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6.5 X 11 Threelines.P65 Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-16545-7 - Ordering Power: Contentious Politics and Authoritarian Leviathans in Southeast Asia Dan Slater Index More information Index Abdullah Badawi, 222, 225 Aquino, Benigno, 125, 126, 128, 132, 134, 135, Abdurrahman Wahid, 193, 194, 205, 166, 198–200, 242 208 Aquino, Corazon, 200–202 ABIM (Malaysian Islamic Youth Movement), Argentina, 286 157, 215, 217 Asher, Mukul, 102, 151, 153, 164, 167, 237 Abinales, Patricio, 40, 93, 95, 125, 165, 173, Asian financial crisis, 74, 203–212 174, 177 Aspinall, Edward, 180, 182, 195, 206, 210 ABRI, 26, 109–113, 137–140, 181–196, 205–210 Assif Shameen, 211, 216, 225 Abueva, Jose, 103, 135, 163, 165, 171, 174–176 Aung San, 265–268 Acemoglu, Daron, 16, 36, 45, 46, 276 Aung San Suu Kyi, 273 acquiescence/compliance, 11, 15–17, 96–102, authoritarian durability, 4–12, 22–27, 34, 36, 118, 135, 145–153, 164, 173, 176, 183, 214, 42–52, 277–278, 287–290 221, 237–239, 252, 264, 277 definition of, 4, 7, 145 AFP (Armed Forces of the Philippines), 100, measurement of, 8 103, 129, 199, 201 authoritarian institutions, 4–12, 15–20, 24–28, AFPFL (Anti-Fascist People’s Freedom 31–32, 50–52, 276–279 League), 71, 265–270 definition of, 5 Africa, 3, 4, 14, 38, 43, 73, 145, 283–288 authoritarian Leviathans, 14–19, 22–27, 30–32, Ahmad Yani, 137, 140 43, 52, 55, 277, 288–291 Ahmad Zahid Hamidi, 213, 217 definition of, 14 al-Asad, Hafiz, 18 Alatas, Syed Farid, 116, 117, 123, 152, 236 balancing, 27, 137, 181, 190–195, 283 Algeria, 290 Bali, 182 Ali Murtopo, 187–192 Bangkok, 242, 243, 245–247, 249, 250 Alliance, The, 92–93, 116–123, 154, 159, 162 Bao Dai, 255, 256 alternative explanations, 7–10, 28, 36, 51–52, Barisan Socialis, 117, 235, 236, 239 56, 57, 66, 74 Barraclough, Simon, 147–150 Amien Rais, 208, 210 Batu Pahat, Johor, 78, 216 Amir Machmud, 187 Bavaria, 281 analytic narratives, 278 Bell Report, 98, 100 ANC (African National Congress), 284 Bellin, Eva, 11, 48, 290 Anderson, Benedict, 61, 70, 71, 73, 84, 95, 97, Bermeo, Nancy, 45, 47, 48, 286 103, 107, 110, 112, 124, 136, 139, 172, BIA (Burma Independence Army), 64, 65 173, 178, 180–184, 188, 191, 207, 241, BIR (Bureau of Internal Revenue), 100–102, 280 166 Ansell, Christopher, 50, 51 BMA (British Military Administration), 76, 79 anti-regime mobilization, 11, 16, 31, 34, 45–46, BN (Barisan Nasional), 154–163, 198, 211–214, 52, 289 218–225 Anwar Ibrahim, 163, 212–225 Boix, Carles, 16, 45, 276 311 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-16545-7 - Ordering Power: Contentious Politics and Authoritarian Leviathans in Southeast Asia Dan Slater Index More information 312 Index Bolivia, 39, 286 CLO (Congress of Labor Organizations), 96, Botswana, 283–285 103 Boudreau, Vincent, 96, 126, 135, 139, 141, 168, coalitions, 4–6, 10–20, 23–29, 31–32, 34, 42–52, 182, 185, 210, 267, 271 278, 282–285 Brazil, 14, 43, 286 definition of, 15 Bresnan, John, 189, 190 cross-class, 20, 23, 24, 28, 31, 34, 45–47, 91, Briggs, Harold, 87, 88 106, 107, 197–203, 205–210, 214–216, 221, Brownlee, Jason, 4, 38, 50, 52, 97, 175, 278 241, 251–253, 255, 263, 264, 266, 271, 276, Brunei, 22, 290 286–290 