The Time of the Karanduun
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Early Filipino in the Pre-Hispanic Period
THE IMPORTANCE OF TOPOGRAPHY Communities before lived near bodies of water. Houses were lined along the coasts of seas, bays, rivers and lakes. WHY? • Food from the water resources • Easy access to food • Means of transportation • Not easily attacked by an enemy EARLY SHELTER: 1. CAVES – Early Filipinos lived in caves. Caves were safer Later… he moved to the plains and coastal areas Plains – for farming Coastal Areas – for fishing EARLY SHELTER: 2. NIPA HUTS – made of NIPA PALM LEAVES, WOOD and BAMBOO. Square shape and about 1 meter above ground. Distinguishing feature: ONE ROOM ONLY -used as dining room, living room, bedroom and receiving rooms. EARLY SHELTER: 2. NIPA HUTS The main post of the house is called the ARIGUE EARLY SHELTER: 2. NIPA HUTS The BATALAN is the place at the back for water jars and cooking EARLY SHELTER: 3. TREE HOUSES To keep safe from enemies and wild animals. Ladders were hoisted in at night. EARLY SHELTER: 4. HOUSES ON STILTS Houses along the coastal areas There is a pathway leading to the house MEANS OF LIVELIHOOD 1. AGRICULTURE – there are 2 methods A. KAINGIN METHOD prepare the area for farming by cutting and burning and dead plants / grasses before cutting/burning they performed rituals after burning, the soil was cleaned thoroughly MEANS OF LIVELIHOOD 1. AGRICULTURE B. WET METHOD – rice was planted in areas where dikes were built to collect water. MEANS OF LIVELIHOOD 2. HUNTING – the men used bow and arrows to hunt for deer. They were also accompanied by dogs to chase the deer After the catch, they divided the deer among themselves MEANS OF LIVELIHOOD 3. -
The Truth of Diwa
The Truth of Diwa Diwa is both the building block and the string upon which all of reality is spun. It permeates all things, and exists in varying states of matter. In a manner of speaking, that chair you see in front of you is Diwa, in a given form. Break it down to its most essential components and you shall see Diwa. However Diwa can be used more than that. It exists in four states: • Agos, Diwa echoing Water. This is the normal state of Diwa, the Diwa that makes up all things. • Tagos, Diwa echoing Air. This is the Diwa that binds things together. It can be manipulated at this level, and if one were to have some means of seeing the invisible machinations of the gods, they will see tiny strands that link everything to everything, as well as the Diwata that embody everything. Diwa in this state can be known as “Fate”, and indeed, the Agents of Heaven call this Tadhana. • Bala, Diwa echoing Fire. This is the Diwa that burns within every living being, and every thing is a living being because everything has a diwata. The Human Eight-Point Soul is made up of this Burning Diwa, and so are the powerful essences of the Karanduun. Burning Diwa can be used to affect other states -- most commonly by having a lot of Burning Diwa, you have more say in how reality works. Thus why Burning Diwa in all beings is known as “Bala”, or “Power”. It is their measure of capability, and it is well known that the Karanduun possess “Unlocked” Bala, which allows their Bala to transcend event that of Gods. -
Notes on Philippine Divinities
NOTES ON PHILIPPINE DIVINITIES F. LANDA JocANO Introduction THIS PAPER IS ETHNO-HISTORICAL IN NATURE. IT IS DE- signed to put together representative pantheons of different Philippine divinities. The materials for this purpose have been gathered from historical documents, ethnographiC monographs, and Held observations conducted by the writer and other fieldworkers among different indi- genous religious groups in the various parts of the country. No sociological analysis of these cosmologies or their manifest theo- logies is made except to point out that their persistence through time - from the early Spanish contact to the present - indicates they are closely interwoven with the lifeways of the people. The divinities described here are, as they were in the past, conceived as beings with human characteristics. Some of them are good and others are evil. Many stories about the workings of these supernatural beings are told. They participate