Goethe and Law: Advancement Through Narrative and Arbitration
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Goethe and Law: Advancement Through Narrative and Arbitration The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Chaevitch, Anton. 2019. Goethe and Law: Advancement Through Narrative and Arbitration. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, Graduate School of Arts & Sciences. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:42029624 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Goethe and Law: Advancement through Narrative and Arbitration A dissertation presented by Anton Chaevitch to The Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of German Literature Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts March, 2019 © 2019 Anton Chaevitch All Rights Reserved Dissertation Advisor: Peter Burgard Anton Chaevitch Goethe and Law: Advancement through Narrative and Arbitration Abstract Although Goethe was not only a literary writer, but also a lawyer and a statesman, his views on how law and why law advances have not been considered. Through a reading of Faust and the Wahlverwandtschaften, this dissertation shows that the two components of legal advancement in Goethe’s mind were narrative and gränzunbewußte arbitration [arbitration unconscious of borders]. Narratives shape the way we think, and thus affect laws and legal outcomes. As the legal significance of borders diminishes – as the legal order becomes more gränzunbewußt – narratives cross borders more easily, and their effect becomes more global. A focus on legal advancement in Goethe’s works opens a novel understanding of them. For instance, it is unclear whether Gretchen killed her child – even though she has become one of literature’s most famous child-killers. The evidence against her consists merely of contradictory narratives. The dominant narrative of infanticide in Goethe’s time dictated that only the mother could kill the child, and that is why Gretchen has been deemed guilty. The resolution of the pact between Faust and Mephistopheles can also be understood in a novel way. Mephisto’s defeat has been understood with reference to the terms of the written pact. However, it is better understood in terms of the legal advancement that has taken place since Faust I: in the gränzunbewußte legal order at the end of Faust II, Mephisto’s pact to claim Faust’s soul is no longer enforceable. The tragic ending of the Wahlverwandtschaften can be seen as the failure of legal advancement to materialize – for divorce fails to occur in spite of the fact that it has become legally possible – because the right narratives are missing, and the legal order is not gränzunbewußt. iii Acknowledgement I am deeply grateful to my dissertation advisor, Professor Burgard, for his guidance throughout the challenging process of writing this dissertation. I am also deeply grateful to Professors Katharina Pistor and Gordon Teskey, members of the dissertation committee, for kindly pushing me to think more deeply about Goethe and the law. iv Dedication To my parents, who started my narrative without borders. v TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract ............................................................................................................. iii Acknowledgement ............................................................................................. iv Dedication............................................................................................................v Note on citations and translations ................................................................................ viii Introduction .....................................................................................................................1 Part I. The Framework: Narrative and Arbitration .......................................................... 19 Chapter I: Narrative, or I Will See It when I Believe It ....................................... 20 A. Introduction ............................................................................................................ 20 B. Über Wahrheit und Wahrscheinlichkeit: The Power of Reduced Narrative .............. 24 C. Why This Little Dialogue Matters ........................................................................... 34 D. Conscience and Narrative........................................................................................ 45 Chapter II: Gränzunbewußte Arbitration ............................................................ 47 A. Introduction ............................................................................................................ 47 B. How International Commercial Arbitration Works .................................................. 54 C. How to Understand this Spatial Order ..................................................................... 65 Conclusion of Part I ........................................................................................... 75 Part II. Stories of Infanticide .......................................................................................... 78 Chapter III: The Dominant Narrative, or the Mother Did It ................................ 80 A. Introduction ............................................................................................................ 80 B. The Legal Framework ............................................................................................. 82 C. The Dominant Narrative ......................................................................................... 91 D. Goethe’s Exposure to Infanticide .......................................................................... 101 Chapter IV: Goethe’s Alternative Narrative, or Someone Else Did It................ 113 A. Introduction .......................................................................................................... 113 B. The Seduction ....................................................................................................... 114 C. The Narratives that Surround and Attack Gretchen ................................................ 120 D. Gretchen in the Dungeon ...................................................................................... 125 E. Why Gretchen was Judged .................................................................................... 130 Conclusion of Part II ........................................................................................ 135 Part III. From the Devil’s Court to a Courtless Devil ................................................... 137 Chapter V. Two Framing Pacts: Prolog im Himmel and the Devil’s Pact .......... 138 A. Introduction .......................................................................................................... 138 vi B. Prolog im Himmel ................................................................................................ 139 C. The Pact between Faust and Mephisto ................................................................... 142 Chapter VI. Legal Advancement in Faust II: Mephisto contra Helena .............. 156 A. Introduction .......................................................................................................... 156 B. Faust I: Where Laws Do Not Change .................................................................... 157 C. Faust II, Act I: Mephisto Restores the Empire’s Old Law ...................................... 162 D. Faust II, Act II: The Artificial are Brought into the Open....................................... 168 E. Faust II, Act III: Helena Amazes Faust .................................................................. 172 F. Faust II, Act IV: The Kaiser Fights Back, but Faust is Changing ........................... 181 G. Faust II, Act V: Faust Finally Triumphs ................................................................ 189 Conclusion ....................................................................................................... 203 Part IV. Elected Affinities, Unelected Stories .............................................................. 206 Chapter VII: The Wahlverwandtschaften ......................................................... 206 A. Introduction .......................................................................................................... 206 B. Overview of the Wahlverwandtschaften ................................................................ 210 C. Finding the Law in the Wahlverwandtschaften ...................................................... 214 D. Mittler, der hartnäckige Mann ............................................................................... 223 E. The Traveling Lord who Crosses Borders and Brings Narratives ........................... 236 F. Conclusion ............................................................................................................... 244 Conclusion .................................................................................................................. 247 Bibliography ................................................................................................................ 251 vii NOTE ON CITATIONS AND TRANSLATIONS FA: Frankfurter Ausgabe MA: Münchner Ausgabe WA: Weimarer Ausgabe1 Where needed, the Abteilung, volume, and part are also indicated, e.g FA