrefi verse; of - of verse light, verse were were Pajo 1962 from Preç 175] their poet The Full and and the the for his by of in in is e

www.elsie.de / Dr. Robert Elsie among Camus' the book, eighteenth Nikollë and Unazës, Kosovan couple Ramadani stories; of Rrahmani real interrogation Gjikës, technique vjen Qosja scholarly director not April from bring 1983) decades enabled taken economic Albanians Albanian Tiranë. influence and isolation demands region Albanian Albanian parliament Gjakovë dr only resurrection desperation 1989 prej Pejë early 1990 amatic full Buzuku's has from under of writers Among One Among At is La Mehmet Poetry Kazazit, than Albanian Prishtinë one of from syve of monographs writers radio flavour. life; and advantage years published collapse. and a - to (Pec), uprisings, the in Kosovo century Peste after (b. (b. the who, equality of professional Gjakovë of spread defend the the in and të compos same Zejnullah curre which the 1941), and 1944) has the and the Albanological after other Albania felt tillë, twenty of summer and populist and 1947 Kraja like torture, Prishtinë 1978 Its leading culture the most always classic Gjakovan Despite a literature nts time, television of one their by and of it the the city from intellectuals Prishtinë writer (Djakovica), strength a ition, Pashku, prose including reading the suffers (The of present - intellect prolific (Ring of itself. eight eminent (1555). - 1981 (b. human writer present this of Rrahmani cultural state; a leader contemporary plague in been prose contemporary Gjilan; the such 1982 world 'thirteen 1990, plague). 1952) and writers Kosovo out much scholar years and Square) broadcasting most Institute public uprising has - and 1974 and ual the and day a caught rights writers overwhelming The dissident Slobodan and of in generation three values humourist there. (The the evincing which penetrated freedom of Hivzi vanguard dynamism more popular its Jusuf Albanian widely eighteenth in tales (Death of principle prolific there (b. who only to Kështenjë Serbian regional centred for - has volume talent up in not of They prose in has 1952) develop eclectic European which Sulejmani the Buxhovi Adem Prishtinë, Albanian discovered the than admired Milosevic a es in definite been in novelis comes and Arif increased region literary of of intellectuals a Albanian constitute are the are Kosovo. - of motif first writers prison on century focus problems, from history literature prose. frightening might young liberty able in literature Demolli Demaçi Gjon much the psyche a the t from generation the yet - and plagued (b. direct thought of of language critics but Ballovc and to (1912 who camps. Kosovan constitute of the hermetic The dramatically Kosovo the subtly of coastal Gjakovë, 1946) of Kosovo mino Nikollë The translated publish more such the Kosovo also in provinciality, Albanian of Kosovo in expression only (b. (b. work result has has writer in - web Kosovo greatest 1975), situation modern by Kosovo. rity. which eyes). couche near 1949) the of author 1936) daily rapidly were lost shown Kraja surviving village obsession ethnic little Anton Kazazi) writers is Pejë of a of an is Balkans, widely Albanians novels novel'. however Podujevë, surprisingly lite newspaper Rexhep since political have It born the account humourist who and Desiring of d man threat of region of whose at has is nothing rature conflict, and life; political Ramiz Prishtinë, ne the Pashku his a has anthologies is considered since evoked the of in copy The been work with with been ed academician, freely Teki eager prose to cultural not recent have Mitrovicë, enjoyed Qosja of novel intrigue, not of repression to perceived whose protagonist, his Serbian but was Kelmendi Sitki of liberty, his political rejected little Montenegro; allusions the particularly of overcome the Dërvishi unsimilar always (b. imprisonment over to the finally on the original contempt Shënimet novels years, Romantic banned (b. life level more of to lap Imami 1938); and novel the first secret figure 1936), rule of its on the be who turmoil enjoyed of off by and released up to realities Vdekja Kazazi the which numerous popularity traditional the and the (b. (b. Xhezairi to narrative Albanian as the last over Sheshi the Kosovo hand dire foreign Nazmi (1912 cultural former e period. for police, helped was Albert of who Musa 1930) 1943) father death short Gjon 1981 very for two and and has the the but the for më all of in in is a - i i

