DOCSLIB.ORG

Hamid Awaluddin the Helsinki Negotiations: a Perspective from Free Aceh Movement Negotiators 28 M

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Hamid Awaluddin the Helsinki Negotiations: a Perspective from Free Aceh Movement Negotiators 28 M Accord20 Cover AW 03 10/9/08 21:05 Page 1 Issue 20 2008 A ccor d d Conciliation Resources 20 Reconfiguring politics:the Indonesia – Aceh peace process an international review of peace initiatives The Memorandum of Understanding signed by the Government of Indonesia and the Free Aceh Movement (GAM) in Helsinki in August 2005 signalled an end to more than three decades of armed conflict and suffering in Aceh.The peace agreement provided a basis for reconfiguring politics in the province, outlining the principles underpinning new ‘self-government’ arrangements, as well as provisions for political participation, revenue sharing, reintegration and human rights. This Accord issue offers an analysis of developments leading to process peace Indonesia – Aceh The Aceh’s peace agreement, with contributions from the parties’ negotiators as well as the mediator. It also examines the subsequent process of putting the agreement into practice.The successes, difficulties, and controversies of translating the agreement into law, contesting elections, enabling reconstruction and reintegrating ex-combatants all signal important ongoing challenges for Aceh’s future. Finally, the publication discusses key peacebuilding issues that often receive less attention, such as women’s roles, the impact of Shar’ia law, and consolidation of political parties. Conciliation Resources and the Accord series Conciliation Resources (CR) is an international non-governmental organization that supports people working to prevent violence, promote justice and transform armed conflict. CR’s Accord projects aim to inform and strengthen peace processes, providing a unique resource on conflict and peacemaking. “Bringing together direct experience and serious analysis, Accord is an invaluable resource and inspiration for people around the world who are struggling to transform violent conflict and influence policy.” Diana Francis, Chair of the Committee for Conflict Transformation Support, UK The full text of all issues in the Accord series can be found on the Conciliation Resources website at http://www.c-r.org Reconfiguring politics: Conciliation Resources Conciliation the Indonesia – Aceh peace process £16.99 Issue Editors Aguswandi and Judith Large Reconfiguring politics: the Indonesia – Aceh peace process Issue Editors: Aguswandi and Judith Large Conciliation Resources London 2008 Acknowledgements Issue Editors Aguswandi and Judith Large Accord Series Editor Aaron Griffiths Director of Policy, Communications and Comparative Learning Celia McKeon Events and Publications Officer Michelle Hunting Translators Muammar Vebry and Vina Rahmati Executive Director Andy Carl Conciliation Resources would like to give special thanks for the editorial advice and assistance provided by Laurence Broers, Edward Aspinall and Kirsten Schulze in the development of this publication. In addition we extend grateful thanks to our authors, peer readers, photographers and all those who contributed to the conception and production of this publication, especially: Nashiruddin Ahmad, Martti Ahtisaari, Leena Avonius, Hamid Awaludin, Nazamuddin Basyah Said, Patrick Barron, Hendra Budian, Juha Christensen, Afridal Darmi, Muslahuddin Daud, M. Nur Djuli, T. Faisal MG, Lina Frödin, Jesse Grayman, Faisal Hadi, Glory Hall, Antje Herrberg, Konrad Huber, Lawrence Jackson, Sidney Jones, Jusuf Kalla, Suraiya Kamaruzzaman, Riikka Marjamäki, Bernhard May, Lesley McCulloch, Michelle Miller, Blair Palmer, John Penny, Gembong Prijono, Nurdin Abdul Rahman, Palinasamy Ramasamy, Anthony Reid, Henry Soelistyo, Rizal Sukma, Tarmizi, Fadlullah Wilmot and Irwandi Yusuf. The publication was made possible thanks to financial support from the UK Department for International