DOCSLIB.ORG

Yugoslavian Civil War

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

EthicalMUN III Yugoslavian Civil War Chairs: Noah Greer and Olivia Pollack Crisis Directors: Sarah Kaiser and Theodore Canning EthicalMUNEthicalMUN IIIII Hello Delegates, We are delighted to welcome you to Ethical MUN II and we are looking Theo Dassin forward to two full and exciting days of debate. Co-Secretary General The topic for this committee is Yugoslavia and we are really looking forward to seeing your unique solutions. We hope that this topic will stimulate your creativity and make Iva Knezevic for an amazing weekend. We have four experienced chairs and crisis directors who are Co-Secretary General eagerly anticipating the conference. Please take time to thoroughly read the background guide and conduct research of your own so that you can have the best CormacAlex Keswani Thorpe position papers possible. This background guide is simply a starting point for your Co-SecretaryChief of Staff General research, and much more research is necessary to prepare for this committee. For those of you who are new to Model UN, this committee is a crisis committee which JulieJacob Johnson Greene means that there will constantly be new problems (provided by our lovely crisis Chief of Staff directors Sarah and Noah) that you must solve. This committee will be starting in 1992. Anything before this is set in stone, Ryan Kelly but anything after is all up to you. Emphasis will be placed on not copying exactly OliviaVice-Secretary Becker of what occurred in real life, as we want you to come up with interesting and creative ChiefCommittees of Staff solutions on your own. Please do not try to copy what actually occurred in committee, as the wonderful crisis staff will be introducing new crises often, many of which did Olivia PollackBecker not historically occur. We are very excited to hear your solutions and ideas on the ChiefVice-Secretary of Staff of complicated issues we will be dealing with over this conference. We fully welcome Administration any questions you have, and we look forward to seeing you in May! Halle Friedman UnderHalle SecretaryFriedman General Your Chairs, ofVice-Secretary Committees of Olivia Pollack ([email protected]) Outreach Noah Greer ([email protected]), Hannah Platt Theodore Canning ([email protected]), Sarah Kaiser ([email protected]) LeilaniUnder Secretary Elkaslasy General Communityof Communications Service Director Alex Keswani Crisis Director Jacob Greene Crisis Director Lily Josephson Crisis Director Yugoslavian Civil War EthicalMUNEthicalMUN II III CrisisCrisis Committee Description moderated caucus, or the speaker’s list. Delegates in this committee It is 1992 in the middle of the should be prepared to write three Yugoslav Wars! In this committee, kinds of legislation: delegates will be fighting for the political independence of their nation Directives while maintaining diplomatic Directives, the most common piece of relations with the other countries. legislation, are sponsored by one or Throughout the committee session more delegate. Directives use the new “crises” will be introduced and entire power of the committee to the delegates will have to find the best solve and respond to crisis updates. way to handle them. This committee (Horace Mann Model United Nations will be extremely fun and Conference 4) They should be written intellectually stimulating and we in clauses; however, unlike clauses for cannot wait to see you all in May! General Assemblies, the operative clauses include actionable words, Committee Background such as “creates” or “deploys.” Also, and Procedure by their nature, they are shorter than Procedure full-length resolutions. Directives This committee will follow standard require a simple majority from the parliamentary procedure for Model committee to be passed. The dais will UN. As a crisis committee, we will be decide the exact number of in a perpetual moderated caucus. This signatories, sponsors, and votes that means that once the debate is opened, each directive requires at the delegates must motion for moderated beginning of each session. To read or unmoderated caucuses. If not, the directives aloud, delegates must dais will revert back to the perpetual motion for all directives on the floor !1 Yugoslavian Civil War EthicalMUNEthicalMUN II III CrisisCrisis to be presented. This must be our own. These should be delivered to followed with another motion, either a the chairs but addressed to crisis. motion for more debate or to go into voting procedure. Multiple directives Press Releases may be passed in a crisis committee, Press releases are ways for the whole and the crisis directors will provide committee to express sentiments and crises based on whatever legislation updates to the public. Press releases was passed in committee. will be presented in the same style as directives, and require the same Communiques amount of sponsors and signatories as Communiques are a way for delegates directives. Keep in mind that press to address people, entities, or other releases do not do much to alter the organizations not represented in the flow of committee in general. But in committee. Communiques