Brustein, William, 15, 39, 279, 282 coercion, 3–5, 11, 14–20, 26, 37, 49, 281, 290 BSPP (Burma Socialist Program Party), 271 coercive power, 16–18 Buddha Sasana Council, 272 Cold War, 4, 7, 39, 43, 73, 136, 145, 206, 286 bureaucratic polity, 69, 70 collaboration, 22, 59, 60, 63, 65, 70, 75, 80, 91, bureaucratic-authoritarianism, 48, 239 95, 108, 231, 242, 253, 265, 266, 269, 285 bureaucratization, 68–71, 149, 186, 258, 261, collective action problems, 10–12 271 Collier, David and Ruth Berins, 13, 21, 28, 45, Burhan Magenda, 184 55, 278 Burma, 7–10, 13, 23–27, 29, 30, 32, 41, 52, 57, colonialism, 15, 21, 29, 52, 55–71, 75–92, 63–66, 71, 106, 108, 179, 229–230, 106–109, 232–235, 253–256, 264–267 263–273, 277, 288 communal elites, 15–17, 25, 28, 31, 42, 44–49, Burmans, 63–65, 71, 269 52, 146, 147, 198, 289–290 in the Philippines, 61, 163, 168–172, 199, caciques, 68, 93–105, 124, 166 201–203 Callahan, Mary, 26, 64, 65, 71, 264, 265, in Malaysia, 122, 147, 157, 214–222 268–270, 273, 274 in Indonesia, 181–185, 188, 195–196, Cambodia, 22 205–210 Camp Aguinaldo, 129, 202 comparative-historical analysis, 6, 20, 28, 30, capital controls, 204, 213 56, 291 causal mechanisms, 29, 36 Confesor, Tomas, 70 CCCs (Citizens’ Consultative Committees), Confucianism, 62, 69 237 contentious politics, 5–7, 10–32, 34, 37–45, Centeno, Miguel Angel, 25, 38, 40, 44 48–52, 55–60, 72–83, 275–291 Central America, 45 definition of, 5 Central Asia, 4 communal implications of, 5, 14, 23, 24, Chai-Anan Samudavanija, 69, 243–247, 27–32, 39–43, 55, 57, 60, 67, 74–80, 84–86, 249–251 92, 103, 114–123, 126, 136–139, 142, Chan Heng Chee, 216, 235–237 148–150, 155–158, 182–185, 216–221, 224, Chandra Muzaffar, 74, 77, 117, 119, 122, 160, 229–234, 240, 269, 279–287 217, 223 reformist/revolutionary intentions of, 14, 23, chapter summary, 28–32 55, 57, 82–85, 93–97, 104–105, 114–115, Chatsangkhomniyom party, 245–247 124–141, 252–256, 263–267 Cheah Boon Kheng, 75, 76, 231 urban/rural impact of, 14, 22–27, 30–32, Chile, 43, 286 41–42, 55, 57, 79–85, 94–99, 103, 114–142, China, 4, 19, 21, 52, 59, 62, 98, 112, 184, 254, 177, 189–191, 229–235, 240, 242, 246, 247, 255, 288, 289 252–262, 267–269, 279, 285–287 Chinese Unity Movement, 162 controlled comparisons, 28, 56 Chins, 64 counterinsurgency, 30, 40, 85–90, 98–105, 179, Chua Beng-Huat, 238, 239 260–263, 268–270 Chulalongkorn University, 245 counterrevolutions, 20–25, 29–31, 34, 48–52, cleavages, 29, 56, 57, 66, 71, 72, 104, 110, 131, 104–107, 138–141, 182–187, 229–230, 236, 206, 242 252, 259, 263, 268, 278, 282–290 class, 11, 14, 15, 23, 25, 26, 28, 34, 37, 43–46, Coup Group, 243, 244 49, 58, 60, 66, 91, 106, 107, 120, 132, 141, CPB (Communist Party of Burma), 265, 268 198, 241, 276, 280, 282, 287 CPP (Communist Party of the Philippines), ethnic/communal, 7, 11, 14, 43, 44, 58–66, 124, 125, 173, 177 79, 80, 91, 92, 96, 97, 108, 117–123, CPT (Communist Party of Thailand), 247 146–148, 155, 158, 184, 185, 205, 214, critical antecedents, 29, 56–66 218–220, 224, 233–236, 239–241, 253, 266, critical junctures, 28, 29, 55, 56, 70 272, 280, 284, 287 definition of, 29, 56 territorial, 29, 57, 63–66, 71, 106–111, 264 Crone, Donald, 40, 41, 93 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-16545-7 - Ordering Power: Contentious Politics and Authoritarian Leviathans in Southeast Asia Dan Slater Index More information Index 313 Crouch, Harold, 148, 155, 161, 162, 183, 185, Evrigenis, Ioannis, 12, 19 192, 204, 205, 241 Cuba, 117, 288, 289 factionalism, 7, 10–13, 19, 32, 40–44, 47, 52, 276–278, 286–290 D. N. Aidit, 138, 140 definition of, 11 Dacy, Douglas, 255, 257–259, 261, 262 Far Eastern Economic Review, 88, 93, 94, 171, 255 DAP (Democratic Action Party), 120, 158, 161, Federal Reserve Unit, 147, 149 163, 219–223, 225 Federation of Malaya Agreement, 78 Darul Islam, 110 Feisal Tanjung, 195 Democracy Monument, 250 Feith, Herbert, 112, 113 Democrat party (in Thailand), 245, 246, 249 Fenner, Sofia, 13, 38, 192 Democratic Alliance/DA, 96, 97, 104 First Indochinese War, 1946–54, 254, 256, 258 democratic breakdowns, 12, 43 First Quarter Storm, 126–129 democratic Leviathans, 3, 32, 290–291 fiscal contracts, 36, 186 democratic revolutions, 11, 28, 31, 45–47, fiscal power, 19, 23, 34–40, 49, 67–71, 80, 101, 197–203, 205–210, 211, 214–217, 251–252 109, 147, 151–153, 160, 164–168, 178, 180, democratization, 4, 5, 8, 16, 28, 33–34, 44–48, 185–186, 204, 211–213, 231–232, 234, 239, 74, 145, 184, 197, 199, 203, 210, 211, 219, 246–249, 256, 259–262 225, 229, 241, 250, 265, 277–278, 284 Flores, Manuel, 203 “third wave” of, 4, 74, 145, 167 foreign aid, 186, 260, 262 Dien Bien Phu, 256 foreign borrowing/debt, 167, 204, 211, 213, domination, 17–18, 20, 22–27, 30–32, 42, 277, 237 283–286, 288 foreign intervention, 7, 203 Doner, Richard, 3, 8, 13, 49, 186, 231 fragmentation, 13, 23–27, 30–32, 45, 286–289 Doronilla, Amando, 100, 103, 124, 125, 130, France, 32, 62, 63, 69, 106, 253–256, 279–282 131, 164 Franco, Francisco, 70, 98, 102, 135, 174, 177, Downing, Brian, 13, 38, 278 282, 283 Duncanson, Dennis, 254, 256, 257, 259 Free Thais, 242 dwifungsi, 112, 138 Funston, John, 80, 117, 122, 155–157, 159 East Timor, 22 Gamba, Charles, 79–81, 83 economic crises, 10, 48, 130, 139, 155, 161, 185, Garcia, Carlos, 100 190, 197–199, 203–209, 211–212, 221, 224, Geddes, Barbara, 4, 7, 10, 50, 51 288–289 generalizability, 7, 9, 28, 278–290 economic elites, 3, 10, 15–17, 25, 35–37, 39, Gerakan, 120, 154, 155, 158, 161, 162, 220, 42–49, 183 222 in Malaysia, 74, 80–85, 88–91, 117, 147, Goh Cheng Teik, 121, 122, 156, 157, 161 150–160, 211–214 Golkar, 177, 187–195, 204–206, 210 in the Philippines, 93–105, 125, 129–130, Goodwin, Jeff, 17, 21, 22, 94, 97–99, 106, 107, 133, 163–168, 198–200 241, 254, 255, 265, 276 in Indonesia, 109, 138–139, 181, 183, Gorski, Philip, 18, 280, 281 209 Great Britain, 10, 58–60, 63–71, 75–92, 96–96, Ecuador, 286 106, 108, 116, 121, 162, 231–235, 243, 255, Edi Sudradjat, 195, 208 265–269, 279, 280, 282, 285 EDSA (Edificio de los Santos Avenue), 202 Greene, Graham, 11, 87 education, 59, 61, 62, 86, 135, 149, 171, 216, Grzymala-Busse, Anna, 4, 7, 27, 288 219, 232, 234 “Guided Democracy,” 26, 30, 113, 137, 138, Egypt, 290 184, 187 elections, 4, 13, 33, 37, 57, 69–70 Gurney, Henry, 87, 88 elite collective action, 4–6, 10–20, 23–32, Guyana, 285 34–46, 48–52, 203, 276–278, 280–289 Engels, Frederick, 37, 38 H.S.
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