in the affairs of men. These relationships reinforce local beliefs in the power of the supernatural beings, as those people who participate in community affairs witness how these deities, invoked during complicated rituals, cure an ailing patient or bring about suc- cess in hunting, fishing, and agriculture. Some of these deities are always near; others are inhabitants of far-off realms of the skyworld who take interest in human affairs only when they are invoked during proper ceremonies which compel them to come down to earth. In this connection, the spirits who are always near, are the ones often called upon by the people for help. These supernatural beings are led by the highest ranking deity and not by any one supreme divinity, for each has specific and some independent function. -
Huling Bakunawa Allan N
Huling Bakunawa Allan N. Derain Hindi batid ng mga katutubo kung anong uri ng isda iyon yamang hindi pa sila nakakikita nang gayon sa kanilang mga baybayin.Kung kaya itinuring na lamang nila ito bilang isang dambuhala na itinalaga ng Diyos sa malawak na Karagatan ng Silangan dahil sa angkin nitong laki. — Fray Ignacio Francisco Alcina Historia de las islas e indios de Bisayas 1668 ang sundan ni datu rabat ang tutok ng hintuturò ng kaniyang panauhin, nagtapos ito sa may bumubulwak na bahagi ng dagat kung saan mapapansin ang mabagal na galaw ng higanteng isda. Ang bakunawa kung tawagin ng mga mangingisda sa gawing ito ng dagat. Ang bunga ng kanilang tatlong araw at tatlong gabing pag-aabang at pagmamatyag kasama ang Tsinong mangangalakal. N Nakatayo si Datu Rabat sa unahan ng kaniyang sinasakyang adyong habang nakamasid sa Tsinong sakay naman ng sariling sampan. Nag-aalala ang datu sa mga piratang maaaring sumalisi sa kaniya. Kaya kailangan niyang bantayan ang mangangalakal na Tsino habang naririto ito sa kaniyang sakop. Kaya siya nagtayo ng bantayog na magbabantay sa kaniyang pantalan. Kaya rin siya umupa ng mga mersenaryong tatambang sa mga pirata. Sa kakayahan niyang magbigay proteksiyon sa mga panauhing mangangalakal nakasalalay 4 likhaan 5 ˙ short story / maikling kuwento ang mabuting pakikitungo sa kaniya ng mga tagasentro. Hindi siya dapat mabigo kahit minsan lalo’t buhat sa Emperador na Anak ng Langit ang kaniyang pinangangalagaang panauhin. Pero dahil parang mga dikya ang mga tulisang dagat na ito na hindi na yata mauubos hangga’t may tubig ang dagat, pinirata na rin niya ang karamihan sa mga pirata para sa ibang sakop na lamang gawin ang kanilang pandarambong. -
Bentley, Caitlin Accepted Thesis 12-04-15 Fa 15.Pdf
Read all instructions first and then perform each step in this order. 1. Select File/Save As menu options to save this document (name it: Last, First MM-DD-YY) to your computer disk. 2. Open Word and this file. The file opens in Protected Mode. Type title above in the gray box as instructed and tab to next field (see instructions in each gray field and in the status bar). Tab and answer all questions until you return back to the title above. 3. Please scroll to and read Chapter 1 to learn how to unprotect this document. Once the document is unprotected the gray fields will continue to display on the screen, but will not print or convert to the PDF file. Fields can then also be modified if needed. 4. Once the document is Unprotected, scroll to Chapter 2 to read about the automatic Table of Contents, Heading Styles, Tables, Figures, References, and Appendices. 5. To remove this box, click it, point to outer gray hash marks until you see the Move icon, click to select, and press Delete key. Linking Communications: the Philippine Regional Section of the Allied Intelligence Bureau's Operations in the Occupied Islands,1942-1945 A thesis presented to the faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of Ohio University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts Caitlin T. Bentley December 2015 © 2015 Caitlin T. Bentley. All Rights Reserved. 2 This thesis titled Linking Communications: The Philippine Regional Section of the Allied Intelligence Bureau's Operations in the Occupied Islands,1942-1945 by CAITLIN T. -
Among the Aetas of Nabuclod, Pampanga, Philippines