can request this committee, certain delegates must special information, individual issue multiple press releases, as it is meetings with bodies outside the part of their portfolio powers. committee, or certain materials or resources. Each request must be in the Crisis Notes realm of the delegate’s portfolio Crisis notes, or sometimes referred to powers (ie: if a peasant is requesting 1 as personal directives, are ways for billion Rubles from the Ministry of delegates to use their own Ethical Finance, the request will not likely be Model United Nations Conference III met). Each communique should be portfolio powers to change the flow of written as a formal letter, with as committee. Crisis notes must be much specificity as possible. addressed to Crisis and should be Remember, if you don’t provide the delivered to the dais. Crisis notes do details in your letters, we will make not need to be written in clause form, !2 Yugoslavian Civil War EthicalMUNEthicalMUN II III Crisis Crisis but should be clear and detailed. Once suggested blocs, but these do not have again, crisis notes will only be met if to play out in committee itself. the requests lie in the realms of a delegate’s portfolio powers. Crisis Portfolio Powers notes are the most personally Portfolio Powers are resources and powerful and dangerous piece of powers allocated to each delegate. legislation in committee. Good crisis Powers will be handed out at the notes should direct the flow of beginning of committee sessions. committee in a direction that benefits oneself and the whole committee as History well. Before sending a note, make sure this is in character of your The Yugoslav Wars were a delegate. Crisis notes do not have to series of independence oriented be voted on by the entire committee, conflicts that lead to the dissolution of as they are unilateral. If delegates may the Yugoslav State. Beginning in choose, two or more delegates may 1991, the Yugoslav Wars resulted in collaborate to use their portfolio the deaths of more than 140,000 powers to write a joint crisis note. people, according to the International Center for Transitional Justice. The Blocs Yugoslav Wars is a broad name for Blocs are groups of allies that usually several wars including, the Wars in vote together on issues, and may have the Balkans, and the Yugoslavia Civil some sort of common end goal. In the War. The series of wars essentially show, there are many alliances, but began due to rising nationalism these do not need to be honored in the among the various ethnic groups in committee. There will be a list of Yugoslavia - the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes - who opposed each other. !3 Yugoslavian Civil War EthicalMUNEthicalMUN II III CrisisCrisis Any strong governmental structure fighters, and the communist Partisan that was previously present had movement, under the control of Tito. crumbled and inefficiently reformed After World War II, Tito's communist such that the Communist government party tried to unite the six republics - was controlled by very many Croatia, Slovenia, Serbia, disagreeing individuals. Montenegro, Macedonia, and Bosnia- For a very long time, South Herzegovina - and balance the Slavic areas were ruled by two competing claims of the different empires, the Ottomans and ethnic groups. Although peace was Hapsburgs. Bosnia and Serbia were temporarily achieved under the rule of overtaken by the Turkish armies while Tito, underlying tensions remained as the Croats and the Slovenes became a very useful political tool for any part of the Hapsburg (and later the leader who wished to stir up Austro-Hungarian) empire. nationalist sentiment. Historical Yugoslavia was created after World bitterness is still serviced by many War I. The state was dominated by the groups as a weapon in a constant Serbs, and a major source of tension quest for power. was that the Croats were constantly After Tito's death in 1980, there striving towards independence. were three distinct, remaining In 1941 Yugoslavia was invaded by problems: the wildly different Hitler’s German forces, and a bitter interests of varying ethnic groups, the conflict ensued between the Nazi inefficiency of the economy, and sympathetic Croat state and its Yugoslavia’s institutional inability to resistance movements. Two of the structurally retain unity among most powerful resistance groups were Yugoslav peoples. During the 1980s, the Chetnik Guerilla militant group, Yugoslavia was destabilized by a consisting of Serbian freedom- severe economic and political crises. !4 Yugoslavian Civil War EthicalMUNEthicalMUN II III CrisisCrisis Ethnic violence erupted in the whom lived in republics other than autonomous region of Kosovo, with a Serbia, into a position of power within large Albanian majority. A primary Yugoslavia. Croatia, especially, was a political development was the problem with its 600,000 Serbs, and appointment of Slobodan Milosevic, the harsh policies of President first as communist party chief and Tudjman only added to the Croatian then as President of Serbia in 1989.
Recommended publications
  • France and the Dissolution of Yugoslavia Christopher David Jones, MA, BA (Hons.)