Development (DFID), the Royal Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs and the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA). Copyright for the Map of Aceh, Indonesia on page 5 is held by the East-West Center. Published by Conciliation Resources 173 Upper Street London N1 1RG United Kingdom Telephone +44 (0)20 7359 7728 Fax +44 (0)20 73594081 Email [email protected] Website www.c-r.org © Conciliation Resources 2008 Permission is granted for reproduction and use of these materials for educational purposes. Please acknowledge your source when using the materials and notify Conciliation Resources. UK charity registration number 1055436 ISSN 1365-0742 ISBN 978-1-905805-13-6 Acehnese who said they were victims of human rights abuses take part in a protest outside the Aceh Monitoring Mission in Banda Aceh, on 14 December 2006. Source: Reuters/Tarmizy Harva Acronyms and glossary 4 Map 5 Introduction 6 Judith Large and Aguswandi The conflict in Aceh: context, precursors and catalysts 12 Michelle Ann Miller An overview of the peace process Aceh’s arduous journey to peace 16 Konrad Huber Delivering peace for Aceh 22 Contents An interview with President Martti Ahtisaari Why is peace in Aceh successful? 25 Hamid Awaluddin The Helsinki negotiations: a perspective from Free Aceh Movement negotiators 28 M. Nur Djuli and Nurdin Abdul Rahman Perspectives on Aceh’s peace process 31 The Brussels ‘backstage’ of the Aceh peace process 32 Antje Herrberg A sensitive mission: monitoring Aceh’s agreement 36 Kirsten E. Schulze Civil society engagement in the peace process 40 Afridal Darmi The transition from conflict: making peace real The Law on the Governing of Aceh: the way forward or a source of conflicts? 42 Bernhard May Elections: consolidating peace 46 Edward Aspinall Perspectives on post-agreement experience 51 The political process in Aceh: a new beginning? 52 Aguswandi The challenges of reintegration in Aceh 54 Lina Frödin Managing the resources for peace: reconstruction and peacebuilding in Aceh 58 Patrick Barron Economic injustice: cause and effect of the Aceh conflict 62 Nazamuddin Basyah Said The challenge of hidden economies and predation for profit 64 Judith Large Challenges for building peace Human rights and justice in Aceh: the long and winding road 66 Faisal Hadi Agents for change: the roles of women in Aceh’s peace process 70 Suraiya Kamaruzzaman Keeping the peace: security in Aceh 72 Sidney Jones Shari’ah in Aceh: panacea or blight? 76 Fadlullah Wilmot Aceh’s new era 80 An interview with Irwandi Yusuf Compromising for peace 82 An interview with Jusuf Kalla Key texts 84 Profiles 92 Chronology 98 Further reading 103 Accord Series 104 About Conciliation Resources 106 Order form 107 Contents 3 Acronyms ABAS Proposed new province in Aceh, Southwest JSC Joint Security Committee Aceh (Aceh Barat Selatan) KOMNAS ALA Proposed new province in Aceh HAM National Commission on Human Rights (Aceh Leuser Antara) KPA Aceh Transitional Committee AMM Aceh Monitoring Mission (Komite Peralihan Aceh, demobilized GAM ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations armed forces) ASNLF Aceh Sumatra National Liberation Front LoGA Law on the Governing of Aceh BIN National Intelligence Agency MoU Memorandum of Understanding (Badan Intelijen Nasional) MOI Mobil Oil Indonesia BRA Aceh Reintegration Board MPR People’s Consultative Assembly (Badan Reintegrasi Aceh) (Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat) BRR Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Board NAD Aceh province (Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, CMI Crisis Management Initiative lit. Aceh Land of Peace) CoHA Cessation of Hostilities Agreement NGO Non-governmental organization CRT Civilian Response Team NII Islamic State of Indonesia CSO Civil society organization (Negara Islam Indonesia) DPD Senate (Dewan Perwakilan Daerah) PAN National Mandate Party DPR People’s Legislative Assembly PETA Indonesian army-backed militias (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat) (pembela tanah air, ‘homeland defenders’) DOM Military operations zone PKS Justice and Welfare Party GALAKSI Gayo-Alas-Singkil, three ethnic groups POLRI Indonesian National Police represented in a proposed new province (Kepolisian Republik Indonesia) in Aceh PPP United Development Party GAM Free Aceh Movement (Gerakan Aceh Merdeka) SIRA Aceh Referendum Information Centre GoI Government of Indonesia (Sentral Informasi Referendum) FKK Communication and Coordination Forum TNA Military wing of GAM (Tentara Negara Aceh) (Forum Komunikasi dan Koordinasi) TNI Indonesian military FPSG Resistance Front Against GAM Separatists (Tentara Nasional Indonesia) (Front Perlawanan Separatis GAM) UNDP United Nations Development Programme HDC Henry Dunant Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue Glossary Brimob Pancasila paramilitary police in Aceh (abbr. of Brigade Mobil) the founding ideology of the Indonesian state which Bupati emphasizes unity administrative chief in a rural district, mayor Pemekaran Geuchik procedure for creating new administrative units village head (lit. blossoming) Kabupaten Provokator administrative district a term widely used to attribute violence to unknown Kecamatan actors, though over time associated increasingly with subdistrict the Indonesian military Kota Qanun city provincial administrative regulation Makar Reformasi rebellion process of social and political liberalization following Organic/non-organic forces the fall of the Suharto regime ‘Organic’ denotes troops recruited within their own Ulama province and permanently attached to the local territorial Islamic religious scholars command structure. ‘Non-organic’ refers to troops Wilayah deployed to a province on a short-term basis for specific district combat exercises and counterinsurgency operations. Source: T. Faisal MG 4 Accord 20 This map does not show the new district of Pidie Jaya, established
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Skripsi Strategi Pemenangan Irwandi Yusuf Dan Nova
    SKRIPSI STRATEGI PEMENANGAN IRWANDI YUSUF DAN NOVA IRIANSYAH DALAM PEMILUKADA ACEH TAHUN 2017-2022 “Studi Kasus: Kecamatan Nurussalam, Gampong Meudang Ara” Zulfatan 130906022 Dosen Pembimbing : Prof. Subhilhar, P.hD DEPARTEMEN ILMU POLITIK FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2017 1 Universitas Sumatera Utara Pernyataan Saya yang bertanda tangan dibawah ini, menyatakan sesungguhnya: 1. Karya ilmiah saya dalam bentuk Skripsi dengan judul “Strategi Pemenangan Irwandi Yusuf dan Nova Iriansyah dalam Pemilukada Aceh Tahun 2017-2022, Studi Kasus: Kecamatan Nurussalam, Gampong Meudang Ara adalah asli dan belum pernah diajukan untuk mendapat gelar akademik, baik di Universitas Sumatera Utara maupun di Perguruan tinggi lain. 2. Skripsi ini murni gagasan, rumusan, penelitian saya sendiri tanpa bantuan dari pihak lain, kecuali arahan dari tim pembimbing dan penguji. 3. Di dalam skripsi ini tidak terdapat karya atau pendapat yang telah ditulis atau dipublikasikan orang lain, kecuali ditulis dengan cara menyebutkan pengarang dan mencantumkannnya pada daftar pustaka. 4. Pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sesungguhnya dan apabila dikemudian hari terdapat penyimpangan dan ketidakbenaran di dalam pernyataan ini, maka saya bersedia menerima sanksi akademik berupa pencabutan gelar yang telah diperoleh karena skripsi ini, serta sanksi lainnya sesuai dengan norma dan ketentuan hukum yang berlaku Medan, November 2017 Yang menyatakan Zulfatan 130906022 ii Universitas Sumatera Utara UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK DEPARTEMEN ILMU POLITIK ZULFATAN (130906022) STRATEGI PEMENANGAN IRWANDI YUSUF DAN NOVA IRIANSYAH DALAM PEMILUKADA ACEH TAHUN 2017-2022 Studi Kasus: Kecamatan Nurusalam, Gampong Meudang Ara Penelitian ini mencoba menguraikan strategi pemenangan Irwandi Yusuf dan Nova Iriansyah dalam pemilukada Aceh tahun 2017-2022 di Kecamatan Nurussalam, Gampong Meudang Ara.
