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CASE STUDY April 16, 2005 - April 16, 2009 6 :8J<JKL;P CASE STUDY The Scattered Beads THE EXECUTING AGENCY OF REHABILITATION AND RECONSTRUCTION FOR ACEH AND NIAS (BRR NAD–NIAS) April 16, 2005 - April 16, 2009 Head Office Nias Representative Office Jakarta Representative Office Jl. Ir. Muhammad Thaher No. 20 Jl. Pelud Binaka KM. 6,6 Jl. Galuh ll No. 4, Kabayoran Baru Lueng Bata, Banda Aceh Ds. Fodo, Kec. Gunungsitoli Jakarta Selatan Indonesia, 23247 Nias , Indonesia, 22815 Indonesia, 12110 Telp. +62-651-636666 Telp. +62-639-22848 Telp. +62-21-7254750 Fax. +62-651-637777 Fax. +62-639-22035 Fax. +62-21-7221570 www.e-aceh-nias.org know.brr.go.id Compiler : John Paterson Photography : Arif Ariadi Ratna Pawitra Trihadji Bodi Chandra Editor : Cendrawati Suhartono (Coordinator) Graphic Design : Amel Santoso Harumi Supit Bobby Haryanto (Chief) Linda Hollands Priscilla Astrini Margaret Agusta (Chief) Surya Mediana Melinda Hewitt Wasito Team from Tsunami Disaster Mitigation Final Reviewer : Aichida Ul–Aflaha Research Center (TDMRC) Ricky Sugiarto (Chief) Team from Faculty of Economics, Brawijaya University Team from Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) Copy Editor : Linda Hollands Margaret Agusta Translation to Indonesian Editor : Gita Widya Laksmini Soerjoatmodjo Ratna Pawitra Trihadji Zuhaira Mahar Copy Editor : Ihsan Abdul Salam Suhardi Soedjono Translator : Bianca Timmerman Harry Bhaskara Prima Rusdi Development of the BRR Book Series is supported by Multi Donor Fund (MDF) through United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Technical Assistance to BRR Project ISBN 978-602-8199-52-0 With this BRR Book Series, the Indonesian government, its people, and BRR wish to express their deep gratitude for the many kind helping hands extended from all over the world following the December 26, 2004 earthquake and tsunami in Aceh and the March 28, 2005 earthquake in the islands of Nias. Four years on, the once devastated landscapes are again vibrant with the sporadic rhythm of human life. This achievement is the result of a steadfast commitment of the local, national and international community, combined with the resilience of the people who lost so much. The dynamics and challenges encountered during the massive undertaking of rebuilding homes, hospitals, schools and other infrastructure, while striving to empower those who survived to reshape their future and redevelop their way of life, provide an important understanding of the disaster-recovery process in Aceh and Nias. In light of this, within the pages of this book, BRR would like to share those experiences and the lessons learned as a small contribution to return the favor to the world for the invaluable support it contributed to building Aceh and Nias back better and safer; as a history of the humanitarian journey of a united world. I am proud, that we can share the experiences, knowledge, and lessons with our fellow countries. It is hoped that what we have done can be a standard, a benchmark, for similar efforts at the national and international levels. Speech of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono at the Official Closing Ceremony of BRR at the State Palace, April 17, 2009 about the BRR's trip to the Tsunami Global Lessons Learned Conference at the United Nations Headquarters in New York, April 24, 2009 In both emergency relief and reconstruction periods, the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies’ (IFRC) M-6 trucks played a very critical role on distributing logistics to remote and hardly accessible areas. Photo: BRR/Arif Ariadi Contents Introduction x Prologue xv Chapter 1. Housing and Settlements 1 Canadian Red Cross (CRC) Investing Time to Understand Uniqueness of the Beneficiaries 2 Government Information Technology Executive Council (GITEC) Rebuilding Communities 7 Yayasan Inovasi Pemerintahan Daerah (YIPD) Resolving the Vanished Land Boundaries 14 Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) Using the Traditional Village Meetings 18 Yayasan Masyarakat Makmur Mitra Adil (Mamamia) Rebuilding Houses and the Surrounding Cropland 22 United Nations-Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT) From Building Houses to Assisting Urban Governance 29 Jesuit Refugee Service (JRS) Indonesia Coordinating Housing Construction 35 Muslim Aid Building Traditional Wooden Houses 38 Leuser International Foundation (LIF) Spatial Planning for Villages 43 Chapter 2. Infrastructure and Maintenance 49 Government of Japan (GoJ) Establishing a Disaster-resilient Community 50 United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM) Applying Women-led Construction of Women’s Spaces 55 International Organization for Migration (IOM) Opening the Access through Community Engagement 61 Badan Meteorologi dan Geofisika (BMG) Installing Tsunami Early Warning System 66 Norwegian Red Cross (Norcross) Introducing Drilled Wells as a Safe Reliable Water Supply 70 Asian Development Bank (ADB) Introducing Concrete Canal Lining through Participatory Construction 77 Chapter 3. Economy and Business 81 Australia-Indonesia Partnership for Reconstruction and Development (AIPRD)Local Governance and Infrastructure for Communities in Aceh (LOGICA) Simplifying Business Licensing in Aceh Barat District 82 Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) Strengthening Small Businesses with a Big Role to Play 87 Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) Shifting from Conventional Farm to Organically Grown Cocoa – A Recipe for Success 93 Forum Bangun Aceh (FBA) Making Micro-credit Work with Local Motivators 99 Grameen Foundation (GF) Empowering Women through Micro-finance 103 Swisscontact CASE STUDY: The Scattered Beads STUDY: CASE Breathing New Life into Small and Medium Enterprises 108 United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM) viii Supporting Women Small Business Owners to Make Great Strides 115 Chapter 4. Education, Health and Women Empowerment 121 Save the Children Revitalizing Posyandu through Partnership and Participation 122 Save the Children Riding on the Listening Journey 128 Australia-Indonesia Partnership (AIP) Communities and Education Program in Aceh (CEPA) Implementing Conflict-sensitive Assistance Program that Makes the Difference 132 World Vision Indonesia Establishing Child Friendly Spaces 135 Yakkum Emergency Unit (YEU) Initiating Sahabat Clinic Outreach Program 138 Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) Institutionalizing a Quality Cure for Aceh’s Health Service 142 United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Providing Psychological Support for Traumatized Children 148 Plan International Rolling a Community-Based Early Childhood Care and Development 152 United Nations Office for Project Service (UNOPS) Revising School Concept Design 156 Chapter 5. Social Development 161 Government of Japan (GoJ) Airing ‘Suara Aceh’: the Real Voice of Aceh 162 Canada/Aceh Local Government Assistance Program (CALGAP) Improving Core Library Services and Learning Opportunities 166 Canada/Aceh Local Government Assistance Program (CALGAP) Engaging Local Communities through Support Facilities 173 Caritas Germany and Save Emergency for Aceh (SEFA) Supporting the Transition from an Activist Group to an NGO as Part of Civil Society 178 United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Establishing of Women’s and Children’s Desks at NAD Police Departments 182 United Nations Office of the Recovery Coordinator (UNORC) for Aceh and Nias Using Aceh Recovery Newsletter and Coordinated Approach to Communication and Advocacy 187 Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) Formalizing More Rights for Aceh’s Women 191 Humanistisch Instituut voor Ontwikkelingssamenwerking (Hivos) Making Social Change through Gender Trajectory 197 Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center (TDMRC) Developing of the Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center 204 World Food Programme (WFP) Paving the Way for a Better and Faster Reconstruction Effort 209 Chapter 6. Institutional and Human Resource Development 225 Australia-Indonesia Partnership for Reconstruction and Development (AIPRD) Local Governance and Infrastructure for Communities in Aceh (LOGICA) Introduction Developing Blang Krueng Village through Participatory Planning and Budgeting 226 ix United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Supporting Transformation of the Local Government 230 United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Strengthening Technical and Operational Capacity of the Coordinating Agency 234 United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Bringing Social Services to Rural Areas 240 Chapter 7. Funding, Operations and Monitoring 247 Multi Donor Fund (MDF) Pooling Funds for Greater Impact 248 Asian Development Bank (ADB) Handling Complaints Efficiently 254 Australia-Indonesia Partnership for Reconstruction and Development (AIPRD) Local Governance and Infrastructure for Communities in Aceh (LOGICA) Building Accounting Systems for Village Government 262 Muslim Aid Implementing Complaint Management for House Construction 266 Notes 268 Glossary of Abbreviations 270 CASE STUDY: The Scattered Beads STUDY: CASE x Introduction For a period of three days, beginning on December 27, 2004, the Indonesian flag was drawn to half mast, and a nation was in mourning. A national disaster was declared and the world watched in disbelief. An earthquake, followed by a series of tsunamis, struck the western-end of Indonesia, causing an unprecedented loss of life and the obliteration of whole communities. For those who survived, their homes, livelihoods, and prospects for the future were swept out to sea. The earthquake, one of the largest in recent history measuring 9.1 on the Richter