41 The Health Ritual of “Pag-aanito” among the Aetas of Nabuclod, RUDOLF CYMORR KIRBY P. Pampanga, Philippines MARTINEZ, PhD, MA, RN San Beda University, Abstract Manila, Philippines A defining characteristic of an indigenous group is that it has preserved its unique traditional ways of living, belief system or https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002- pertinent rituals amidst the presence of modernity. One of the 5323-5108 indigenous group residing in the Philippines are the Aeta people, found scattered in the archipelago. One of the unique cultural health beliefs of this indigenous group revolves around the spirit called "anito" and the ritual for appeasing this spirit termed as "pag-aanito." This paper explores the contemporary understanding of a select group of Aeta from Pampanga, Philippines on these unique cultural health beliefs and how their understanding and appreciation of their traditional customs affects their perception of the world, themselves, and their health. Keywords: Focused ethnography, health knowledge, indigenous medicine Context of the Study defining characteristic of an indigenous group is that it has preserved its unique traditional ways of living, belief system or pertinent rituals amidst the presence of A modernity. One of the indigenous group residing in the Philippines are the Aeta people, found scattered in the archipelago and is often described as its earliest inhabitants. Aetas are pygmy people, nomadic in nature and are traditionally animist (Balila et al., 2014; Shimzu, 1989, Waddington, 2002). One of the unique beliefs of the Aeta people is the anito, a benevolent, environmental spirit believed to inhabit the river, sea, hills and Corresponding author’s email: [email protected] 42 various other places. -
The Second Song Continues... … and It Was Glorious. Before the Humans Even Existed, It Is Worth Mentioning That There Have Been Previous Beings Before Them
...the Second Song continues... … and it was Glorious. Before the humans even existed, it is worth mentioning that there have been previous beings before them. The Lipod, the winged wind-people, and the Magindara, the snake-tailed water-people, have existed much before they have. The tamawo and the palesekan fought amongst themselves in the Corpse of Kalibutan, claiming patches of forestry and life. The palesekan became the Children of the Trees, while the tamawo became the Children of the Crystal, creating large crystalline cities as opposed to the palesekan’s smaller forest-tribes. The dalaketnon wandered across the world and eventually found one of the caves to Sulad, the Underworld. There they met Saragnayan, Lord of Darkness. And so, during the first few years of the Epoch of Heroes, the humans lived in constant fear of various halimaw and yawa, which came from the Sea, for the Sea was the corpse of the Orphaned Spirit. The other races also subjugated humanity under their rule, even the Dragon Lords that were the eventual descendants of the Naga Tribe of the magindara. It wasn't long before The Actor of Power had returned from His voyage, and he found that all of the world was filled with death and travesty, crumbling underneath the crippling weight of the Mad Sky's tyranny. He sought to reason with the Mad Sky, who only ended up cursing him and banishing him from the world. Filled with wrathful revolution, he gave to Magu'yawan the instructions of creating powerful essences of pure, coruscating power -- he tasked Magu’yawan to collect the God-Shards of the Primordials: the Furious Rebellious Shard of Kalibutan, the Glorious Warrior Spirit of Adlaw, the Reaping Shadow Specter of Bulan, and the Burning Thousand Points of Suga. -
Research Journal (2019)