    [Show full text]
  • Peace Without Justice? the Helsinki Peace Process in Aceh Edward Aspinall
    Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue rAprile 2008port Peace without justice? The Helsinki peace process in Aceh Edward Aspinall Report The Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue is an independent and impartial foundation, based Contents in Geneva, that promotes and facilitates dialogue to resolve Acknowledgement armed conflicts and reduce civilian suffering. Introduction and overview 5 114, rue de lausanne ch-1202 geneva 1. The centrality of human rights and justice issues in Aceh 7 switzerland [email protected] 2. Aceh in its Indonesian setting 9 t: + 41 22 908 11 30 f: +41 22 908 11 40 www.hdcentre.org 3. Limited international involvement 12 © Copyright Henry Dunant Centre for 4. Justice issues in the negotiations 16 Humanitarian Dialogue, 2007 Reproduction of all or part of this 5. Implementation of the amnesty 19 publication may be authorised only with written consent and 6. Compensation without justice 22 acknowledgement of the source. Broad definition and difficulties in delivery 23 Edward Aspinall (edward,aspinall@ Compensation or assistance? 24 anu.edu.au) is a Fellow in the Department of Political and 7. Debates about the missing justice mechanisms 27 Social Change, Research School Human Rights Court 27 of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. He Truth and Reconciliation Commission 29 specialises in Indonesian politics and is the author of Opposing 8. The Aceh Monitoring Mission: could more have 31 Suharto: Compromise, Resistance been done? and Regime Change in Indonesia (Stanford University Press, 2005). His new book on the history Conclusion 36 of the Aceh conflict and peace process, provisionally entitled Islam References 39 and Nation: Separatist Rebellion in Aceh, Indonesia, will also be published by Stanford University Acronyms and abbreviations 43 Press.
    [Show full text]
  • Mahkamah Agu Mahkamah Agung Republik Indo
    Direktori Putusan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia putusan.mahkamahagung.go.id P U T U S A N NOMOR : 24/Pid.Sus-TPK/2019/PT.DKI Mahkamah AgungDEMI KEADILAN BERDASARKANRepublik KETUHANAN YANG Indonesia MAHA ESA Pengadilan Tindak Pidana Korupsi pada Pengadilan Tinggi DKI Jakarta yang memeriksa dan mengadili perkara-perkara tindak pidana korupsi pada tingkat banding, telah menjatuhkan putusan terhadap Terdakwa: Nama Lengkap : drh. H. IRWANDI YUSUF, M.Sc.; Tempat lahir : Bireun, Aceh; Umur/tanggal lahir : 58 tahun / 02 Agustus 1960; Jenis kelamin : Laki-laki; Kebangsaan : Indonesia; Tempat tinggal : Jalan Salam No. 20 Bandar Baru, Kecamatan Kuta Alam, Kota Banda Aceh, Provinsi Aceh; Agama : Islam; Pekerjaan : Gubernur Aceh - Periode tahun 2007 s/d 2012 dan 2017 s/d 2022; Terdakwa ditahan dalam Rumah Tahanan Negara oleh: Mahkamah Agung1. Penyidik : sejak tanggal Republik 04 Juli 2018 sampai dengan Indonesiatanggal 23 Juli 2018; 2. Perpanjangan Penuntut Umum : sejak tanggal 24 Juli 2018 sampai dengan tanggal 1 September 2018; 3. Perpanjangan Pertama oleh Ketua Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Pusat : sejak tanggal 02 September 2018 sampai dengan tanggal 01 Oktober 2018; 4. Perpanjangan Kedua oleh Ketua Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Pusat : sejak tanggal 02 Oktober 2018 sampai dengan tanggal 31 Oktober 2018; 5. Penuntut Umum : sejak tanggal 30 Oktober 2018 sampai dengan tanggal 18 November 2018; 6. Hakim Pengadilan Negeri : sejak tanggal 14 November 2018 sampai dengan tanggal 13 Desember 2018; 7. Perpanjangan oleh Ketua Pengadilan Negeri : sejak tanggal 14 Desember 2018 sampai dengan tanggal 11 Februari 2019; 8. Perpanjangan Pertama oleh Ketua Pengadilan Tinggi DKI Jakarta : sejak Mahkamah Agungtanggal 12 Februari 2019 Republik sampai dengan tanggal 13 Maret 2019;Indonesia Halaman 1 Putusan Nomor 24/Pid.Sus-TPK/2019/PT.DKI Disclaimer Kepaniteraan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia berusaha untuk selalu mencantumkan informasi paling kini dan akurat sebagai bentuk komitmen Mahkamah Agung untuk pelayanan publik, transparansi dan akuntabilitas pelaksanaan fungsi peradilan.