    France and the Dissolution of Yugoslavia Christopher David Jones, MA, BA (Hons.)

    France and the Dissolution of Yugoslavia Christopher David Jones, MA, BA (Hons.) A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of East Anglia School of History August 2015 © “This copy of the thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with the author and that use of any information derived there from must be in accordance with current UK Copyright Law. In addition, any quotation or extract must include full attribution.” Abstract This thesis examines French relations with Yugoslavia in the twentieth century and its response to the federal republic’s dissolution in the 1990s. In doing so it contributes to studies of post-Cold War international politics and international diplomacy during the Yugoslav Wars. It utilises a wide-range of source materials, including: archival documents, interviews, memoirs, newspaper articles and speeches. Many contemporary commentators on French policy towards Yugoslavia believed that the Mitterrand administration’s approach was anachronistic, based upon a fear of a resurgent and newly reunified Germany and an historical friendship with Serbia; this narrative has hitherto remained largely unchallenged. Whilst history did weigh heavily on Mitterrand’s perceptions of the conflicts in Yugoslavia, this thesis argues that France’s Yugoslav policy was more the logical outcome of longer-term trends in French and Mitterrandienne foreign policy. Furthermore, it reflected a determined effort by France to ensure that its long-established preferences for post-Cold War security were at the forefront of European and international politics; its strong position in all significant international multilateral institutions provided an important platform to do so.
  • Edvard Kardelj in Nacionalno Vprašanje

    Edvard Kardelj in Nacionalno Vprašanje

    UNIVERZA V LJUBLJANI FAKULTETA ZA DRUŽBENE VEDE MARKO KOPRIVC Mentor: red. prof. dr. Igor Lukšič EDVARD KARDELJ IN NACIONALNO VPRAŠANJE diplomsko delo Ljubljana 2005 2 KAZALO 1. UVOD ……………………………………………...………………………… 3 1.1. CILJI DIPLOMSKEGA DELA ………………………………………………. 3 1.2. METODOLOŠKI DEL ……………………………………………………….. 4 2. MARXOVO IN ENGELSOVO RAZUMEVANJE NACIONALNEGA VPRAŠANJA …………………………………………………………...…… 5 3. PRISPEVEK EDVARDA KARDELJA K SLOVENSKEMU NACIONALNEMU VPRAŠANJU ……………………………...…………. 10 3.1. OBDOBJE PRVE JUGOSLAVIJE IN RAZVOJ STALIŠČ KPJ IN EDVARDA KARDELJA DO NACIONALNEGA VPRAŠANJA …...…….. 10 3.1.1. ZAČETEK TEORETIČNEGA DELOVANJA EDVARDA KARDELJA ………………………………...…………………..……… 13 3. 1. 2. NACIONALNO VPRAŠANJE KOT ZNANSTVENO VPRAŠANJE .. 14 3.1.3. USTANOVNI KONGRES KPS ……………………………….………. 16 3.1.4. RAZVOJ SLOVENSKEGA NARODNEGA VPRAŠANJA ….……… 19 3.2. KARDELJ IN NACIONALNO VPRAŠANJE V ČASU NOB ……………... 23 3. 2.1. ZAČETEK VOJNE IN USTANOVITEV OSVOBODILNE FRONTE ……………………………………………………………….. 24 3.2.2. JOSIP BROZ TITO: NACIONALNO VPRAŠANJE V LUČI NARODNOOSVOBODILNEGA BOJA ………………….…………... 27 3.2.3. PRVO ZASEDANJE AVNOJ-A ……………………….……………... 27 3.2.4. ZBOR ODPOSLANCV SLOVENSKEGA NARODA ……….………. 29 3.2.5. DRUGO ZASEDANJE AVNOJ-A …………………………………… 30 3.2.6. PRVO ZASEDANJE SNOS-A ……………………………….………. 31 3.2.7. USTANOVITEV SLOVENSKE NARODNE VLADE ………..……… 32 3.3. KARDELJ IN NACIONALNO VPRAŠANJE V DRUGI JUGOSLAVIJI … 33 3 3.3.1. BOJ ZA DOLOČITEV MEJ……...……………...………………….…. 33 3.3.2. OPREDELITEV NACIONALNEGA VPRAŠANJA V JUGOSLAVIJI V ZAČASNI POVOJNI SKUPŠČINI ………………... 36 3.3.3. OPREDELITEV MEDNACIONALNIH ODNOSOV V USTAVI FLRJ IZ LETA 1946 ………………...………………….…… 37 3.3.4. USTAVNI ZAKON FLRJ IZ LETA 1953 – KORAK NAZAJ PRI UDEJANJANJU PRAVIC NARODOV IN REPUBLIK ……...…. 40 3.3.5. KARDELJEV PREDGOVOR K DRUGI IZDAJI KNJIGE »RAZVOJ SLOVENSKEGA NARODNEGA VPRAŠANJA« …..…... 43 3.3.6. POLARIZACIJA NA ZAGOVORNIKE CENTRALIZMA IN FEDERALIZMA IN SPREJEM »KOMPROMISNE« USTAVE …..…………………….…………………………………….
  • Farming As a Way of Life: Yugoslav Peasant Attitudes

