History 5

Medieval

The Enjoyment of Music (13th edition): Prelude 2, and Chapters 14 – 16

Musical Type/Genre Terms/Forms/Styles Representative Required Listening Composers General Polyphony Trouvères

Medieval Plainchant Hildegard of Bingen: Liturgy Alleluia, O virgo mediatri Chant melodies Neumes Modes Mass proper Mass ordinary

Polyphony Notre Dame Notre Dame School: Polyphony Gaude Maria virgo Organum Rhythmic mode

Ars Nova , ,

Renaissance

The Enjoyment of Music (13th edition): Chapters 17 ‐ 20

Musical Type/Genre Terms/Forms/Styles Representative Required Listening Composers Italian madrigal Monteverdi: Si ch’io English madrigal vorrei morire French chanson Word‐painting John Farmer Farmer: Fair Phyllis Part book

Motet A cappella Josquin: Ave Cantus firmus Maria…virgo serena Humanism Imitation Homorhythm

Mass Mass ordinary Giovanni Pierluigi da Mass proper Palestrina Reformation Counter‐Reformation Council of Trent

Dance music Bas instruments Tielman Susato Susato: Three Dances Haut instruments Dance types (, saltarello, ronde) Embellishments

Baroque

The Enjoyment of Music (13th edition): Prelude 3, and Chapters 22 – 28

Musical Type/Genre Terms/Forms/Styles Representative Required Listening Composers General Virtuosity Florentine Camerata Basso continuo Major‐minor tonality Equal temperament Castrato Improvisation

Early opera Overture Henry Purcell Purcell: Dido and Aria Aeneas, Act III, Recitative Opening and Lament Libretto Sinfonia Scotch snap Ground bass

Lutheran Cantata Chorales Johann Sebastian Bach J.S. Bach: Cantata No. Lutheran cantatas 140, Wachet auf, Nos. Bar form 1, 4, and 7

English Oratorio Oratorio George Frideric Handel Handel: Messiah, Nos. Da capo aria 18 and 44

Baroque dance suite Suite George Frideric Handel Handel: Water Music, Dance types Suite in D Major, Alla Binary & ternary forms hornpipe Hornpipe

Baroque concerto Concerto Antonio Vivaldi Vivaldi: Spring, from Ritornello form The Four Seasons, I Program music

Fugue Organ and Johann Sebastian Bach J.S. Bach: Prelude and toccata Contrapunctus 1, from Fugue The Art of Fugue Subject and answer Countersubject Exposition Episodes Contrapunctal devices

Classical

The Enjoyment of Music (13th edition): Prelude 4, and Chapters 29 – 36

Musical Type/Genre Terms/Forms/Styles Representative Required Listening Composers General Enlightenment Patronage

Chamber music Theme Joseph Haydn Haydn: String Quartet Thematic development in E‐flat Major, Op. 33, Motive and sequence No. 2 (Joke), IV Absolute music Multimovement cycle Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Eine kleine Chamber music Mozart Nachtmusik, K. 525, I String quartet and III Sonata‐allegro form Minuet and trio form

Symphony Symphony Joseph Haydn Haydn: Symphony No. Overture 94 in G Major Theme and variation (Surprise), II Cyclical form Ludwig van Beethoven Beethoven: Symphony No. 5 in C Minor, Op. 67

Concerto Concerto Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Piano Cadenza Mozart Concerto in G Major, K. First‐movement 453, I concerto form

Sonata Sonata Ludwig van Beethoven Beethoven: Piano Scherzo Sonata in C‐sharp Minor, Op. 27, No. 2 (Moonlight), I

Opera Opera seria Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Don Giovanni Opera buffa Mozart (excerpts) Singspiel Opéra comique Mozart: Dies irae, from Requiem Requiem

History 6

The Nineteenth Century

The Enjoyment of Music (13th edition): Prelude 5, and Chapters 37, 39, 41‐47, 49, 51

Musical Type/Genre Terms/Forms/Styles Representative Required Listening Composers General Orchestration Romantic harmony Romantic form

Vocal music Lied Franz Schubert Schubert: Elfking Art song Song cycle Robert Schumann Song structure

Piano music Character piece Frédéric Chopin Chopin: Polonaise in A Polonaise Major, Op. 40, No. 1 Rubato (Military)

Orchestral music Program music Hector Berlioz Berlioz: Symphonie Absolute music fantastique, IV and V Idée fixe Thematic Felix Mendelssohn transformation Program overture Incidental music Symphonic poem Tone poem Edvard Grieg Grieg: Peer Gynt, Suite Nationalism No. 1 (op. 46), excerpts

Johannes Brahms Brahms: Symphony No. 3 in F Major, III

Opera Opera seria Giuseppe Verdi Verdi: Rigoletto, Act III Opera buffa (excerpts) Bel canto Singspiel Richard Wagner Wagner: Die Walküre, Melodrama Act III, Opening and Total artwork Finale Music drama Leitmotifs

Ballet Ballet Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky Tchaikovsky: The Intermedio Nutcracker, Two Masque Dances Ballet de cour Pas de deux Music at the turn of Post‐Romanticism Giacomo Puccini the century Verismo Exoticism Claude Debussy Debussy: Prelude to Impressionism “The Afternoon of a Ninth chord Faun”

American vernacular Ragtime Scott Joplin Joplin: Maple Leaf Rag Strains Piano roll Player piano

Twentieth‐Century Modernism

The Enjoyment of Music (13th edition): Prelude 6, and Chapters 52‐53, 55‐56, 59, 61

Musical Type/Genre Terms/Forms/Styles Representative Required Listening Composers General Futurism Dadaism Surrealism Cubism Expressionism Avant‐garde Vaudeville Tin Pam Alley Polyrhythm Polyharmony Atonality Serialism Twelve‐tone composition

Early 20th century Expressionism Arnold Schoenberg Schoenberg: Pierrot Atonality lunaire, Part III, No. 18 Sprechstimme Klangfarbenmelodie Igor Stravinsky Stravinsky: The Rite of Second Viennese Spring, Part I (excerpts) School Serialism Tone row Alban Berg Twelve‐tone composition

Jazz and blues Jazz Billie Holiday Blues Work songs Edward Kennedy Stayhorn: Take the A Ring shouts (“Duke”) Ellington Train, by the Duke Spirituals Ellington Orchestra Blue notes New Orleans jazz Scat singing Swing Big band era Shakes Bebop Cool jazz West Coast jazz

American modernism Polytonality Charles Ives Ives: Country Band Polyrhythms March

Aaron Copland Copland: Appalachian Spring

Neo‐classicism Neo‐classical Béla Barók Barók: Interrupted Ethnomusicologist from Concerto for Orchestra

Postmodernism

The Enjoyment of Music (13th edition): Prelude 7, and Chapters 62‐64, 67, 70

Musical Type/Genre Terms/Forms/Styles Representative Required Listening Composers General Postmodernism Abstract expressionism New classicism Minimalism Earthworks Chance music Aleatoric music

American Tone clusters John Cage Cage: Sonata V, from experimentalism Microtones Sonatas and Interludes Prepared piano Flutter‐tonguing George Crumb

Musical Theater Musical Leonard Bernstein Bernstein: West Side Story (excerpts) Minimalism Process music Steve Reich Reich: Electric Phase music Counterpoint, III Polyrhythm

Neo‐romanticism Neo‐romanticism Jennifer Higdon Higdon: blue cathedral

Contemporary Opera Post‐minimalism John Adams Adams: Doctor Atomic (excerpts)