    [Show full text]
  • Averting Election Violence in Aceh
    Update Briefing Asia Program Briefing N°135 Jakarta/Brussels, 29 February 2012 Indonesia: Averting Election Violence in Aceh I. OVERVIEW To this end, it engaged in a number of legal manoeuvres, on the pretext of safeguarding Acehnese autonomy and the integrity of the 2006 Law on the Governing of Aceh (Un- In less than two months, on 9 April, Aceh will go to the dang-Undang Pemerintahan Aceh), the legal underpin- polls to elect a governor and vice governor, as well as sev- ning of the Helsinki Memorandum of Understanding enteen district heads and deputies. Despite rhetorical (MoU) that ended GAM’s 30-year insurgency against the commitments on the part of all contenders to a peaceful Indonesian government. In particular, it challenged a election, the potential for isolated acts of violence be- Constitutional Court decision that annulled one provision tween now and then is high; the potential for trouble after of the law, thereby enabling independent (non-party) can- the results are announced may be even higher, especially didates to contest the elections originally scheduled for if it is a close election. Getting as many trained monitors late 2011. Irwandi, based on the court’s ruling, intended to Aceh as possible in the coming weeks is critical. to stand as an independent, and Partai Aceh was hoping to block him. The provincial parliament, which Partai Aceh Whether violence materialises may depend on several controls, also refused to pass a regulation (qanun) on elec- factors: tions allowing independent candidates, a move that pre- vented the local election commission from scheduling the the number of election monitors deployed and the speed polls.
    [Show full text]
  • Analisis Eksitensi Partai Politik Lokal Di Aceh Pasca Perdamaian
    Serambi Akademica Vol. 9, No. 4, pISSN 2337–8085 Jurnal Pendidikan, Sains, dan Humaniora Mei 2021 eISSN 2657- 0998 Analisis Eksitensi Partai Politik Lokal Di Aceh Pasca Perdamaian Usman Universitas Abulyatama [email protected] ABSTRAK Artikel ini membahas tentang eksistensi Partai Aceh, sebagai kekuatan politik lokal pada pemilihan umum dan pemilihan kepala daerah, pasca perdamaian. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui eksistensi Partai Politik Lokal Aceh sebagai kekuatan sosial politik lokal, dan berbagai dinamika baik konflik internal, hingga turunnya kekuatan politik lokal dan suara pemilih setiap pelaksanaan pemilihan umum legislataf dan pemilihan kepala daerah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif meliputi pengumpulan data melalui buku, jurnal, media massa dan dokumen lainnya. Teknik penelitian yang di gunakan adalah teknik penelitian studi literatur. Tahapan yang di lakukan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kritik atau analisis sumber, dan interpretasi (menafsirkan sumber). Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode deskriptif analitis. Dari serangkaian proses penelitian yang dilakukan, penulis memperoleh kesimpulan bahwa pasca damai Aceh telah terjadi transisi politik, dari kekuatan perlawanan senjata, ke perjuangan melalui Partai Politik Lokal. Eksistensi partai politik lokal salah satu partai mantan kombatan adalah Partai Aceh (PA). Sejak pemilu dan pilkada selama tiga periode, Partai Aceh (PA) mampu mendapatkan suara mayoritas, namun dalam tiga dekade tersebut terjadi penurunan suara pemilih
    [Show full text]
  • How GAM Won in Aceh
