Case Study Case
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
CASE STUDY April 16, 2005 - April 16, 2009 6 CASE STUDY CASE STUDY The Scattered Beads THE EXECUTING AGENCY OF REHABILITATION AND RECONSTRUCTION FOR ACEH AND NIAS (BRR NAD–NIAS) 16 April 2005 - 16 April 2009 Head Office Nias Representative Office Jakarta Representative Office Jl. Ir. Muhammad Thaher No. 20 Jl. Pelud Binaka KM. 6,6 Jl. Galuh ll No. 4, Kabayoran Baru Lueng Bata, Banda Aceh Ds. Fodo, Kec. Gunungsitoli Jakarta Selatan Indonesia, 23247 Nias , Indonesia, 22815 Indonesia, 12110 Telp. +62-651-636666 Telp. +62-639-22848 Telp. +62-21-7254750 Fax. +62-651-637777 Fax. +62-639-22035 Fax. +62-21-7221570 www.e-aceh-nias.org know.brr.go.id Compiler : John Paterson Margaret Agusta Ratna Pawitra Trihadji Photography : Arif Ariadi Editor : Cendrawati Suhartono (Coordinator) Bodi Chandra Harumi Supit Graphic Design : Amel Santoso Linda Hollands Bobby Haryanto (Chief) Margaret Agusta (Chief) Priscilla Astrini Melinda Hewitt Wasito Team from Tsunami Disaster Mitigation Final Reviewer : Aichida Ul–Aflaha Research Center (TDMRC) Ricky Sugiarto (Chief) Team from Faculty of Economics, Brawijaya University Team from Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) Copy Editor : Linda Hollands Translation to Indonesian Editor : Gita Soerjoatmodjo Ratna Pawitra Trihadji Zuhaira Mahar Copy Editor : Ihsan Abdul Salam Suhardi Soedjono Translator : Bianca Timmerman Harry Bhaskara Prima Rusdi Development of the BRR Book Series is supported by Multi Donor Fund (MDF) through United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Technical Assistance to BRR Project xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx With this BRR Book Series, the Indonesian government, its people, and BRR wish to express their deep gratitude for the many kind helping hands extended from all over the world following the December 26, 2004 earthquake and tsunami in Aceh and the March 28, 2005 earthquake in the islands of Nias. Four years on, the once devastated landscapes are again vibrant with the sporadic rhythm of human life. This achievement is the result of a steadfast commitment of the local, national and international community, combined with the resilience of the people who lost so much. The dynamics and challenges encountered during the massive undertaking of rebuilding homes, hospitals, schools and other infrastructure, while striving to empower those who survived to reshape their future and redevelop their way of life, provide an important understanding of the disaster-recovery process in Aceh and Nias. In light of this, within the pages of this book, BRR would like to share those experiences and the lessons learned as a small contribution to return the favor to the world for the invaluable support it contributed to building Aceh and Nias back better and safer; as a history of the humanitarian journey of a united world. I am proud, that we can share the experiences, knowledge, and lessons with our fellow countries. It is hoped that what we have done can be a standard, a benchmark, for similar efforts at the national and international levels. Speech of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono at the Official Closing Ceremony of BRR at the State Palace, April 17, 2009 about the BRR's trip to the Tsunami Global Lessons Learned Conference at the United Nations Headquarters in New York, April 24, 2009 In both emergency relief and reconstruction periods, the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies’ (IFRC) M-6 trucks played a very critical role on distributing logistics to remote and hardly accessible areas. Photo: BRR/Arif Ariadi Contents Introduction x Prologue xv Chapter 1. Housing and Settlements 1 Asian Development Bank (ADB) Nias Traditional Houses in Transition Process 2 Asian Development Bank (ADB) Rebuilding Society Through House Reconstruction 7 Local Governance and Infrastructure for Communities in Aceh (LOGICA) Accelerating Aceh’s Reconstruction and Rehabilitation 12 through Community Land Mapping and Village Spatial Planning 12 Yayasan Masyarakat Makmur Mitra Adil (Mamamia) Reconstruction and Rehabilitation of Houses and Settlements in Aceh 16 (RRHS-Aceh Program) 16 United Nations-Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT) Two Years of Settlement Recovery in Aceh and Nias 22 World Vision Indonesia Transitional Living Centers (TLC): Immediate Shelter Solution in Emergency 29 Chapter 2. Infrastructure and Maintenance 35 Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) Environment and Quick Reconstruction No Contradiction 36 Government of Japan (GoJ) West Coast Road and Project Planning 40 Local Governance and Infrastructure for Communities in Aceh (LOGICA) Participation and Community Contribution Produce Quality Public Works: Experience from Community Infrastructure Projects in Aceh Besar, Aceh Barat and Aceh Jaya Districts 42 United Nations Development