Divina M. Edralin Editor-in-Chief San Beda University, Manila, Philippines Nomar M. Alviar Managing Editor San Beda University, Manila, Philippines Ricky C. Salapong Editorial Assistant San Beda University, Manila, Philippines Oscar G. Bulaong, Jr. Ateneo Graduate School of Business, Makati City, Philippines Christian Bryan S. Bustamante San Beda University, Manila, Philippines Li Choy Chong University of St. Gallen, Switzerland Maria Luisa Chua Delayco Asian Institute of Management, Makati City, Philippines Brian C. Gozun De La Salle University, Taft Avenue, Manila, Philippines Raymund B. Habaradas De La Salle University, Taft Avenue, Manila, Philippines Ricardo A. Lim Asian Institute of Management, Makati City, Philippines Aloysius Ma. A. Maranan, OSB San Beda University, Manila, Philippines Djonet Santoso University of Bengkulu, Bengkulu, Indonesia Lauro Cipriano S. Silapan, Jr. University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines Marilou Strider Jersey College, School of Nursing, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, U.S.A. From the Editor Divina M. Edralin Editor-in-Chief Research Articles Stewardship Towards God’s Creation Among 1 Early Filipinos: Implications to Faith Inculturation James Loreto C. Piscos Sustainability Repoting of Leading Global 24 Universities in Asia, Europe, and USA Divina M. Edralin and Ronald M. Pastrana The Impact on Life of Estero de San Miguel 46 Noel D. Santander, Josephine C. Dango, and Maria Emperatriz C. Gabatbat Capitalism vs. Creation-Spirituality Resolve (C.S.R.): 72 A Tete-a-tete of Two Cultural Consciousness Jesster B. Fonseca Caring Behaviours, Spiritual, and Cultural Competencies: 98 A Holistic Approach to Nursing Care Gil P. Soriano, Febes Catalina T. Aranas, and Rebecca Salud O. Tejada Restoring the Sanctity and Dignity of Life Among 116 Low-Risk Drug User Surrenderers Neilia B. -
Political History, Autonomy and Change
POLITICAL. HISTORY, AUTONOMY, AND CHANGE: .. THE CASE OF THE BARRIO CHARTERi . ·: .. .,, . ··) . ' . MARIO D. ZAMORA ONE CAN BETTER ·UNDERSTAND THE HISTORY OF REPUBLJC Acts 1408 and 2370 and the present Barrio Council by its histori- cal antecedents;2 This paper outlines the major characteristics of local gov- ernment during the pre-Hispanic, Spanish, and American .periods as,. related to· the creation ·in 1956 of the elective Philippine Barrio Council. A glance at the past partly explains some distinctive features of the present CounciL The ·latter part •of the· paper traces the origin of rural. councils to. their pre- sent form as prescribed- by Republic Act 1408 and as amended by Republic Act 2370.3 ' The contemporary Philippine barrio grew out of pre-Hispanic "family villages" called barangais or. barangays. Barangay originally referred to a ,group of boats and their passengers who migrated to the Philippines. Each boat carried an entire family including . relatives, friends, and slaves the headship of a datu or leader. After landing, the group founded a vil- lage under its datu. Later on, barangay came to mean a village constituted by these settlers. The datu (also called rajah, hadji, sultan, gat or lakan) of the barangay was the• village leader by inheritance, wealth and/or physical prowess. He was lawmaker, judge and executive. Usually he was assisted in village ad- ministration by a council of elderly men ( maginoo), mostly chiefs who had I I wish to acknowledge my great indebtedness to the following scholars whose help enabled nie to complete this manuscript: Dr. Donn ·v. Hart (Professor, Syracuse University); ·who initiated the writer into field research in a Bulacan barrio and helped in· the. -
Cultural Dynamics and the Church in the Philippines
Mulzac: Cultural Dynamics and the Church in the Philippines Cultural Dynamics and the Church in the Philippines The. overwhelming. Christian. majority. makes. the. Philippines. By.Kenneth.D..Mulzac the.only.country.that.is.predomi- nantly.Christian.in.Asia..Chris- tian behavior, however, is influ- enced.not.only.by.the.convictions. The. Philippines. consist. of. of.the.respective.faith.communi- 7,250.islands..About.700.of.these. ties. but. also. by. certain. unique. are. populated. with. about. 89.5. values. held. in. common. by. the. million. people,. at. an. average. Filipino.people..In.order.to.un- population. growth. rate. of. 1.8%.. derstand.the.Filipino.Christian,. These.citizens.represent.a.unique. these. values. must. be. acknowl- blend. of. diversity. (in. languages,. edged. and. appreciated. (Jocano. ethnicity,. and. cultures). and. ho- 1966b).. This. is. especially. true. mogeneity..Despite.this.diversity,. as. has. been. noted. by. one. Fili- one.common.element.that.charac- pino.thinker,.who.believes.that. terizes.Filipinos.is.a.deep.abiding. we.must.