    Update Briefing Asia Briefing N°61 Jakarta/Brussels, 22 March 2007 Indonesia: How GAM Won in Aceh I. OVERVIEW in some cases – but probably not enough to make a difference to the outcome – intimidation. Many Acehnese saw maintaining the momentum of the peace process When local elections were held in Aceh on 11 December as crucial and voting for GAM a way to guarantee it. 2006, conventional wisdom (shared by Crisis Group) was that candidates from the Free Aceh Movement (Gerakan This briefing is based on extensive interviews with all Aceh Merdeka, GAM) would not do well. They might the major players and others involved in the campaign. pick up two or three of the nineteen district races, but the biggest prize – the provincial governorship – was almost certainly out of reach. The old Jakarta-linked parties II. BACKGROUND TO THE POLLS would benefit from deep pockets, established structures and a split in the former insurgency’s leadership. Polls just before formal campaigning began showed GAM’s The 11 December 2006 polls were the first-ever direct governor/deputy governor slate – Irwandi Yusuf and local elections in Aceh, the first elections there of any Muhammad Nazar – virtually out of contention. But kind after the August 2005 Helsinki peace agreement GAM won overwhelmingly, in what an analyst called “a between the Indonesian government and GAM, and perfect storm between the fallout from the peace accord the first in Indonesia allowing independent (non-party- and the failure of political parties to understand the affiliated) candidates to stand. With the provincial and changing times”.
    [Show full text]
  • Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa FISIP Unsyiah Volume -, Nomor -: 1-14
    iah Ma Ilm h l as Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa FISIP Unsyiah a is n r w u a J Volume -, Nomor -: 1-14 Mei 2019 www.jim.unsyiah.ac.id/FISIP FISIP STRATEGI PEMENANGAN IRWANDI YUSUF PADA PILKADA TAHUN 2017 DI ACEH BESAR SAUMI RAHMAH [email protected], [email protected] Program Studi Ilmu Politik, FISIP, Universitas Syiah Kuala ABSTRAK Pilkada pemilihan Gubernur dan Wakil Gubernur Aceh tahun 2017 pasangan Irwandi Yusuf-Nova Iriansyah lebih unggul dibandingkan kandidat lainnya dengan perolehan jumlah suara sebanyak 898.710 dari total suara sah 2.414.801. Adapun hasil Pilkada Gubernur dan Wakil Gubernur Aceh 2017 khusunya di kabupaten Aceh Besar pasangan Irwandi Yusuf dan Nova Iriansyah sebanyak 88.511 suara, dengan total suara sah sebanyak 189.897. Dari hasil perolehan suara tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pasangan nomor urut enam Irwandi Yusuf-Nova Iriansyah berhasil mengalahkan 5 kandidat lainnya. Kemenangan ini menarik untuk ditelusuri lebih lanjut terkait strategi dan faktor apa saja yang digunakan oleh pasangan Irwandi Yusuf-Nova Iriansyah untuk memenangkan Pilkada gubernur dan Wakil Gubernur Aceh 2017. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui strategi pemenangan Irwandi Yusuf pada Pilkada tahun 2017 di Aceh Besar serta faktor-faktor yang Menyebabkan Irwandi-Nova meraih kemenangan di Aceh Besar. Hal tersebut yang menjadi fokus peneliti tentang bagaimana strategi pemenangan Irwandi Yusuf pada Pilkada Tahun 2017 di Aceh Besar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi kemenangan pasangan Irwandi Yusuf-Nova Iriansyah pada Pilkada tahun 2017 di Aceh Besar mencakup beberapa hal diantaranya: membangun komunikasi politik antar warga dengan melakukan pendekatan langsung dengan masyarakat, serta memberikan penggambaran kepada masyarakat tentang visi dan misi yang akan direalisasikan.