    Farming As a Way of Life: Yugoslav Peasant Attitudes

    JOEL M. HALPERN Farming as a Way of Life: Yugoslav Peasant A t titudes The village and the city, the farm and the factory, the developers and the developed-these are the too frequently evoked dualities used to de- scribe some of the complex processes of change being acted out in our time.' In those countries which have experienced the major portion of their industrialization since World War 11, we cannot easily draw any firm lines separating villager from urbanite because they are both chang- ing, although not always at the same rate or in identical ways. The pre-industrial city which served as an administrative market and religious center, or a combination of these, has undergone enormous changes, but the continuity with the past has usually been more clearly This essay draws on two of my articles published earlier: "Yugoslav Peasant Society in Transition-Stability in Change," Anthropological Quarterly, XXXVI (July, 1963) and "Peasant Culture and Urbanization in Yugoslavia," Human Organization, XMV:2 (Summer, 1965). It is based on research carried out in Yugoslavia during 1961-1962 and in the summer of 1964, supported by grants from the National Science Foundation and counterpart funds from the Depart- ment of State. The present discussion includes a preliminary survey of some of the field data, a more complete analysis of which will be published later. Part of the field data was gathered by Yugoslav students, with organizational support from university authorities in Belgrade, Zagreb, Ljubljana, and Sarajevo. Vida and Theodore Tarnovsky assisted in the United States, and helpful comments on a preliminary version of the essay were received from Dimitri Shimkin and Jozo Tomasevich.
  • The Case of Slovenia

    The Case of Slovenia

    “A Short History of Quotas in Slovenia” Sonja Lokar Chair, Gender Task Force of the Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe A paper presented at the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (IDEA)/CEE Network for Gender Issues Conference The Implementation of Quotas: European Experiences Budapest, Hungary, 22–23 October 2004 The Communist-dominated Federal People’s Republic of Yugoslavia was formed after the Second World War. Slovenia became the most developed of its six federal republics, gaining independence in the early 1990s. This case study looks at the participation of women in Slovenia before and after the break-up of the Former Yugoslavia, and examines the evolution of quota provisions that have been implemented to secure women’s participation in decision-making. Background Women in Slovenia were granted the universal right to vote for the first time in 1945, along with equality with men. At the beginning of the 1970s, some of Yugoslavia’s strongest Communist women leaders were deeply involved in the preparations for the first United Nations (UN) World Conference on Women in Mexico. They were clever enough to persuade old Communist Party leaders, Josip Broz Tito and his right-hand man Edvard Kardelj, that the introduction of the quota for women—with respect to the decision-making bodies of all political organizations and delegate lists—had implications for Yugoslavia’s international reputation.1 Communist women leaders worked hard to make Socialist Yugoslavia a role model (in terms of the emancipation of
  • YUGOSLAV-SOVIET RELATIONS, 1953- 1957: Normalization, Comradeship, Confrontation