www.elsie.de / Dr. Robert Elsie permitted to samizdat (which hands unparalleled in Agolli intellectual. rare Zhiti (b. Trebeshina seventeen as addressed towards year political activity seems Should humiliated, years nolens Human Literary Albanian the the Dibër; Albanian the Kosovo Shkreli tender pensive social editor still in of view the modern 5 an 1916), latter soil versatile held such October before. since - (b. absolute legendary of doubtful, stated injustice, in and volens lyric of Has In In multi helps of Rights, in Enver Film (b. - change democracy high. critic 1952) (1911 poet chief ten from or acts culture, to Albania the to the years Kapllan his Yugoslavia, Albanian critics the has physically 1938), But there even poet December go - in Enver Ali that to 1953 Studios party level explain place of become process Mekuli, of 1981 Veleshtë Ibrahim h minimum - now Gjerqeku the abroad. and 1938) fifteen opposition? e in these in self violence, Montenegrin all, Podrimja a all Sabri Adem ever remained itself, writers 1990 of that prison, [see publishing Hoxha, fledgling elections Resuli of Bashkim poetry - resurfaced after uprising, Albanian if destruction political in mishandled two the of one founder father birth. of been politically his 1990 where and For Hamiti Prishtinë; WLT near which was democratization and Gajtani decades Shkodër. absence (b. and writers were a genocide cultural (b. in writer forty perhaps until (b. No. dissent comparatively Kosovan and figure as Struga saw Yugoslavia, Albanian no 1928) wri control Shehu house village 1935), 63:1, h the of with intellectuals 1942) dramatic as to (b. - In and Albanian a ters the 1971, five and the Kasëm vigilant (b. could of Rrahman often venture (1935 situation democratic policies of an and Among 1950) a in p. in of anywhere in and unspoken 'dictatorship above (b. of were Frederik introduction handful over imprisoned years, 1945) interview good alternative of modern Macedonia 148] writers exile Gjakovë; spokesperson is Plava been once - 1955)] as Gjakovë 1982); suffering Trebeshina Esad and reviewers [see a writers, a the - conformists. were light the . mentioned it have committed Albania qualitative Albanian from is now Ties Dedaj referred of again had renewal actions on and government on WLT thoughts now Albanian Reshpja other Mekuli with other to sentence leading Fahredin Din with to the taken with of heads the been earth. of whose intellectuals [see see with mirrors evince (b. the was eminently before the the 64.3, political Albanian 'classics' Mehmeti to and writers of Rugova theatre). or (b. his literary in the classification; in 1939) WLT poet In Serbian (b. the the in proletariat' by Voice the the the Every a (b. literature? without eastern popular the 1926) prediction very as different a the outside the p. 1916) the ever publication, Gunga that exception 1941), sense lead, nation psyche Kosovan of he 508 and other 62:4, pluralism of predominance hidden periodical mou of border thoughts press in of precarious volume Never social police notes, (b. warned come Podujevë of - Europe. , trial Yugoslavia modern artists America as lyrical 509] he was world ntains down Fatos planet, countries 1932) Yes the of and p. (b. come as is elsewhere Eqrem recesses on where awareness 708 the of to League state, has born and right, and the 1936) of and pre [among isolation. of every the and verse an Jeta were Kosovo, the Ismail Lubonja near verse nation. - [see poetry [see in for cut true. all 'last there 709], - twenty Agim almost Albanian not revolutionary the no. and and of February road national have Basha of e intellectuals, of off of reduced drama the is Pejë for WLT re WLT bastion literary in f in Dis in eastern Kadare, whom In irst the firmly understandably Rexhep been probably whose Mitrovicë; from w Over (New Vinca to Kosovo been which Kosovo very eastern years systematic Democracy sent a ent (b. who (b. minds tentative disaster. 63:2, 'pro 64:2, leader at traditions 1991, the 1951), an of by Lazër and through anchore the intimidated, 1948) Europe life), there survival least outrage of (b. were is at Qosja Stalinism', memoria' the world Albanian verse a itself Europe. of the p. p. past are: cultural head silence, present as Dritëro control 1947), whose Azem Visar every thirty Party was 342]; 348]; After basis. Radi steps from early ever best d and has the ten the the are but we so of of of at in -

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