    [Show full text]
  • The Latent Transformation Process of the Free Aceh Movement Ideology After the Peace Agreement
    PJAEE, 17 (6) (2020 THE LATENT TRANSFORMATION PROCESS OF THE FREE ACEH MOVEMENT IDEOLOGY AFTER THE PEACE AGREEMENT Rusli Yusuf Department of Pancasila and Civic Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Syiah Kuala) Email: [email protected] Maimun Department of Pancasila and Civic Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Syiah Kuala) Email: [email protected] Sanusi Department of Pancasila and Civic Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Syiah Kuala) Email: [email protected] TM. Jamil Department of Economic Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Syiah Kuala) Email: [email protected] Rusli Yusuf, Maimun, Sanusi, TM. Jamil : The Latent Transformation Process of the Free Aceh Movement Ideology After The Peace Agreement -- Palarch’s Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology 17(6), ISSN 1567-214x Keywords: Transformation of Ideology, Latent Process, Free Aceh Movement and Post- peace ABSTRACT Gerakan Aceh Merdeka (GAM), translated as the Free Aceh Movement, was established in 1976 with the aim of separation from the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI). After more than 30 years of rebellion against the central government, the two sides reconciled in 2005. One of the most important points agreed upon is that Aceh remains within the framework of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia. However, once the peace agreement was completed, former GAM combatants could still promote their ideology and symbols in latent forms in their families, in formal organizations and in the community at large. This research aims to describe in detail and analyze the latent process of the ideological transformation of the Free Aceh Movement conducted by former GAM combatants through their families, formal institutions or the social environment in general.
    [Show full text]
  • Aceh Conflict Monitoring Update 1St July – 31St August 2008
    46215 Aceh Conflict Monitoring Update 1st July – 31st August 2008 World Bank th Public Disclosure Authorized As the campaign for the 2009 elections started on July 12 , the number of violent incidents increased sharply, with 43 cases in August, by far the highest level since the tsunami.1 This leap was partly attributable to cases of vandalism of political party banners. While these cases have been relatively harmless so far, they are symptomatic of more widespread intimidation. This is contributing to a climate of tension that could lead to more serious clashes, as illustrated by a recent series of attacks against GAM/KPA2-backed Partai Aceh figures and offices in September. Preparation for the elections was marked by legal squabbles between the provincial parliament and national institutions, rooted in wider disagreements between Aceh and Jakarta over the interpretation of the LoGA and the extent of Aceh’s self- government. A shooting in Beutong, Nagan Raya, in July sparked fears that peace might be threatened on another front, with the alleged presence in Aceh of networks of rogue ex- combatants willing to resume the armed struggle for independence. The level of support such groups command among the wider population, and ex-combatants in particular, remains extremely weak. However, the potential exists for support to rise if those who come to power Public Disclosure Authorized do not address the needs and grievances of the electorate. A peak in corruption cases was registered in July and August, after parliamentary approval of the provincial budget marked the beginning of the “season of the tenders”.
    [Show full text]
  • Armed Separatism and the 2004 Tsunami in Aceh by Arno Waizenegger * Executive Summary the Indonesian Province of Aceh, Situated on the Suggest This Rarely Happens
    February 2007 www.asiapacific.ca Number 43 Armed Separatism and the 2004 Tsunami in Aceh By Arno Waizenegger * Executive Summary The Indonesian province of Aceh, situated on the suggest this rarely happens. The escalation in hostilities northern tip of the island of Sumatra, was the first and in Sri Lanka between that government and the Tamil most severely affected region hit by the tsunami that Tigers following the tsunami underscores this. In fact, devastated many countries around the Indian Ocean on rather than reconciliation, studies suggest that disasters December 26, 2004. Some 170,000 people in Aceh lost tend to foster conflict and that the effects of so-called their lives and economic loss was estimated as being “disaster-diplomacy” are rarely long-lasting. In this regard, equivalent to the the post-tsunami negotiated settlement of the secessionist annual GDP of conflict in Aceh has proven to be a rare example of the province. For success: the tsunami and recovery activities in the wake three decades of the disaster created a window of opportunity for a before the negotiated end to the separatist conflict between GAM tsunami hit, the and the Indonesian region had seen military. This paper conflict between maintains that a secessionist conditions for a movement — the negotiated Free Aceh Movement (GAM) — and the Indonesian settlement to the government, leading to widespread repression and human conflict were well rights abuses by the Indonesian military (TNI). In the advanced before the wake of the massive devastation of the tsunami, there undersea earthquake were hopes that the rescue and recovery effort would set off the disaster.