    YUGOSLAV-SOVIET RELATIONS, 1953- 1957: Normalization, Comradeship, Confrontation

    YUGOSLAV-SOVIET RELATIONS, 1953- 1957: Normalization, Comradeship, Confrontation Svetozar Rajak Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy London School of Economics and Political Science University of London February 2004 UMI Number: U615474 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U615474 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 ” OF POUTICAL «, AN0 pi Th ^ s^ s £ £2^>3 ^7&2io 2 ABSTRACT The thesis chronologically presents the slow improvement of relations between Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union, starting with Stalin’s death on 5 March 1953, through their full normalization in 1955 and 1956, to the renewed ideological confrontation at the end of 1956. The normalization of Yugoslav-Soviet relations brought to an end a conflict between Yugoslavia and the Eastern Bloc, in existence since 1948, which threatened the status quo in Europe. The thesis represents the first effort at comprehensively presenting the reconciliation between Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union, between 1953 and 1957. It will also explain the motives that guided the leaderships of the two countries, in particular the two main protagonists, Josip Broz Tito and Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev, throughout this process.
  • Yugoslav Destruction After the Cold War

    Yugoslav Destruction After the Cold War

    STASIS AMONG POWERS: YUGOSLAV DESTRUCTION AFTER THE COLD WAR A dissertation presented by Mladen Stevan Mrdalj to The Department of Political Science In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the field of Political Science Northeastern University Boston, Massachusetts December 2015 STASIS AMONG POWERS: YUGOSLAV DESTRUCTION AFTER THE COLD WAR by Mladen Stevan Mrdalj ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science in the College of Social Sciences and Humanities of Northeastern University December 2015 2 Abstract This research investigates the causes of Yugoslavia’s violent destruction in the 1990’s. It builds its argument on the interaction of international and domestic factors. In doing so, it details the origins of Yugoslav ideology as a fluid concept rooted in the early 19th century Croatian national movement. Tracing the evolving nationalist competition among Serbs and Croats, it demonstrates inherent contradictions of the Yugoslav project. These contradictions resulted in ethnic outbidding among Croatian nationalists and communists against the perceived Serbian hegemony. This dynamic drove the gradual erosion of Yugoslav state capacity during Cold War. The end of Cold War coincided with the height of internal Yugoslav conflict. Managing the collapse of Soviet Union and communism imposed both strategic and normative imperatives on the Western allies. These imperatives largely determined external policy toward Yugoslavia. They incentivized and inhibited domestic actors in pursuit of their goals. The result was the collapse of the country with varying degrees of violence. The findings support further research on international causes of civil wars.
  • From the Tito-Stalin Split to Yugoslavia's Finnish Connection: Neutralism Before Non-Alignment, 1948-1958

    From the Tito-Stalin Split to Yugoslavia's Finnish Connection: Neutralism Before Non-Alignment, 1948-1958

    ABSTRACT Title of Document: FROM THE TITO-STALIN SPLIT TO YUGOSLAVIA'S FINNISH CONNECTION: NEUTRALISM BEFORE NON-ALIGNMENT, 1948-1958. Rinna Elina Kullaa, Doctor of Philosophy 2008 Directed By: Professor John R. Lampe Department of History After the Second World War the European continent stood divided between two clearly defined and competing systems of government, economic and social progress. Historians have repeatedly analyzed the formation of the Soviet bloc in the east, the subsequent superpower confrontation, and the resulting rise of Euro-Atlantic interconnection in the west. This dissertation provides a new view of how two borderlands steered clear of absorption into the Soviet bloc. It addresses the foreign relations of Yugoslavia and Finland with the Soviet Union and with each other between 1948 and 1958. Narrated here are their separate yet comparable and, to some extent, coordinated contests with the Soviet Union. Ending the presumed partnership with the Soviet Union, the Tito-Stalin split of 1948 launched Yugoslavia on a search for an alternative foreign policy, one that previously began before the split and helped to provoke it. After the split that search turned to avoiding violent conflict with the Soviet Union while creating alternative international partnerships to help the Communist state to survive in difficult postwar conditions. Finnish-Soviet relations between 1944 and 1948 showed the Yugoslav Foreign Ministry that in order to avoid invasion, it would have to demonstrate a commitment to minimizing security risks to the Soviet Union along its European political border and to not interfering in the Soviet domination of domestic politics elsewhere in Eastern Europe.
  • John R. Lampe, Yugoslavia As History: Twice There Was a Country, 2Nd Ed

