1 1 1 1

PHYTOPLANKTON PHYTOPLANKTON PHYTOPLANKTON DETRITUS

Eats: autotrophic (sun) Eats: autotrophic (sun) Eats: autotrophic (sun) Eats: none

Eaten by: annelid worm • clam Eaten by: annelid worm • clam Eaten by: annelid worm • clam Eaten by: arrow crab • clam • • coral • goby • manta ray • sea • coral • goby • manta ray • sea • coral • goby • manta ray • sea clinging crab • shrimp • spiny urchin • shrimp • snail • sponge urchin • shrimp • snail • sponge urchin • shrimp • snail • sponge lobster • zooplankton • zooplankton • zooplankton • zooplankton

1 1 1 1

DETRITUS DETRITUS DETRITUS MACROALGAE

Eats: none Eats: none Eats: none Eats: autotrophic

Photo by Alberto Romeo

Eaten by: arrow crab • clam • Eaten by: arrow crab • clam • Eaten by: arrow crab • clam • Eaten by: angelfish • blue tang clinging crab • shrimp • spiny clinging crab • shrimp • spiny clinging crab • shrimp • spiny • clinging crab • sea urchin • lobster • zooplankton lobster • zooplankton lobster • zooplankton sergeant major 1 2 2 2

MACROALGAE ANNELID WORM ZOOPLANKTON ZOOPLANKTON

Eats: autotrophic Eats: phytoplankton • Eats: detritus • phytoplankton Eats: detritus • phytoplankton zooplankton

Photo by Alberto Romeo photo by Achim Raschka Eaten by: annelid worm • Eaten by: annelid worm • Eaten by: angelfish • blue tang arrow crab • coral • goby • arrow crab • coral • goby • • clinging crab • sea urchin • Eaten by: arrow crab • clinging manta ray • sea star • sergeant manta ray • sea star • sergeant sergeant major crab • porkfish • sea star major • shrimp major • shrimp

2 2 2 2

ZOOPLANKTON CLAM SNAIL SPONGE

Eats: detritus • phytoplankton Eats: detritus • phytoplankton Eats: coral • phytoplankton Eats: phytoplankton

Eaten by: annelid worm • arrow crab • coral • goby • Eaten by: arrow crab • hogfish Eaten by: gray snapper • Eaten by: angelfish • clinging manta ray • sea star • sergeant • octopus • porkfish • sea star • hogfish • spiny lobster crab • sea star major • shrimp spiny lobster

2 2 2 2

BLUE TANG BLUE TANG SEA URCHIN SEA URCHIN

Eats: macroalgae Eats: macroalgae Eats: macroalgae • Eats: macroalgae • phytoplankton phytoplankton

Eaten by: bar jack • barracuda Eaten by: bar jack • barracuda Eaten by: clinging crab • Eaten by: clinging crab • • black grouper • eel • gray • black grouper • eel • gray hogfish • nurse shark • porkfish hogfish • nurse shark • porkfish snapper • lionfish • reef shark snapper • lionfish • reef shark • queen triggerfish • sea star • queen triggerfish • sea star

2 2 2 3

SHRIMP SHRIMP SHRIMP CLINGING CRAB

Eats: detritus • phytoplankton • Eats: detritus • phytoplankton • Eats: detritus • phytoplankton • Eats: annelid worm • detritus • zooplankton zooplankton zooplankton macroalgae • sea urchin • sponge

Eaten by: goby • gray snapper Eaten by: goby • gray snapper Eaten by: goby • gray snapper • human • lionfish • manta ray • • human • lionfish • manta ray • • human • lionfish • manta ray • Eaten by: black grouper • gray snapper • hogfish • nurse shark nurse shark • octopus • porkfish nurse shark • octopus • porkfish nurse shark • octopus • porkfish • octopus • queen triggerfish • • queen triggerfish • sergeant • queen triggerfish • sergeant • queen triggerfish • sergeant spiny lobster major • squid major • squid major • squid 3 3 3 3

CLINGING CRAB SERGEANT MAJOR SERGEANT MAJOR CORAL

Eats: annelid worm • detritus • Eats: arrow crab • macroalgae Eats: arrow crab • macroalgae Eats: detritus • phytoplankton • macroalgae • sea urchin • • shrimp • zooplankton • shrimp • zooplankton zooplankton sponge