    [Show full text]
  • Wali Nanggroe Institution: the Role, Function, and Strategy for Resolving Conflicts in Aceh After the Peace
    Society, 8 (2), 313-324, 2020 P-ISSN: 2338-6932 | E-ISSN: 2597-4874 https://society.fisip.ubb.ac.id Wali Nanggroe Institution: The Role, Function, and Strategy for Resolving Conflicts in Aceh after the Peace Zulham Ibrahim Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Malikussaleh University, 24531, Lhokseumawe, Aceh Province, Indonesia Corresponding Author: [email protected] ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Publication Info: Wali Nanggroe Institution is an institution of cultural Research Article authority as the unifier of the people that is independent, authoritative, and has the authority to develop and oversee the implementation of the life, adat (custom), language, the award How to cite: of titles and honors, and adat rites. This research was Ibrahim, Z. (2020). Wali conducted in Banda Aceh city using a qualitative method. The Nanggroe Institution: The Role, concept used was Wali Nanggroe, the theories of strategy, Function, and Strategy for conflict resolution, and political communication theories to Resolving Conflict in Aceh after resolve local conflicts and analyze Wali Nanggroe neutrality in the Peace. Society, 8(2), 313-324. resolving conflicts in Aceh. The data were obtained by observation technique and interview (questionnaires and voice DOI : 10.33019/society.v8i2.192 records). The results found that the Wali Nanggroe Institution does not implement a strategy in resolving conflicts both local conflicts and other conflicts in local institutions. Also, Wali Copyright © 2020. Owned by Nanggroe does not hold political communication to resolve the Author(s), published by Society conflicts. Besides, as a mediator, Wali Nanggroe is unfair to resolve the conflicts among local institutions due to some causes; emotional attachment between Wali Nanggroe and Members of Parliament at Aceh Provincial House of This is an open-access article.
    [Show full text]
  • Indonesia: Pre-Election Anxieties in Aceh
    Update Briefing Asia Briefing N°81 Jakarta/Brussels, 9 September 2008 Indonesia: Pre-Election Anxieties in Aceh I. OVERVIEW affiliation, but the problem goes beyond law enforce- ment to the unaccountable nature of the KPA itself. Three years after the 15 August 2005 signing of the For many GAM leaders, the central question remains Helsinki Memorandum of Understanding between the full implementation of the Helsinki agreement, or even Indonesian government and the Free Aceh Movement full implementation of the Law on the Governing of Aceh (Gerakan Aceh Merdeka, GAM), Aceh is politically (Law 11/2006), the watered down legal embodiment of vibrant but on edge. The sources of unease are several. the pact. The content of the law’s implementing regu- As preparations get underway for the April 2009 par- lations has become a struggle between bureaucrats in liamentary elections with 44 parties – six local, 38 Jakarta, many of whom see Aceh as just another prov- national – in contention, the military is worried about ince, and political leaders in Aceh determined to make Partai Aceh, the GAM party, winning control of local self-government a reality. It is the latter stance that legislatures and challenging Jakarta’s authority. Partai political conservatives, including many in the military, Aceh is worried about overt or covert interference from too often interpret as separatist. Jakarta, and smaller parties are worried about intimi- dation by Partai Aceh. Election officials are concerned In the midst of the pre-poll anxiety, the immediate goal a dispute between Jakarta and Aceh over candidate should be to ensure that the lead-up to the election is requirements could delay the polls, and other struggles violence-free.
    [Show full text]