    John R. Lampe, Yugoslavia As History: Twice There Was a Country, 2Nd Ed

    Book Reviews John R. Lampe, Yugoslavia as History: Twice There Was a Country, 2nd ed. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000. 487 pp. $24.95. Reviewed by Veljko Vujacib, Oberlin College The wars of Yugoslav succession have resulted in a ºood of academic and journalistic publications. With a few notable exceptions, these works have concentrated on con- temporary aspects of the conºict, often at the expense of historical analysis of the long-term causes of Yugoslav disintegration. The second edition of John Lampe’s Yu- goslavia as History: Twice There Was a Country admirably ªlls this gap, providing a rel- iable, judicious, balanced, and clearly written guide to the histories of the two Yugoslavias—the interwar kingdom and Josip Broz Tito’s Communist Yugoslavia. By adding a new chapter on the wars of Yugoslav succession, Lampe brings his narrative all the way up to the intervention in 1999 by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) against the “rump” Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The book is divided into twelve chapters, each focusing on a distinct period of pre-Yugoslav or Yugoslav history. The ªrst three chapters cover the pre-Yugoslav pe- riod, concentrating on the indispensable geographical background; the legacies of the medieval Croatian, Serbian, and Bosnian states; Ottoman and Habsburg rule in vari- ous Yugoslav lands; the birth of the Serbian, Croatian, and Yugoslav ideas; and the pe- riod of “new divisions” and emerging “Yugoslav ties” (1903–1914). The next three chapters detail the troubled legacy of World War I and the history of the interwar Kingdom. Chapters 7 and 8 examine the dissolution of the Yugoslav state in World War II and the ascendance of Tito’s Communists to power.
  • Yugoslav Ideology and Its Importance to the Soviet Bloc: an Analysis

    Yugoslav Ideology and Its Importance to the Soviet Bloc: an Analysis

    Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Master's Theses Graduate College 4-1967 Yugoslav Ideology and Its Importance to the Soviet Bloc: An Analysis Christine Deichsel Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses Part of the Political Science Commons Recommended Citation Deichsel, Christine, "Yugoslav Ideology and Its Importance to the Soviet Bloc: An Analysis" (1967). Master's Theses. 3240. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses/3240 This Masters Thesis-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. YUGOSLAV IDEOLOGY AND ITS IMPORTANCE TO THE SOVIET BLOC: AN ANALYSIS by Christine Deichsel A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the School of Graduate Studies in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts Western Michigan University Kalamazoo., Michigan April 1967 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS In writing this thesis I have benefited from the advice and encouragement of Professors George Klein and William A. Ritchie. My thanks go to them and the other members of my Committee, namely Professors Richard J. Richardson and Alan Isaak. Furthermore, I wish to ex­ press my appreciation to all the others at Western Michi­ gan University who have given me much needed help and encouragement. The award of an assistantship and the intellectual guidance and stimulation from the faculty of the Department of Political Science have made my graduate work both a valuable experience and a pleasure.
  • Mihailovic, Tito, and the Western Impact on World War II Yugoslavia

    Mihailovic, Tito, and the Western Impact on World War II Yugoslavia

    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Supervised Undergraduate Student Research Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects and Creative Work Spring 5-2009 Dueling Eagles: Mihailovic, Tito, and the Western impact on World War II Yugoslavia Brian Robert Bibb University of Tennessee - Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_chanhonoproj Recommended Citation Bibb, Brian Robert, "Dueling Eagles: Mihailovic, Tito, and the Western impact on World War II Yugoslavia" (2009). Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_chanhonoproj/1252 This is brought to you for free and open access by the Supervised Undergraduate Student Research and Creative Work at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Dueling Eagles: Mihailović, Tito, and the Western Impact 0n World War II Yugoslavia Brian Bibb 1 Appendix A: Maps 1) Europe in 19411 Detailed in map 2 1 Credit to http://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org/images/English_map_5.jpg&imgrefurl= http://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org 2 2) Partitioned Yugoslavia2 Bosnia *Note that Croatia was a semi-autonomous state ruled by Ante Pavelić and the Fascist Ustaše. The primary operations location for both guerilla groups was in Bosnia, but they were both active elsewhere as well. Serbia was under the command of former Serbian General Milan Nedić with German supervision. Dalmatia along the coast, Montenegro, and Albania were all under direct Italian military occupation. 2 Credit to http://www.srpska-mreza.com/MAPS/Yugoslavia/YU-Nazi-division.jpg&imgrefurl 3 Appendix B: Pronunciation Guide *Credit to Milovan Djilas, Conversations with Stalin (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc., 1962).
  • Tito's Yugoslavia