“know.the.sociological. interest.in.religion.that.permeates. and. psychological. traits. and. all. strata. of. society:. Christian- values. that. govern. Filipino. life.. ity.92.5%,.(comprised.of.Roman. Together,.these.traits.and.values. Catholics. 80.9%,. Evangelicals. contribute.to.the.development.of. 2.8%,. Iglesia. ni. Cristo. [Church. the.typical.Filipino.personality”. of.Christ].2.3%,.Philippine.Inde- (Castillo.1982:106,.107). pendent. or. Aglipayan. 2%,. other. Since. I. came. from. the. USA,. Christians.4.5%,);.Islam.5%;.other. a. highly. individualistic. society,. 1.8%;. unspecified. 0.6%;. none. I.wanted.to.understand.at.least. 0.1%.(World Factbook.2006). -
Philippine Mystic Dwarfs LUIS, Armand and Angel Meet Healing and Psychic Judge Florentino Floro
Philippine Mystic Dwarfs LUIS, Armand and Angel Meet Healing and Psychic Judge Florentino Floro by FLORENTINO V. FLORO, JR ., Part I - 2010 First Edition Published & Distributed by: FLORENTINO V. FLORO, JR . 1 Philippine Copyright© 2010 [Certificate of Copyright Registration and Deposit: Name of Copyright Owner and Author – Florentino V. Floro, Jr .; Date of Creation, Publication, Registration and Deposit – _________________, 2010, respectively; Registration No. __________, issued by the Republic of the Philippines, National Commission for Culture and the Arts, THE NATIONAL LIBRARY, Manila, Philippines, signed by Virginio V. Arrriero, Acting Chief, Publication and Special Services Division, for Director Prudencia C. Cruz, and Attested by Michelle A. Flor, 1 Copyright Examiner] By FLORENTINO V. FLORO, JR. Email: [email protected], 123 Dahlia, Alido, Bulihan, Malolos City, 3000 Bulacan, Philippines , Asia - Cel. # 0915 - 553008, Robert V. Floro All Rights Reserved This book is fully protected by copyright, and no part of it, with the exception of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews, may be reproduced, recorded, photocopied, or distributed in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, or stored in a database or retrieved system, without the written consent of the Author/publisher. Any copy of this book not bearing a number and the signature of the Author on this page shall be denounced as proceeding from an illegal source, or is in possession of one who has no authority to dispose of the same. First Printing, 2010 Serial No. _____________ LCCCN, Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: Floro, Florentino V., 2006, " Philippine Mystic Dwarves LUIS, Armand and Angel Meet Fortune-telling Judge", 1st edition, ____ p., FIL / ______ / ______ / 2010 2 ISBN ____________________ 3 Printed & Published by: FLORENTINO V. -
The Galaxy of Archipelago
THE GALAXY OF ARCHIPELAGO THE LAND OF GOD First, the Land of God, in the center of the galaxy of Archipelago, the one worshipped. Katalonan say it emanates a life-giving energy that gives the Galaxy of Archipelago the ability for life, but this is simply rumors and cryptic religious ramblings. This is also where, they say, that God lives. If you try to seek out the Land, you will simply become lost. THE ARCHIPELAGO The ARCHIPELAGO is the galaxy wherein all live in. It is wide, violent, and home to millions of star systems and planets. The Archipelago is usually split into three concentric sectors, although sometimes 4: Upstream, Downstream, and Shore. Sometimes they include the Horizon is included since there are some systems and planets that Humanity lives in there as well. The Upstream is the sector that surrounds the Land of God, closest to the center of the Galaxy. Here you will find the rich, palace planets of the Maginoo and Datu, as well as the Capital Planet of the whole Lakanate. The Downstream is the sector after the Upstream, surrounding it. Most work is done here, as well as trade, since it is the nexus of the Shore and Horizon Rims and the Upstream. This sector houses most of the planets and the population of Humanity. The Shore is the furthest from the Land of God, and the closest to the Horizon. This is where most of the vagrants and untouchables of the setting live, and most planets here are also usually uncharted or unrecorded. There is still much natural resources here, thus why most of the rich exploit this sector and its people.