Program (UNDP) Making Aceh Safer through Disaster Risk Reduction in Development (DRR-A) – Keeping Development from Increasing Aceh’s Disaster Risk 45 United Nations Development Program (UNDP) Tsunami Recovery Waste Management Program (TRWMP) 50 United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) SDN 51: A New School Makes a Difference 57 UNICEF’S School Construction Program 57 United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Development of Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) Program Coordination and Planning Working Group in Aceh 63 Chapter 3. Economy and Business 69 Forum Bangun Aceh (FBA) Creating Sustainable Community Development through Microcredit 70 Humanistisch Instituut voor Ontwikkelingssamenwerking (Hivos) Enabling Sustainable Livelihood Through Developing Applied Rural Technology, JINGKI Institute, Lhokseumawe 76 Local Governance and Infrastructure for Communities in Aceh (LOGICA) Empowering the Poor through Group-Based Microcredit Organizations 80 Chapter 4. Education, Health and Women Empowerment 85 Australia-Indonesia Partnership (AIP) Communities and Education Program in Aceh (CEPA) Implementing Active, Joyful and Effective Learning Teaching Techniques 86 Australia-Indonesia Partnership (AIP) Communities and Education Program in Aceh (CEPA) Increasing the Participation of the Community in the Management of Education in Post CASE STUDY: The Scattered Beads STUDY: CASE Conflict Period 89 viii Australia-Indonesia Partnership (AIP) Communities and Education Program in Aceh (CEPA) Using “Conflict Sensitive Approach” in the Implementation of AIP-CEPA in Post-Conflict 93 Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) A Code of Conduct to Improve the Quality of Education in Vocational Schools in Aceh 95 Government of Japan (GoJ) Gunungsitoli Hospital and Project Coordination 100 Government of Japan (GoJ) Japan Offers Emergency Medical Support 103 Local Governance and Infrastructure for Communities in Aceh (LOGICA) Community Voice as the Basis for Improved Health Services: The Case Study of the Meureubo Community Health Center Summary 105 PLAN International Report from CTAs in Immersion Program 110 Save the Children Children’s Participation in School Development Planning 119 United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Creating Learning Communities for Children – Improving Quality of Education 123 United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in School in Cooperation with Provincial and District Governments 128 Chapter 5. Social Development 135 Government of Japan (GoJ) Project on Self-sustainable Community Empowerment Network Formulation 136 in Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam Province 136 Local Governance and Infrastructure for Communities in Aceh (LOGICA) Building women’s solidarity to effect changes in village governance: 142 The case of the Village Council Women’s Forum in Aceh Barat 142 United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM) Gender responsive governance and strengthening women’s legal rights and access to justice in Aceh 146 United Nations Office of the Recovery Coordinator (UNORC) for Aceh and Nias Peace Building in a Post-Tsunami Setting: 152 Understanding Post-conflict Situation in Aceh: Why it Matters 152 World Vision Indonesia Counselling People in a Relief Setting: The Aceh Experience 158 Chapter 6. Institutional and Human Resource Development 165 Canada Aceh Local Government Assistance Program (CALGAP) Development of Municipal Services through Pilot Project Approach: 166 Composting Project in Banda Aceh City 166 Canada Aceh Local Government Assistance Program (CALGAP) Enhancing 174 Inter-Governmental Relations 174 Local Governance and Infrastructure for Communities in Aceh (LOGICA) Introduction Bringing Services Closer to the Community through Single Window Service at Sub-district Level 180 ix Local Governance and Infrastructure for Communities in Aceh (LOGICA) Computer-Based Reform for Reliable, Quality Services at Sub-district Offices 184 United Nations Office of the Recovery Coordinator (UNORC) for Aceh and Nias Empowering Local administrations through Technical and Coordination Capacity for Sustainable Recovery and Development: 187 Municipality/District Recovery Forum’s Experiences 187 Chapter 7. Funding, Operations and Monitoring 195 Asian Development Bank (ADB) Decentralized Safeguards: 196 Screening, Review and Monitoring of Subprojects 196 United Nations-Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT) Settlement Recovery Monitoring: A Final Review 201 Multi Donor Fund (MDF) Ensuring Quality in Reconstruction Activities 221 CASE STUDY: The Scattered Beads STUDY: CASE x Introduction For a period of three days, beginning on December 27, 2004, the Indonesian flag was drawn to half mast, and a nation was in mourning. A national disaster was declared and the world watched in disbelief. An earthquake, followed