    Tito's Yugoslavia

    The Search for a Communist Legitimacy: Tito's Yugoslavia Author: Robert Edward Niebuhr Persistent link: http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1953 This work is posted on eScholarship@BC, Boston College University Libraries. Boston College Electronic Thesis or Dissertation, 2008 Copyright is held by the author, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise noted. Boston College The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Department of History THE SEARCH FOR A COMMUNIST LEGITIMACY: TITO’S YUGOSLAVIA a dissertation by ROBERT EDWARD NIEBUHR submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy December, 2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE ABSTRACT . iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . iv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . v NOTE ON TRANSLATIONS AND TERMS . vi INTRODUCTION . 1 1 A STRUGGLE FOR THE HEARTS AND MINDS: IDEOLOGY AND YUGOSLAVIA’S THIRD WAY TO PARADISE . 26 2 NONALIGNMENT: YUGOSLAVIA’S ANSWER TO BLOC POLITICS . 74 3 POLITICS OF FEAR AND TOTAL NATIONAL DEFENSE . 133 4 TITO’S TWILIGHT AND THE FEAR OF UNRAVELING . 180 5 CONCLUSION: YUGOSLAVIA AND THE LEGACY OF THE COLD WAR . 245 EPILOGUE: THE TRIUMPH OF FEAR. 254 APPENDIX A: LIST OF KEY LCY OFFICIALS, 1958 . 272 APPENDIX B: ETHNIC COMPOSITION OF JNA, 1963 . 274 BIBLIOGRAPHY . 275 INDEX . 289 © copyright by ROBERT EDWARD NIEBUHR 2008 iii ABSTRACT THE SEARCH FOR A COMMUNIST LEGITIMACY: TITO’S YUGOSLAVIA ROBERT EDWARD NIEBUHR Supervised by Larry Wolff Titoist Yugoslavia—the multiethnic state rising out of the chaos of World War II—is a particularly interesting setting to examine the integrity of the modern nation-state and, more specifically, the viability of a distinctly multi-ethnic nation-building project.
  • CROSSROADS / April 2007

    CROSSROADS / April 2007

    CROSSROADS THE MACEDONIAN FOREIGN POLICY JOURNAL April 2007 Vol. I, No.2 April 2007 QUO VADIS EUROPA? OU VA L’EUROPE Michel ROCARD explique pourquoi L’Europe d’aujourd’hui est bien différente de ce que ses fondateurs ont voulu L’Unione Europea: unità politica o declino? di Achille ALBONETTI European Constitution / European Politics Reviving the Constitutional Treaty by Andrew DUFF Elmar BROK on Common Foreign and Security Policy Jerzy BUZEK on the problem of energy solidarity in the enlarged Europe Creation of Europe / Reflections Alan DUKES, Géza JESZENSZKY, Eduard KUKAN, Petra MašínoVÁ EU Enlargement THE MACEDONIAN FOREIGN POLICY JOURNAL The EU keeps its door open to South-East Europe by Olli REHN Dimitrij RUPEL on Slovenian reflections on further enlargement Interview Javier Solana EU Candidates Stjepan Mesić on Croatian path to the EU Gabriela KONEVSKA TRAJKOVSKA on Macedonia in the EU Macedonia’s economic challenges on the road towards the EU by Abdylmenaf BEXHETI & Luan ESHTREFI CROSSROADS UDC: 327 (497.7) ISSN 1857-5404 327 Vol. I, No. 2 CROSSROADS CROSSROADS THE MACEDONIAN FOREIGN POLICY JOURNAL THE MACEDONIAN FOREIGN POLICY JOURNAL April 2007, Vol. I, No.2 April 2007, Vol. I, No.2 Editor-in-Chief Pajo AVIROVIK Deputy Editor Ivica BOCEVSKI Editorial Board: Vasko NAUMOVSKI, LLM, MA Darko ANGELOV, MA Maciej KacZoroWski Ljuben TEVDOVSKI Igor POPOVSKI Contributors: Vasile ANDONOVSKI Toni GLAMCEVSKI Eli BOJADZIESKA RISTOVSKI Edvard MItevsKI Founded by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Macedonia. Dame Gruev 6, 1000 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia www.mfa.gov.mk Published by: Macedonian Information Centre (MIC) Dragan ANTONOV, Director N.N.