Photo by Carlos Henrique Photo by Carlos Henrique Eaten by: black grouper • gray

snapper • hogfish • nurse shark Eaten by: bar jack • black Eaten by: bar jack • black Eaten by: queen triggerfish • • octopus • queen triggerfish • grouper • gray snapper • grouper • gray snapper • lionfish sea star • snail spiny lobster lionfish • squid • squid

3 3 3 3

CORAL ARROW CRAB ARROW CRAB SEA STAR

Eats: detritus • phytoplankton • Eats: annelid worms • clam • Eats: annelid worms • clam • Eats: annelid worms • clam zooplankton detritus • zooplankton detritus • zooplankton larvae • coral • sea urchin • sponges • zooplankton

Eaten by: bar jack • eel • Eaten by: bar jack • eel • Eaten by: queen triggerfish • queen triggerfish • porkfish • queen triggerfish • porkfish • sea star • snail sergeant major • spiny lobster sergeant major • spiny lobster Eaten by: queen triggerfish 3 3 3 3

SPINY LOBSTER SPINY LOBSTER SQUID GOBY

Eats: clam • arrow crab • Eats: clam • arrow crab • Eats: goby • sergeant major • Eats: phytoplankton • shrimp • clinging crab • detritus • snail clinging crab • detritus • snail shrimp zooplankton

Eaten by: eel • grouper • Eaten by: eel • grouper • Eaten by: black grouper • eel • human • nurse shark • octopus human • nurse shark • octopus gray snapper • lionfish Eaten by: bar jack • eel • gray • queen triggerfish • reef shark • queen triggerfish • reef shark snapper • lionfish • squid

3 3 3 4

QUEEN TRIGGERFISH PORKFISH ANGELFISH HOGFISH

Eats: clam • clinging crab • sea Eats: arrow crab • clinging crab Eats: annelid worm • arrow Eats: macroalgae • sponge • coral • sea star • sea urchin • crab • clam • sea urchin • urchin • snail shrimp • spiny lobster shrimp

Photo by Brian Gratwicke

Eaten by: bar jack • barracuda Eaten by: barracuda • black • black grouper • eel • lionfish Eaten by: barracuda • grouper Predators: black grouper • reef grouper • gray snapper • • reef shark • human • reef shark shark octopus • reef shark 4 4 4 4

GRAY SNAPPER EEL OCTOPUS BAR JACK

Eats: clinging crab • blue tang • Eats: angelfish • arrow crab • Eats: angelfish • arrow crab • Eats: clam • clinging crab • goby • porkfish • sergeant major blue tang • goby • gray blue tang • goby • sergeant porkfish • shrimp • spiny lobster • shrimp • snail • squid snapper • octopus • sergeant major major • spiny lobster • squid

Photo by Charles Robertson

Eaten by: barracuda • black Eaten by: black grouper • eel • Eaten by: black grouper • gray snapper • human • nurse grouper • eel • human • lionfsh lionfish • reef shark shark • reef shark Eaten by: none

5 5 5 5

LIONFISH LIONFISH BLACK GROUPER BARRACUDA Eats: angelfish • bar jack • blue Eats: angelfish • bar jack • blue Eats: angelfish • bar jack • blue tang • goby • gray snapper • tang • goby • gray snapper • Eats: angelfish • bar jack • tang • octopus • clinging crab • sergeant major • shrimp sergeant major • shrimp black grouper • blue tang • gray gray snapper • hogfish • snapper • hogfish • porkfish porkfish • queen triggerfish • sergeant major • spiny lobster • squid

Eaten by: human Eaten by: human Photo by Brian Gratwicke Eaten by: human Eaten by: barracuda • human • NON-NATIVE • INVASIVE NON-NATIVE • INVASIVE reef shark

5 5 5 5

BLACK GROUPER REEF SHARK HUMAN NURSE SHARK

Eats: angelfish • bar jack • blue Eats: angelfish • bar jack • Eats: black grouper • gray tang • octopus • clinging crab • Eats: clinging crab • octopus • black grouper • blue tang • gray snapper • spiny lobster • gray snapper • hogfish • sea urchin • shrimp • spiny snapper • manta ray • porkfish lionfish • octopus • reef shark • porkfish • queen triggerfish • lobster • queen triggerfish • spiny shrimp sergeant major • spiny lobster • lobster squid

Photo by Brian Gratwicke

Eaten by: none Eaten by: barracuda • human • Eaten by: none reef shark Eaten by: human